Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134193
Xin Li, Haoyu Chai, Zhifan Yang, Cuiluan Ma, Yu-Cai He
Syringyl alcohol is an important lignin-derived aromatic alcohol with potential utility in the fragrance and pharmaceutical research. In this study, it was biologically synthesized from syringaldehyde. The recombinant Escherichia coli C165F-V231D expressing alcohol dehydrogenase KpADH from Kluyveromyces polyspora enabled the effective biotransformation of syringaldehyde. Based on structural analysis and previous work for mutation of 165C to 165F and 231 V to 231D in KpADH. This variant was created, demonstrating a markedly increased catalytic activity under low dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations. C165F-V231D activity exhibited a 1.9-fold improvement in DMSO-H2O (5:95, V/V). Eventually, C165F-V231D cells transformed syringaldehyde (25 mM) to syringyl alcohol in 99.7% analytical yield. This work provides a sustainable biocatalytic strategy for the synthesis of syringyl alcohol from lignin-derived aldehydes, deserves the further development lignin valorization and the green synthesis of bio-derived aromatic alcohols.
丁香醇是一种重要的木质素衍生芳香醇，在香料和药物研究中具有潜在的应用价值。本研究以丁香醛为原料进行生物合成。重组大肠杆菌C165F-V231D表达多孢克卢维菌的醇脱氢酶KpADH，实现了丁香醛的有效生物转化。基于对KpADH中165C - 165F和231 V - 231D突变的结构分析和前人的工作。这种变体被创造出来，在低二甲亚砜（DMSO）浓度下显示出显著增加的催化活性。C165F-V231D在DMSO-H2O中的活性提高了1.9倍（5:95,V/V）。最终，C165F-V231D细胞以99.7%的分析产率将丁香醛（25 mM）转化为丁香醇。本研究为木质素衍生醛合成紫丁香醇提供了一种可持续的生物催化策略，值得进一步发展木质素增值和绿色合成生物衍生芳香醇。
{"title":"Efficient synthesis of syringyl alcohol through bioreduction of lignin-derived syringaldehyde by newly constructed recombinant Escherichia coli C165F-V231D","authors":"Xin Li, Haoyu Chai, Zhifan Yang, Cuiluan Ma, Yu-Cai He","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134193","url":null,"abstract":"Syringyl alcohol is an important lignin-derived aromatic alcohol with potential utility in the fragrance and pharmaceutical research. In this study, it was biologically synthesized from syringaldehyde. The recombinant Escherichia coli C165F-V231D expressing alcohol dehydrogenase K<ce:italic>p</ce:italic>ADH from <ce:italic>Kluyveromyces polyspora</ce:italic> enabled the effective biotransformation of syringaldehyde. Based on structural analysis and previous work for mutation of 165C to 165F and 231 V to 231D in K<ce:italic>p</ce:italic>ADH. This variant was created, demonstrating a markedly increased catalytic activity under low dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations. C165F-V231D activity exhibited a 1.9-fold improvement in DMSO-H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O (5:95, V/V). Eventually, C165F-V231D cells transformed syringaldehyde (25 mM) to syringyl alcohol in 99.7% analytical yield. This work provides a sustainable biocatalytic strategy for the synthesis of syringyl alcohol from lignin-derived aldehydes, deserves the further development lignin valorization and the green synthesis of bio-derived aromatic alcohols.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"315 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Algal-bacterial symbiotic systems (ABS) represent an environmentally sustainable wastewater treatment technology with significant application potential, though achieving stable and efficient operation remains a critical research challenge. This 180-day comparative study systematically investigated the performance differences and underlying mechanisms between mechanically stirred and aerated algal-bacterial symbiotic flocs (ABF) cultured in low C/N ratio wastewater. The results demonstrate that mechanical stirring enhances symbiotic interactions between microalgae and bacteria, leading to significantly improved performance metrics including higher biomass concentration (3.5 g/L), elevated dissolved oxygen levels (10.3 mg/L), increased lipid content (58.4%) and lipid productivity (9.3 mg/L/d), along with superior settling characteristics as evidenced by the reduced sludge volume index (80.7 mL/g). During Phase Ⅳ, the stirred ABFs exhibited exceptional contaminant removal efficiencies, achieving 98.2% ammonium nitrogen, 83.2% total nitrogen, and 89.7% chemical oxygen demand removal. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) analysis revealed stimulated secretion under stirring conditions (222.3 mg/g), with tight-bound EPS (TB-EPS) predominating, significantly enhancing floc structural stability. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that stirring enriched functional genera like Thauera and Rubrivivax, strengthening denitrification and organic degradation capacities, while activating key pathways such as the TCA cycle and nitrogen metabolism, upregulating the abundance of EPS synthesis-related genes (e.g., galU), elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying efficient nutrient removal and floc stability. This study presents an optimized strategy for establishing high-performance ABS in low C/N ratio wastewater treatment, offering both environmental sustainability and economic viability.
{"title":"Unveiling the mechanisms of mechanical stirring for enhanced performance and stability of algal-bacterial flocs treating low C/N synthetic wastewater","authors":"Jun-Jie Gu, Bin-Di Mao, Xiao-Xiao Dou, Bin-Xin Zhang, Jia-Wei Xu, Chun-Wan Fu, Bang-Jie Lan, Xin-Jie Zhang, Zhe Xu, Feng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134175","url":null,"abstract":"Algal-bacterial symbiotic systems (ABS) represent an environmentally sustainable wastewater treatment technology with significant application potential, though achieving stable and efficient operation remains a critical research challenge. This 180-day comparative study systematically investigated the performance differences and underlying mechanisms between mechanically stirred and aerated algal-bacterial symbiotic flocs (ABF) cultured in low C/N ratio wastewater. The results demonstrate that mechanical stirring enhances symbiotic interactions between microalgae and bacteria, leading to significantly improved performance metrics including higher biomass concentration (3.5 g/L), elevated dissolved oxygen levels (10.3 mg/L), increased lipid content (58.4%) and lipid productivity (9.3 mg/L/d), along with superior settling characteristics as evidenced by the reduced sludge volume index (80.7 mL/g). During Phase Ⅳ, the stirred ABFs exhibited exceptional contaminant removal efficiencies, achieving 98.2% ammonium nitrogen, 83.2% total nitrogen, and 89.7% chemical oxygen demand removal. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) analysis revealed stimulated secretion under stirring conditions (222.3 mg/g), with tight-bound EPS (TB-EPS) predominating, significantly enhancing floc structural stability. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that stirring enriched functional genera like <ce:italic>Thauera</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Rubrivivax</ce:italic>, strengthening denitrification and organic degradation capacities, while activating key pathways such as the TCA cycle and nitrogen metabolism, upregulating the abundance of EPS synthesis-related genes (e.g., galU), elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying efficient nutrient removal and floc stability. This study presents an optimized strategy for establishing high-performance ABS in low C/N ratio wastewater treatment, offering both environmental sustainability and economic viability.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134179
Chuanbin Wang, Yixi Xie, Ning Li, Hailin Tian, Jiafeng Qu, Yanpeng Cai, Guanyi Chen, Qian Tan
Cow manure-derived biochar was used to synthesize a series of cobalt/nitrogen co-doped biochars with varying nitrogen contents for enhanced sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal in a peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based oxidation process. Their structures, catalytic activities, and mechanisms were systematically compared. Nitrogen doping significantly tuned biochar’s surface area, pore structure, electronic properties, and active site distribution, showing a “rise-then-fall” trend in catalytic performance. Medium nitrogen-doped biochar (CoBC-2) exhibited optimal PMS activation and SMX degradation effects, with higher reaction rates than low- or high-doped samples. Mechanistic analysis revealed that moderate nitrogen doping synergistically enhanced the activity of Co-O, graphitic N, and oxygen-containing functional groups. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed that medium nitrogen-doped biochar promoted electron transfer, PMS adsorption, and OO bond cleavage, thereby efficiently generating reactive species. This work provides a clear guideline for designing tunable biochar catalysts with optimized nitrogen content.
{"title":"Mechanistic insights into nitrogen doping effects on cobalt-loaded biochar for peroxymonosulfate Catalysis","authors":"Chuanbin Wang, Yixi Xie, Ning Li, Hailin Tian, Jiafeng Qu, Yanpeng Cai, Guanyi Chen, Qian Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134179","url":null,"abstract":"Cow manure-derived biochar was used to synthesize a series of cobalt/nitrogen co-doped biochars with varying nitrogen contents for enhanced sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal in a peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based oxidation process. Their structures, catalytic activities, and mechanisms were systematically compared. Nitrogen doping significantly tuned biochar’s surface area, pore structure, electronic properties, and active site distribution, showing a “rise-then-fall” trend in catalytic performance. Medium nitrogen-doped biochar (CoBC-2) exhibited optimal PMS activation and SMX degradation effects, with higher reaction rates than low- or high-doped samples. Mechanistic analysis revealed that moderate nitrogen doping synergistically enhanced the activity of Co-O, graphitic N, and oxygen-containing functional groups. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed that medium nitrogen-doped biochar promoted electron transfer, PMS adsorption, and O<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>O bond cleavage, thereby efficiently generating reactive species. This work provides a clear guideline for designing tunable biochar catalysts with optimized nitrogen content.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting enables precise construction of functional biohydrogels, yet effective simulation bacterial dynamics within these structures remains challenging. Here, we developed a novel gelatin/cellulose/sodium alginate (GCSA) biohydrogel incorporating Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 with superior mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Using Direct Blue 71 (DB71) as a model contaminant, we demonstrated efficient bioremediation while elucidating protective mechanisms through comprehensive experimental characterization. We established a cross-scale “hydrogel-bacteria-digital model” framework integrating high-quality genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) with Computation Of Microbial Ecosystems in Time and Space (COMETS) simulation to bridge bacterial growth distribution and contaminant diffusion within biohydrogel microenvironments. This approach revealed fundamental mechanisms governing bacteria-pollutant interactions across multiple scales, validated optimal porous architecture for enhanced mass transfer, and demonstrated that biohydrogel encapsulation reduces bacterial oxidative stress while promoting metabolic activity. The framework exhibits flexibility and extensibility in addressing complex environmental challenges while advancing fundamental understanding of cross-scale interactions in engineered biological systems.
{"title":"Cross-scale modeling of bacteria-contaminant spatiotemporal dynamics in 3D bioprinted hydrogel for dye biodegradation","authors":"Weihao Guo, Ya-Nan Hou, Wei Xing, Ran Xu, Jinfeng Ma, Ai-Jie Wang, Nanqi Ren, Cong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134171","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting enables precise construction of functional biohydrogels, yet effective simulation bacterial dynamics within these structures remains challenging. Here, we developed a novel gelatin/cellulose/sodium alginate (GCSA) biohydrogel incorporating <ce:italic>Shewanella oneidensis</ce:italic> MR-1 with superior mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Using Direct Blue 71 (DB71) as a model contaminant, we demonstrated efficient bioremediation while elucidating protective mechanisms through comprehensive experimental characterization. We established a cross-scale “hydrogel-bacteria-digital model” framework integrating high-quality genome-scale metabolic model (<ce:italic>GEM</ce:italic>) with Computation Of Microbial Ecosystems in Time and Space (COMETS) simulation to bridge bacterial growth distribution and contaminant diffusion within biohydrogel microenvironments. This approach revealed fundamental mechanisms governing bacteria-pollutant interactions across multiple scales, validated optimal porous architecture for enhanced mass transfer, and demonstrated that biohydrogel encapsulation reduces bacterial oxidative stress while promoting metabolic activity. The framework exhibits flexibility and extensibility in addressing complex environmental challenges while advancing fundamental understanding of cross-scale interactions in engineered biological systems.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The coexistence of potassium and calcium ions has been identified as a major factor limiting high-yield ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in high-concentration sugarcane molasses. To identify key genes conferring tolerance to this stress, we employed an integrated strategy combining multi-omics analysis, CRISPR-mediated gene activation/repression, and targeted overexpression. This approach pinpointed four critical genes: PIR3, SPI1, AQR1, and GUT2. Functional analysis showed that while AQR1 and GUT2 enhance ethanol biosynthesis primarily by redirecting metabolic flux, PIR3 and SPI1 are crucial for maintaining cellular integrity and viability under stress. Overexpression of PIR3 and SPI1 in a wild-type strain increased ethanol production by 24.6%, achieving a final titer of 113.3 g/L in a 5-L fermenter, a performance comparable to robust industrial strains. Furthermore, this engineering strategy boosted the synthesis of other valuable compounds, exemplified by a 12.5% increase in cinnamic acid production. Our work thus identifies precise genetic targets for engineering stress-tolerant yeast and establishes a foundation for efficient bioconversion of high-concentration sugarcane molasses.
{"title":"Engineering stress tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by overexpressing PIR3 and SPI1 for efficient ethanol production from high-concentration sugarcane molasses","authors":"Wei-Yang Wang, Bei Liao, Ping Zheng, Ming-Yue Huang, Yu-Tuo Wei, Fu-Xing Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134191","url":null,"abstract":"The coexistence of potassium and calcium ions has been identified as a major factor limiting high-yield ethanol fermentation by <ce:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</ce:italic> in high-concentration sugarcane molasses. To identify key genes conferring tolerance to this stress, we employed an integrated strategy combining multi-omics analysis, CRISPR-mediated gene activation/repression, and targeted overexpression. This approach pinpointed four critical genes: <ce:italic>PIR3</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>SPI1</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>AQR1</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>GUT2</ce:italic>. Functional analysis showed that while <ce:italic>AQR1</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>GUT2</ce:italic> enhance ethanol biosynthesis primarily by redirecting metabolic flux, <ce:italic>PIR3</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>SPI1</ce:italic> are crucial for maintaining cellular integrity and viability under stress. Overexpression of <ce:italic>PIR3</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>SPI1</ce:italic> in a wild-type strain increased ethanol production by 24.6%, achieving a final titer of 113.3 g/L in a 5-L fermenter, a performance comparable to robust industrial strains. Furthermore, this engineering strategy boosted the synthesis of other valuable compounds, exemplified by a 12.5% increase in cinnamic acid production. Our work thus identifies precise genetic targets for engineering stress-tolerant yeast and establishes a foundation for efficient bioconversion of high-concentration sugarcane molasses.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluated the role of an isolated strain, Trichoderma sp. BZ01A, in enhancing the composting of Flammulina filiformis spent mushroom substrate (SMS) for producing bio-organic fertilizer. The objective was to determine how inoculation influences microbial community dynamics, compost properties, and the resulting biocontrol efficacy against cucumber-wilt disease. Amendment with Trichoderma sp. BZ01A significantly altered the compost environment, reshaped microbial communities by reducing the relative abundance of fungal pathogens such as Fusarium (from 15% to < 1%) and Aspergillus, while increasing the inoculated Trichoderma to over 95% dominance. Community assembly analysis indicated a shift towards stochastic processes, and co-occurrence network analysis revealed a simplified fungal community with higher modularity and reduced connectivity for Fusarium. These microbial changes were associated with significant improvements in the final compost product. The germination index increased significantly (P < 0.05), and pot trials demonstrated that application of the Trichoderma-amended compost significantly reduced the incidence of cucumber-wilt disease by over 50% compared to the control, whereas the uninoculated compost exacerbated disease. Statistical analyses (PLS-PM) indicated that the fungal community composition was the primary factor influencing disease suppression. The results demonstrate that inoculating Trichoderma sp. BZ01A during SMS composting effectively steers the microbial community toward a suppressive state, leading to a high-quality compost with significant biocontrol potential against a major soil-borne disease.
{"title":"Trichoderma-driven shifts in microbial communities improve spent mushroom substrate composting and disease-suppressive capacity","authors":"Hao Tan, Xia Kang, Qi Yin, Kexin Meng, Huizhu Yang, Linjing Ma, Weiwei Long, Xiang Wu, Zuopeng Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134188","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the role of an isolated strain, <ce:italic>Trichoderma</ce:italic> sp. BZ01A, in enhancing the composting of <ce:italic>Flammulina filiformis</ce:italic> spent mushroom substrate (SMS) for producing bio-organic fertilizer. The objective was to determine how inoculation influences microbial community dynamics, compost properties, and the resulting biocontrol efficacy against cucumber-wilt disease. Amendment with <ce:italic>Trichoderma</ce:italic> sp. BZ01A significantly altered the compost environment, reshaped microbial communities by reducing the relative abundance of fungal pathogens such as <ce:italic>Fusarium</ce:italic> (from 15% to < 1%) and <ce:italic>Aspergillus</ce:italic>, while increasing the inoculated <ce:italic>Trichoderma</ce:italic> to over 95% dominance. Community assembly analysis indicated a shift towards stochastic processes, and co-occurrence network analysis revealed a simplified fungal community with higher modularity and reduced connectivity for <ce:italic>Fusarium</ce:italic>. These microbial changes were associated with significant improvements in the final compost product. The germination index increased significantly (P < 0.05), and pot trials demonstrated that application of the <ce:italic>Trichoderma</ce:italic>-amended compost significantly reduced the incidence of cucumber-wilt disease by over 50% compared to the control, whereas the uninoculated compost exacerbated disease. Statistical analyses (PLS-PM) indicated that the fungal community composition was the primary factor influencing disease suppression. The results demonstrate that inoculating <ce:italic>Trichoderma</ce:italic> sp. BZ01A during SMS composting effectively steers the microbial community toward a suppressive state, leading to a high-quality compost with significant biocontrol potential against a major soil-borne disease.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of sustainable and economically feasible phosphorus recovery technology is of great significance to alleviate water eutrophication. This study proposed an innovative “one-waste, dual-use” strategy, involving the construction of a three-stage fixed-bed system integrating adsorption and Fenton-like oxidation. This system uses eggshell calcium-rich biochar (ESBC) as the phosphorus adsorbent and copper-functionalized eggshell membrane biochar (Cu@ESM) as the phosphorisation catalyst. The results showed that the integrated system has excellent treatment performance under weak alkaline conditions (pH 8–9). In the laboratory-scale treatment of high-concentration phosphorus-containing synthetic wastewater (400 mg P/L), the system was stable for approximately 940 min before reaching a 50% breakthrough. The pilot-scale test (100 L/h) was further validated with real pig wastewater, and it was confirmed that the system could continuously treat about 582 L of wastewater before saturation, and the operation was stable and efficient. Furthermore, by optimizing the molar ratio of calcium to phosphorus, high-purity hydroxyapatite was recovered from the concentrated eluent. This study presents a scalable technology based on the integration of agricultural waste valorization and advanced wastewater treatment, providing a promising solution for sustainable phosphorus management and recovery.
{"title":"Dual-Functional Eggshell-Derived system for comprehensive phosphorus recovery from agricultural wastewater: From laboratory validation to Pilot-Scale implementation","authors":"Qiao Wu, Maoqing Fan, Xiaoyu Zheng, Ming Zeng, Saihong Ru, Chengyou Sun, Chao Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134192","url":null,"abstract":"The development of sustainable and economically feasible phosphorus recovery technology is of great significance to alleviate water eutrophication. This study proposed an innovative “one-waste, dual-use” strategy, involving the construction of a three-stage fixed-bed system integrating adsorption and Fenton-like oxidation. This system uses eggshell calcium-rich biochar (ESBC) as the phosphorus adsorbent and copper-functionalized eggshell membrane biochar (Cu@ESM) as the phosphorisation catalyst. The results showed that the integrated system has excellent treatment performance under weak alkaline conditions (pH 8–9). In the laboratory-scale treatment of high-concentration phosphorus-containing synthetic wastewater (400 mg P/L), the system was stable for approximately 940 min before reaching a 50% breakthrough. The pilot-scale test (100 L/h) was further validated with real pig wastewater, and it was confirmed that the system could continuously treat about 582 L of wastewater before saturation, and the operation was stable and efficient. Furthermore, by optimizing the molar ratio of calcium to phosphorus, high-purity hydroxyapatite was recovered from the concentrated eluent. This study presents a scalable technology based on the integration of agricultural waste valorization and advanced wastewater treatment, providing a promising solution for sustainable phosphorus management and recovery.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) provides a low-carbon pathway for nitrogen removal, yet its reliance on nitrite (NO2−-N) constrains large-scale application. Emerging evidence indicates that Anammox bacteria (AnAOB) can oxidize ammonium (NH4+-N) through extracellular electron transfer (EET) without NO2−-N. However, the long-term stability of this process in mixed communities remains unresolved. Here, microbial electrolysis cells were operated for 260 days to investigate how anodic potential and conductive carrier regulate EET-dependent Anammox. A threshold potential of 0.4–0.6 V (vs. SHE) enabled NO2−-N-free NH4+-N removal of 103.61 ± 9.22 mg N·L−1·d−1 (approximately 2.5-fold higher than highly enriched communities) via a hydroxylamine oxidoreductase-mediated pathway. The conductive carrier increased electron flux 4.9-fold, enhanced protein secretion, and stabilized biofilms. High potential combined with conductive carrier enriched electroactive AnAOB (Candidatus Kuenenia, Candidatus Brocadia) and induced a shift from NO2−-N-dependent to EET-dependent metabolism. These findings demonstrate sustained long-term EET-dependent Anammox and inform scalable, carbon-free nitrogen removal.
{"title":"Anodic potential and conductive carrier synergistically drive nitrite-free extracellular electron transfer-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) in mixed microbial communities","authors":"Yang-Guang Xia, Jun-Hong Zhou, Xiao-Li Yang, Fei-Fan Shi, Ru Fan, Jia-Ying Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134180","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) provides a low-carbon pathway for nitrogen removal, yet its reliance on nitrite (NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">−</ce:sup>-N) constrains large-scale application. Emerging evidence indicates that Anammox bacteria (AnAOB) can oxidize ammonium (NH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>-N) through extracellular electron transfer (EET) without NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">−</ce:sup>-N. However, the long-term stability of this process in mixed communities remains unresolved. Here, microbial electrolysis cells were operated for 260 days to investigate how anodic potential and conductive carrier regulate EET-dependent Anammox. A threshold potential of 0.4–0.6 V (vs. SHE) enabled NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">−</ce:sup>-<ce:italic>N</ce:italic>-free NH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>-N removal of 103.61 ± 9.22 mg N·L<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>·d<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> (approximately 2.5-fold higher than highly enriched communities) via a hydroxylamine oxidoreductase-mediated pathway. The conductive carrier increased electron flux 4.9-fold, enhanced protein secretion, and stabilized biofilms. High potential combined with conductive carrier enriched electroactive AnAOB (<ce:italic>Candidatus Kuenenia</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>Candidatus Brocadia</ce:italic>) and induced a shift from NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">−</ce:sup>-<ce:italic>N</ce:italic>-dependent to EET-dependent metabolism. These findings demonstrate sustained long-term EET-dependent Anammox and inform scalable, carbon-free nitrogen removal.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134185
Zigeng Yu, Zhiyong Zhang, Zhikun Zou, Tianyu Shi, Yang Huo, Huachun Lan, Baoling Yuan, Ming-Lai Fu
Phenolic compounds (PCs), as persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals, present a global environmental challenge. This review synthesizes the removal mechanisms of PCs in constructed wetlands (CWs), comparing the performance of different configurations. Results indicate that vertical flow CWs (VF-CWs) achieve superior removal of phenol (Ph) and bisphenol A (BPA) under aerobic conditions, primarily through the synergy of substrate adsorption and aerobic biodegradation, outperforming horizontal flow CWs (HF-CWs). Plant-microbe synergy is crucial, with vegetated systems enhancing the removal of BPA and nonylphenol (NP) via rhizosphere microbial enrichment and increased enzymatic activity. Hybrid CWs (Hy-CWs) with multi-stage units demonstrate higher removal efficiencies than single-stage systems, underscoring the advantages of integrated processes. Furthermore, the regulatory roles of key operational parameters, including substrate properties, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, are discussed. These insights provide a theoretical basis for optimizing CWs and outline future research priorities, including functional material development, multi-process technology coupling, and ecological safety assessment frameworks.
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The imbalance among nitrite supply, nitrate accumulation and aeration demand poses significant challenges in single-stage partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) systems for stably treating high-strength anaerobically digested swine wastewater (ADSW) at low C/N ratio. Here, we propose a novel process that integrates real-time NH4+-N control with a floc-granule partitioned biomass architecture in a sequence anoxic–oxic-anoxic (SAOA) system to dynamically modulate free ammonia (FA) concentration while preventing free nitrous acid (FNA) inhibition. By maintaining an NH4+-N endpoint of 50 mg/L, FA was stabilized at 5.2 mg N/L, and FNA was effectively suppressed. Thus, the SAOA system achieved 94.14% TN removal at a loading rate of 0.24 kg N/(m3·d) and 92.71% COD at low influent COD/TN ratio of 1.71, respectively. Metagenomic and enzymatic profiling revealed a distinct ecological stratification: floccular biomass was enriched with Candidatus Kuenenia, whereas granular microenvironments favored ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), accompanied by the upregulation of key nitrification and anammox genes. Kinetic analysis of COD and NH4+-N removals revealed a stage-specific metabolic transition from carbon-driven to autotrophic nitrogen-dominated removal. This study provides mechanistically robust and scalable control paradigm for advancing simultaneous, high-efficiency nitrogen and carbon removal from nitrogen-rich and carbon-limited wastewater.
单级部分硝化-厌氧氨氧化（PN/A）系统在低碳氮比条件下稳定处理高强度厌氧消化猪废水（ADSW）时，亚硝酸盐供应、硝酸盐积累和曝气需求之间的不平衡是一个重大挑战。在这里，我们提出了一种新的工艺，将实时NH4+-N控制与絮凝颗粒分割生物质结构结合在一个序列缺氧-缺氧-缺氧（SAOA）系统中，动态调节游离氨（FA）浓度，同时防止游离亚硝酸盐（FNA）抑制。通过维持NH4+-N终点50 mg/L， FA稳定在5.2 mg N/L， FNA得到有效抑制。结果表明，SAOA系统在进水COD/TN比为1.71时，进水COD/TN比为0.24 kg N/(m3·d)， TN去除率为94.14%；进水COD/TN比为1.71时，COD去除率为92.71%。宏基因组和酶分析显示了明显的生态分层：絮状生物量富含Kuenenia，而颗粒微环境则有利于氨氧化细菌（AOB），并伴有关键硝化和厌氧基因的上调。COD和NH4+-N去除的动力学分析揭示了从碳驱动到自养氮主导去除的特定阶段代谢转变。该研究为推进富氮和限碳废水的同时高效脱氮和脱碳提供了机制稳健和可扩展的控制范式。
{"title":"Integration of real-time NH4+-N control and spatial microbial engineering achieves high removals of nitrogen and carbon in a sequence anoxic-oxic-anoxic (SAOA) system","authors":"Chaolong Gao, Qianwen Sui, Qihe Tang, Junya Zhang, Bing Yan, Dawei Yu, Fumin Zuo, Shuanglin Gui, Zhibo Liu, Xiaoshan Hu, Yuansong Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134189","url":null,"abstract":"The imbalance among nitrite supply, nitrate accumulation and aeration demand poses significant challenges in single-stage partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) systems for stably treating high-strength anaerobically digested swine wastewater (ADSW) at low C/N ratio. Here, we propose a novel process that integrates real-time NH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>-N control with a floc-granule partitioned biomass architecture in a sequence anoxic–oxic-anoxic (SAOA) system to dynamically modulate free ammonia (FA) concentration while preventing free nitrous acid (FNA) inhibition. By maintaining an NH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>-N endpoint of 50 mg/L, FA was stabilized at 5.2 mg N/L, and FNA was effectively suppressed. Thus, the SAOA system achieved 94.14% TN removal at a loading rate of 0.24 kg N/(m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup>·d) and 92.71% COD at low influent COD/TN ratio of 1.71, respectively. Metagenomic and enzymatic profiling revealed a distinct ecological stratification: floccular biomass was enriched with <ce:italic>Candidatus</ce:italic> Kuenenia, whereas granular microenvironments favored ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), accompanied by the upregulation of key nitrification and anammox genes. Kinetic analysis of COD and NH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>-N removals revealed a stage-specific metabolic transition from carbon-driven to autotrophic nitrogen-dominated removal. This study provides mechanistically robust and scalable control paradigm for advancing simultaneous, high-efficiency nitrogen and carbon removal from nitrogen-rich and carbon-limited wastewater.","PeriodicalId":258,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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