O. Cheberyako, D. Nikytenko, Z. Varnalii, V. Kolesnyk, O. Borysenko
In the era of digitalization of the world economy, the main resource is comprehensive, reliable, truthful and upto-date information. The field of the information technology has become a producer of innovations that are beginning to be widely used outside their industry.The research paper considers the innovative blockchain technology, which has been tested in the financial sector using cryptocurrency. Its scope is not limited to the financial sector, it creates social networks, online voting systems, various applications for supply chain control, and etc. Generally, this technology is becoming a factor in the transformation of relations 'state-business', 'business-business', 'population-state', as well as a modern factor of economic development at all hierarchical levels of the economy. The main task of blockchain technology was to ensure trust in society that eliminates confidence by default, as trust is a necessary, but not sufficient, institutional factor for the development at the different levels of the economic system. The paper presents the areas of application of blockchain technologies, most of which were previously under the strict centralized state control, the advantages and disadvantages of this technology were identified. Blockchain technology is being considered from two sides: in terms of its ability to ensure efficiency and productivity at different levels of the national economy (efficiency function) and as an institutional technology - an innovative form of economic coordination that will be an alternative to established conservative forms. The paper shows the practical application of blockchain technology in Ukraine and prospects for its development.
{"title":"INNOVATIVE BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT","authors":"O. Cheberyako, D. Nikytenko, Z. Varnalii, V. Kolesnyk, O. Borysenko","doi":"10.35945/gb.2020.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2020.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of digitalization of the world economy, the main resource is comprehensive, reliable, truthful and upto-date information. The field of the information technology has become a producer of innovations that are beginning to be widely used outside their industry.The research paper considers the innovative blockchain technology, which has been tested in the financial sector using cryptocurrency. Its scope is not limited to the financial sector, it creates social networks, online voting systems, various applications for supply chain control, and etc. Generally, this technology is becoming a factor in the transformation of relations 'state-business', 'business-business', 'population-state', as well as a modern factor of economic development at all hierarchical levels of the economy. The main task of blockchain technology was to ensure trust in society that eliminates confidence by default, as trust is a necessary, but not sufficient, institutional factor for the development at the different levels of the economic system. The paper presents the areas of application of blockchain technologies, most of which were previously under the strict centralized state control, the advantages and disadvantages of this technology were identified. Blockchain technology is being considered from two sides: in terms of its ability to ensure efficiency and productivity at different levels of the national economy (efficiency function) and as an institutional technology - an innovative form of economic coordination that will be an alternative to established conservative forms. The paper shows the practical application of blockchain technology in Ukraine and prospects for its development.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"17 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127442087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-05DOI: 10.35945//gb.2021.11.003
A. Sulaberidze, Joseph Archvadze, N. Gomelauri
Aspects of behavior and functioning of every state, social institute, human are rapidly changing in the modern world. The pandemic occurring at the current stage of societal life has had an essential impact on the development of the society. This was reflected in the changes of humans’ sociological, economic, psychological, educational, cultural and other types of behaviors. In the fight against the global pandemic we notice a societal regress and therefore a wide study of the societal losses caused by the pandemic and coming up with preventive measures on the global as well as regional scale occupy an important place on today’s agenda. Gradually, an opinion to the effect that the world will change and never be the same takes root in a society. Consequently, scientists must answer the following questions coming from the society: how will the coronavirus develop and reach its end, will there be other waves of the virus and how much more dangerous can they be compared to the first one? What will be the new format of the fight against it? How will economy, education, science and culture develop? What kinds of risks and threats are expected to rear up in the world, on its certain continents, countries, etc.? The issue is all the more pressing and urgent not only because of the display of the pandemic’s peculiarities today and in the previous period with regard to various fields of societal development, but also as a result of the need to analyze the possible scenarios and trends of the post-pandemic period in regional perspective. The above-mentioned indicates the necessity of establishing the newest interdisciplinary field of science – pandemology. The fact of the matter is that as opposed to the existing science field of epidemiology, the research object of pandemology is broader and is derived from the global character of pandemics. Epidemiology belongs to the sphere of medicine whereas pandemology has to study not only medical domain but also the consequences caused by economic, demographic, sociological, psychological and other types of behavioral changes itself occasioned by the pandemic on the global scale as well as differentially, according to certain continents and countries. In this regard, we present regional peculiarities of the results of a research conducted in some fields of pandemology, namely, sociology of pandemics and economy of pandemics in Georgia at the initial stage of the coronavirus. Against the background of risk perception and knowledge of the threat of pandemic, the article discusses the self-preservative preventive behavior of the population. It further analyzes the results of the population’s self-caring and economic behavior under those social-economic conditions which are brought about by the pandemic.
{"title":"REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF THE PANDEMIC IN GEORGIA AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE CORONAVIRUS","authors":"A. Sulaberidze, Joseph Archvadze, N. Gomelauri","doi":"10.35945//gb.2021.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945//gb.2021.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"Aspects of behavior and functioning of every state, social institute, human are rapidly changing in the modern world.\u0000The pandemic occurring at the current stage of societal life has had an essential impact on the development of the society. This was reflected in the changes of humans’ sociological, economic, psychological, educational, cultural and other types of behaviors. In the fight against the global pandemic we notice a societal regress and therefore a wide study of the societal losses caused by the pandemic and\u0000coming up with preventive measures on the global as well as regional scale occupy an important place on today’s agenda. Gradually, an opinion to the effect that the world will change and never be the same takes root in a society. Consequently, scientists must answer the following questions coming from the society: how will the coronavirus develop and reach its end, will there be other waves of the virus\u0000and how much more dangerous can they be compared to the first one? What will be the new format of the fight against it? How will economy, education, science and culture develop? What kinds of risks and threats are expected to rear up in the world, on its certain continents, countries, etc.? The issue is all the more pressing and urgent not only because of the display of the pandemic’s peculiarities today and in the previous period with regard to various fields of societal development, but also as a result of the need to analyze the possible scenarios and trends of the post-pandemic period in regional perspective. The above-mentioned indicates the necessity of establishing the newest interdisciplinary field of science – pandemology. The fact of the matter is that as opposed to the existing science field of epidemiology, the research object of pandemology is broader and is derived from the global character of pandemics. Epidemiology belongs to the sphere of medicine whereas pandemology has to study not only medical domain but also the consequences caused by economic, demographic, sociological, psychological and other types of behavioral changes itself occasioned by the pandemic on the global scale as well as differentially, according to certain continents and countries. In this regard, we present regional peculiarities of the\u0000results of a research conducted in some fields of pandemology, namely, sociology of pandemics and economy of pandemics in Georgia at the initial stage of the coronavirus. Against the background of risk perception and knowledge of the threat of pandemic, the article discusses the self-preservative preventive behavior of the population. It further analyzes the results of the population’s self-caring and economic behavior under those social-economic conditions which are brought about by the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127188983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the pandemic we discussed the challenges of the tourism industry. Problems of affected sectors close to the sector were identified. We got acquainted with the opinions, forecasts and assessments of the National Bank data from internal research sources in Georgia. We rely on the research conducted by Geostat, the analysis of the decrease in international visitors, the reduction of costs, the main part of tourism statistics. We reviewed assessments and observations by the World Tourism Organization and European organizations. Opinions of Galt & Taggart’s unparalleled expertise analysts on the current reality of tourism and tourism recovery. We compared the indices with foreign countries. For the purpose of this paper, it is important to analyze the socio-economic situation in the post-pandemic conditions, what are the indicators of restored tourism in Georgia, a global trend. Restaurants are open on weekdays for both indoor and outdoor service, and opened at weekends from 21 May for outdoor service only. Delivery/drive-through services operate every day of the week. Kindergartens and classroom schooling has resumed although distance learning remains in some cases. Shopping malls and open-air markets are open. Systematic COVID testing of staff working in trading, catering and teaching professions is taking place. Working from home continues to be recommended where possible. It is mandatory to wear masks inside shops, hotels and restaurants, and in outdoor public spaces. Failing to do so can result in a 20 L fine for an individual or 500 L for a legal entity. Tourism development priorities need to be defined according to market segments. If neighboring countries choose to vacation at sea and consider visiting mountainous regions in integration, European tourists are mainly interested in our old culture. Ecotourism and gastronomic tourism, which is an expression of the nation's identity, history and traditions, are also discussed in a harmonious union. Stimulating domestic tourism and involving self-governments in tourism management is essential. Domestic tourism will become a good platform for preparation for future tourist flows. Initially, stimulating domestic tourism will be necessary to start a commercial "movement" in the tourism sector. Obviously, different cities will have different challenges in this regard.
{"title":"THE REALITY OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE CHALLENGES OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN GEORGIA","authors":"M. Azmaiparashvili","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the pandemic we discussed the challenges of the tourism industry. Problems of affected sectors close\u0000to the sector were identified. We got acquainted with the opinions, forecasts and assessments of the National Bank data\u0000from internal research sources in Georgia. We rely on the research conducted by Geostat, the analysis of the decrease in\u0000international visitors, the reduction of costs, the main part of tourism statistics. We reviewed assessments and observations\u0000by the World Tourism Organization and European organizations. Opinions of Galt & Taggart’s unparalleled expertise analysts\u0000on the current reality of tourism and tourism recovery. We compared the indices with foreign countries. For the purpose of\u0000this paper, it is important to analyze the socio-economic situation in the post-pandemic conditions, what are the indicators of\u0000restored tourism in Georgia, a global trend.\u0000Restaurants are open on weekdays for both indoor and outdoor service, and opened at weekends from 21 May for outdoor service only. Delivery/drive-through services operate every day of the week. Kindergartens and classroom schooling has\u0000resumed although distance learning remains in some cases. Shopping malls and open-air markets are open. Systematic COVID\u0000testing of staff working in trading, catering and teaching professions is taking place. Working from home continues to be recommended where possible. It is mandatory to wear masks inside shops, hotels and restaurants, and in outdoor public spaces.\u0000Failing to do so can result in a 20 L fine for an individual or 500 L for a legal entity.\u0000Tourism development priorities need to be defined according to market segments. If neighboring countries choose to\u0000vacation at sea and consider visiting mountainous regions in integration, European tourists are mainly interested in our old\u0000culture. Ecotourism and gastronomic tourism, which is an expression of the nation's identity, history and traditions, are also\u0000discussed in a harmonious union.\u0000Stimulating domestic tourism and involving self-governments in tourism management is essential. Domestic tourism will\u0000become a good platform for preparation for future tourist flows. Initially, stimulating domestic tourism will be necessary to\u0000start a commercial \"movement\" in the tourism sector. Obviously, different cities will have different challenges in this regard.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132256405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The successful implementation of the concept of integration with Europe largely depends on the level of development of the transport infrastructure of our country. The integration process, first of all, implies political, socio-cultural, and economic communications, in the implementation of which the role of air transport is irreplaceable. Although the integration process is slow, nevertheless it continues and, following it, the number of citizens using air transport is growing. In this regard, it is interesting to know what the share of national airlines in terms of growth of this indicator is, i.e. what the share of participation of foreign and domestic companies in the total number of transported passengers is. At the same time, air carriers must take into account the environmental conditions that directly or indirectly affect the growth or reduction of passenger flow
{"title":"FACTORS AFFECTING AIR TRANSPORTATION","authors":"Nino Khutchua","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.022","url":null,"abstract":"The successful implementation of the concept of integration with Europe largely depends on the level of development of the transport infrastructure of our country. The integration process, first of all, implies political, socio-cultural, and economic communications, in the implementation of which the role of air transport is irreplaceable. Although the integration process is slow, nevertheless it continues and, following it, the number of citizens using air transport is growing. In this regard, it is interesting to know what the share of national airlines in terms of growth of this indicator is, i.e. what the share of participation of foreign and domestic companies in the total number of transported passengers is. At the same time, air carriers must take into account the environmental conditions that directly or indirectly affect the growth or reduction of passenger flow","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114435881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to ensure that the higher education institutions attain the desired objectives, it is very important to motivate employees to work effectively, which directly depends on their work motivation. When managing motivation, the manager’s job is to activate the motivations that already lie in the employees. Specific activities of the teaching staff in the higher education system are conditioned by motivations of work activities, as well as by the joint action of motivations for choosing profession and motivations for choosing workplace, the ratio of which guides the conduct of employees and creates its motivational structure. Virtually every worker has his/her own motivational structure, in which the leading place is occupied by the motivating core, which is the set of leading motives and stimuli that guide workers at a given point in time. In order to reveal the motivating core in the structure of the teaching staff, we conducted a survey at Akaki Tsereteli State University. A total of 252 respondents took part in the survey of the teaching dtaff. As a result of the survey, motivations that are mostly related to the content of labor and the specific labor conditions typical for the higher education institutions. In order to succeed in organizations and their structure, it is not only desirable, but essential to create, maintain and operate a staff motivation system in continuous development mode. Based on our research, we have identified the areas of motivation and stimulation that are most relevant for Akaki Tsereteli State University today, and based on them, we have developed the motivational program that, in our opinion, will help the university to achieve its strategic goals and successfully meet the challenge.
{"title":"THE STRUCTURE AND SYSTEM OF MOTIVATIONS OF THE TEACHING STAFF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES","authors":"N. Lukhutashvili, T. Valishvili","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"In order to ensure that the higher education institutions attain the desired objectives, it is very important to motivate employees to work effectively, which directly depends on their work motivation. When managing motivation, the manager’s job is to activate the motivations that already lie in the employees. Specific activities of the teaching staff in the higher education system are conditioned by motivations of work activities, as well as by the joint action of motivations for choosing profession and motivations for choosing workplace, the ratio of which guides the conduct of employees and creates its motivational structure. Virtually every worker has his/her own motivational structure, in which the leading place is occupied by the motivating core, which is the set of leading motives and stimuli that guide workers at a given point in time. In order to reveal the motivating core in the structure of the teaching staff, we conducted a survey at Akaki Tsereteli State University. A total of 252 respondents took part in the survey of the teaching dtaff. As a result of the survey, motivations that are mostly related to the content of labor and the specific labor conditions typical for the higher education institutions. In order to succeed in organizations and their structure, it is not only desirable, but essential to create, maintain and operate a staff motivation system in continuous development mode. Based on our research, we have identified the areas of motivation and stimulation that are most relevant for Akaki Tsereteli State University today, and based on them, we have developed the motivational program that, in our opinion, will help the university to achieve its strategic goals and successfully meet the challenge.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114834670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-05DOI: 10.35945//gb.2021.11.005
Mikheil Bichia
Protection of the private sphere has become particularly important in the context of the pandemic, due, on the one hand, to the increasing use of technical means and, on the other, to the use of personal data to prevent infection. Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to define the scope of the concept of a private sphere in order to determine which relationships the public sphere applies to and when privacy begins. In this context, it must be clarified what the reasons are for intervening in the private sphere during the pandemic and whether a limitation of the right can be considered permissible (legal). Using normative-dogmatic, comparative, sociological methods, as well as analysis and synthesis of problems, it was established that the public and private spheres intersect in the information society, which makes it difficult to separate these spheres. However, the increased use of technology during the pandemic was found to pose a greater threat of interference in the private sphere. In this regard, it is important to establish strong and effective cybersecurity mechanisms. Thus, it is true that technological development benefits society and is perceived as a good thing, but at the same time contains the threat of invasion of privacy. This is especially true for the use of personal data during a pandemic to ensure public health. In this case, a conflict of interest arises between the private sphere and public health, which must be resolved by careful examination of the case and taking into account the principle of proportionality, so as not to violate an unreasonable right. A study of European practice has shown that interference in the private life is permissible if the restriction of the right (a) legally, (b) serves the legitimate public interest, (c) such restriction is necessary in a democratic society through the application of other, less restrictive measures. In this regard, it is advisable to determine the priority interest on the basis of a scrupulous analysis using the weighing method and the circumstances outlined above, which will prevent unreasonable interference with someone's rights.
{"title":"THE DANGER OF THE PRIVACY \"DISAPPEARANCE\" DURING A PANDEMIC IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION AND THE GROUNDS FOR ITS LEGITIMACY: AN INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS","authors":"Mikheil Bichia","doi":"10.35945//gb.2021.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945//gb.2021.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"Protection of the private sphere has become particularly important in the context of the pandemic, due, on the one hand, to the increasing use of technical means and, on the other, to the use of personal data to prevent infection.\u0000Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to define the scope of the concept of a private sphere in order to determine which relationships the public sphere applies to and when privacy begins. In this context, it must be clarified what the reasons are\u0000for intervening in the private sphere during the pandemic and whether a limitation of the right can be considered permissible (legal).\u0000Using normative-dogmatic, comparative, sociological methods, as well as analysis and synthesis of problems, it was established that the public and private spheres intersect in the information society, which makes it difficult to separate these\u0000spheres. However, the increased use of technology during the pandemic was found to pose a greater threat of interference in the private sphere. In this regard, it is important to establish strong and effective cybersecurity mechanisms. Thus, it is true\u0000that technological development benefits society and is perceived as a good thing, but at the same time contains the threat of invasion of privacy. This is especially true for the use of personal data during a pandemic to ensure public health. In this case,\u0000a conflict of interest arises between the private sphere and public health, which must be resolved by careful examination of the case and taking into account the principle of proportionality, so as not to violate an unreasonable right.\u0000A study of European practice has shown that interference in the private life is permissible if the restriction of the right (a) legally, (b) serves the legitimate public interest, (c) such restriction is necessary in a democratic society through the\u0000application of other, less restrictive measures. In this regard, it is advisable to determine the priority interest on the basis of a scrupulous analysis using the weighing method and the circumstances outlined above, which will prevent unreasonable\u0000interference with someone's rights.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125497071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, the rapid pace of the current economic globalization process has accelerated the transition of countries to the post-industrial stage of development, the main features of which are knowledge and innovation. The article aims to identify the innovation economy determinants affecting economic growth and comprehensively examine the impact of innovation economy on the country's economic growth. Relevance of the topic. At the end of the twentieth century, the process of globalization of the world's economy has accelerated the transition of countries to the post-industrial development stage, the main features of which are knowledge and innovation. Despite the theoretical assessments, practically no comprehensive study has been conducted of the impact of the innovation economy on the country's economic growth in the Georgian economic literature to this day. Consequently, the determinants of the innovation economy affecting economic growth have not been identified. Due to the above, the formation of an innovation economy at the current stage of Georgia's development is gaining particular urgency as the most crucial economic growth factor. The Scientific Novelty of the Research. Based on the results of the regression equation (dependent variable Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita) in the article, a positive correlation has been found between only a few variables of the innovation economy and the dynamics of GDP in the Eastern Partnership and EU countries. The regression equation results regarding the dynamics of the GDP of these countries indicate that both the export and import of information and communication technologies are in positive correlation with the GDP per capita. As for the high-tech exports, patent applications of residents and non-residents, research and development costs (GDP %), trademark applications, industrial design, and foreign direct investment per capita, these figures are not correlated with GDP.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF AN INNOVATION ECONOMY ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRY","authors":"S. Danelia","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"At the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, the rapid pace of the current economic globalization process has accelerated the transition of countries to the post-industrial stage of development, the main features of which are knowledge and innovation. The article aims to identify the innovation economy determinants affecting economic growth and comprehensively examine the impact of innovation economy on the country's economic growth. Relevance of the topic. At the end of the twentieth century, the process of globalization of the world's economy has accelerated the transition of countries to the post-industrial development stage, the main features of which are knowledge and innovation. Despite the theoretical assessments, practically no comprehensive study has been conducted of the impact of the innovation economy on the country's economic growth in the Georgian economic literature to this day. Consequently, the determinants of the innovation economy affecting economic growth have not been identified. Due to the above, the formation of an innovation economy at the current stage of Georgia's development is gaining particular urgency as the most crucial economic growth factor. The Scientific Novelty of the Research. Based on the results of the regression equation (dependent variable Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita) in the article, a positive correlation has been found between only a few variables of the innovation economy and the dynamics of GDP in the Eastern Partnership and EU countries. The regression equation results regarding the dynamics of the GDP of these countries indicate that both the export and import of information and communication technologies are in positive correlation with the GDP per capita. As for the high-tech exports, patent applications of residents and non-residents, research and development costs (GDP %), trademark applications, industrial design, and foreign direct investment per capita, these figures are not correlated with GDP.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117184168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has paralyzed large parts of the global economy, sharply restricting economic activities and increasing uncertainties. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments across the world implemented lockdown policies to limit the spread of infections. In numerous cases, these policies were eventually extended. The unprecedented and simultaneous shock to global demand and supply have rendered millions unemployed. Governments in developed economies have rushed to provide some financial relief—unemployment benefits, grants and loans—to households and businesses most affected by the collapse of economic activities. Millions in both developed and developing countries, including Georgia, face the ominous prospect of falling back into poverty. Declining growth and rising poverty during the crisis and recovery period will likely increase income and wealth inequality, undermine social cohesion, and breed further discontent and instability around the world. Governments are grappling with measures to minimize the economic impacts of the pandemic. The durat ion and severity of the pandemic and its socioeconomic fallouts, will determine whether the world will be back to the pre-crisis normal economic activities or embrace a new normal in coming years. The pandemic has caused a rift in our cognition and put us in front of a new reality. How do we perceive the rest of the world in the face of a global threat?! Is there a fundamental reassessment of values?! Along with all other areas, recent months’ crisis has once again shown us how unclear economic science can be. No one could predict exactly how deep the crisis would be, how long the global lockdown would last, and what impact it could have on unemployment, inflation, demand and other economic indicators. So far, the only thing that almost all researchers and economists agree is that the cost of lockdowns in many countries is already very high. In the following study, we will discuss two main subjects on the example of Georgia: the problems of the capital markets and the pension fund development and the issue of foreign debt in post-Covid-19 Georgia. This topics are very actual given that the government of Georgia will start serving foreign debt from 2021, in the post-pandemic period. At the same time, the country is reforming the capital market and the pension sector.
{"title":"A NEW UNDERSTANDING OF ECONOMIC CYCLES IN TERMS OF CHRONOLOGY","authors":"Emzar Jgerenaia, Maka Ghaniashvili","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has paralyzed large parts of the global economy, sharply restricting economic activities and increasing uncertainties. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments across the world implemented lockdown policies to limit the spread of infections. In numerous cases, these policies were eventually extended. The unprecedented and simultaneous shock to global demand and supply have rendered millions unemployed. Governments in developed economies have rushed to provide some financial relief—unemployment benefits, grants and loans—to households and businesses most affected by the collapse of economic activities. Millions in both developed and developing countries, including Georgia, face the ominous prospect of falling back into poverty. Declining growth and rising poverty during the crisis and recovery period will likely increase income and wealth inequality, undermine social cohesion, and breed further discontent and instability around the world. Governments are grappling with measures to minimize the economic impacts of the pandemic. The durat ion and severity of the pandemic and its socioeconomic fallouts, will determine whether the world will be back to the pre-crisis normal economic activities or embrace a new normal in coming years. The pandemic has caused a rift in our cognition and put us in front of a new reality. How do we perceive the rest of the world in the face of a global threat?! Is there a fundamental reassessment of values?! Along with all other areas, recent months’ crisis has once again shown us how unclear economic science can be. No one could predict exactly how deep the crisis would be, how long the global lockdown would last, and what impact it could have on unemployment, inflation, demand and other economic indicators. So far, the only thing that almost all researchers and economists agree is that the cost of lockdowns in many countries is already very high. In the following study, we will discuss two main subjects on the example of Georgia: the problems of the capital markets and the pension fund development and the issue of foreign debt in post-Covid-19 Georgia. This topics are very actual given that the government of Georgia will start serving foreign debt from 2021, in the post-pandemic period. At the same time, the country is reforming the capital market and the pension sector.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126675852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to make a rational decision in economic policy, it is necessary to examine and understand the importance of conformity tools towards the goal. This should be done in relation to the whole system of goals, including the goals that are recognized as core values. Criteria needed to reduce decision-making costs require a criterion that facilitates evaluation. We should also consider which tools are allowed to solve a specific problem based on the economic policy program. Such a program is a concept of economic policy. It provides us with sufficient and unambiguous information on substantive and politically significant consensus. It is a matter of consensus that the economy, as an integral part of a more inclusive system of public goals, has a subordinate place. This condition determines its value. Considering these circumstances, it is easy to determine whether the goal is conforming to the system. Conformity to the system is the criterion by which it is measured, which is the main thing in the concept of a given economic policy. In determining the long-term socio-economic development strategy of the country in the process of economic policy-making, it is important to ensure the targeted orientation of macroeconomic parameters at the macro-systemic level. In addition, the level of the country's economy and social sphere, the state of entrepreneurial activity and the business environment in general, the peculiarities of cultural characteristics, the existing mechanism of socio-economic relations (institutions) and the peculiarities of value orientations of society should be taken into account.
{"title":"THE PROBLEM OF DOSING AND DELAYS IN THE PROCESS OF USAGE OF ECONOMIC\u0000POLICY INSTRUMENTS","authors":"R. Gvelesiani, Givi Bedianashvili","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"In order to make a rational decision in economic policy, it is necessary to examine and understand the importance of conformity tools towards the goal. This should be done in relation to the whole system of goals, including the goals that are\u0000recognized as core values. Criteria needed to reduce decision-making costs require a criterion that facilitates evaluation. We should also consider which tools are allowed to solve a specific problem based on the economic policy program. Such a program\u0000is a concept of economic policy. It provides us with sufficient and unambiguous information on substantive and politically significant consensus. It is a matter of consensus that the economy, as an integral part of a more inclusive system of public goals, has a subordinate place. This condition determines its value. Considering these circumstances, it is easy to determine whether the goal is conforming to the system. Conformity to the system is the criterion by which it is measured, which is the main thing in the concept of a given economic policy.\u0000In determining the long-term socio-economic development strategy of the country in the process of economic policy-making, it is important to ensure the targeted orientation of macroeconomic parameters at the macro-systemic level. In addition, the\u0000level of the country's economy and social sphere, the state of entrepreneurial activity and the business environment in general,\u0000the peculiarities of cultural characteristics, the existing mechanism of socio-economic relations (institutions) and the peculiarities of value orientations of society should be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":" April","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113946916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research project “Active Engagement of society in Health care policy” studies hospitals, medical personnel (doctors and nurses) and patients as the main components of Healthcare System in Georgia, targeting two regions Tbilisi and Kutaisi. The initial aim of this research project was to answer the following questions: what is the disposition, viewpoint of the hospital management representatives, medical personnel and patients towards the healthcare policy? What is the level of quality of health services for patients? What is the level of awareness? How actively are different parties involved in the health care system? Project description. The health care policy of Georgia must respond to contemporary challenges and enhance the wellbeing of the public. Given the relevance of the issue, it is important to study and analyze the public awareness towards the development of a rational health care policy that is focused on delivering competitive medical services. The main novelty of the study is to involve three different stakeholders: hospital management, medical personnel and patients in the research process. Each group has a specific interest and attitude, which in turn determines the degree and extent of their engagement, but each of them proves the need for changes. The study revealed that patients as the final recipients of medical services are informed about health funding higher than average based on data analysis from both clinics from Tbilisi and Kutaisi (50% of respondents are fully informed, 40% partially informed, and 10% are uninformed). 80% of patients receive information about medical funding directly from their medical staff at a particular place, where they receive health care service. 87.5% of hospital managers are actively involved in the process of change and collaborate with government health legislation. When it comes to both capital and on-going costs, 87.5% of the funding is spent by mobilizing the internal funds of the clinics, while only 12% comes from complex financing. 83.3% of medical personnel believe that they are involved in the process of clinic’s management and thus in healthcare policy. They generally see the changes to be implemented with the following justifications: improvement of material-technical base of hospitals 8.3%, organizational structure 16.7%, legislative 33.3%, Insurance package optimization for patients 16.7%. This mandates the need for improvement of legislative and insurance reforms. Previous studies of Georgia›s health care system, consistently demonstrated the satisfaction of beneficiaries of a universal health care program with medical services. This data strongly supports the high level of satisfaction of patients with the quality of received medical services in this study. The data analysis showed that patients› average satisfaction with the quality of medical services is 4.8 out of 5 for both cities. Despite the increasing satisfaction with quality of medical service for patients, is a subj
{"title":"HEALTHCARE POLICY OF GEORGIA AND ACTIVE ENGAGEMENT OF SOCIETY","authors":"N. Mikiashvili, Tinatin Tarashvili","doi":"10.35945/gb.2020.10.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2020.10.023","url":null,"abstract":"The research project “Active Engagement of society in Health care policy” studies hospitals, medical personnel (doctors and nurses) and patients as the main components of Healthcare System in Georgia, targeting two regions\u0000Tbilisi and Kutaisi. The initial aim of this research project was to answer the following questions: what is the disposition, viewpoint of the hospital management representatives, medical personnel and patients towards the healthcare policy? What\u0000is the level of quality of health services for patients? What is the level of awareness? How actively are different parties involved in the health care system?\u0000Project description. The health care policy of Georgia must respond to contemporary challenges and enhance the wellbeing of the public. Given the relevance of the issue, it is important to study and analyze the public awareness towards the development of a rational health care policy that is focused on delivering competitive medical services. The main novelty of the study is to involve three different stakeholders: hospital management, medical personnel and patients in the research process. Each group has a specific interest and attitude, which in turn determines the degree and extent of their engagement, but each of them proves the need for changes.\u0000The study revealed that patients as the final recipients of medical services are informed about health funding higher than average based on data analysis from both clinics from Tbilisi and Kutaisi (50% of respondents are fully informed, 40% partially informed, and 10% are uninformed). 80% of patients receive information about medical funding directly from their medical staff at a particular place, where they receive health care service. 87.5% of hospital managers are actively involved in the process of change and collaborate with government health legislation. When it comes to both capital and on-going costs, 87.5% of the funding is spent by mobilizing the internal funds of the clinics, while only 12% comes from complex financing. 83.3% of medical personnel believe that they are involved in the process of clinic’s management and thus in healthcare policy.\u0000They generally see the changes to be implemented with the following justifications: improvement of material-technical base of hospitals 8.3%, organizational structure 16.7%, legislative 33.3%, Insurance package optimization for patients 16.7%. This\u0000mandates the need for improvement of legislative and insurance reforms.\u0000Previous studies of Georgia›s health care system, consistently demonstrated the satisfaction of beneficiaries of a universal health care program with medical services. This data strongly supports the high level of satisfaction of patients with\u0000the quality of received medical services in this study. The data analysis showed that patients› average satisfaction with the quality of medical services is 4.8 out of 5 for both cities. Despite the increasing satisfaction with quality of medical service for\u0000patients, is a subj","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"356 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123103536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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