Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-118-133
V. V. Kochetkov, A. A. Medvedkov, E. A. Kuzmenko, O. Nessar
Water resource shortage is one of the global problems of our time. The article presents the results of studies of international conflicts due to the lack of fresh water, and analyzes the possible consequences of the growing crisis that may affect the world political system. The prerequisites for the emergence of water conflicts on the political map of the world and the most informative indicators that make it possible to judge the conflict potential between countries (the share of transit river flow, the level of use of water resources and the degree of climate aridity) are considered. The existing and predicted geo-ecological consequences caused by the degradation of water bodies and the deterioration of the water resource situation in the context of weakening research cooperation between neighboring states are analyzed. Successful examples of solving problems in the field of water use based on the basin approach, both between entities of the same state and between individual countries, are considered.
{"title":"“Water Wars” as a Source and Instrument of International Conflicts","authors":"V. V. Kochetkov, A. A. Medvedkov, E. A. Kuzmenko, O. Nessar","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-118-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-118-133","url":null,"abstract":" Water resource shortage is one of the global problems of our time. The article presents the results of studies of international conflicts due to the lack of fresh water, and analyzes the possible consequences of the growing crisis that may affect the world political system. The prerequisites for the emergence of water conflicts on the political map of the world and the most informative indicators that make it possible to judge the conflict potential between countries (the share of transit river flow, the level of use of water resources and the degree of climate aridity) are considered. The existing and predicted geo-ecological consequences caused by the degradation of water bodies and the deterioration of the water resource situation in the context of weakening research cooperation between neighboring states are analyzed. Successful examples of solving problems in the field of water use based on the basin approach, both between entities of the same state and between individual countries, are considered.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"34 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-148-163
S. C. Zhumalieva
The article analyzes a number of problems caused by complex ethnodemographic processes in the situation of autonomous and union statehood of Kyrgyzstan. Special attention is paid to the ambiguous influence of migration processes on changes in the number, national and social composition of the population. It is shown that large-scale socio-economic transformations have caused new phenomena in the demographic and migration situation. New sources are put into circulation, a comparative analysis of statistical data on ethnodemographic processes is carried out, including on the example of some of the most representative regions of the republic. It is concluded that the interaction and assimilation of different ethnic groups led to the cultural enrichment of the region and the complication of interethnic interaction.
{"title":"On the Issue of Ethnodemographic Changes in Kyrgyzstan in the 1920s-1930s","authors":"S. C. Zhumalieva","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-148-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-148-163","url":null,"abstract":" The article analyzes a number of problems caused by complex ethnodemographic processes in the situation of autonomous and union statehood of Kyrgyzstan. Special attention is paid to the ambiguous influence of migration processes on changes in the number, national and social composition of the population. It is shown that large-scale socio-economic transformations have caused new phenomena in the demographic and migration situation. New sources are put into circulation, a comparative analysis of statistical data on ethnodemographic processes is carried out, including on the example of some of the most representative regions of the republic. It is concluded that the interaction and assimilation of different ethnic groups led to the cultural enrichment of the region and the complication of interethnic interaction.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"112 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139391544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-175-187
H. P. Umarov
The article discusses issues of theoretical and practical provision of information and ideological security. The experience of foreign countries has been studied, regulatory documents that ensure the information and ideological security of various states have been analyzed. In modern international relations, information wars, i.e. the principle of “defeating the enemy without fighting” is playing an increasingly important role. Leading countries of the world paid attention to information wars in the early 1960s. With the development of information technology and social networks, methods of waging information wars have expanded. Nowadays, information resources are more important than military ones. Thus, studying the experience and methods of foreign countries makes it possible to create effective countermeasures. It is very important to study the experience of foreign countries and identify the main directions of information attacks in relation to Uzbekistan.
{"title":"Issues of Information and Ideological Security: Experience for Uzbekistan","authors":"H. P. Umarov","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-175-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-175-187","url":null,"abstract":" The article discusses issues of theoretical and practical provision of information and ideological security. The experience of foreign countries has been studied, regulatory documents that ensure the information and ideological security of various states have been analyzed. In modern international relations, information wars, i.e. the principle of “defeating the enemy without fighting” is playing an increasingly important role. Leading countries of the world paid attention to information wars in the early 1960s. With the development of information technology and social networks, methods of waging information wars have expanded. Nowadays, information resources are more important than military ones. Thus, studying the experience and methods of foreign countries makes it possible to create effective countermeasures. It is very important to study the experience of foreign countries and identify the main directions of information attacks in relation to Uzbekistan.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"71 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-204-220
V. P. Larin
The author explores the origin of the symbol “dragon” in the cultures of ancient Southern China and Vietnam from the “crocodile”, puts forward the hypothesis that the ancient ethnonym and toponym “Yue” 越, (modern Vietnam) come from the Chinese zoonym ‘crocodile’ 鳄鱼 èyú. Other sources are the words “yue” 岳 ‘mountain’, “yue” 钺 ‘great battle axe’ and “yue” 月 ‘moon’. The Vietnamese word âu ‘seagull’, isomorphic to the Chinese word 鸥 ‘ōu’, is also involved in the semiotic analysis. Correlation of the Chinese letter from “jiaguwen” to “kaishu” (with the mention of the Vietnamese “ty-nom” and the letter of the state “Dian”) with historical and modern reality contributes to the objectification of the Chinese-Vietnamese world, the possibility of studying it using philological knowledge. The article also provides a comparison of the Chinese classification of nature by Zhou Qu-fei with the system of Carl Linnaeus and the earlier classification of Conrad Gesner, and develops the idea of the economy of nature.
{"title":"On the Origin of the Symbol “Dragon” from the Zoonym “Crocodile” in the Cultures of Ancient Southern China and Vietnam","authors":"V. P. Larin","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-204-220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-204-220","url":null,"abstract":" The author explores the origin of the symbol “dragon” in the cultures of ancient Southern China and Vietnam from the “crocodile”, puts forward the hypothesis that the ancient ethnonym and toponym “Yue” 越, (modern Vietnam) come from the Chinese zoonym ‘crocodile’ 鳄鱼 èyú. Other sources are the words “yue” 岳 ‘mountain’, “yue” 钺 ‘great battle axe’ and “yue” 月 ‘moon’. The Vietnamese word âu ‘seagull’, isomorphic to the Chinese word 鸥 ‘ōu’, is also involved in the semiotic analysis. Correlation of the Chinese letter from “jiaguwen” to “kaishu” (with the mention of the Vietnamese “ty-nom” and the letter of the state “Dian”) with historical and modern reality contributes to the objectification of the Chinese-Vietnamese world, the possibility of studying it using philological knowledge. The article also provides a comparison of the Chinese classification of nature by Zhou Qu-fei with the system of Carl Linnaeus and the earlier classification of Conrad Gesner, and develops the idea of the economy of nature.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"128 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-136-147
A. V. Vasilenko
The article presents the results of a study of the communication regime of the Republic of Uzbekistan in relation to the Russian Federation, in the context of modern changes in the world order. Despite the global challenges, the Republic of Uzbekistan is strengthening its close and friendly relations with the Russian Federation. The Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Treaty underlines the importance of strengthening cooperation between the two countries. The analysis of the communication regime covers both official resources and the media, while revealing a positive trend in communicationswith Russia. Russian identity and the degree of positivity of communication in relation to the Russian language and Russian identity in Uzbekistan are considered in the article. The Russian language is preserved, and the Russian identity is encouraged and supported. The Republic supports friendly and positive communication with respect to Russia, Russians, Russian language and Russian identity, even in the face of global changes. Uzbekistan continues to strengthen relations with Russia on the basis of mutual respect, partnership and common historical memory, which remains important in the modern geopolitical reality.
{"title":"Russian Federation and Uzbekistan: Russian Identity and Attitude to Russians","authors":"A. V. Vasilenko","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-136-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-136-147","url":null,"abstract":" The article presents the results of a study of the communication regime of the Republic of Uzbekistan in relation to the Russian Federation, in the context of modern changes in the world order. Despite the global challenges, the Republic of Uzbekistan is strengthening its close and friendly relations with the Russian Federation. The Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Treaty underlines the importance of strengthening cooperation between the two countries. The analysis of the communication regime covers both official resources and the media, while revealing a positive trend in communicationswith Russia. Russian identity and the degree of positivity of communication in relation to the Russian language and Russian identity in Uzbekistan are considered in the article. The Russian language is preserved, and the Russian identity is encouraged and supported. The Republic supports friendly and positive communication with respect to Russia, Russians, Russian language and Russian identity, even in the face of global changes. Uzbekistan continues to strengthen relations with Russia on the basis of mutual respect, partnership and common historical memory, which remains important in the modern geopolitical reality.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"74 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-164-174
E. A. Kuzmenko
The article is devoted to identifying the political and geographical interpretation of the boundaries of the Central Asia macro-region through an analysis of higher education programs at German universities. Over the past two decades, Germany has been actively increasing its economic presence in this region. Since the end of the twentieth century, the German government has made systematic efforts to attract foreign students and strengthen the reputation of German universities as leading research and education centers. Analyzing humanitarian educational programs for the study of Central Asia, the priority scale is built as follows: Tibet and Mongolia; China as a part of the Central Asian macro-region; Iran and Afghanistan; Central Asia CIS; countries of the South Caucasus. In philological programs Turkey dominates, with the fragmentary appearance of Central Asian CIS countries. In technical educational programs, the configuration of the macro-region changed the parameters: they include, first of all, post-Soviet countries, as well as Iran, the countries of Central Asia. These programs are developed from the point of view of potential investments in technology industries - therefore, both projects and programs are country-specific. The focus on economic diplomacy in relation to the post-Soviet countries of Central Asia reflects the transition from the diplomacy of democratic progress to the diplomacy of economic sovereignty of the countries of the macro-region.
{"title":"Central Asia as a Macro-Region in the Germany Educational Programs: Regional Study Dominants","authors":"E. A. Kuzmenko","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-164-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-164-174","url":null,"abstract":" The article is devoted to identifying the political and geographical interpretation of the boundaries of the Central Asia macro-region through an analysis of higher education programs at German universities. Over the past two decades, Germany has been actively increasing its economic presence in this region. Since the end of the twentieth century, the German government has made systematic efforts to attract foreign students and strengthen the reputation of German universities as leading research and education centers. Analyzing humanitarian educational programs for the study of Central Asia, the priority scale is built as follows: Tibet and Mongolia; China as a part of the Central Asian macro-region; Iran and Afghanistan; Central Asia CIS; countries of the South Caucasus. In philological programs Turkey dominates, with the fragmentary appearance of Central Asian CIS countries. In technical educational programs, the configuration of the macro-region changed the parameters: they include, first of all, post-Soviet countries, as well as Iran, the countries of Central Asia. These programs are developed from the point of view of potential investments in technology industries - therefore, both projects and programs are country-specific. The focus on economic diplomacy in relation to the post-Soviet countries of Central Asia reflects the transition from the diplomacy of democratic progress to the diplomacy of economic sovereignty of the countries of the macro-region.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"50 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-221-233
E. E. Torogeldieva
The article examines the formation and development of the Kyrgyz intelligentsia during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1946. With the outbreak of the war and the conscription of numerous of its representatives into the Red Army, the problem of intelligentsia personnel in the republic became extremely acute. There was a great shortage of specialists in all sectors of the national economy and culture. In order to accelerate the replenishment of many groups of the intelligentsia, the party and Soviet authorities used the method of promotion, especially the promotion the women to leadership and organizational work.
{"title":"The Intelligentsia of Kyrgyzstan during the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945","authors":"E. E. Torogeldieva","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-221-233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-221-233","url":null,"abstract":" The article examines the formation and development of the Kyrgyz intelligentsia during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1946. With the outbreak of the war and the conscription of numerous of its representatives into the Red Army, the problem of intelligentsia personnel in the republic became extremely acute. There was a great shortage of specialists in all sectors of the national economy and culture. In order to accelerate the replenishment of many groups of the intelligentsia, the party and Soviet authorities used the method of promotion, especially the promotion the women to leadership and organizational work.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"111 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139391341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-190-203
A. V. Beloglazov
The article identifies the contribution of the Collective Security Treaty Organization in Central Asia (CSTO) to the process of ensuring security in Central Asia. Conceptual approaches to the CSTO in the foreign policy of the Russian Federation and its allies in the region are analyzed. The documents of the CSTO are examined, as well as its practical activities to ensure regional security, prevent military threats, combat extremism, and terrorism and drug trafficking. The peacekeeping activities of the CSTO are examined. At the same time, an answer is given to the question why the CSTO did not deploy a peacekeeping mission at the request of Kyrgyzstan during the unrest in 2010, but responded to a similar request from Kazakhstan during the January events of 2022.
{"title":"Activities of the Collective Security Treaty Organization in Central Asia (2002–2022)","authors":"A. V. Beloglazov","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-190-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-190-203","url":null,"abstract":" The article identifies the contribution of the Collective Security Treaty Organization in Central Asia (CSTO) to the process of ensuring security in Central Asia. Conceptual approaches to the CSTO in the foreign policy of the Russian Federation and its allies in the region are analyzed. The documents of the CSTO are examined, as well as its practical activities to ensure regional security, prevent military threats, combat extremism, and terrorism and drug trafficking. The peacekeeping activities of the CSTO are examined. At the same time, an answer is given to the question why the CSTO did not deploy a peacekeeping mission at the request of Kyrgyzstan during the unrest in 2010, but responded to a similar request from Kazakhstan during the January events of 2022.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"28 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-82-93
K. S. Zhuraeva, S. A. Zhuraev
The article presents the main prerequisites and factors for the interconnectedness of the Caspian and Central Asian regions; the “window of opportunity” for the development of regional cooperation both between the states of the region and with neighboring countries was explored. The main factors determining the strategic importance of the region in the international arena, the importance of the large volume of hydrocarbon reserves, and the geographical location of the region are shown; interconnectedness of the countries of Central Asia and the Caspian states. As a result, the significance and prospects of interconnectedness between Central Asia and the Caspian region were revealed. In these regions, almost all the challenges and threats of globalization characteristic of the world system are manifested: multipolarity and economic confrontation between the West and the East; growing civilizational contradictions; depletion of natural resources; the likelihood of environmental and man-made threats on a planetary scale.
{"title":"The Interconnectedness of Central Asia and the Caspian Region: Current Issues","authors":"K. S. Zhuraeva, S. A. Zhuraev","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-82-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-82-93","url":null,"abstract":" The article presents the main prerequisites and factors for the interconnectedness of the Caspian and Central Asian regions; the “window of opportunity” for the development of regional cooperation both between the states of the region and with neighboring countries was explored. The main factors determining the strategic importance of the region in the international arena, the importance of the large volume of hydrocarbon reserves, and the geographical location of the region are shown; interconnectedness of the countries of Central Asia and the Caspian states. As a result, the significance and prospects of interconnectedness between Central Asia and the Caspian region were revealed. In these regions, almost all the challenges and threats of globalization characteristic of the world system are manifested: multipolarity and economic confrontation between the West and the East; growing civilizational contradictions; depletion of natural resources; the likelihood of environmental and man-made threats on a planetary scale.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"29 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-94-117
V. Komleva, Zh. Taalaibek kyzy
Against the backdrop of intensifying international competition between global players and international conflicts, small and poor countries are forced to look for mechanisms to ensure sovereignty and stability, including through the development of scientific and educational sovereignty. Therefore, the question becomes relevant: under what conditions can universities become effective subjects of international relations and help their states increase competitiveness? The status of universities as subjects of international relations is determined by the degree of their international subjectivity. International subjectivity is defined as the ability of universities to independently, regardless of the requirements of external foreign actors, determine the vectors and policies of international cooperation based on the norms, principles, goals and values of national educational systems. The authors of the article describe the conditions and indicators of such subjectivity. The mechanisms for integrating universities into international relations are considered: internationalization of the academic environment, participation in international associations; international rating. The positive aspects, opportunities, risks and contradictions of introducing these mechanisms into national educational systems are identified. Using the experience of Russian universities as an example, it is shown how, under critical conditions, these mechanisms become instruments of political pressure. Based on statistics, analysis of government decisions and the practice of universities in Kyrgyzstan, their potential as subjects of international relations are analyzed. It has been proven that now and in the near future, Kyrgyz universities will be located on the periphery of the global educational space, but have great potential for regional leadership. Kyrgyzstan needs to focus on developing this potential in the near future.
{"title":"Universities as Subjects of International Relations: The Potential of Kyrgyzstan","authors":"V. Komleva, Zh. Taalaibek kyzy","doi":"10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-94-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53658/rw2023-3-4(10)-94-117","url":null,"abstract":" Against the backdrop of intensifying international competition between global players and international conflicts, small and poor countries are forced to look for mechanisms to ensure sovereignty and stability, including through the development of scientific and educational sovereignty. Therefore, the question becomes relevant: under what conditions can universities become effective subjects of international relations and help their states increase competitiveness? The status of universities as subjects of international relations is determined by the degree of their international subjectivity. International subjectivity is defined as the ability of universities to independently, regardless of the requirements of external foreign actors, determine the vectors and policies of international cooperation based on the norms, principles, goals and values of national educational systems. The authors of the article describe the conditions and indicators of such subjectivity. The mechanisms for integrating universities into international relations are considered: internationalization of the academic environment, participation in international associations; international rating. The positive aspects, opportunities, risks and contradictions of introducing these mechanisms into national educational systems are identified. Using the experience of Russian universities as an example, it is shown how, under critical conditions, these mechanisms become instruments of political pressure. Based on statistics, analysis of government decisions and the practice of universities in Kyrgyzstan, their potential as subjects of international relations are analyzed. It has been proven that now and in the near future, Kyrgyz universities will be located on the periphery of the global educational space, but have great potential for regional leadership. Kyrgyzstan needs to focus on developing this potential in the near future.","PeriodicalId":270391,"journal":{"name":"Russia & World: Sc. Dialogue","volume":"25 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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