IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119709

Sean M. Foradori , Katherine A. Su , James B. Unzaga , Abitha Dhavamani , Xiaoqi Zheng , Miguel A. Betancourt Ponce , Padma Gopalan , Michael S. Arnold

Wrapping polymers are useful for sorting high purity suspensions of semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in organic solvents, but for many microelectronic applications the wroapping polymer needs to be removed. Coating wrapped CNTs with yttrium metal, followed by oxidation and removal with dilute aqueous acid, has been used to etch wrapping polymer, but the mechanism, selectivity, extent of etching, and range of conditions over which etching occurs have not been reported. We use spectroscopic and physical measurements to characterize this process on thin films of an archetypical conjugated wrapping polymer (PFO-BPy), its amorphous char residue, CNTs (average diameter 1.5 nm), graphene, and other organic films. Exposure of a yttrium overcoated film of PFO-BPy to ambient air at 20 °C oxidizes a ∼0.5 nm layer of polymer, forming carbonate, carboxylate, and/or carbonyl groups that dissolve in dilute acid. Thicker layers of polymer are removed by repeated cycles. Similar results are observed for other organic films at 20 °C whereas CNTs and graphene are unaltered, providing the selectivity needed to remove carbon-based contaminants from sp² carbon based nanostructures. Increasing temperature to 250 °C increases polymer oxidation and removal to ∼2.5 nm per cycle; however, the CNTs and graphene are damaged.

包裹聚合物可用于在有机溶剂中分选高纯度的半导体碳纳米管（CNT）悬浮液，但在许多微电子应用中需要去除包裹聚合物。在包裹的碳纳米管上涂上金属钇，然后用稀释的水性酸进行氧化和去除，已被用于蚀刻包裹聚合物，但其机制、选择性、蚀刻程度以及发生蚀刻的条件范围尚未见报道。我们利用光谱和物理测量方法，对典型共轭包裹聚合物（PFO-BPy）薄膜、其无定形炭残留物、CNT（平均直径 1.5 纳米）、石墨烯和其他有机薄膜的蚀刻过程进行了表征。将 PFO-BPy 的钇涂层薄膜暴露在 20 °C 的环境空气中，会氧化 0.5 nm 的聚合物层，形成碳酸盐、羧酸盐和/或羰基，这些基团会溶解在稀酸中。反复循环可去除较厚的聚合物层。其他有机薄膜在 20 °C 下也能观察到类似的结果，而 CNT 和石墨烯却没有发生变化，这为从 sp2 碳基纳米结构中去除碳基污染物提供了所需的选择性。将温度升高到 250 °C，聚合物的氧化和去除率会增加到每周期 2.5 nm；但 CNT 和石墨烯会受到损坏。

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引用次数: 0

Z-scheme heterostructures confining rGO/protonated C3N5 junction supported CoCu LDH positive electrode and Fe3O4 negative electrode for supercapacitors 用于超级电容器的限制 rGO/ 质子化 C3N5 结支撑 CoCu LDH 正极和 Fe3O4 负极的 Z 型异质结构

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119683

Diab Khalafallah , Nura Ibrahim , Lawal Mohammed , Qinfang Zhang

CoCu LDH stabilized reduced graphene oxide-linked N-rich protonated C₃N₅ (Co_xCu_y@rGO/P–CN) as a power source Z-scheme nanocomposite was rationally tailored engineered an electrodeposition approach. The electrochemical performance was regulated by adjusting the electrodeposition potential and manipulating the Co/Cu molar ratio. Hence, affording compelling evidence for fine-tuning the performance of pseudo-active compounds. Benefiting from abundant heterointerfaces and synergistic effects between LDH nanoarrays and rGO/P–CN heterojunction, the hierarchical −1.2V Co₃Cu₁@rGO/P–CN Z-scheme positive electrode achieves a higher capacitance of 1184 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ and good rate capability performance. Theoretical simulation outcomes illustrate that the Co₃Cu₁@rGO/P–CN nanocomposite has higher electronic conductivity and superior electronic transition capability, originating from robust interactions between valence and conduction bands, interfacial charge transfer, and built-in electric field at the LDH/rGO/P–CN interface. We also explore the Fe₃O₄@rGO/P–CN Z-scheme as a negative electrode material via a simple annealing process with a capacitance of 402 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ and an enhanced cyclic performance. Consequently, the as-assembled −1.2V Co₃Cu₁@rGO/P–CN//Fe₃O₄@rGO/P–CN asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) cell acquires a remarkable energy density of 63.4 Wh kg⁻¹ at 750 W kg⁻¹ and displays an exceptional cycling activity with 88 % retention after 11,000 cycles.

通过电沉积方法合理地定制了钴铜LDH稳定的还原氧化石墨烯-富N质子化C3N5（CoxCuy@rGO/P-CN）作为动力源Z型纳米复合材料。通过调节电沉积电位和 Co/Cu 摩尔比来调节电化学性能。因此，这为微调伪活性化合物的性能提供了令人信服的证据。得益于丰富的异质界面以及 LDH 纳米阵列和 rGO/P-CN 异质结之间的协同效应，分层-1.2V Co3Cu1@rGO/P-CN Z 型正极在 1 A g-1 电流条件下获得了 1184 F g-1 的较高电容和良好的速率性能。理论模拟结果表明，Co3Cu1@rGO/P-CN 纳米复合材料具有更高的电子电导率和更优越的电子转换能力，这源于价带和导带之间强有力的相互作用、界面电荷转移以及 LDH/rGO/P-CN 界面的内置电场。我们还通过简单的退火工艺探索了 Fe3O4@rGO/P-CN Z 型作为负电极材料的可能性，其在 1 A g-1 时的电容为 402 F g-1，循环性能也有所提高。因此，组装好的 -1.2V Co3Cu1@rGO/P-CN//Fe3O4@rGO/P-CN 不对称超级电容器 (ASC) 电池在 750 W kg-1 的条件下获得了 63.4 Wh kg-1 的显著能量密度，并显示出卓越的循环活性，在 11,000 次循环后仍能保持 88% 的电容量。

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引用次数: 0

Improving photoexcited carrier separation through Z-scheme W18O49/BiOBr heterostructure coupling carbon quantum dots for efficient photoelectric response and tetracycline photodegradation 通过 Z 型 W18O49/BiOBr 异质结构耦合碳量子点改善光激发载流子分离，实现高效光电响应和四环素光降解

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119707

Weiwei Tie , Surjya Sarathi Bhattacharyya , Tianci Ma , Shuangyi Yuan , Minghan Chen , Weiwei He , Seung Hee Lee

Building Z-scheme heterostructure integrating oxygen vacancies seems to effectively encourage photoexcited charge partition and hence photoelectric response and photocatalytic performance. Here, through the inclusion of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with W₁₈O₄₉/BiOBr (WB) for enhancing electron exchange and band structure control, we have developed one Z-scheme ternary CQD/W₁₈O₄₉/BiOBr heterostructures (CWB) with intense oxygen vacancies. The optimal CWB heterostructure shows superior photocatalytic and photoelectric response execution. The findings indicate that CWB has higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) at 97 % compared to WB or W₁₈O₄₉ alone. Additionally, the CWB shows a higher photocurrent density, surpassing WB and W₁₈O₄₉ by 2.5 times and 5.4 times. A potential self-supplied photoelectrochemical-type photodetector utilizing CWB displays relatively quick and stable photoelectric response at 0 V. The improved photo-electric performance are linked to the combined impact of separation and redistribution of charges caused by Z-scheme heterostructure and oxygen vacancies, as well as intensive light absorbance by localized surface plasmon resonance. Our research also validates significance of CQDs as cocatalyst in accelerating the splitting of photo carriers in Z-scheme ternary CWB heterostructures, which will stimulate interest in creating advanced photoactive heterojunction substance with carbon nanomaterials.

构建集成氧空位的 Z 型异质结构似乎能有效促进光激发电荷分离，从而提高光电响应和光催化性能。在此，我们通过将碳量子点（CQDs）与 W18O49/BiOBr（WB）结合以增强电子交换和能带结构控制，开发了一种具有高氧空位的 Z 型三元 CQD/W18O49/BiOBr 异质结构（CWB）。最佳的 CWB 异质结构显示出卓越的光催化和光电响应执行能力。研究结果表明，与单独的 WB 或 W18O49 相比，CWB 对盐酸四环素（TC）的光催化降解效率高达 97%。此外，CWB 显示出更高的光电流密度，分别是 WB 和 W18O49 的 2.5 倍和 5.4 倍。光电性能的提高与 Z 型异质结构和氧空位导致的电荷分离和再分布以及局部表面等离子体共振产生的强光吸收的综合影响有关。我们的研究还验证了 CQDs 作为协同催化剂在 Z 型三元 CWB 异质结构中加速光载流子分裂的重要意义，这将激发人们对利用碳纳米材料创造先进的光活性异质结物质的兴趣。

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引用次数: 0

Controlling the emission colour and chemical structure of carbon dots by catalysis-tuned conversion of ortho-aminophenol 通过催化调整原氨基苯酚的转化控制碳点的发射颜色和化学结构

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119706

Junkai Ren , Kaiqi Ye , Henry Opoku , Zhiqiang Li , Ludvig Edman , Jia Wang

The synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) with tailored properties commonly requires time-consuming trial-and-error experimentation, in part because of a poorly understood and controlled chemical conversion of the precursor material. Here, we first report on the solid-state pyrolysis or solvothermal conversion of an ortho-aminophenol (oAP) precursor, comprising ortho-disposed amino and hydroxyl groups on a benzene ring. We find that both conversion reactions resulted in a two emission-colour product, which could be separated into distinct blue-emitting CDs (bCDs, λ_peak = 420 nm) and yellow-emitting CDs (yCDs, λ_peak = 565 nm) by repetitive column chromatography. Systematic characterization revealed that both CDs comprise a planar graphene-like interior, but that they are distinguished by that the bCDs comprise an intermixed significant amino-rich fluorophore while the yCDs instead comprise a pyridinic-rich fluorophore. This implies that the bCDs are formed via activation of the amino group of the oAP precursor, whereas the synthesis of the yCDs constituted a simultaneous activation of both the amino and hydroxyl groups. With this knowledge at hand, we managed to direct the chemical conversion of the oAP precursor to yield either solely bCDs or yCDs by adding a catalyst (either the Lewis acid AlCl₃·6H₂O or the Lewis base NaOH) that selectively and efficiently activated only one of the reaction pathways. This demonstration is important in that it shows that the synthesis of CDs with desired properties can be realized with efficient rational instead of trial-and-error means.

合成具有定制特性的碳点（CD）通常需要耗时的试错实验，部分原因是对前驱体材料的化学转化缺乏了解和控制。在此，我们首次报道了固态热解或溶解热转化邻氨基苯酚（oAP）前体的情况，邻氨基苯酚前体由苯环上正交分布的氨基和羟基组成。我们发现这两种转化反应都会产生两种发射颜色的产物，通过重复柱色谱法可将其分离为不同的蓝色发射光盘（bCDs，λ峰 = 420 nm）和黄色发射光盘（yCDs，λ峰 = 565 nm）。系统表征结果表明，这两种发光二极管都具有类似平面石墨烯的内部结构，但它们的区别在于，bCDs 包含一个混合的富含氨基的重要荧光团，而 yCDs 则包含一个富含吡啶的荧光团。这意味着 bCDs 是通过活化 oAP 前体的氨基形成的，而 yCDs 的合成则是同时活化氨基和羟基。有了这些知识，我们就可以通过添加催化剂（路易斯酸 AlCl3-6H2O 或路易斯碱 NaOH）来引导 oAP 前体的化学转化，从而只生成 bCDs 或 yCDs。该演示的重要意义在于它表明，可以通过高效合理的方法而不是反复试验的方法来合成具有所需性质的 CD。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting graphene production with population balance modelling 利用种群平衡建模预测石墨烯产量

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119687

Diego T. Perez-Alvarez , Sofia Marchesini , Keith R. Paton , Jack Sykes , Dawid Hampel , Jennifer Burt , Konstantinos Despotelis , Diogo Fernandes , Philip Davies , Christopher Windows-Yule , Tzany Kokalova Wheldon , Andrew J. Pollard , Jason Stafford

For sustainable production and industrial adoption of graphene and related two-dimensional materials, an important factor that has yet to be addressed is the ability to forecast material production under specific operating conditions. In this study, by monitoring changes in the distribution of graphite particles as they undergo breakup in a top-down liquid-phase exfoliation process, we show that statistical population balance models (PBM) are a feasible and effective solution for establishing yield and future production of graphene nanosheets, as well as other quantities of interest such as graphene nanoplatelets. A combination of laser diffraction and few-layer graphene concentration measurements are used to recover the material distribution and fit the PBM over all scales respectively. This fitted PBM can then be used to examine production over time, or coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance proton relaxation measurements to recover surface area scaling with particle size. Furthermore, to examine the dynamic process conditions inside the vessel, radioactively labelled graphite flakes and density-matched glass beads functioned as tracer particles for positron emission particle tracking during synthesis. This Lagrangian particle tracking technique can reconstruct the position of the tracer temporally, allowing for ergodic measurements of averaged quantities inside the exfoliating system. Collectively, these results and models provide insights on the breakage mechanisms and fluid dynamics that underpin exfoliation processes for two-dimensional materials, and provide direction for the intensification and optimisation of synthesis processes.

为了实现石墨烯及相关二维材料的可持续生产和工业应用，一个有待解决的重要因素是在特定操作条件下预测材料生产的能力。在本研究中，通过监测石墨颗粒在自上而下的液相剥离过程中发生破裂时的分布变化，我们发现统计种群平衡模型（PBM）是确定石墨烯纳米片以及石墨烯纳米小板等其他相关数量的产量和未来生产的可行且有效的解决方案。激光衍射和少层石墨烯浓度测量相结合，分别用于恢复材料分布和拟合所有尺度的 PBM。拟合后的 PBM 可用于检查随时间变化的生产情况，或与核磁共振质子弛豫测量相结合，恢复表面积与颗粒尺寸的比例关系。此外，为了检查容器内的动态工艺条件，在合成过程中，放射性标记的石墨片和密度匹配的玻璃珠可作为正电子发射粒子跟踪的示踪粒子。这种拉格朗日粒子跟踪技术可以在时间上重建示踪粒子的位置，从而对剥离系统内部的平均量进行遍历测量。总之，这些结果和模型为二维材料的剥离过程所依赖的断裂机制和流体动力学提供了见解，并为强化和优化合成过程提供了方向。

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引用次数: 0

Transition metal carbo chalcogenides: A novel family of 2D solid lubricants 过渡金属碳瑀：新型二维固体润滑剂系列

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119695

Philipp G. Grützmacher , Ahmad Majed , Edoardo Marquis , Xudong Sui , M. Clelia Righi , Markus Sauer , Annette Foelske , Michael Naguib , Carsten Gachot

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides (e.g., MoS₂, WS₂) and MXenes (e.g., Ti₃C₂T_x), as well as hybrids of these materials are the focus of current research in solid lubrication due to their outstanding performance. Transition metal carbo-chalcogenides (TMCCs), consisting of an MXene core and a TMD-like surface, represent an inherent combination of TMDs and MXenes without the need to construct hybrids out of the individual layers. Due to their layered structure and surface chemistry, favorable tribological properties can be expected from these novel materials. Here, multilayer Ta₂S₂C and Nb₂S₂C TMCCs are deposited solely as a powder onto a steel substrate and their tribological properties under linear sliding against different counterbodies, i.e., Al₂O₃, SiC, 100Cr6, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are discussed. Advanced materials characterization techniques are used to detect the presence of TMCCs inside the wear tracks and to reveal their 2D structure within the tribofilm. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) simulations are used to unravel the easy shearability of TMCCs at the nanoscale. The results demonstrate the great potential of this new 2D material family, which also offers many possibilities for defined tuning of the solid-solid interface.

二维（2D）层状材料，如过渡金属二钙化物（如 MoS2、WS2）和 MXenes（如 Ti3C2Tx），以及这些材料的混合物，因其卓越的性能而成为当前固体润滑研究的重点。过渡金属碳钙烯酸盐 (TMCC) 由一个 MXene 核心和一个类似于 TMD 的表面组成，是 TMD 和 MXenes 的固有组合，无需从单个层中构建混合物。由于其分层结构和表面化学性质，这些新型材料有望获得良好的摩擦学特性。本文讨论了将多层 Ta2S2C 和 Nb2S2C TMCC 仅作为粉末沉积到钢基体上，并讨论了它们在不同反面（即 Al2O3、SiC、100Cr6 和聚四氟乙烯 (PTFE)）的线性滑动下的摩擦学特性。先进的材料表征技术用于检测磨损轨道内是否存在 TMCC，并揭示其在三膜内的二维结构。最后，利用密度泛函理论（DFT）模拟揭示了 TMCC 在纳米尺度上的易剪切性。研究结果证明了这种新型二维材料家族的巨大潜力，同时也为定义调整固-固界面提供了多种可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication of PVC-based electromagnetic interference shielding composite film by positively charged SMA enhancing the dispersibility of carbon nanomaterial 利用带正电的 SMA 增强碳纳米材料的分散性，制备聚氯乙烯基电磁干扰屏蔽复合膜

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119701

Qingqing Qin , Yingmo Hu , Ning Sun , Ting Lei , Shuhao Qin , Yuanyuan Yang , Xiao Wu , Zhenyu Cui , Mingze An

To address the weak binding force and poor dispersion stability of carbon (C) nanoparticles in current non-covalent modification methods, we employed organic amine-grafted styrene maleic anhydride copolymers (SMA-N) to modify C nanoparticles (C@SMA-N) through π–π conjugation and positive charge interactions. The obtained C@SMA-N has excellent dispersion in N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), which is attributed to the enhanced steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion from the grafted organic amine chains. To study the impact of surface modification on the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), C@SMA-N was used as a conductive filler in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite films, which exhibits a higher EMI SE performance than pristine C nanoparticles. Particularly, the obtained C@SMA-N using polyether amine (PEA) (C@SMA-PEA) exhibits a better EMI SE performance. By optimizing the SMA-PEA grafting parameters, the PVC/C@SMA-PEA composite films transition from insulators to conductors at a C@SMA-PEA content of 0.3 wt%. To achieve a higher EMI SE performance, the filler content, mixed filler composition, and film thickness were optimized. The results indicate that with a total filler content of 20 wt% and a mixed filler comprising fibrous form carbon nanotubes (CNT) and particles form carbon black (CB) in a 10:1 mass ratio (CB@SMA-PEA to CNT@SMA-PEA), the composite film has a thickness of 0.08 mm and an EMI SE value of 20.2 dB. Increasing the thickness to 0.2 mm enhances the EMI SE value to 31.5 dB. These findings indicate that thinner films have a higher EMI SE performance and promising application prospects in the field of electromagnetic shielding.

针对目前非共价改性方法中碳纳米粒子结合力弱、分散稳定性差的问题，我们采用有机胺接枝苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物（SMA-N），通过π-π共轭和正电荷相互作用对碳纳米粒子（C@SMA-N）进行改性。获得的 C@SMA-N 在 N，N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMAc）中具有优异的分散性，这归因于接枝有机胺链增强了立体阻碍和静电排斥。为了研究表面改性对电磁干扰屏蔽效果（EMI SE）的影响，将 C@SMA-N 用作聚氯乙烯（PVC）复合薄膜的导电填料，其 EMI SE 性能高于原始 C 纳米粒子。特别是使用聚醚胺（PEA）获得的 C@SMA-N（C@SMA-PEA）具有更好的 EMI SE 性能。通过优化 SMA-PEA 接枝参数，在 C@SMA-PEA 含量为 0.3 wt% 时，PVC/C@SMA-PEA 复合薄膜从绝缘体转变为导体。为了获得更高的 EMI SE 性能，对填料含量、混合填料成分和薄膜厚度进行了优化。结果表明，当填料总含量为 20 wt%，混合填料包括纤维状碳纳米管（CNT）和颗粒状炭黑（CB），质量比为 10:1（CB@SMA-PEA 与 CNT@SMA-PEA）时，复合薄膜的厚度为 0.08 mm，EMI SE 值为 20.2 dB。厚度增加到 0.2 毫米后，EMI SE 值提高到 31.5 分贝。这些研究结果表明，更薄的薄膜具有更高的 EMI SE 性能，在电磁屏蔽领域具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Mesoporous carbon spheres modified with atomically dispersed iron sites for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption 用原子分散的铁位点修饰介孔碳球以实现高效电磁波吸收

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119699

Ying Su , Bin Jiang , Haochen Shen, Na Yang, Xiaowei Tantai, Xiaoming Xiao, Yongli Sun, Luhong Zhang

Carbon materials have obtained some achievements in electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption owing to their excellent electrical conductivity and low density. However, poor impedance matching and high electrical conductivity limit their EMW absorption properties. Metal single atoms absorbers have garnered considerable attention in EMW absorption, largely due to the high metal availability and special coordination structure, but the modulation of the EMW absorption properties still needs to be improved. Herein, atomically dispersed Fe sites embedded into the N-doped mesoporous carbon spheres (Fe–SAs/NC) were synthesized through a facile coordination-assisted polymerization assembly strategy without acid leaching treatment. Benefitting from abundant mesoporous structure, the Fe–SAs/NC displays large specific surface area (339 m² g⁻¹) and optimized impedance matching, which results in an effective reduction of the absorber density. The homogeneously dispersed Fe single atoms (Fe–SAs) on the carbon skeleton lead to the improvement in conduction and dipole polarization losses of Fe–SAs/NC, which endows Fe–SAs/NC with exceptional EMW absorption properties. Experimental results indicate that Fe–SAs/NC displays desirable EMW absorption properties with the minimal reflection loss of −52.5 dB at 2.8 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth of 4.8 GHz. The study provides valuable insights for the development of carbon materials modified with atomically dispersed metal sites to achieve high-efficient EMW absorbers.

由于碳材料具有出色的导电性和低密度，因此在电磁波吸收方面取得了一些成就。然而，阻抗匹配性差和高导电性限制了其电磁波吸收特性。金属单原子吸收体在电磁波吸收方面受到了广泛关注，这主要得益于其较高的金属可用性和特殊的配位结构，但其电磁波吸收特性的调制仍有待改进。本文通过一种无需酸浸处理的简便配位辅助聚合组装策略，合成了原子分散的嵌入 N 掺杂介孔碳球（Fe-SAs/NC）的铁位点。得益于丰富的介孔结构，Fe-SAs/NC 显示出较大的比表面积（339 m2 g-1）和优化的阻抗匹配，从而有效降低了吸收剂密度。碳骨架上均匀分散的铁单质原子（Fe-SAs）改善了 Fe-SAs/NC 的传导和偶极极化损耗，使 Fe-SAs/NC 具有优异的电磁波吸收特性。实验结果表明，Fe-SAs/NC 具有理想的电磁波吸收特性，在 2.8 毫米处的最小反射损耗为 -52.5 dB，有效吸收带宽为 4.8 GHz。这项研究为开发具有原子分散金属位点修饰的碳材料以实现高效电磁波吸收器提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Elucidating slipping behaviors between carbon nanotubes: Using nitrogen doping and electron irradiation to suppress slippage 阐明碳纳米管之间的滑动行为：利用氮掺杂和电子辐照抑制滑移

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119693

Samuel Jeong , Keisuke Higashitani , Tomoaki Kaneko , Tatsuya Yamada , Zhikai Li , Toshihiko Fujimori , Syogo Tejima , Jun-ichi Fujita

The slipping phenomenon of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nitrogen-doped CNTs (NCNTs) compromises their mechanical strength and potential applications. Elucidation of this microscopic phenomenon is essential for applying CNTs as high-strength materials. This study investigates the slip mechanisms in CNTs and NCNTs, with the aim of enhancing their mechanical properties. By combining various analytical techniques, we elucidated the adhesion and slipping behaviors of CNT bundles under various conditions. van der Waals forces were found to dominate the stick–slip phenomenon in stable CNT stacks. The introduction of amorphous carbon and subsequent electron irradiation led to the formation of stronger covalent bonds between the tubes, enhancing the mechanical resilience. Notably, NCNTs exhibited a higher frequency of covalent bond excitation by electron irradiation than CNTs. These findings indicate the crucial role of electron irradiation in strengthening the covalent bonds within CNT and NCNT bundles, marking a significant contribution to the mechanical applications of nanotechnology.

碳纳米管（CNTs）和掺氮碳纳米管（NCNTs）的滑移现象会影响其机械强度和潜在应用。阐明这种微观现象对于将碳纳米管用作高强度材料至关重要。本研究调查了 CNTs 和 NCNTs 的滑移机制，旨在提高它们的机械性能。通过结合各种分析技术，我们阐明了 CNT 束在各种条件下的粘附和滑动行为，发现在稳定的 CNT 堆中，范德华力主导着粘滑现象。无定形碳的引入和随后的电子辐照使管束之间形成了更强的共价键，从而增强了机械韧性。值得注意的是，与 CNT 相比，NCNT 在电子辐照下表现出更高的共价键激发频率。这些研究结果表明，电子辐照在加强 CNT 和 NCNT 束内共价键方面发挥了关键作用，为纳米技术的机械应用做出了重大贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Boosting through-plane electrical conductivity: chitosan composite films with carbon-sepiolite and multiwalled carbon nanotubes 提高通面导电性：壳聚糖与碳沸石和多壁碳纳米管的复合薄膜

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119691

Ana Barra , Nuno M. Ferreira , Fátima Poças , Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky , Cláudia Nunes , Paula Ferreira

Flexible and electrically conductive materials are gaining significant attention across various domains, notably in electronics, biomedicine and food industry. One promising strategy involves the integration of electrically conductive nanostructures into a polymeric matrix to fabricate composite materials. However, achieving uniform through-plane electrical conductivity remains a challenge due to the preferential alignment of carbon nanostructures in the in-plane direction. Herein, we report the development of electrically conductive chitosan (CS)-based biocomposite films incorporating a multicomponent filler system. By combining carbon supported on sepiolite clay (CARSEP) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), it is aimed to facilitate an interconnected distribution in both in-plane and through-plane directions. The optimized film, featuring a CS/CARSEP/MWCNT mass ratio of 50/40/10, exhibited a maximum electrical conductivity of 55.5 S/m and 0.1 S/m in the in-plane and through-plane directions, respectively. Additionally, migration studies demonstrated the absence of harmful compounds upon heating the film up to 60 °C in air, ethanol, or hexane. These findings highlight the potential of these flexible and electrically conductive biocomposite films, primarily composed of biobased materials, for applications requiring through-plane electrical conductivity.

柔性导电材料在各个领域，特别是电子、生物医学和食品工业领域，正受到越来越多的关注。一种前景广阔的策略是将导电纳米结构集成到聚合物基体中，以制造复合材料。然而，由于碳纳米结构在面内方向的优先排列，实现均匀的面内导电性仍然是一个挑战。在此，我们报告了基于壳聚糖（CS）的导电生物复合薄膜的开发情况，其中包含一种多组分填料系统。通过将海泡石粘土上的碳支撑（CARSEP）与多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）相结合，旨在促进平面内和通面方向的互连分布。优化后的薄膜（CS/CARSEP/MWCNT 质量比为 50/40/10）在面内和面外方向的最大导电率分别为 55.5 S/m 和 0.1 S/m。此外，迁移研究表明，在空气、乙醇或正己烷中将薄膜加热至 60 °C 时，不会产生有害化合物。这些发现凸显了这些主要由生物基材料组成的柔性导电生物复合薄膜在需要通面导电性的应用中的潜力。

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