Thermoelectric generators (TEG) integrated with high-performance photothermal conversion (PTC) materials represent a promising energy generation solution. This study addresses limitations of conventional metal nanoparticles and carbon-based PTC materials (e.g. low uptake, inflexibility) by developing flexible TiC nanofiber membranes (TC NFMs). These membranes consist of individual fibers with surface protrusions, which utilize the broadband absorption of TiC and multi-reflective light trapping within the fibrous network to achieve exceptional photothermal efficiency. Under laboratory conditions, the TCSP module (TC NFMs coupled with TEG) exhibits a 22-fold increase in maximum power density (Pmax) at 1 sun illumination compared to bare TEG. And 4 series-connected TCSP modules (TC4SP) under 2 sun are capable of powering fans, multi-color LEDs, and commercial neon signs when integrated with a boost converter. In actual outdoor, 20 series-connected modules (TC20SP) can directly drive a fan at sunny noon (∼1 sun), and enable mobile phone charging when connected to a booster module. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic surface enables the TCSP to achieve self-cleaning functionality in practical applications without affecting its light-absorbing performance. This work provides a novel strategy for efficient solar energy utilization and green power generation.
{"title":"Titanium carbide nanofiber membranes with superior photothermal conversion for high-efficiency sunlight-driven thermoelectric generators","authors":"Jinzheng Shi, Weiwei Qin, Yunguang Yin, Yifan Wang, Yunxiao Li, Xinqiang Wang, Benxue Liu, Guanghui Zhang, Yongshuai Xie, Luyi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.11.426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.11.426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermoelectric generators (TEG) integrated with high-performance photothermal conversion (PTC) materials represent a promising energy generation solution. This study addresses limitations of conventional metal nanoparticles and carbon-based PTC materials (e.g. low uptake, inflexibility) by developing flexible TiC nanofiber membranes (TC NFMs). These membranes consist of individual fibers with surface protrusions, which utilize the broadband absorption of TiC and multi-reflective light trapping within the fibrous network to achieve exceptional photothermal efficiency. Under laboratory conditions, the TCSP module (TC NFMs coupled with TEG) exhibits a 22-fold increase in maximum power density (P<sub>max</sub>) at 1 sun illumination compared to bare TEG. And 4 series-connected TCSP modules (TC4SP) under 2 sun are capable of powering fans, multi-color LEDs, and commercial neon signs when integrated with a boost converter. In actual outdoor, 20 series-connected modules (TC20SP) can directly drive a fan at sunny noon (∼1 sun), and enable mobile phone charging when connected to a booster module. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic surface enables the TCSP to achieve self-cleaning functionality in practical applications without affecting its light-absorbing performance. This work provides a novel strategy for efficient solar energy utilization and green power generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 1715-1725"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.010
Yu Liu , Xin Zeng , Feng Xu , Hongyu Liu , Yujie Wei , Lei Shi , Bingjie Han , Ying Lv
Although Mn4+-activated red oxide phosphors with broadband red emission can provide part of the red light required for plant growth, their low spectral matching degree limits further application. This study systematically investigates the synthesis, structural analysis, luminescent properties, and plant lighting application of CaInMgSbO6:Mn4+ (CIMS:Mn4+), a broadband deep-red emission luminescent material. Under near-ultraviolet (NUV) excitation, CIMS:Mn4+ exhibits broadband deep-red emission with a central wavelength of approximately 667 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 55.2 nm. The research revealed that the sample exhibits the strongest luminescence when the Mn4+ doping concentration (x) is 0.0035 and exhibits good thermal stability, maintaining over 55 % of its luminescent intensity at 423 K. The spectrum of the phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) device packaged with this material is highly matched with the absorption peaks of plant phytochromes. A supplementary lighting experiment with Epipremnum aureum as the test plant demonstrated that the CIMS:Mn4+-based LED light source can facilitate plant growth by effectively promoting an increase in leaf area, which verifies its practical application potential in plant factories and facility agriculture.
{"title":"Preparation and application in plant growth lighting of CaInMgSbO6:Mn4+ phosphor with broadband deep-red emission","authors":"Yu Liu , Xin Zeng , Feng Xu , Hongyu Liu , Yujie Wei , Lei Shi , Bingjie Han , Ying Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although Mn<sup>4+</sup>-activated red oxide phosphors with broadband red emission can provide part of the red light required for plant growth, their low spectral matching degree limits further application. This study systematically investigates the synthesis, structural analysis, luminescent properties, and plant lighting application of CaInMgSbO<sub>6</sub>:Mn<sup>4+</sup> (CIMS:Mn<sup>4+</sup>), a broadband deep-red emission luminescent material. Under near-ultraviolet (NUV) excitation, CIMS:Mn<sup>4+</sup> exhibits broadband deep-red emission with a central wavelength of approximately 667 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 55.2 nm. The research revealed that the sample exhibits the strongest luminescence when the Mn<sup>4+</sup> doping concentration (<em>x</em>) is 0.0035 and exhibits good thermal stability, maintaining over 55 <strong>%</strong> of its luminescent intensity at 423 K. The spectrum of the phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) device packaged with this material is highly matched with the absorption peaks of plant phytochromes. A supplementary lighting experiment with <em>Epipremnum aureum</em> as the test plant demonstrated that the CIMS:Mn<sup>4+</sup>-based LED light source can facilitate plant growth by effectively promoting an increase in leaf area, which verifies its practical application potential in plant factories and facility agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 1904-1910"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.036
Jiao Yang , Xiaochuan Huang , Qiang He , Donghui Wang , Jingkai Nie , Yu han , Fangfang Wang , Zhuangzhuang Zhang , Erqiang Chen , Zhen Xu , Han Zhao , Jian Zhou , Ran Xu
A linear dielectric is characterized by a linear relationship between polarization and electric field. Bi-based pyrochlore (Bi1.5Zn0.5)(Zn0.5Nb1.5)O7 ceramics have been extensively studied due to their ultra-low dielectric loss, moderate dielectric constant, and relatively low sintered temperature. However, most studies have been conducted on samples prepared by cold isostatic pressing, a method that results in ceramic samples with lower density compared to those fabricated via roll-forming. Therefore, this study employed the roll-forming method to fabricate BZN ceramic thick films (∼100 μm) and investigated their dielectric temperature stability and energy storage properties at various sintered temperatures. The study results demonstrate that BZN ceramics can be sintered below 1000 °C without the need for sintering aids (e.g., glass). Moreover, the BZN sample sintered at 980 °C exhibits a high dielectric constant (∼156), an extremely low dielectric loss (<0.0002), and excellent energy storage properties. It maintains linear behavior even under an electric field of 450 kV/cm, with η > 98.5 % and Wrec = 1.7068 J/cm3. Furthermore, the pulse charge-discharge performance of the BZN-980 ceramic sample was also investigated. These results establish a solid foundation for the application of BZN ceramics and provide valuable insights for subsequent research.
{"title":"Dielectric and energy storage properties of BZN ceramics fabricated by roll-forming","authors":"Jiao Yang , Xiaochuan Huang , Qiang He , Donghui Wang , Jingkai Nie , Yu han , Fangfang Wang , Zhuangzhuang Zhang , Erqiang Chen , Zhen Xu , Han Zhao , Jian Zhou , Ran Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A linear dielectric is characterized by a linear relationship between polarization and electric field. Bi-based pyrochlore (Bi<sub>1</sub>.<sub>5</sub>Zn<sub>0</sub>.<sub>5</sub>)(Zn<sub>0</sub>.<sub>5</sub>Nb<sub>1</sub>.<sub>5</sub>)O<sub>7</sub> ceramics have been extensively studied due to their ultra-low dielectric loss, moderate dielectric constant, and relatively low sintered temperature. However, most studies have been conducted on samples prepared by cold isostatic pressing, a method that results in ceramic samples with lower density compared to those fabricated via roll-forming. Therefore, this study employed the roll-forming method to fabricate BZN ceramic thick films (∼100 μm) and investigated their dielectric temperature stability and energy storage properties at various sintered temperatures. The study results demonstrate that BZN ceramics can be sintered below 1000 °C without the need for sintering aids (e.g., glass). Moreover, the BZN sample sintered at 980 °C exhibits a high dielectric constant (∼156), an extremely low dielectric loss (<0.0002), and excellent energy storage properties. It maintains linear behavior even under an electric field of 450 kV/cm, with <em>η</em> > 98.5 % and <em>W</em><sub>rec</sub> = 1.7068 J/cm<sup>3</sup>. Furthermore, the pulse charge-discharge performance of the BZN-980 ceramic sample was also investigated. These results establish a solid foundation for the application of BZN ceramics and provide valuable insights for subsequent research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 2139-2146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Within diversified energy storage technologies, electrostatic capacitors stand out as a pivotal option for transient energy storage due to their high efficiency and rapid response. Their ability to store and release substantial energy on a millisecond timescale is crucial for transient, high-power-demand applications such as laser systems and pulsed power devices. In this study, BiFeO3 (BF)-doped Bi4.25La0.75Mg0.5Ti3.5O15 (BLMT) thin films were prepared via a sol-gel process combined with rapid thermal processing. Optimal BF doping (x = 0.06) was found to refine the microstructure and tailor the electrical properties, thereby enhancing both switchable polarization and dielectric breakdown strength. Consequently, the optimized films achieve a high recoverable energy density (Wrec) of 57.07 J/cm3 and an energy storage efficiency (η) of 65.8 % under high electric fields. Furthermore, they exhibit excellent reliability, maintaining stable performance over 105 charge–discharge cycles, across a wide frequency range (100–8000 Hz), and within an extended temperature window (20–140 °C). These findings demonstrate that BF doping can significantly improve the energy storage capability of Aurivillius-phase thin films through the simultaneous optimization of structural and electrical characteristics.
{"title":"Aurivillius-based thin films with improved energy storage performance via BiFeO3 doping","authors":"Zhangzong Liu, Jinsong Qi, Jianxu Hu, Jinjun Liu, Haiping Xia, Zhongbin Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within diversified energy storage technologies, electrostatic capacitors stand out as a pivotal option for transient energy storage due to their high efficiency and rapid response. Their ability to store and release substantial energy on a millisecond timescale is crucial for transient, high-power-demand applications such as laser systems and pulsed power devices. In this study, BiFeO<sub>3</sub> (BF)-doped Bi<sub>4.25</sub>La<sub>0.75</sub>Mg<sub>0.5</sub>Ti<sub>3.5</sub>O<sub>15</sub> (BLMT) thin films were prepared via a sol-gel process combined with rapid thermal processing. Optimal BF doping (x = 0.06) was found to refine the microstructure and tailor the electrical properties, thereby enhancing both switchable polarization and dielectric breakdown strength. Consequently, the optimized films achieve a high recoverable energy density (<em>W</em><sub>rec</sub>) of 57.07 J/cm<sup>3</sup> and an energy storage efficiency (<em>η</em>) of 65.8 % under high electric fields. Furthermore, they exhibit excellent reliability, maintaining stable performance over 10<sup>5</sup> charge–discharge cycles, across a wide frequency range (100–8000 Hz), and within an extended temperature window (20–140 °C). These findings demonstrate that BF doping can significantly improve the energy storage capability of Aurivillius-phase thin films through the simultaneous optimization of structural and electrical characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 2086-2093"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.054
Chao Yuan , Chaoyu Qin , Zhifeng Zhang , Fabin Cao , Ningning Lv , Weiming Liu
In this paper, a series of Mg1.6K0.2Gd0.2Al4Si5O18: xEu2+/3+ K-cordierite-based tunable phosphors were successfully prepared via the high-temperature melting-quenching method combined with glass relaxation crystallization. The effects of regulating heat-treatment temperature, reducing the (CO)/air (O2) atmosphere, and varying the Eu-doping concentration on the phase transition behavior of the matrix were systematically investigated using XRD, XPS, EPR, and PL spectra. Furthermore, the regulatory mechanism of oxygen vacancies () and magnesium vacancies () on Eu2+/Eu3+ occupancy luminescence in the multiple cation sites K-cordierite phase was deeply elucidated. It was investigated that the directional phase transition of the sample matrix along PG (K)→μ-cordierite (K)→K-cordierite can be achieved by regulating the heat treatment temperature. Under the CO atmosphere, CO reacted with lattice oxygen to induce the formation of , which in turn regulated Eu2+ occupancy luminescence. Under the air (O2) atmosphere, the non-equivalent replacement of Mg2+ by Eu3+ introduced , which dominated Eu3+ occupancy luminescence. Through the charge effect and spatial effect of and , the Eu2+/Eu3+ selective occupancy luminescence in K-cordierite was realized. This provided an important theoretical basis for the structural design of materials with controllable occupancy luminescence of rare earth ions.
本文采用高温熔淬法结合玻璃弛豫结晶，成功制备了Mg1.6K0.2Gd0.2Al4Si5O18: xEu2+/3+ k -堇青石基可调荧光粉。采用XRD、XPS、EPR和PL光谱系统研究了热处理温度调节、CO / O2气氛还原和eu掺杂浓度变化对基体相变行为的影响。进一步深入阐明了氧空位（VO··）和镁空位（VMg″）对多阳离子位k -堇青石相中Eu2+/Eu3+占位发光的调控机制。研究了通过调节热处理温度可以实现试样基体沿PG (K)→μ-堇青石(K)→K-堇青石的定向相变。在CO气氛下，CO与晶格氧反应生成VO··，从而调控Eu2+的占位发光。在空气（O2）气氛下，Eu3+对Mg2+的非等效取代引入了VMg″，并主导了Eu3+的占位发光。通过VO··和VMg″的电荷效应和空间效应，实现了k -堇青石中Eu2+/Eu3+的选择性占位发光。这为稀土离子可控占用发光材料的结构设计提供了重要的理论依据。
{"title":"Oxygen vacancy/Mg vacancy promoting Eu2+/3+ selective occupancy luminescence in polycationic-site K-cordierite","authors":"Chao Yuan , Chaoyu Qin , Zhifeng Zhang , Fabin Cao , Ningning Lv , Weiming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a series of Mg<sub>1.6</sub>K<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Al<sub>4</sub>Si<sub>5</sub>O<sub>18</sub>: xEu<sup>2+/3+</sup> K-cordierite-based tunable phosphors were successfully prepared via the high-temperature melting-quenching method combined with glass relaxation crystallization. The effects of regulating heat-treatment temperature, reducing the (CO)/air (O<sub>2</sub>) atmosphere, and varying the Eu-doping concentration on the phase transition behavior of the matrix were systematically investigated using XRD, XPS, EPR, and PL spectra. Furthermore, the regulatory mechanism of oxygen vacancies (<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>V</mi><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>·</mo><mo>·</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>) and magnesium vacancies (<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>V</mi><mtext>Mg</mtext><mo>″</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>) on Eu<sup>2+</sup>/Eu<sup>3+</sup> occupancy luminescence in the multiple cation sites K-cordierite phase was deeply elucidated. It was investigated that the directional phase transition of the sample matrix along PG (K)→μ-cordierite (K)→K-cordierite can be achieved by regulating the heat treatment temperature. Under the CO atmosphere, CO reacted with lattice oxygen to induce the formation of <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>V</mi><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>·</mo><mo>·</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, which in turn regulated Eu<sup>2+</sup> occupancy luminescence. Under the air (O<sub>2</sub>) atmosphere, the non-equivalent replacement of Mg<sup>2+</sup> by Eu<sup>3+</sup> introduced <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>V</mi><mtext>Mg</mtext><mo>″</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, which dominated Eu<sup>3+</sup> occupancy luminescence. Through the charge effect and spatial effect of <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>V</mi><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>·</mo><mo>·</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>V</mi><mtext>Mg</mtext><mo>″</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, the Eu<sup>2+</sup>/Eu<sup>3+</sup> selective occupancy luminescence in K-cordierite was realized. This provided an important theoretical basis for the structural design of materials with controllable occupancy luminescence of rare earth ions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 2361-2373"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.056
Mengchao Shen , Li Li , Mengnan Zhai , Zhongmin Cao , Xianju Zhou , Xiantong Tang , Yongjie Wang , Huajing Gao , Xiaobing Luo , Yongbin Hua
The research on near-infrared (NIR) luminescent materials faces core challenges of expanding the spectrum to longer wavelengths, especially in the full-range NIR-I region (700–1100 nm). To this end, this study proposed a co-doping strategy of Cr3+ and Yb3+ via constructing a high-efficiency energy transfer bridge. The dual activators were successfully introduced into the garnet structure matrix Ca2GdGa3Ge2O12 (CGGGO). Interestingly, compared with the sample doped with Cr3+ only, the sample co-doped with Cr3+ and Yb3+ not only makes the emission spectrum cover the entire NIR-I region, but also significantly enhances the thermal stability. The phosphor was integrated with a commercial 450 nm blue light chip to prepare a broadband NIR phosphorescent conversion light-emitting diode (pc-LED), and its application potential in biological imaging, nondestructive testing, and other fields was systematically explored. This study provides a new idea for solving the contradiction between wavelength tuning and thermal stability of NIR-I luminescent materials, and lays a material foundation for the practical development of NIR optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Energy transfer-induced full-range NIR-I region garnet phosphors with excellent thermal quenching resistance","authors":"Mengchao Shen , Li Li , Mengnan Zhai , Zhongmin Cao , Xianju Zhou , Xiantong Tang , Yongjie Wang , Huajing Gao , Xiaobing Luo , Yongbin Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research on near-infrared (NIR) luminescent materials faces core challenges of expanding the spectrum to longer wavelengths, especially in the full-range NIR-I region (700–1100 nm). To this end, this study proposed a co-doping strategy of Cr<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> via constructing a high-efficiency energy transfer bridge. The dual activators were successfully introduced into the garnet structure matrix Ca<sub>2</sub>GdGa<sub>3</sub>Ge<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (CGGGO). Interestingly, compared with the sample doped with Cr<sup>3+</sup> only, the sample co-doped with Cr<sup>3+</sup> and Yb<sup>3+</sup> not only makes the emission spectrum cover the entire NIR-I region, but also significantly enhances the thermal stability. The phosphor was integrated with a commercial 450 nm blue light chip to prepare a broadband NIR phosphorescent conversion light-emitting diode (pc-LED), and its application potential in biological imaging, nondestructive testing, and other fields was systematically explored. This study provides a new idea for solving the contradiction between wavelength tuning and thermal stability of NIR-I luminescent materials, and lays a material foundation for the practical development of NIR optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 2382-2391"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.057
Xiulin Shen , Xu Lu , Chong Lan , Junyi Qi , Xuejia Zhang , Ge Gao , Zhenfei Lv
N-doped waste saturated wood-based activated carbon (SWAC) has exhibited exciting electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance due to improved dielectric loss. By synergizing magnetic losses, SWAC-based materials are expected to perform enhanced EMW absorption properties. MnFe2O4@SWAC composites with varying Mn2+:Fe3+ precursor molar ratios were fabricated by decorating MnFe2O4 nanoparticles onto SWAC via a facile solvothermal method, which demonstrated significantly enhanced EMW absorption performance. Notably, when a filler loading of 25 wt% was used, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) value of the composite prepared with a Mn2+:Fe3+ molar ratio of 2.5:5 was -62.13 dB, and its effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reached 2.32 GHz at a thickness of 3.04 mm. This work demonstrates an effective strategy to enhance EMW absorption by leveraging the synergistic dielectric and magnetic losses in SWAC waste, thereby providing a high value-added utilization approach for SWAC waste.
{"title":"Integrated MnFe2O4 nanoparticles on waste-derived N-doped porous carbon for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Xiulin Shen , Xu Lu , Chong Lan , Junyi Qi , Xuejia Zhang , Ge Gao , Zhenfei Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N-doped waste saturated wood-based activated carbon (SWAC) has exhibited exciting electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance due to improved dielectric loss. By synergizing magnetic losses, SWAC-based materials are expected to perform enhanced EMW absorption properties. MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SWAC composites with varying Mn<sup>2+</sup>:Fe<sup>3+</sup> precursor molar ratios were fabricated by decorating MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles onto SWAC via a facile solvothermal method, which demonstrated significantly enhanced EMW absorption performance. Notably, when a filler loading of 25 wt% was used, the minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) value of the composite prepared with a Mn<sup>2+</sup>:Fe<sup>3+</sup> molar ratio of <strong>2.5:5</strong> was <strong>-62.13 dB</strong>, and its effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reached <strong>2.32 GHz</strong> at a thickness of 3.04 <strong>mm</strong>. This work demonstrates an effective strategy to enhance EMW absorption by leveraging the synergistic dielectric and magnetic losses in SWAC waste, thereby providing a high value-added utilization approach for SWAC waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 2392-2402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.11.071
Songbai Yu , Wenmin Guo , Xiaopeng Zhao , Zhanhu Yao , Fanlu Min , Haoli Jiang , Jianfeng Zhang
High-performance coarse-grained cemented carbides prepared with sintering aids are used in tunnel excavation, oil and gas exploration, and mining projects. This study reports the development of a new additive, fine WC powder with a mean particle size of 0.76 μm (WCF) coated with Co and composited with La2O3 nanoparticles (abbreviated as (WCF/4La2O3)@10Co). This additive was then used to densify and improve the mechanical properties of coarse-grained WC-Co cemented carbides. The results indicated that the (WCF/4La2O3)@10Co affected the sintering kinetic parameters such as uniaxial viscosity, sintering stress, and the viscous Poisson's ratio. It also promoted the sintering of solid phase, intermediate phase, and liquid phases by enhancing Co diffusion, Co melting and WC grain rearrangement. The combined action of WCF, La2O3 and coated Co particles increased the density of the coarse-grained cemented carbide to 99.5 %. The uniformly dispersed La2O3 particles also prevented Co from transforming from a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure to a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure and also inhibited abnormal WC grains coarsening. The WC-Co cemented carbides with the (WCF/4La2O3)@10Co additive showed better mechanical properties than similar materials reported in literature. Amond them, the WC-Co cemented carbide with 11.11 wt% (WCF/4La2O3)@10Co exhibited an optimal balance between hardness and toughness, with values of 1017 HV30 and 23.8 MPa m1/2, respectively. The mechanisms by which (WCF/4La2O3)@10Co improved the mechanical properties included WC grain refinement and toughening of flexible face-centered cubic structure of Co. This work presentes a sintering aid that improved microstructure and mechanical properties.
{"title":"Effects of a new (WCF/4La2O3)@10Co additive on densification behavior and properties of coarse-grained WC-10Co cemented carbide","authors":"Songbai Yu , Wenmin Guo , Xiaopeng Zhao , Zhanhu Yao , Fanlu Min , Haoli Jiang , Jianfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.11.071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.11.071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-performance coarse-grained cemented carbides prepared with sintering aids are used in tunnel excavation, oil and gas exploration, and mining projects. This study reports the development of a new additive, fine WC powder with a mean particle size of 0.76 μm (WC<sub>F</sub>) coated with Co and composited with La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles (abbreviated as (WC<sub>F</sub>/4La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)@10Co). This additive was then used to densify and improve the mechanical properties of coarse-grained WC-Co cemented carbides. The results indicated that the (WC<sub>F</sub>/4La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)@10Co affected the sintering kinetic parameters such as uniaxial viscosity, sintering stress, and the viscous Poisson's ratio. It also promoted the sintering of solid phase, intermediate phase, and liquid phases by enhancing Co diffusion, Co melting and WC grain rearrangement. The combined action of WC<sub>F</sub>, La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and coated Co particles increased the density of the coarse-grained cemented carbide to 99.5 %. The uniformly dispersed La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles also prevented Co from transforming from a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure to a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure and also inhibited abnormal WC grains coarsening. The WC-Co cemented carbides with the (WC<sub>F</sub>/4La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)@10Co additive showed better mechanical properties than similar materials reported in literature. Amond them, the WC-Co cemented carbide with 11.11 wt% (WC<sub>F</sub>/4La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)@10Co exhibited an optimal balance between hardness and toughness, with values of 1017 HV<sub>30</sub> and 23.8 MPa m<sup>1/2</sup>, respectively. The mechanisms by which (WC<sub>F</sub>/4La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)@10Co improved the mechanical properties included WC grain refinement and toughening of flexible face-centered cubic structure of Co. This work presentes a sintering aid that improved microstructure and mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 1427-1441"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.019
Nandita Suresh , Vishnupriya K. Sweety , Namrata Suresh , Amartya Raj Suraj , Tuomas Waltimo , Sukumaran Anil
Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is a calcium phosphate bioceramic that constitutes approximately 70 % of the mineral phase in bone and teeth, making it a critical biomaterial for clinical applications. While synthetic hydroxyapatite has demonstrated clinical success, its limitations, including energy-intensive production processes, suboptimal crystallinity, and reduced biological activity compared to biogenic alternatives, have driven the investigation of naturally derived sources. This review aims to provide a quantitative comparison of natural HAp sources and extraction methods, critically evaluate biomedical applications with performance metrics, assess toxicological and regulatory challenges, and establish specific research priorities for clinical translation. Natural sources, including mammalian bone (bovine, porcine), marine resources (fish scales, fish bone), avian eggshells, and marine corals, yield HAp with inherent trace element substitutions (Mg2+, Sr2+, Na+, CO32−) and hierarchical micro-nanostructures that more closely approximate native bone composition, potentially enhancing osteoconductivity, osteointegration, and remodeling kinetics. We systematically analyze extraction protocols (thermal decomposition, alkaline hydrolysis, subcritical water processing), evaluate clinical applications spanning bone regeneration, periodontal therapy, and controlled drug delivery, and critically assess barriers including batch-to-batch variability, pathogen transmission risks, and regulatory complexities. Emerging strategies encompass green extraction technologies, surface functionalization with bioactive molecules, composite fabrication with synthetic polymers, and integration with additive manufacturing for patient-specific implants. This review identifies knowledge gaps in long-term biocompatibility, degradation kinetics, and clinical translation, providing a roadmap for advancing natural hydroxyapatite toward standardized, sustainable biomedical applications.
{"title":"NATURAL sources of hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications","authors":"Nandita Suresh , Vishnupriya K. Sweety , Namrata Suresh , Amartya Raj Suraj , Tuomas Waltimo , Sukumaran Anil","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca<sub>10</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>) is a calcium phosphate bioceramic that constitutes approximately 70 % of the mineral phase in bone and teeth, making it a critical biomaterial for clinical applications. While synthetic hydroxyapatite has demonstrated clinical success, its limitations, including energy-intensive production processes, suboptimal crystallinity, and reduced biological activity compared to biogenic alternatives, have driven the investigation of naturally derived sources. This review aims to provide a quantitative comparison of natural HAp sources and extraction methods, critically evaluate biomedical applications with performance metrics, assess toxicological and regulatory challenges, and establish specific research priorities for clinical translation. Natural sources, including mammalian bone (bovine, porcine), marine resources (fish scales, fish bone), avian eggshells, and marine corals, yield HAp with inherent trace element substitutions (Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup>) and hierarchical micro-nanostructures that more closely approximate native bone composition, potentially enhancing osteoconductivity, osteointegration, and remodeling kinetics. We systematically analyze extraction protocols (thermal decomposition, alkaline hydrolysis, subcritical water processing), evaluate clinical applications spanning bone regeneration, periodontal therapy, and controlled drug delivery, and critically assess barriers including batch-to-batch variability, pathogen transmission risks, and regulatory complexities. Emerging strategies encompass green extraction technologies, surface functionalization with bioactive molecules, composite fabrication with synthetic polymers, and integration with additive manufacturing for patient-specific implants. This review identifies knowledge gaps in long-term biocompatibility, degradation kinetics, and clinical translation, providing a roadmap for advancing natural hydroxyapatite toward standardized, sustainable biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 1383-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study proposes a femtosecond laser-based joining method for SiC ceramics through longitudinal-transverse bidirectional surface modification, achieving high-efficiency bonding with AZ91D magnesium alloy. Process parameters of femtosecond laser modification were optimized to control SiC surface characteristics (morphology, chemistry, wettability), enabling tailored microstructure and mechanical properties in SiC/AZ91D liquid-solid composite joints, while the underlying bonding mechanism was elucidated. The femtosecond laser bidirectional (longitudinal-transverse) processing generated grid-like periodic groove structures on the ceramic surface, increasing the bonding area with molten magnesium alloy and creating a mechanical interlocking effect. Simultaneously, laser ablation decomposed the SiC surface, forming a recast layer containing free Si atoms and SiO2. This enhanced wettability and promoted interfacial reactions between Mg and free Si/SiO2, forming interfacial products such as Mg2Si, thereby facilitating bonding; Femtosecond laser modification provides short-circuit diffusion pathways such as microcracks and new phase interfaces, which reduce the diffusion activation energy and enhance interfacial diffusion rates. During elemental diffusion, the microcracks self-heal, thereby improving interfacial bonding characteristics and enhancing the mechanical properties of the joint. As a result, the liquid-solid composite joint exhibited approximately 32.4 % higher strength compared to unmodified joints.
{"title":"Liquid-solid composite interface regulation of SiC-AZ91D based on femtosecond laser surface modification","authors":"Deku Zhang, Qi Hang, Yuan Feng, Kehong Wang, Sihao Xiu, Xiaopeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.10.351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.10.351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a femtosecond laser-based joining method for SiC ceramics through longitudinal-transverse bidirectional surface modification, achieving high-efficiency bonding with AZ91D magnesium alloy. Process parameters of femtosecond laser modification were optimized to control SiC surface characteristics (morphology, chemistry, wettability), enabling tailored microstructure and mechanical properties in SiC/AZ91D liquid-solid composite joints, while the underlying bonding mechanism was elucidated. The femtosecond laser bidirectional (longitudinal-transverse) processing generated grid-like periodic groove structures on the ceramic surface, increasing the bonding area with molten magnesium alloy and creating a mechanical interlocking effect. Simultaneously, laser ablation decomposed the SiC surface, forming a recast layer containing free Si atoms and SiO<sub>2</sub>. This enhanced wettability and promoted interfacial reactions between Mg and free Si/SiO<sub>2</sub>, forming interfacial products such as Mg<sub>2</sub>Si, thereby facilitating bonding; Femtosecond laser modification provides short-circuit diffusion pathways such as microcracks and new phase interfaces, which reduce the diffusion activation energy and enhance interfacial diffusion rates. During elemental diffusion, the microcracks self-heal, thereby improving interfacial bonding characteristics and enhancing the mechanical properties of the joint. As a result, the liquid-solid composite joint exhibited approximately 32.4 % higher strength compared to unmodified joints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 2","pages":"Pages 1413-1426"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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