Mona Ajabi, Seyedeh Zahra Sadati, Zohreh Zadhasan, S. Ouliaei
Background: Diabetes is the fifth leading cause of death in most countries of the world and causes disability, disability, high medical costs, and increased mortality. This study aimed to predict the meaning of life based on moral development, cognitive styles, and hopefulness in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study consisted of all patients of the Karaj Diabetes Association in 2019 (Iran), among whom 200 cases were selected by the convenience sampling method and Cochran formula. The Meaning of Life Questionnaire (2006), Kohlberg’s Moral development Test (1977), Kolb Cognitive Styles Scale (1981), and Snyder Hope scale (1996) were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression were applied to analyze the data by SPSS23, and the significance level was 0.05. Results: The results revealed that moral development (β=0.15, P=0.03), cognitive styles (β=0.38, P<0.001), and hopefulness (β=0.22, P<0.001) had a positive effect on the meaning of life. Conclusion: It can be concluded that moral development, cognitive styles, and hopefulness can predict the meaning of life among people with T2D, highlighting the importance of the role of the meaning of life in people with T2D.
{"title":"Predicting the Meaning of Life Based on Moral Development, Cognitive Styles, and Hopefulness in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Mona Ajabi, Seyedeh Zahra Sadati, Zohreh Zadhasan, S. Ouliaei","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is the fifth leading cause of death in most countries of the world and causes disability, disability, high medical costs, and increased mortality. This study aimed to predict the meaning of life based on moral development, cognitive styles, and hopefulness in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study consisted of all patients of the Karaj Diabetes Association in 2019 (Iran), among whom 200 cases were selected by the convenience sampling method and Cochran formula. The Meaning of Life Questionnaire (2006), Kohlberg’s Moral development Test (1977), Kolb Cognitive Styles Scale (1981), and Snyder Hope scale (1996) were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression were applied to analyze the data by SPSS23, and the significance level was 0.05. Results: The results revealed that moral development (β=0.15, P=0.03), cognitive styles (β=0.38, P<0.001), and hopefulness (β=0.22, P<0.001) had a positive effect on the meaning of life. Conclusion: It can be concluded that moral development, cognitive styles, and hopefulness can predict the meaning of life among people with T2D, highlighting the importance of the role of the meaning of life in people with T2D.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129026443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Esteghamati, A. Moayedi, Ehsan Hoseinzadeh, Ghazal Zoghi
Background: Renal disorders have been observed with the long-term treatment of some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). We aimed to compare the effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (VPA) on renal function in children with epilepsy. Methods: This quasi-experimental study included children with epilepsy aged 2 months to 14 years who had persistently been receiving CBZ or VLP monotherapy for more than 6 months and were referred to Bandar Abbas Children’s Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, 2019-2020. Demographic features, including age and sex, as well as family history of epilepsy, disease duration, and duration of treatment were recorded for each patient. Random blood and urine samples, along with 24-hour urine samples were collected from all the participants. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), sodium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and pH were measured in blood samples. Glucose, protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and creatinine were estimated in 24-hour urine samples. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and pH were assessed in random urine samples. Results: Of the 80 children in this study with a mean age of 7.43±3.22 years, 58 (72.5%) were males. Children in both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, family history of epilepsy, and disease and treatment duration. The urine NAG level was significantly higher in the VPA group compared to the CBZ group (P=0.010). Further, 24-hour urine protein and glucose levels were significantly higher in the VPA group. As for blood parameters, except for sodium (P=0.034), ALP (P<0.001), and pH (P=0.006) which were significantly higher in the CBZ group, other parameters were significantly higher in the VPA group. Conclusion: Overall, CBZ appears to be safer than VPA regarding its effects on renal function in children treated for epilepsy.
背景:一些抗癫痫药物(aed)的长期治疗已观察到肾脏疾病。我们旨在比较卡马西平(CBZ)和丙戊酸(VPA)对癫痫患儿肾功能的影响。方法:这项准实验研究纳入了2019-2020年伊朗阿巴斯港阿巴斯儿童医院持续接受CBZ或VLP单药治疗6个月以上的2个月至14岁癫痫患儿。记录每位患者的人口统计学特征，包括年龄和性别、癫痫家族史、疾病持续时间和治疗持续时间。随机抽取所有参与者的血液和尿液样本，以及24小时内的尿液样本。测定血尿素氮(BUN)、钠、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、pH值。葡萄糖、蛋白质、钠、钾、磷和肌酐在24小时尿液样本中进行评估。随机取尿样检测n -乙酰- β - d -氨基葡萄糖酶(NAG)和pH值。结果:本组80例患儿平均年龄(7.43±3.22)岁，男性58例(72.5%)。两组儿童在年龄、性别、癫痫家族史、疾病和治疗持续时间方面具有可比性。VPA组尿NAG水平显著高于CBZ组(P=0.010)。此外，VPA组24小时尿蛋白和葡萄糖水平显著升高。血液指标方面，除CBZ组钠(P=0.034)、ALP (P<0.001)、pH (P=0.006)显著升高外，VPA组其他指标均显著升高。结论:总体而言，CBZ对癫痫患儿肾功能的影响似乎比VPA更安全。
{"title":"Comparison of the Effects of Sodium Valproate and Carbamazepine on Renal Function in Children With Epilepsy","authors":"Maryam Esteghamati, A. Moayedi, Ehsan Hoseinzadeh, Ghazal Zoghi","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Renal disorders have been observed with the long-term treatment of some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). We aimed to compare the effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (VPA) on renal function in children with epilepsy. Methods: This quasi-experimental study included children with epilepsy aged 2 months to 14 years who had persistently been receiving CBZ or VLP monotherapy for more than 6 months and were referred to Bandar Abbas Children’s Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, 2019-2020. Demographic features, including age and sex, as well as family history of epilepsy, disease duration, and duration of treatment were recorded for each patient. Random blood and urine samples, along with 24-hour urine samples were collected from all the participants. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), sodium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and pH were measured in blood samples. Glucose, protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and creatinine were estimated in 24-hour urine samples. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and pH were assessed in random urine samples. Results: Of the 80 children in this study with a mean age of 7.43±3.22 years, 58 (72.5%) were males. Children in both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, family history of epilepsy, and disease and treatment duration. The urine NAG level was significantly higher in the VPA group compared to the CBZ group (P=0.010). Further, 24-hour urine protein and glucose levels were significantly higher in the VPA group. As for blood parameters, except for sodium (P=0.034), ALP (P<0.001), and pH (P=0.006) which were significantly higher in the CBZ group, other parameters were significantly higher in the VPA group. Conclusion: Overall, CBZ appears to be safer than VPA regarding its effects on renal function in children treated for epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130691867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Teratoma is a tumor comprised of three germinal layers classified as mature or immature in most cases. Most mature solid teratomas are benign but may turn malignant; therefore, complete resection is advised in these cases. They usually occur in women. Primary rectal teratomas are infrequent, and only a few cases have been described in the literature. Teratomas are the most common cystic that rise in the ovary, testicle, and retroperitoneum. They can also be solid and are better known as dermoid cysts. Case Presentation: We report a 34-year-old woman who were presented with intermittent constipation and diarrhea in Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital in January 2020. After examination, a solid intra-rectal teratoma occurring mainly in the rectum was detected in this case. The patient underwent segmental colectomy and histology, which revealed squamous epithelium, fat cells, hair follicles, cartilaginous material, and granuloma suggestive of mature teratoma. Conclusion: The present case was a solid primary rectal teratoma, an uncommon disease with many misdiagnoses that can be differentiated from other diseases. In this case report, it is differentiated from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
{"title":"Primary Rectal Teratoma Presenting as an Irritable Bowel-like Syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"M. Pashaei, Amir Tahavori","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teratoma is a tumor comprised of three germinal layers classified as mature or immature in most cases. Most mature solid teratomas are benign but may turn malignant; therefore, complete resection is advised in these cases. They usually occur in women. Primary rectal teratomas are infrequent, and only a few cases have been described in the literature. Teratomas are the most common cystic that rise in the ovary, testicle, and retroperitoneum. They can also be solid and are better known as dermoid cysts. Case Presentation: We report a 34-year-old woman who were presented with intermittent constipation and diarrhea in Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital in January 2020. After examination, a solid intra-rectal teratoma occurring mainly in the rectum was detected in this case. The patient underwent segmental colectomy and histology, which revealed squamous epithelium, fat cells, hair follicles, cartilaginous material, and granuloma suggestive of mature teratoma. Conclusion: The present case was a solid primary rectal teratoma, an uncommon disease with many misdiagnoses that can be differentiated from other diseases. In this case report, it is differentiated from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122961357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghazal Zoghi, R. Shahbazi, A. Atashabparvar, M. Mahmoodi, Alireza Dastvareh, S. Kheirandish, Masoumeh Kheirandish
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge. Metabolic disorders in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been linked to a family history of diabetes. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes, and prediabetes in FDRs of patients with T2DM. Methods: This descriptive study included FDRs of patients with T2DM referred to the diabetes clinic of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran in 2017. Waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure were measured for each participant. Fasting plasma glucose was measured in venous blood samples after 8-hour fasting. Two-hour plasma glucose was measured after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein were measured in venous blood samples after 12-hour fasting. The Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were used to diagnose MetS. Iranian-specific WC cutoffs from different studies were also used as alternatives for WC cutoffs in IDF criteria to form Iranian-specific MetS criteria. Results: This study included 300 FDRs (male: 33.7% vs. female: 66.3%) of patients with T2DM, with a mean age of 33.56±10.64 years. Among the participants, 19.7% had prediabetes and 8% had diabetes. MetS was diagnosed in 8.3% and 15% of the FDRs based on the ATP III and IDF criteria, respectively. The frequency of MetS ranged from 6.7% to 11.7% based on six different Iranian-specific WC cutoffs. Conclusion: The frequency of MetS, diabetes, and prediabetes was quite high in the FDRs of patients with T2DM. Screening for these metabolic disorders can help prevent future cardiovascular events in this specific group.
{"title":"Metabolic Disorders in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in a Southern Coastal Region in Iran","authors":"Ghazal Zoghi, R. Shahbazi, A. Atashabparvar, M. Mahmoodi, Alireza Dastvareh, S. Kheirandish, Masoumeh Kheirandish","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge. Metabolic disorders in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been linked to a family history of diabetes. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes, and prediabetes in FDRs of patients with T2DM. Methods: This descriptive study included FDRs of patients with T2DM referred to the diabetes clinic of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran in 2017. Waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure were measured for each participant. Fasting plasma glucose was measured in venous blood samples after 8-hour fasting. Two-hour plasma glucose was measured after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein were measured in venous blood samples after 12-hour fasting. The Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were used to diagnose MetS. Iranian-specific WC cutoffs from different studies were also used as alternatives for WC cutoffs in IDF criteria to form Iranian-specific MetS criteria. Results: This study included 300 FDRs (male: 33.7% vs. female: 66.3%) of patients with T2DM, with a mean age of 33.56±10.64 years. Among the participants, 19.7% had prediabetes and 8% had diabetes. MetS was diagnosed in 8.3% and 15% of the FDRs based on the ATP III and IDF criteria, respectively. The frequency of MetS ranged from 6.7% to 11.7% based on six different Iranian-specific WC cutoffs. Conclusion: The frequency of MetS, diabetes, and prediabetes was quite high in the FDRs of patients with T2DM. Screening for these metabolic disorders can help prevent future cardiovascular events in this specific group.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126203372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Naderi, Mostafa Mohebkiya, H. Montazerghaem, M. Khayatian, M. Rahimzadeh
Background: It is well-established that complications following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) such as acute kidney injury (AKI) lead to worse outcomes and higher mortality. Considering the importance of the post-CPB inflammatory cytokine cascade, we first assessed the post-operative interleukin (IL)-21 serum level and its association with AKI development after CPB. Methods: In this experimental before-after study, 40 patients with confirmed CPB-AKI in the Jorjani Heart Center, Bandar Abbas (from January 2017 to September 2018) were compared with 50 non-AKI patients. AKI was defined according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network. The IL-21 serum level was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and 12 hours after surgery. The association between IL-21 and other variables was evaluated by correlation analyses. Results: The IL-21 serum level was significantly higher post-operation compared to its level before surgery in AKI (21.4±6.3 and 15.7±5.5, P<0.001) and non-AKI (19.1±6.4 and 13.7±6.3, P<0.001) patients, but no significant differences were observed between AKI and non-AKI patients. Age, body mass index, and creatinine were not significantly correlated with the IL-21 serum level 12 hours post operations in AKI and non-AKI subjects. Conclusion: Serum IL-21 concentrations were significantly increased in CPB patients after operation, which may contribute to the post-CPB inflammatory response syndrome. Our data did not confirm any association between increased IL-21 levels and CPB-AKI risk.
{"title":"Elevated Levels of Interleukin-21 in Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery","authors":"N. Naderi, Mostafa Mohebkiya, H. Montazerghaem, M. Khayatian, M. Rahimzadeh","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is well-established that complications following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) such as acute kidney injury (AKI) lead to worse outcomes and higher mortality. Considering the importance of the post-CPB inflammatory cytokine cascade, we first assessed the post-operative interleukin (IL)-21 serum level and its association with AKI development after CPB. Methods: In this experimental before-after study, 40 patients with confirmed CPB-AKI in the Jorjani Heart Center, Bandar Abbas (from January 2017 to September 2018) were compared with 50 non-AKI patients. AKI was defined according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network. The IL-21 serum level was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and 12 hours after surgery. The association between IL-21 and other variables was evaluated by correlation analyses. Results: The IL-21 serum level was significantly higher post-operation compared to its level before surgery in AKI (21.4±6.3 and 15.7±5.5, P<0.001) and non-AKI (19.1±6.4 and 13.7±6.3, P<0.001) patients, but no significant differences were observed between AKI and non-AKI patients. Age, body mass index, and creatinine were not significantly correlated with the IL-21 serum level 12 hours post operations in AKI and non-AKI subjects. Conclusion: Serum IL-21 concentrations were significantly increased in CPB patients after operation, which may contribute to the post-CPB inflammatory response syndrome. Our data did not confirm any association between increased IL-21 levels and CPB-AKI risk.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132421202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shamsi meymandi, Mahin Aflatoonian, M. Khalili, Masoumeh Sarvandi
Background: Vitiligo is an autoimmune pigmentary skin disease. Recently, the association of chronic inflammatory conditions with metabolic syndrome (MS) and oxidative stress has been demonstrated in skin diseases such as lichen planus and psoriasis. In this study, the prevalence of MS in patients with vitiligo was compared to the control group. Methods: This case-control study included 65 patients with vitiligo and 65 healthy participants in the control group who have referred to the dermatologic clinic in the Afzalipour Hospital of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Demographic features and laboratory data of participants were collected and analyzed by SPSS 16 using chi-square and independent t tests. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). The mean values of MS parameters were not significant between the two groups. Systolic hypertension (HTN) was significantly higher in the vitiligo group than in the control group (P=0.03). Increasing the length of the disease by one year increased the chance of MS occurrence by 7%. Conclusion: In the current study, systolic HTN was significantly higher in vitiligo patients compared to the control group. MS was also more common in vitiligo patients than in the control group, but the result was not statistically significant.
{"title":"Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Vitiligo Patients in Comparison With the Control Group","authors":"S. Shamsi meymandi, Mahin Aflatoonian, M. Khalili, Masoumeh Sarvandi","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.24","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitiligo is an autoimmune pigmentary skin disease. Recently, the association of chronic inflammatory conditions with metabolic syndrome (MS) and oxidative stress has been demonstrated in skin diseases such as lichen planus and psoriasis. In this study, the prevalence of MS in patients with vitiligo was compared to the control group. Methods: This case-control study included 65 patients with vitiligo and 65 healthy participants in the control group who have referred to the dermatologic clinic in the Afzalipour Hospital of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Demographic features and laboratory data of participants were collected and analyzed by SPSS 16 using chi-square and independent t tests. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). The mean values of MS parameters were not significant between the two groups. Systolic hypertension (HTN) was significantly higher in the vitiligo group than in the control group (P=0.03). Increasing the length of the disease by one year increased the chance of MS occurrence by 7%. Conclusion: In the current study, systolic HTN was significantly higher in vitiligo patients compared to the control group. MS was also more common in vitiligo patients than in the control group, but the result was not statistically significant.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114655081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nahid Davoodian, Elias Kargar-Abargouei, Maryam Arab Firouzjaei
The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been known as a highly pandemic virus that is characterized by a severe multiorgan pathology. Generally, cardio-respiratory complications are the dominant manifestations in patients infected with COVID-19. Since the coronavirus targets angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) receptors, however, the virus is also likely to exhibit multiorgan complications. Some retrospective cohorts as well as case studies have shown varying degrees of increased alanine transaminase (ALT)/aspartate transaminase (AST) in COVID-19 infections. A limited number of histopathological studies examining the liver have also reported an acute portal necrosis of this organ. Some other studies investigating the patients with COVID-19 have documented an acute hepatic encephalopathy with altered mental status. Beyond doubt, having a greater awareness of these complications positively contributes to timely and effective management and treatment of the patients. The present review article, therefore, aimed to highlight the consequences of developing hepatic encephalopathy for patients with COVID-19, its possible multifaceted mechanisms, and the management of neurological complications in these infected patients.
{"title":"COVID-19 and Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Narrative Review","authors":"Nahid Davoodian, Elias Kargar-Abargouei, Maryam Arab Firouzjaei","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.19","url":null,"abstract":"The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been known as a highly pandemic virus that is characterized by a severe multiorgan pathology. Generally, cardio-respiratory complications are the dominant manifestations in patients infected with COVID-19. Since the coronavirus targets angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) receptors, however, the virus is also likely to exhibit multiorgan complications. Some retrospective cohorts as well as case studies have shown varying degrees of increased alanine transaminase (ALT)/aspartate transaminase (AST) in COVID-19 infections. A limited number of histopathological studies examining the liver have also reported an acute portal necrosis of this organ. Some other studies investigating the patients with COVID-19 have documented an acute hepatic encephalopathy with altered mental status. Beyond doubt, having a greater awareness of these complications positively contributes to timely and effective management and treatment of the patients. The present review article, therefore, aimed to highlight the consequences of developing hepatic encephalopathy for patients with COVID-19, its possible multifaceted mechanisms, and the management of neurological complications in these infected patients.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114280040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Heshmati, Asiyeh Pormehr-Yabandeh, P. Yousefi, Razieh Beigi-Broujeni, Shide Rafat, Fahimeh Timnak
Background: The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is on the rise worldwide. Since nurses are in close contact with infected people, they are a component of the infection transmission chain. Therefore, their knowledge and performance regarding COVID-19 prevention and protection methods can help break the transmission chain. This study aimed to evaluate the self-care level of nurses in charge of caring for patients with COVID-19. Methods: The study population in this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study included all nursing staff working in the hospitals affiliated with the Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. A sample size of 110 nurses was determined adopting the convenience sampling. Data were collected using demographic information as well as questionnaires developed by the researchers to measure the knowledge and performance of the nurses responsible for dealing with COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 158 nurses with a mean age of 33.77±6.92 years participated in the present study, 85.4% of who were female. Half of the participants (51.3%) showed generally good and excellent levels of self-care. Average scores of the knowledge and performance of nurses increased significantly with an increase in age and work experience (P<0.05). Moreover, the knowledge scores of nurses working in internal wards and intensive care unit (ICU) as well as the performance scores of nurses working in internal wards were lower than those of nurses working in COVID-19 wards. Conclusion: It was found that nurses had relatively good knowledge and performance in dealing with COVID-19 patients. However, various factors such as work experience, age, place of work, etc. may have affected the knowledge and performance of nurses. Therefore, it was recommended that the training of medical staff should be organized so that the efforts to control the epidemic were not negatively affected by unintentional errors but were positively directed towards controlling the disease.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Knowledge and Performance of Nurses in Dealing with COVID-19 Disease: A Cross-sectional Study in Southern Iran","authors":"H. Heshmati, Asiyeh Pormehr-Yabandeh, P. Yousefi, Razieh Beigi-Broujeni, Shide Rafat, Fahimeh Timnak","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is on the rise worldwide. Since nurses are in close contact with infected people, they are a component of the infection transmission chain. Therefore, their knowledge and performance regarding COVID-19 prevention and protection methods can help break the transmission chain. This study aimed to evaluate the self-care level of nurses in charge of caring for patients with COVID-19. Methods: The study population in this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study included all nursing staff working in the hospitals affiliated with the Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. A sample size of 110 nurses was determined adopting the convenience sampling. Data were collected using demographic information as well as questionnaires developed by the researchers to measure the knowledge and performance of the nurses responsible for dealing with COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 158 nurses with a mean age of 33.77±6.92 years participated in the present study, 85.4% of who were female. Half of the participants (51.3%) showed generally good and excellent levels of self-care. Average scores of the knowledge and performance of nurses increased significantly with an increase in age and work experience (P<0.05). Moreover, the knowledge scores of nurses working in internal wards and intensive care unit (ICU) as well as the performance scores of nurses working in internal wards were lower than those of nurses working in COVID-19 wards. Conclusion: It was found that nurses had relatively good knowledge and performance in dealing with COVID-19 patients. However, various factors such as work experience, age, place of work, etc. may have affected the knowledge and performance of nurses. Therefore, it was recommended that the training of medical staff should be organized so that the efforts to control the epidemic were not negatively affected by unintentional errors but were positively directed towards controlling the disease.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121321438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rahmani, H. Minoonejad, F. Seidi, Yousef Moghadas Tabrizi
Background: Exercise therapy is one of the most effective methods for dealing with low back pain. The present study aimed to compare to examine the effects of two protocols, i.e., six weeks of lumbar stability exercises (LSE) and global postural reeducation exercises (GPR), followed by a subsequent period of non-training on hip muscle flexibility in men with chronic non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) with lumbar movement control impairment (MCI). Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 46 men suffering from NSLBP with lumbar MCI were selected and randomly divided into three groups (i.e., two exercise groups - one control group). Training intervention groups were allowed to perform exercises for 6 weeks, three sessions per week. Universal goniometer was used to measure the flexibility of hip muscles (i.e., hamstring, rectus femoris, external rotator, and tensor fasciae latae). Repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to compare the effect and durability of the two training protocols on the dependent variables at a significant level. Results: The results showed that both training methods increased hamstring muscle flexibility (P=0.001). GPR method was found superior in increasing the flexibility of the right hip of the subjects in the post-test (P=0.032) and follow-up (P=0.024). However, no significant differences were observed in the other hip muscles flexibility. Conclusion: It was concluded that the GPR method, compared to the lumbar stabilization method, had a greater potential to increase the flexibility of shortened muscles by enhancing the contraction of the antagonist muscles to avoid postural asymmetry. It seems both training protocols were effective in improving hamstring muscle flexibility in people with NSLBP suffering from MCI and this result was observed after both training and 4 weeks of inactivity.
{"title":"Hip Muscle Flexibility After Six Weeks of Lumbar Stabilization and Global Postural Reeducation Exercises in Men With Movement Control Dysfunction: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"A. Rahmani, H. Minoonejad, F. Seidi, Yousef Moghadas Tabrizi","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exercise therapy is one of the most effective methods for dealing with low back pain. The present study aimed to compare to examine the effects of two protocols, i.e., six weeks of lumbar stability exercises (LSE) and global postural reeducation exercises (GPR), followed by a subsequent period of non-training on hip muscle flexibility in men with chronic non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) with lumbar movement control impairment (MCI). Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 46 men suffering from NSLBP with lumbar MCI were selected and randomly divided into three groups (i.e., two exercise groups - one control group). Training intervention groups were allowed to perform exercises for 6 weeks, three sessions per week. Universal goniometer was used to measure the flexibility of hip muscles (i.e., hamstring, rectus femoris, external rotator, and tensor fasciae latae). Repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to compare the effect and durability of the two training protocols on the dependent variables at a significant level. Results: The results showed that both training methods increased hamstring muscle flexibility (P=0.001). GPR method was found superior in increasing the flexibility of the right hip of the subjects in the post-test (P=0.032) and follow-up (P=0.024). However, no significant differences were observed in the other hip muscles flexibility. Conclusion: It was concluded that the GPR method, compared to the lumbar stabilization method, had a greater potential to increase the flexibility of shortened muscles by enhancing the contraction of the antagonist muscles to avoid postural asymmetry. It seems both training protocols were effective in improving hamstring muscle flexibility in people with NSLBP suffering from MCI and this result was observed after both training and 4 weeks of inactivity.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126435953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kameleh Astani, J. Bashiri, H. Pourrazi, M. Nourazar
Background: Diet-induced obesity is associated with several cardiovascular diseases and myocardial apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the myocardial apoptosis in the diet-induced obese rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats, after an obesity induction period, were randomly selected and assigned to four groups including non-obese control (NOC; n=8), basal obese control (BOC; n=8), obese control (OC; n=8), and obese+HIIT (OT; n=8). NOC and BOC groups were sacrificed before the training period. The OT group underwent a HIIT program performed 5 times/week over 12 weeks. Rat hearts were removed 48 hours after the last training session. The Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome-c, Bid, caspase-8, as well as caspase-3 protein expressions were analyzed using western blotting. Data were analyzed using independent t test. Results: After obesity induction period, the Bax, Bid, cytochrome-c, caspase-8, caspase-3 proteins, and Bax/Bcl-2 in BOC were found to be significantly higher than those in NOC (P=0.025, P=0.0001, P=0.013, P=0.017, P=0.01, P=0.18, respectively). However, Bcl-2 protein in BOC was detected to be significantly lower than that in NOC (P=0.025). The results obtained after completing HIIT training showed that Bid, cytochrome-c, caspase-8, caspase-3, and Bax/Bcl-2 in OT were lower than those in OC (P=0.005, P=0.039, P=0.001, P=0.04, P=0.05, respectively). However, Bcl-2 protein in OT was significantly higher than that in OC (P=0.004). No significant difference was found between OT and OC regarding Bax protein (P=0.32). Conclusion: Diet-induced obesity may have exacerbated the myocardial apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. However, it seemed that HIIT training significantly prevented the increase of myocardial apoptosis in obese rats.
{"title":"The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pathways of Myocardial Apoptosis in Diet-Induced Obese Rats","authors":"Kameleh Astani, J. Bashiri, H. Pourrazi, M. Nourazar","doi":"10.34172/hmj.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diet-induced obesity is associated with several cardiovascular diseases and myocardial apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the myocardial apoptosis in the diet-induced obese rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats, after an obesity induction period, were randomly selected and assigned to four groups including non-obese control (NOC; n=8), basal obese control (BOC; n=8), obese control (OC; n=8), and obese+HIIT (OT; n=8). NOC and BOC groups were sacrificed before the training period. The OT group underwent a HIIT program performed 5 times/week over 12 weeks. Rat hearts were removed 48 hours after the last training session. The Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome-c, Bid, caspase-8, as well as caspase-3 protein expressions were analyzed using western blotting. Data were analyzed using independent t test. Results: After obesity induction period, the Bax, Bid, cytochrome-c, caspase-8, caspase-3 proteins, and Bax/Bcl-2 in BOC were found to be significantly higher than those in NOC (P=0.025, P=0.0001, P=0.013, P=0.017, P=0.01, P=0.18, respectively). However, Bcl-2 protein in BOC was detected to be significantly lower than that in NOC (P=0.025). The results obtained after completing HIIT training showed that Bid, cytochrome-c, caspase-8, caspase-3, and Bax/Bcl-2 in OT were lower than those in OC (P=0.005, P=0.039, P=0.001, P=0.04, P=0.05, respectively). However, Bcl-2 protein in OT was significantly higher than that in OC (P=0.004). No significant difference was found between OT and OC regarding Bax protein (P=0.32). Conclusion: Diet-induced obesity may have exacerbated the myocardial apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. However, it seemed that HIIT training significantly prevented the increase of myocardial apoptosis in obese rats.","PeriodicalId":271947,"journal":{"name":"Hormozgan Medical Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132139650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：