Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.203
Peipei Niu , Li Li , Chaohui Zhang , Weijie Li , Yang Zheng , Yuwen Peng , Mengnan Zhai , Hongwei Xu , Quan Liu
Near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) exhibit considerable potential for diverse applications. Nonetheless, the development of novel NIR phosphors for NIR pc-LED that concurrently deliver high efficiency, broad emission spectra, and environmental compatibility remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a series of Fe3+-activated and F−-doped double-perovskite phosphors, specifically CaLaMg0.98SbO6-x/2Fx: 0.02Fe3+ were successfully synthesized to examine the regulation of Fe3+ luminescence through anion substitution. Experimental results demonstrate that F− ions effectively substitute for O2− in the crystal lattice, leading to the formation of oxygen vacancies for charge compensation and enhancing the crystal field environment through the reinforcement of Sb - (O, F) bonds. Upon excitation at 310 nm in the ultraviolet (UV) region, the phosphors exhibit a broad NIR emission centered at 994 nm with a full width at half maximum of 170 nm. A NIR pc-LED device was fabricated using this phosphor to explore the multifunctional applications. This investigation confirms that F− doping serves as an effective strategy to tailor the NIR luminescent properties of Fe3+, thereby providing new insights for the exploration of high-performance and environmentally benign NIR phosphors.
{"title":"Anion substitution strategy for regulating crystal field and boosting NIR emission in Fe3+-doped double perovskite phosphors","authors":"Peipei Niu , Li Li , Chaohui Zhang , Weijie Li , Yang Zheng , Yuwen Peng , Mengnan Zhai , Hongwei Xu , Quan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) exhibit considerable potential for diverse applications. Nonetheless, the development of novel NIR phosphors for NIR pc-LED that concurrently deliver high efficiency, broad emission spectra, and environmental compatibility remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a series of Fe<sup>3+</sup>-activated and F<sup>−</sup>-doped double-perovskite phosphors, specifically CaLaMg<sub>0.98</sub>SbO<sub>6-<em>x</em>/2</sub>F<sub><em>x</em></sub>: 0.02Fe<sup>3+</sup> were successfully synthesized to examine the regulation of Fe<sup>3+</sup> luminescence through anion substitution. Experimental results demonstrate that F<sup>−</sup> ions effectively substitute for O<sup>2−</sup> in the crystal lattice, leading to the formation of oxygen vacancies for charge compensation and enhancing the crystal field environment through the reinforcement of Sb - (O, F) bonds. Upon excitation at 310 nm in the ultraviolet (UV) region, the phosphors exhibit a broad NIR emission centered at 994 nm with a full width at half maximum of 170 nm. A NIR pc-LED device was fabricated using this phosphor to explore the multifunctional applications. This investigation confirms that F<sup>−</sup> doping serves as an effective strategy to tailor the NIR luminescent properties of Fe<sup>3+</sup>, thereby providing new insights for the exploration of high-performance and environmentally benign NIR phosphors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 8","pages":"Pages 10278-10285"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147419185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.223
Hongwei Guo , Ziliang Zhai , Shouyi Guo , Mi Liu , Nantian Zhu , Relva C. Buchanan , Zhilong Zhao
AlN ceramic has become a core material for advanced packaging due to its high electrical insulation and thermal conductivity. In this study, B2O3-ZnO-SiO2-BaO (BZSB) glasses with different B2O3/SiO2 mass ratios (1.50, 1.77, 2.30, 3.16, 4.00) were prepared using a high-temperature melting and cooling method. The wettability and diffusion bonding behavior at the interface between BZSB glass and AlN ceramic were investigated using DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and sintering optical dilatometer. The results showed that as the B2O3/SiO2 ratio increased from 1.50 to 4.00, the softening temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, and contact angle with AlN ceramic of the BZSB glass all first decreased and then increased. This behavior was attributed to the [BO4] dominated glass network reducing surface tension. During the sintering process, B elements diffused into the interior of the AlN ceramic in the form of [BO4], forming a transition layer dominated by Al-B-O covalent bonds at the surface of the AlN ceramic, thereby achieving dense and crack-free bonding between the BZSB glass and AlN ceramic.
铝氮化铝陶瓷因其高绝缘性和导热性已成为先进封装的核心材料。采用高温熔融冷却法制备了B2O3- zno -SiO2- bao （BZSB）玻璃，B2O3/SiO2质量比分别为1.50、1.77、2.30、3.16、4.00。采用DSC（差示扫描量热法）、SEM（扫描电子显微镜）、EDS（能量色散光谱）、XRD （x射线衍射）、FT-IR（傅里叶变换红外光谱）和烧结光学膨胀仪研究了BZSB玻璃与AlN陶瓷界面的润湿性和扩散键合行为。结果表明：随着B2O3/SiO2比从1.50增加到4.00，BZSB玻璃的软化温度、热膨胀系数、与AlN陶瓷的接触角均先减小后增大；这种行为归因于[BO4]主导的玻璃网络降低了表面张力。在烧结过程中，B元素以[BO4]的形式扩散到AlN陶瓷内部，在AlN陶瓷表面形成以Al-B-O共价键为主的过渡层，从而实现了BZSB玻璃与AlN陶瓷之间致密无裂纹的结合。
{"title":"BZSB glass for sintering-bonding AlN ceramic under air: Wetting behavior and diffusion mechanism","authors":"Hongwei Guo , Ziliang Zhai , Shouyi Guo , Mi Liu , Nantian Zhu , Relva C. Buchanan , Zhilong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AlN ceramic has become a core material for advanced packaging due to its high electrical insulation and thermal conductivity. In this study, B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-ZnO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-BaO (BZSB) glasses with different B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> mass ratios (1.50, 1.77, 2.30, 3.16, 4.00) were prepared using a high-temperature melting and cooling method. The wettability and diffusion bonding behavior at the interface between BZSB glass and AlN ceramic were investigated using DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and sintering optical dilatometer. The results showed that as the B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub> ratio increased from 1.50 to 4.00, the softening temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, and contact angle with AlN ceramic of the BZSB glass all first decreased and then increased. This behavior was attributed to the [BO<sub>4</sub>] dominated glass network reducing surface tension. During the sintering process, B elements diffused into the interior of the AlN ceramic in the form of [BO<sub>4</sub>], forming a transition layer dominated by Al-B-O covalent bonds at the surface of the AlN ceramic, thereby achieving dense and crack-free bonding between the BZSB glass and AlN ceramic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 8","pages":"Pages 9579-9588"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147419224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.177
Seong-Won Cheon , Jae-Hyeong Choi , Young-Jo Park , Jae-Wook Lee , Jae-Woong Ko , Jungwoo Lee , Ha-Neul Kim
We resolve the long-standing debate on calcium in MgAl2O4 spinel by showing that spatial distribution, not total amount, governs sintering. Three compacts were prepared: undoped (SP), 800-ppm Ca uniformly added by CaCO3 (SP_P), and 800-ppm Ca surface-enriched by Ca(NO3)2 impregnation (SP_S). After pressureless sintering at 1450 °C, SP_S reached 95.7 % relative density, whereas SP and SP_P remained at 89.4 % and 88.9 %. EPMA/XRF/EDS confirmed a Ca gradient confined to ∼0.2 mm from the outermost edge, yielding a core–shell body (>99 % dense shell, ∼91 % core). Subsequent HIP at 1450 °C, 180 MPa Ar, 5 h produced the highest in-line transmittance in SP_S_1450H of 78.62 %@300 nm and 85.73 %@800 nm, consistent with minimal simulated pore content. We propose a hybrid sintering mechanism: (i) Ca-rich eutectic liquid drives surface densification and shell formation; (ii) shell-imposed compression confirmed by X-ray accelerates solid-state core densification. This self-enveloped sinter-HIP route relaxes the usual closed-pore threshold and enables highly transparent spinel ceramics.
{"title":"Surface-initiated densification of MgAl2O4 spinel driven by Ca concentration gradient","authors":"Seong-Won Cheon , Jae-Hyeong Choi , Young-Jo Park , Jae-Wook Lee , Jae-Woong Ko , Jungwoo Lee , Ha-Neul Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We resolve the long-standing debate on calcium in MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel by showing that spatial distribution, not total amount, governs sintering. Three compacts were prepared: undoped (SP), 800-ppm Ca uniformly added by CaCO<sub>3</sub> (SP_P), and 800-ppm Ca surface-enriched by Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> impregnation (SP_S). After pressureless sintering at 1450 °C, SP_S reached 95.7 % relative density, whereas SP and SP_P remained at 89.4 % and 88.9 %. EPMA/XRF/EDS confirmed a Ca gradient confined to ∼0.2 mm from the outermost edge, yielding a core–shell body (>99 % dense shell, ∼91 % core). Subsequent HIP at 1450 °C, 180 MPa Ar, 5 h produced the highest in-line transmittance in SP_S_1450H of 78.62 %@300 nm and 85.73 %@800 nm, consistent with minimal simulated pore content. We propose a hybrid sintering mechanism: (i) Ca-rich eutectic liquid drives surface densification and shell formation; (ii) shell-imposed compression confirmed by X-ray accelerates solid-state core densification. This self-enveloped sinter-HIP route relaxes the usual closed-pore threshold and enables highly transparent spinel ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 8","pages":"Pages 10003-10020"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147419232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2024-08-31DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.08.478
Yi Zhou , Keyou Shi , Yong Liu , Yang Yang , Yupeng Xie
Oxyapatite (Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2) glass-ceramics (GCs) derived from coal fly ash (CFA) via microwave heating were fabricated to immobilize trivalent actinides (An3+). The effects of the Nd content and sintering temperature on the phase evolution of Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 GCs were systematically investigated. The chemical durability of the Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 GCs waste forms was examined under different leaching conditions (pH 4.0, 6.7, and 10.0). Results demonstrated the transformation of phase from glassy to Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 GCs, when the doping content of Nd2O3 was 10, 15, and 20 wt% at 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C, respectively, and the maximum solid solution was more than 30 wt%. Prior to this solid solubility limit, all the Nd(Ⅲ) was incorporated to the glassy phase, whereas when the limit was exceeded, the Nd(Ⅲ) was immobilized into Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 GCs. Moreover, the bulk density of the solidified sample increased with increasing of Nd-doped amount in the temperature range of 1100–1300 °C. The sample that was doped with 30 wt% Nd2O3 and sintered at 1300 °C, exhibited the maximum bulk density (3.24 g cm−3). Importantly, the GC waste forms exhibited superior leaching resistance, and the leaching rate of Nd element was in the order of 10−7 - 10−6 g m−2 d−1. The NLNd values of the samples doped with 30 wt% Nd2O3 and sintered at 1100 and 1300 °C were 8.57 × 10−8 g m−2 d−1 and 4.29 × 10−8 g m−2 d−1, respectively, after 28 d. In particular, the leachability of Nd element under different leaching conditions followed the order of acidic ＞ alkaline ＞ neutral. Therefore, Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 GCs derived from CFA via microwave heating are promising immobilization substrates for the immobilization An3+ nuclear waste.
以粉煤灰（CFA）为原料，经微波加热制备了氧化磷灰石（Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2）玻璃陶瓷（GCs），用于固定三价锕系元素（An3+）。系统地研究了Nd含量和烧结温度对Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 gc相演化的影响。在不同的浸出条件（pH 4.0、6.7和10.0）下，研究了Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 gc废物形态的化学耐久性。结果表明，当Nd2O3掺杂量分别为10、15和20 wt%时，在1100、1200和1300℃下，由玻璃相转变为Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 gc，最大固溶体大于30 wt%。在此固溶极限之前，所有Nd（Ⅲ）都被结合到玻璃相中，而当超过该极限时，Nd（Ⅲ）被固定到Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 gc中。在1100 ~ 1300℃范围内，随着nd掺杂量的增加，固化样品的体积密度逐渐增大。当Nd2O3掺杂量为30 wt%，烧结温度为1300℃时，样品的堆积密度最大，为3.24 g cm−3。重要的是，GC废物形态表现出优异的抗浸出性，Nd元素的浸出率为10−7 ~ 10−6 g m−2 d−1。在1100°C和1300°C烧结条件下，掺30 wt% Nd2O3的样品在28 d后的nnlnd值分别为8.57 × 10−8 g m−2 d−1和4.29 × 10−8 g m−2 d−1。特别是在不同浸出条件下，Nd元素的可浸性依次为酸性>碱性>中性>。因此，微波加热由CFA衍生的Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 gc是固定化An3+核废料的理想底物。
{"title":"Phase evolution and chemical durability of Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2 glass-ceramics derived from CFA via microwave heating designed to immobilize trivalent actinides","authors":"Yi Zhou , Keyou Shi , Yong Liu , Yang Yang , Yupeng Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.08.478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.08.478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxyapatite (Ca<sub>2</sub>Nd<sub>8</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) glass-ceramics (GCs) derived from coal fly ash (CFA) via microwave heating were fabricated to immobilize trivalent actinides (<em>An</em><sup>3+</sup>). The effects of the Nd content and sintering temperature on the phase evolution of Ca<sub>2</sub>Nd<sub>8</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub> GCs were systematically investigated. The chemical durability of the Ca<sub>2</sub>Nd<sub>8</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub> GCs waste forms was examined under different leaching conditions (pH 4.0, 6.7, and 10.0). Results demonstrated the transformation of phase from glassy to Ca<sub>2</sub>Nd<sub>8</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub> GCs, when the doping content of Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was 10, 15, and 20 <em>w</em>t% at 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C, respectively, and the maximum solid solution was more than 30 <em>w</em>t%. Prior to this solid solubility limit, all the Nd(Ⅲ) was incorporated to the glassy phase, whereas when the limit was exceeded, the Nd(Ⅲ) was immobilized into Ca<sub>2</sub>Nd<sub>8</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub> GCs. Moreover, the bulk density of the solidified sample increased with increasing of Nd-doped amount in the temperature range of 1100–1300 °C. The sample that was doped with 30 <em>w</em>t% Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and sintered at 1300 °C, exhibited the maximum bulk density (3.24 g cm<sup>−3</sup>). Importantly, the GC waste forms exhibited superior leaching resistance, and the leaching rate of Nd element was in the order of 10<sup>−7</sup> - 10<sup>−6</sup> g m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. The NL<sub>Nd</sub> values of the samples doped with 30 <em>w</em>t% Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and sintered at 1100 and 1300 °C were 8.57 × 10<sup>−8</sup> g m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> and 4.29 × 10<sup>−8</sup> g m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, after 28 d. In particular, the leachability of Nd element under different leaching conditions followed the order of acidic ＞ alkaline ＞ neutral. Therefore, Ca<sub>2</sub>Nd<sub>8</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub> GCs derived from CFA via microwave heating are promising immobilization substrates for the immobilization <em>An</em><sup>3+</sup> nuclear waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 8","pages":"Pages 9620-9627"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147419760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.209
Jiahui Li, Juanjuan Feng, Dangwei Guo, Xiaolong Fan
The Sm-doped barium hexaferrites Ba1-xSmxFe12O19 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.08, 0.10, 0.20) were successfully synthesized using sol-gel auto-combustion method. The crystal structure, morphology, electronic valence states and magnetic properties were systematically measured and analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and refinement results indicated that the barium hexaferrites within the doping range of x = 0–0.20 maintained a pure phase, while an impurity phase emerged at x = 0.20. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images revealed hexagonal particles and the average particle sizes gradually decreased as the doping concentration x increasesd. Both Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of Fe–O bonds. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that partial Fe3+ converted to Fe2+ at higher x concentration. Raman spectroscopy confirmed lattice vibration modes of M-type barium ferrite while indicating that the substitution of Ba2+ by Sm3+ could influence some occupation of Fe3+ sites at high x. Analysis of the room-temperature hysteresis loops revealed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) of the samples initially increased and then decreased with increasing x, reaching a maximum value of 72.28 emu/g at x = 0.08. The coercivity (Hc) and maximum energy product (BH)max reached their maximum values at x = 0.10, which were 5.52 kOe and 0.95 MGOe, respectively. The underlying mechanisms for magnetic variation of the hexaferrites with x have been investigated in depth.
{"title":"Effect of Sm substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of barium hexaferrites","authors":"Jiahui Li, Juanjuan Feng, Dangwei Guo, Xiaolong Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Sm-doped barium hexaferrites Ba<sub>1-<em>x</em></sub>Sm<sub><em>x</em></sub>Fe<sub>12</sub>O<sub>19</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.08, 0.10, 0.20) were successfully synthesized using sol-gel auto-combustion method. The crystal structure, morphology, electronic valence states and magnetic properties were systematically measured and analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and refinement results indicated that the barium hexaferrites within the doping range of <em>x</em> = 0–0.20 maintained a pure phase, while an impurity phase emerged at <em>x</em> = 0.20. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images revealed hexagonal particles and the average particle sizes gradually decreased as the doping concentration <em>x</em> increasesd. Both Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of Fe–O bonds. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that partial Fe<sup>3+</sup> converted to Fe<sup>2+</sup> at higher <em>x</em> concentration. Raman spectroscopy confirmed lattice vibration modes of M-type barium ferrite while indicating that the substitution of Ba<sup>2+</sup> by Sm<sup>3+</sup> could influence some occupation of Fe<sup>3+</sup> sites at high <em>x</em>. Analysis of the room-temperature hysteresis loops revealed that the saturation magnetization (<em>M</em><sub>s</sub>) of the samples initially increased and then decreased with increasing <em>x</em>, reaching a maximum value of 72.28 emu/g at <em>x</em> = 0.08. The coercivity (<em>H</em><sub>c</sub>) and maximum energy product (<em>BH</em>)<sub>max</sub> reached their maximum values at <em>x</em> = 0.10, which were 5.52 kOe and 0.95 MGOe, respectively. The underlying mechanisms for magnetic variation of the hexaferrites with <em>x</em> have been investigated in depth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 8","pages":"Pages 10339-10349"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147419771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.211
Meilong Feng , Dawei Ye , Mingmin Ling , Chunxiang Yuan , Hong Shi
The high-temperature oxidation behavior and oxide-scale evolution of a near α-Ti alloy at 650–850 °C were systematically investigated. Oxidation kinetics, oxide layer structure, and elemental migration were analyzed through weight gain measurements and multiple characterization techniques. The results show that the oxidation process followed a parabolic law, suggesting that diffusion-controlled oxide growth was the primary mechanism. The oxide scales mainly consisted of TiO2 and Al2O3, both of which increased significantly in thickness with temperature. Minor alloying elements such as Si and Sn were enriched near the TiO2 layer, contributing to improved scale adherence and integrity. After oxidation at 650–750 °C for 220 h, the alloy exhibited excellent oxidation resistance, with an average oxide thickness of 3.83 ± 0.44 μm. The formation of a dense, multilayered oxide scale effectively suppressed inward oxygen diffusion, thereby enhancing the alloy's oxidation resistance. At 850 °C, the oxide thickness rapidly increased to 24.09 ± 1.21 μm, accompanied by partial spallation. These findings provide important insights into oxidation mechanisms and offer practical guidance for the design of high-performance titanium alloys.
{"title":"Oxidation resistance of a near α high temperature Ti-based alloy: Emphasis on TiO2 and Al2O3 phases","authors":"Meilong Feng , Dawei Ye , Mingmin Ling , Chunxiang Yuan , Hong Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-temperature oxidation behavior and oxide-scale evolution of a near α-Ti alloy at 650–850 °C were systematically investigated. Oxidation kinetics, oxide layer structure, and elemental migration were analyzed through weight gain measurements and multiple characterization techniques. The results show that the oxidation process followed a parabolic law, suggesting that diffusion-controlled oxide growth was the primary mechanism. The oxide scales mainly consisted of TiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, both of which increased significantly in thickness with temperature. Minor alloying elements such as Si and Sn were enriched near the TiO<sub>2</sub> layer, contributing to improved scale adherence and integrity. After oxidation at 650–750 °C for 220 h, the alloy exhibited excellent oxidation resistance, with an average oxide thickness of <strong>3.83 ± 0.44 μm.</strong> The formation of a dense, multilayered oxide scale effectively suppressed inward oxygen diffusion, thereby enhancing the alloy's oxidation resistance. At 850 °C, the oxide thickness rapidly increased to 24.09 ± 1.21 μm, accompanied by partial spallation. These findings provide important insights into oxidation mechanisms and offer practical guidance for the design of high-performance titanium alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 8","pages":"Pages 10362-10373"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147419773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.002
Guoqiang Yin , Hongrui Liang , Shengyang Pang , Xuyang Zhang , Heng Zhang , Xuelong Wen , Yao Sun
Cf/SiC composites exhibit high specific strength, thermal stability, thermal-shock resistance, and wear resistance; nevertheless, their anisotropy and multiphase architecture present substantial challenges for low-damage precision machining. To address these challenges, a three-phase representative volume element, comprising the SiC matrix, carbon fibers, and a zero-thickness interface, was constructed, and a single-cycle, time-resolved finite-element model for two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding with a single abrasive grain was developed. Cross-validation was performed against single abrasive grain experiments. The results indicate a pronounced orientation dependence in the stress and residual fields: on the α-plane, surface connectivity and subsurface penetration follow the order 90° > 45° > 0°; on the β-plane, field intensity and propagation distance follow the order 45° > 90° > 135°. Two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration primarily accelerates the activation and coalescence of damage channels without altering the orientation-governed propagation pathways.
{"title":"Orientation-dependent damage evolution mechanism during two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration-assisted single abrasive grain grinding of unidirectional Cf/SiC composites","authors":"Guoqiang Yin , Hongrui Liang , Shengyang Pang , Xuyang Zhang , Heng Zhang , Xuelong Wen , Yao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C<sub>f</sub>/SiC composites exhibit high specific strength, thermal stability, thermal-shock resistance, and wear resistance; nevertheless, their anisotropy and multiphase architecture present substantial challenges for low-damage precision machining. To address these challenges, a three-phase representative volume element, comprising the SiC matrix, carbon fibers, and a zero-thickness interface, was constructed, and a single-cycle, time-resolved finite-element model for two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding with a single abrasive grain was developed. Cross-validation was performed against single abrasive grain experiments. The results indicate a pronounced orientation dependence in the stress and residual fields: on the α-plane, surface connectivity and subsurface penetration follow the order 90° > 45° > 0°; on the β-plane, field intensity and propagation distance follow the order 45° > 90° > 135°. Two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration primarily accelerates the activation and coalescence of damage channels without altering the orientation-governed propagation pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 6","pages":"Pages 7898-7909"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.460
Jingjing Guo , Yin'e Liu , Siran Yin , Bo Liu , Junjie Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhang
Addressing the critical challenge of co-optimizing high porosity and mechanical strength in bioscaffolds, this study pioneers a bubble-templating approach using hydroxyapatite (HA) hydrophobically modified through sodium alkyl sulfate, where systematic regulation of carbon chain length, bimodal particle distribution (coarse to fine ratio), and solid content (32.5–37.5 wt%) governs pore architecture formation. Extended carbon chains enhance foam stability for precise porosity control, optimized bimodal packing overcomes densification limits via particle synergy toughening, achieving 40.4 MPa peak compressive strength. And increased solid content (32.5–37.5 wt%) mediates pore refinement, reducing spherical diameters from 140 μm to 1.2 μm (green body) while establishing multi-scale interconnected networks. The resultant HA scaffolds demonstrate a well-defined inverse correlation between strength and porosity, outperforming those produced by conventional methods. Under the optimal parameters (solid content of 37.5 wt%, coarse-to-fine particle ratio of 1:0), the scaffolds achieve a high porosity of 70.16 % alongside a compressive strength of 15.85 MPa, significantly surpassing the minimum requirement of 1.9 MPa for bone regeneration.
{"title":"Fabrication of high-strength porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds via adjusting spherical pores derived from self-assembled particles at the interface of foams","authors":"Jingjing Guo , Yin'e Liu , Siran Yin , Bo Liu , Junjie Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the critical challenge of co-optimizing high porosity and mechanical strength in bioscaffolds, this study pioneers a bubble-templating approach using hydroxyapatite (HA) hydrophobically modified through sodium alkyl sulfate, where systematic regulation of carbon chain length, bimodal particle distribution (coarse to fine ratio), and solid content (32.5–37.5 wt%) governs pore architecture formation. Extended carbon chains enhance foam stability for precise porosity control, optimized bimodal packing overcomes densification limits via particle synergy toughening, achieving 40.4 MPa peak compressive strength. And increased solid content (32.5–37.5 wt%) mediates pore refinement, reducing spherical diameters from 140 μm to 1.2 μm (green body) while establishing multi-scale interconnected networks. The resultant HA scaffolds demonstrate a well-defined inverse correlation between strength and porosity, outperforming those produced by conventional methods. Under the optimal parameters (solid content of 37.5 wt%, coarse-to-fine particle ratio of 1:0), the scaffolds achieve a high porosity of 70.16 % alongside a compressive strength of 15.85 MPa, significantly surpassing the minimum requirement of 1.9 MPa for bone regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 6","pages":"Pages 7148-7161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.485
Nada Y. Tashkandi, Qana A. Alsulami
The flexibility, interfacial compatibility, and processability of polymer nanocomposites make them appealing candidates for energy storage device applications. However, their practical utility is limited by their weak resistance to dendrites and poor ionic conductivity. This work explores novel nanocomposites composed of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and sodium alginate composites integrated with zinc ferrite nanoparticles as the dopant in order to get beyond the aforementioned limitations. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the peak broadening increased and the peak intensity at 2θ = 13.51°, 19.42°, and 22.78° decreased when nanoparticles concentration increased. This suggested a reduction in the crystallinity degree, which therefore led to an improvement in the amorphous nature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to examine how these three materials interact. The direct and indirect band gap values dropped as the nanoparticles content in the polymer host increased, according to ultraviolet–visible analysis. This showed that the filler and polymer blend were forming charge transfer complexes. When 2.5 wt percent of nanoparticles is added, the synergistic impact of nanoparticles greatly improves the ionic conductivity to 3.43 × 10−4 S/cm for electrical performance at room temperature. Dielectric studies revealed that while conductivity rose with increasing frequency, the dielectric constant decreased. The improved thermal stability of the nanocomposites films was shown by thermogravimetric analysis. In comparison to the pure blends, the conductivity increased by more than 8 times, and at low frequency, the dielectric constant also increased fourfold. After adding nanoparticles, the nanocomposites films' electrical and dielectric characteristics improved, which may suggest that these films are suitable for flexible-type energy storage applications such as dielectric capacitors.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of ZnFe2O4 nanofiller on the thermal, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of polymer nanocomposites for energy storage devices","authors":"Nada Y. Tashkandi, Qana A. Alsulami","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flexibility, interfacial compatibility, and processability of polymer nanocomposites make them appealing candidates for energy storage device applications. However, their practical utility is limited by their weak resistance to dendrites and poor ionic conductivity. This work explores novel nanocomposites composed of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and sodium alginate composites integrated with zinc ferrite nanoparticles as the dopant in order to get beyond the aforementioned limitations. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the peak broadening increased and the peak intensity at 2θ = 13.51°, 19.42°, and 22.78° decreased when nanoparticles concentration increased. This suggested a reduction in the crystallinity degree, which therefore led to an improvement in the amorphous nature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to examine how these three materials interact. The direct and indirect band gap values dropped as the nanoparticles content in the polymer host increased, according to ultraviolet–visible analysis. This showed that the filler and polymer blend were forming charge transfer complexes. When 2.5 wt percent of nanoparticles is added, the synergistic impact of nanoparticles greatly improves the ionic conductivity to 3.43 × 10<sup>−4</sup> S/cm for electrical performance at room temperature. Dielectric studies revealed that while conductivity rose with increasing frequency, the dielectric constant decreased. The improved thermal stability of the nanocomposites films was shown by thermogravimetric analysis. In comparison to the pure blends, the conductivity increased by more than 8 times, and at low frequency, the dielectric constant also increased fourfold. After adding nanoparticles, the nanocomposites films' electrical and dielectric characteristics improved, which may suggest that these films are suitable for flexible-type energy storage applications such as dielectric capacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 6","pages":"Pages 7450-7458"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147412100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.478
Rita Adriana Souza da Silva de Assis , Manassés Tercio Vieira Grangeiro , Natalia Rivoli Rossi , Renata Marques de Melo Marinho , Marco Antonio Bottino , Camila da Silva Rodrigues
Multiple firing cycles are frequently required in dental laboratories and during clinical adjustments to optimize the fit and esthetics of ceramic restorations. This study evaluated the effects of multiple firing cycles (0 [control], 1, 2, 3, 5, or 10) on the mechanical and adhesive properties of a dental leucite-based glass-ceramic. Biaxial flexural strength (BFS), microshear bond strength (μSBS) before and after aging (5000 thermocycles), surface roughness, contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were assessed. One firing cycle improved BFS compared with the control, whereas ten cycles reduced it; up to five firing cycles showed stable mechanical strength. Thermal aging reduced μSBS in the control and in the 5th and 10th firing groups, whereas groups with 1st–3rd firing cycles maintained stable bond strength after aging. Surface roughness increased and contact angle decreased notably after the 5th firing cycle, while XRD showed no detectable changes in crystalline phases. Clinically, extensive laboratory or chairside adjustments requiring multiple firings (≥5) are not recommended, and aesthetic refinements should ideally be limited to ≤3 firing cycles to preserve restoration integrity and bonding durability.
{"title":"Multiple firings on dental leucite-based glass-ceramic: Effects on biaxial flexural and bond strength","authors":"Rita Adriana Souza da Silva de Assis , Manassés Tercio Vieira Grangeiro , Natalia Rivoli Rossi , Renata Marques de Melo Marinho , Marco Antonio Bottino , Camila da Silva Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple firing cycles are frequently required in dental laboratories and during clinical adjustments to optimize the fit and esthetics of ceramic restorations. This study evaluated the effects of multiple firing cycles (0 [control], 1, 2, 3, 5, or 10) on the mechanical and adhesive properties of a <strong>dental</strong> leucite-based glass-ceramic. Biaxial flexural strength (BFS), microshear bond strength (μSBS) before and after aging (5000 thermocycles), surface roughness, contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were assessed. One firing cycle improved BFS compared with the control, whereas ten cycles reduced it; up to five firing cycles showed stable mechanical strength. Thermal aging reduced μSBS in the control and in the 5th and 10th firing groups, whereas groups with 1st–3rd firing cycles maintained stable bond strength after aging. Surface roughness increased and contact angle decreased notably after the 5th firing cycle, while XRD showed no detectable changes in crystalline phases. Clinically, extensive laboratory or chairside adjustments requiring multiple firings (≥5) are not recommended, and aesthetic refinements should ideally be limited to ≤3 firing cycles to preserve restoration integrity and bonding durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"52 6","pages":"Pages 7372-7381"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147412132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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