The crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has not only economic character, it is multifaceted, so ways to tackle the problem are more complex and ambiguous. Measures to protect the health of the population often comes into conflict with economic recovery measures, which raises the issue of their proper balancing. At the same time, financial, moral and material support should be provided to the vulnerable sections of the society, at the same time, the party creating the demand for labor should be encouraged to maintain jobs. Recovering the economy requires a comprehensive and consistent strategy based on the interests of each citizen. It is important to have an active social dialogue between employers 'and entrepreneurs' organizations and employees. These measures are relatively easy to implement for countries with high incomes and developed economies, while for low-income countries, the use of fiscal and monetary policy instruments is limited and therefore becomes a more difficult process. In such a case, it is recommended to differentiate the directions of the state employment policy according to the priority. The first line of action in the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic should be to stop the growth of poverty caused by declining employment income from reduced employment. As mentioned above, the government's anti-crisis plan even provides for passive policy measures and appropriate funding. However, it should be noted that the simplification of bureaucratic procedures related to the issuance and administration of targeted benefits would also be desirable. The activation of passive policy has accelerated the "formalization" of informal employees, it is recommended to continue working in this direction through a different prism to prevent the growth of precariate in the labor market. It is advisable to increase the number of jobs in the formal sector, to adequately remunerate the qualifications and energy expended, to create normal working conditions and to provide real protection of the labor rights of the employees. It is recommended to finance various projects and startups to promote self-employment and motivate the unemployed people. An important measure is the systematic research of labor market needs, which creates a clear picture of the requirements in the field of employment in the policy-making process and is a vector in the planning of training relevant qualified personnel. The latter will help to eliminate the most important problems of the Georgian labor market - the imbalance between labor demand and supply.
{"title":"STATE EMPLOYMENT POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC CRISIS IN GEORGIA","authors":"Irma Tkemaladze","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.10.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"The crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has not only economic character, it is multifaceted, so ways to tackle the problem are more complex and ambiguous. Measures to protect the health of the population often comes into conflict with economic recovery measures, which raises the issue of their proper balancing. At the same time, financial, moral and material support should be provided to the vulnerable sections of the society, at the same time, the party creating the demand for labor should be encouraged to maintain jobs. Recovering the economy requires a comprehensive and consistent strategy based on the interests of each citizen. It is important to have an active social dialogue between employers 'and\u0000entrepreneurs' organizations and employees. These measures are relatively easy to implement for countries with high incomes and developed economies, while for low-income countries, the use of fiscal and monetary policy instruments is\u0000limited and therefore becomes a more difficult process. In such a case, it is recommended to differentiate the directions of the state employment policy according to the priority. The first line of action in the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic should\u0000be to stop the growth of poverty caused by declining employment income from reduced employment. As mentioned above, the government's anti-crisis plan even provides for passive policy measures and appropriate funding. However, it should\u0000be noted that the simplification of bureaucratic procedures related to the issuance and administration of targeted benefits would also be desirable. The activation of passive policy has accelerated the \"formalization\" of informal employees, it is\u0000recommended to continue working in this direction through a different prism to prevent the growth of precariate in the labor market. It is advisable to increase the number of jobs in the formal sector, to adequately remunerate the qualifications and\u0000energy expended, to create normal working conditions and to provide real protection of the labor rights of the employees. It is recommended to finance various projects and startups to promote self-employment and motivate the unemployed people.\u0000An important measure is the systematic research of labor market needs, which creates a clear picture of the requirements in the field of employment in the policy-making process and is a vector in the planning of training relevant qualified personnel.\u0000The latter will help to eliminate the most important problems of the Georgian labor market - the imbalance between labor demand and supply.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115336044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reforms in the field of education have been going on for almost 30 years since Georgia gained its independence. During the period, numbers of ministers and heads of educational institutions were replaced. Unfortunately, the subject of graduate employment remains an unresolved issue. Higher education institutions (HEIs) are crucial in training qualified graduates and employing them according their profession. The given paper presents the qualitative analysis of Higher Education Institutions involvement in the context of graduate employment. The study involves all accredited universities and teaching universities located in the regions of Georgia by January 2020, which had at least first-generation of graduates. This approach determines the reliability and validity of the study. Hence, the research encompasses 4 universities and 6 teaching universities located in the regions of Georgia. The aim of the research is to evaluating the current conditions of HEIs in relation to labor market stakeholders, determine the problems and challenges in regards of graduates’ employment by profession. Analyze the functions of career services and outline the aspects that create horizontal and vertical unemployment of graduates. The presented article is one of the first academic attempt that examines region based Higher Educational Institutions by qualitative research method, using interview technique. Therefore, its scientific and practical significance is important in terms of the developing regional and then national higher educational environment.
{"title":"SURVEY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS INVOLVEMENT IN THE REGIONS OF GEORGIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GRADUATE EMPLOYMENT","authors":"N. Tsiklashvili, Tamari Poladashvili","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"Reforms in the field of education have been going on for almost 30 years since Georgia gained its independence.\u0000During the period, numbers of ministers and heads of educational institutions were replaced. Unfortunately, the subject of graduate employment remains an unresolved issue. Higher education institutions (HEIs) are crucial in training qualified\u0000graduates and employing them according their profession. The given paper presents the qualitative analysis of Higher Education Institutions involvement in the context of graduate employment. The study involves all accredited universities and teaching universities located in the regions of Georgia by January 2020, which had at least first-generation of graduates. This approach determines the reliability and validity of the\u0000study. Hence, the research encompasses 4 universities and 6 teaching universities located in the regions of Georgia. The aim of the research is to evaluating the current conditions of HEIs in relation to labor market stakeholders, determine\u0000the problems and challenges in regards of graduates’ employment by profession. Analyze the functions of career services and outline the aspects that create horizontal and vertical unemployment of graduates. The presented article is one of the first academic attempt that examines region based Higher Educational Institutions\u0000by qualitative research method, using interview technique. Therefore, its scientific and practical significance is important in terms of the developing regional and then national higher educational environment.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125486396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The last two years in the history of mankind can be characterized as the beginning of a nation of difficulties caused by the spread of the coronavirus pandemic. The pandemic has broken all borders (political, legal, state) and overcoming the transboundary global crisis has necessitated the participation of all levels of government and the private sector. The pandemic, along with human health, attacks the socio-economic sphere and poses obvious threats of economic depression, rising unemployment and poverty, limited social contacts, and many other negative events. This threat affects the state and municipal management and, consequently, the public services provided by them. Unfortunately, unlike trade and education, these types of services are largely impossible to digitize. In the current situation, the attention of citizens and business representatives is drawn to the actions of the state, as its activities and management skills have acquired much more function. Meeting the needs of citizens in a pandemic requires the use of approaches based on new technologies, new forms of interaction and innovative methods of work. The economic sustainability of public administration occupies an important place in public policy as a determinant of public sector modernization, support, optimization of functioning, and improvement of public services. This acquired a special load during the crisis caused by the coronapandemic. The ongoing coronavirus pandemic dictates that it is necessary to develop new approaches to state intervention and public service delivery systems in all areas of public life in times of crisis in order to respond optimally to the needs of citizens
{"title":"IMPACT OF COVID 19 ON PUBLIC SERVICE SUPPLY (IN THE CONTEXT OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT)","authors":"N. Rusadze, Ekaterina Zakaradze, Aza Ipshiradze","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.12.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"The last two years in the history of mankind can be characterized as the beginning of a nation of difficulties caused by the spread of the coronavirus pandemic. The pandemic has broken all borders (political, legal, state) and overcoming the transboundary global crisis has necessitated the participation of all levels of government and the private sector. The pandemic, along with human health, attacks the socio-economic sphere and poses obvious threats of economic depression, rising unemployment and poverty, limited social contacts, and many other negative events. This threat affects the\u0000state and municipal management and, consequently, the public services provided by them. Unfortunately, unlike trade and education, these types of services are largely impossible to digitize. In the current situation, the attention of citizens and business representatives is drawn to the actions of the state, as its activities and management skills have acquired much more function. Meeting the needs of citizens in a pandemic requires the use of approaches based on new technologies, new forms of interaction and innovative methods of work. The economic sustainability of public administration occupies an important place in public policy as a determinant of public sector modernization, support, optimization of functioning, and improvement of public services. This acquired a special load during the crisis caused by the coronapandemic.\u0000The ongoing coronavirus pandemic dictates that it is necessary to develop new approaches to state intervention and public service delivery systems in all areas of public life in times of crisis in order to respond optimally to the needs of citizens","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"140 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120820383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses the relatively modern Agile approach to project management, its difference from the traditional Waterfall approach, Agile application area, history and principles, advantages and difficulties of implementation and its use. Article discusses the most popular Agile methods (Scram, Kanban, Scramban), global statistics of the most frequently used relevant management software, and the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in project management; Changes resulting from the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic, which affected approaches, hybridization of approaches, methods and technologies used. The article is based on global and Georgian market research. The article includes research conducted in Georgia by the author of the article, among seventy relevant specialists from up to sixty organizations. The study outlines the scope and areas of the agile approach, the most commonly used methods and software.
{"title":"AGILE PROJECT MANAGEMENT APPROACH, METHODS AND ITS APPLICATION IN GEORGIA","authors":"Nino Gorgadze","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.12.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.12.027","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the relatively modern Agile approach to project management, its difference from the traditional Waterfall approach, Agile application area, history and principles, advantages and difficulties of implementation and its use. Article discusses the most popular Agile methods (Scram, Kanban, Scramban), global statistics of the most frequently used relevant management software, and the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in project management; Changes resulting from the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic, which affected approaches, hybridization of approaches, methods and technologies used. The article is based on global and Georgian market research. The article includes research conducted in Georgia by the author of the article, among seventy relevant specialists from up to sixty organizations. The study outlines the scope and areas of the agile approach, the most commonly used methods and software.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121586050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A market economic system based on the means of production is characterized by fundamental uncertainty. The differences between the fundamental uncertainties and the risks lie in the fact that it is impossible to empirically measure the level and dynamics of future threats. A correct understanding of the uncertainty is essential for the study and analysis of the crisis. Under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, world economy found itself in a new global crisis, which had a significant impact on the rise of economic and social uncertainty, the degree of which is so high that it is impossible to predict the model of the economic and social development due to the current pandemic. The current economic crisis is characterized not only by global losses but also by the limited sources of compensation. According to scientists (Adžić & Al-Mansour, 2021) a crisis of this magnitude is the most unprecedented economic event of the last century. The COVID-19 world pandemic crisis has limited a traditional opportunities for small business, accordingly has emerged a new one. The most difficult problem was created in the value chain. Small business is a heavily dependent on consumers and suppliers behaviour, therefore, changes in the value chain have a significant impact on all of its participants. The closure of national borders has led to the disruption of the logistics network; And after the reduction of the stocks, it threatens to almost all participants in this network. It is important to consider the uncertainties and risks that are involved while studying small business crisis behavior. As a result even the most trained institutions are approaching disaster. After a pandemic, the universe will find itself in a larger, no less turbulent zone. Prior to the crisis, cost was the most important criterion while choosing a supply chain that had led to single suppliers and small stocks for small businesses. As it seems during the pandemic, this choice turned out to be one of the most important causes of the small business crisis. At the same time, dependence on one supplier has undergone a transformation into the need to diversify stocks, that has led to an increase in funding sources and which has led to the financial instability of a small company. These examples of the correlation between environmental and small business threats have illustrated the need for a global vision in order to adapt anti-crisis behavior model .A global vision is certainly needed. There is no single, optimal choice for overcoming uncertainty, however, the importance of the multivariate strategies is an important. Small firms found themselves unprepared for such approaches, leading to a high level of uncertainty. As well as, when a small business is in the early stages of its life cycle, the lack of experience limits its choice, and the lack of resources prevents it from choosing an effective strategy, that has exacerbated the problems of the small firms.
{"title":"PERSPECTIVES OF SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY CAUSED BY COVID PANDEMICS","authors":"T. Shengelia","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.12.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"A market economic system based on the means of production is characterized by fundamental uncertainty. The differences between the fundamental uncertainties and the risks lie in the fact that it is impossible to empirically measure the\u0000level and dynamics of future threats. A correct understanding of the uncertainty is essential for the study and analysis of the crisis. Under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, world economy found itself in a new global crisis, which had a significant\u0000impact on the rise of economic and social uncertainty, the degree of which is so high that it is impossible to predict the model of the economic and social development due to the current pandemic. The current economic crisis is characterized not only by\u0000global losses but also by the limited sources of compensation. According to scientists (Adžić & Al-Mansour, 2021) a crisis of this magnitude is the most unprecedented economic event of the last century. The COVID-19 world pandemic crisis has limited a traditional opportunities for small business, accordingly has emerged a\u0000new one. The most difficult problem was created in the value chain. Small business is a heavily dependent on consumers and suppliers behaviour, therefore, changes in the value chain have a significant impact on all of its participants. The closure of\u0000national borders has led to the disruption of the logistics network;\u0000And after the reduction of the stocks, it threatens to almost all participants in this network. It is important to consider the uncertainties and risks that are involved while studying small business crisis behavior. As a result even the most trained institutions are approaching disaster. After a pandemic, the universe will find itself in a larger, no\u0000less turbulent zone. Prior to the crisis, cost was the most important criterion while choosing a supply chain that had led to single suppliers and small stocks for small businesses. As it seems during the pandemic, this choice turned out to be one of the most important causes of the small business crisis. At the same time, dependence on one supplier has undergone a transformation into the need to diversify stocks, that has led to an increase in funding sources and which has led to the financial instability of a small company. These examples of the correlation between environmental and small business threats have illustrated the need for a global vision in order to adapt anti-crisis behavior model .A global vision is certainly needed. There is no single, optimal choice for overcoming uncertainty, however, the importance of the multivariate strategies is an important. Small firms found themselves unprepared for such approaches, leading to a high level of uncertainty. As well as, when a small business is in the early stages of\u0000its life cycle, the lack of experience limits its choice, and the lack of resources prevents it from choosing an effective strategy, that has exacerbated the problems of the small firms.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124579294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many countries suffer from Balance of Payments deficits. However, proper analysis is needed to determine how systemic, strategically balanced, and objective it is. The pandemic has proven to be an excellent diagnostician for assessing the robustness of current economic strategies in general and in relation to the Balance of Payments. It, like the litmus paper, highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of the economic strategies implemented by the countries. And that should be the main lesson the world has learned from the pandemic. Georgia, with persistent Balance of Payments deficit, is becoming increasingly vulnerable to global changes caused by pandemic processes. The current account deficit in 2020 was 12.5 percent of GDP, up from 5.5 percent in 2019. The development of a worse-case scenario for the growth of the deficit was significantly hampered by the increase in remittances inflows, which was less expected in the context of global lockdowns around the world. However, in reviewing developments over the last two decades, the paper finds that the still-high dependence of current account on remittances continues to maintain the volatility of Balance of Payments. Moreover, favorable conditions for the development of international tourism in the country have raised high expectations for this activity, although this sector is very sensitive to a number of external and global factors, as confirmed by the current pandemic. Thus, the article recommends considering international tourism as an additional source of foreign exchange inflows into the country, and not as one of the main and decisive ones. The deterioration of the Balance of Payments and the reduction of foreign exchange earnings create unfavorable prospects in terms of dealing with growing international financial liabilities. According to 2020 statistical data, the country's international financial liabilities were 2.3 times higher than GDP, of which debt liabilities - 129.9 percent of GDP, while the total foreign exchange inflows of the Balance of Payments, which are intended to serve these liabilities, in the same year amounted to only 55.4 percent of GDP. These data show that there are no alternatives to choosing the right strategy for achieving a reasonable relationship between trajectories of external liabilities and foreign exchange earnings, taking measures to improve the Balance of Payments. The purpose of this article is to clarify the nature of the country's Balance of Payments deficit; How realistic the prospect of mitigating the degree of vulnerability to global factors is in a small economy with limited resources; How we can turn a problem into an opportunity. On the other hand, it is unknown when the crisis, known as COVID-19, will stop finally, it is important to critically evaluate both the pros and cons of given economic policy "... in order to make the economic development agenda more rational, responsive, results- and long-term perspectives oriented” (Aslamazishvili, 20
{"title":"PANDEMIC AND RECENT TRENDS IN BALANCE OF PAYMENTS: THE CASE OF GEORGIA","authors":"Nana Aslamazishvili","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries suffer from Balance of Payments deficits. However, proper analysis is needed to determine how systemic, strategically balanced, and objective it is. The pandemic has proven to be an excellent diagnostician for assessing the robustness of current economic strategies in general and in relation to the Balance of Payments. It, like the litmus paper, highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of the economic strategies implemented by the countries. And that should be the main lesson the\u0000world has learned from the pandemic. Georgia, with persistent Balance of Payments deficit, is becoming increasingly vulnerable to global changes caused by pandemic processes. The current account deficit in 2020 was 12.5 percent of GDP, up from 5.5 percent in 2019. The development of a worse-case scenario for the growth of the deficit was significantly hampered by the increase in remittances inflows, which\u0000was less expected in the context of global lockdowns around the world. However, in reviewing developments over the last two decades, the paper finds that the still-high dependence of current account on remittances continues to maintain the volatility\u0000of Balance of Payments. Moreover, favorable conditions for the development of international tourism in the country have raised high expectations for this activity, although this sector is very sensitive to a number of external and global factors, as confirmed by the current pandemic. Thus, the article recommends considering international tourism as an additional source of foreign exchange inflows into the country, and not as one of the main and decisive ones. The deterioration of the Balance of Payments and the reduction of foreign exchange earnings create unfavorable prospects in terms of dealing with growing international financial liabilities. According to 2020 statistical data, the country's international financial liabilities were 2.3 times higher than GDP, of which debt liabilities - 129.9 percent of GDP, while the total foreign exchange inflows of the Balance of Payments, which are intended to serve these liabilities, in the same year amounted to only 55.4 percent of GDP. These data show that there are no alternatives to choosing the right strategy for achieving a reasonable relationship between trajectories of external liabilities and foreign exchange earnings, taking measures to improve the Balance of Payments. The purpose of this article is to clarify the nature of the country's Balance of Payments deficit; How realistic the prospect of mitigating the degree of vulnerability to global factors is in a small economy with limited resources; How we can turn a problem into an opportunity. On the other hand, it is unknown when the crisis, known as COVID-19, will stop finally, it is important to critically evaluate both the pros and cons of given economic policy \"... in order to make the economic development agenda more rational, responsive, results- and long-term perspectives oriented” (Aslamazishvili, 20","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132537467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-05DOI: 10.35945//gb.2021.11.007
M. Mercan
This article investigates the link between commercial bank risk-taking and various factors. I use a panel data model to look at bank-specific and macroeconomic factors in order to evaluate bank risk-taking using sample evidence from Georgian commercial banks. The time span chosen, 2006-2014, considers the impact of the country’s persistent financial and economic difficulties. I look at capitalization, efficiency, capital structure, size, profitability, non-deposit financing, economic growth, revenue diversification, industry concentration, interest rates, inflation, and as variables that influence bank risk.
{"title":"DETERMINANT FACTORS INFLUENCE BANK RISK-TAKING: EVIDENCE FROM COMMERCIAL BANK OF GEORGIA","authors":"M. Mercan","doi":"10.35945//gb.2021.11.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945//gb.2021.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the link between commercial bank risk-taking and various factors. I use a panel data model to look at bank-specific and macroeconomic factors in order to evaluate bank risk-taking using sample evidence from Georgian commercial banks. The time span chosen, 2006-2014, considers the impact of the country’s persistent financial and economic difficulties. I look at capitalization, efficiency, capital structure, size, profitability, non-deposit financing, economic growth, revenue diversification, industry concentration, interest rates, inflation, and as variables that influence bank risk.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116234053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research covers the study of old technologies and approaches towards sustainable building, plant/tree medicines and non-timber forest products, ways of maintaining water purity and harvesting rainwater, urban farming and energy efficient lifestyle. Implementing these techniques into the framework of our society, will cause an economic awakening. A shifting to new realizations that the current stream contains much waste and unproductivity, which can change by harmonizing old and new technologies. Knowing how to apply these in modern life, is essential for the ecological economic growth of the future. It is a way of thinking, within all sectors, to enhance not only peoples’ daily lives and atmosphere, but the self-reliance and health of the nation itself. The study highlights the importance of the art of building with stone for sustainable housing and tourism development; while the usage of trees and herbs provides not only healing benefits but also business opportunities. The health of the country is as good as the purity of its water, in so many places there is little or no water, when the rain water provides an abundance of this vital source, but only when it can be collected and stored by proper facilities. Urban farming connects the new generation back to nature and gives knowledge of food production within industrialized society. With the mentioned tools, we can set an ever-increasing long-term goal to sustainable economic growth. This work was supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation (SRNSF) (PHDF-18-627, Spatial-Territorial Planning and Economic Development Opportunities of Regions).
研究包括对可持续建筑的旧技术和方法的研究，植物/树木药物和非木材森林产品，保持水纯度和收集雨水的方法，城市农业和节能生活方式。将这些技术应用到我们的社会框架中，将会引起经济觉醒。转变到新的认识，即当前的流程包含许多浪费和无生产力，这可以通过协调旧技术和新技术来改变。知道如何将这些应用到现代生活中，对未来的生态经济增长至关重要。这是一种思维方式，在所有部门，不仅提高人民的日常生活和气氛，而且自力更生和国家本身的健康。该研究强调了石材建筑艺术对可持续住房和旅游业发展的重要性;而树木和草药的使用不仅提供了治疗的好处，而且还提供了商机。国家的健康与水的纯净一样好，在许多地方，很少或没有水，当雨水提供了丰富的这一重要来源时，但只有当雨水能够被适当的设施收集和储存时。城市农业将新一代与自然联系起来，并提供工业化社会中粮食生产的知识。有了上述工具，我们就可以为经济可持续增长设定一个不断提高的长期目标。本研究得到Shota Rustaveli国家科学基金(SRNSF) (PHDF-18-627, Spatial-Territorial Planning and Economic Development Opportunities of Regions)资助。
{"title":"ON THE USAGE OF OLD AND MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY","authors":"M. Jibuti","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"Research covers the study of old technologies and approaches towards sustainable building, plant/tree medicines and non-timber forest products, ways of maintaining water purity and harvesting rainwater, urban farming and energy efficient lifestyle. Implementing these techniques into the framework of our society, will cause an economic awakening. A shifting to new realizations that the current stream contains much waste and unproductivity, which can change by harmonizing old and new technologies. Knowing how to apply these in modern life, is essential for the ecological economic growth of the future. It is a way of thinking, within all sectors, to enhance not only peoples’ daily lives and atmosphere, but the self-reliance and health of the nation itself. The study highlights the importance of the art of building with stone for sustainable housing and tourism development; while the usage of trees and herbs provides not only healing benefits but also business opportunities. The health of the country is as good as the purity of its water, in so many places there is little or no water, when the rain water provides an abundance of this vital source, but only when it can be collected and stored by proper facilities. Urban farming connects the new generation back to nature and gives knowledge of food production within industrialized society. With the mentioned tools, we can set an ever-increasing long-term goal to sustainable economic growth. This work was supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation (SRNSF) (PHDF-18-627, Spatial-Territorial Planning and Economic Development Opportunities of Regions).","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122163429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Covid-19 pandemic has posed a major challenge to the entire world. Even for the countries with big economics this challenge turned out to be hard to overcome. The “paused” world tried to fight against the most inexplicable economic crisis with the use of digital technologies. The era of digital technology development is a period of limitless possibilities for modern managers. Managing a company easily and efficiently is already unthinkable without information technology and digital platforms maintaining competitiveness in the market, relieving employees from routine tasks, optimizing processes, taking care of development - these are the minimum requirements, that are difficult to achieve in modern conditions without technological progress. The issue of information security and integration of modern technologies, in the management process, during the COVID-19 pandemic, became even more urgent and vital for some organizations, as many of them had to work remotely for quite a long time during the entire period. Every good project manager knows that one of the main tools for effectively developing a team and completing a project with the best results is fast and quality communication. To ensure this, companies use platforms where employees can centrally and transparently communicate with each other and monitor the progress of the work process. In the conditions of switching to remote work mode, it has become a daily necessity to hold meetings, trainings, conferences and lectures or lessons online, therefore, it is important to select programs tailored to the specifics of our activity, which are specially designed for this purpose. In this case, Georgia turned out to be quite ready, too. Within just couple of days the country managed to organize the transition of the state as well as private sector to the remote working mode, and got the 2nd place among the top 50 countries, where remote working is the most convenient and comfortable
{"title":"COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE READINESS OF THE EMPLOYERS IN GEORGIA","authors":"S. Imnaishvili, N. Kavtaradze","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has posed a major challenge to the entire world. Even for the countries with big economics this challenge turned out to be hard to overcome. The “paused” world tried to fight against the most inexplicable economic crisis with the use of digital technologies. The era of digital technology development is a period of limitless possibilities for modern managers. Managing a company easily and efficiently is already unthinkable without information technology and digital platforms maintaining competitiveness in the market, relieving employees from routine tasks, optimizing processes, taking care of development - these are the minimum requirements, that are difficult to achieve in modern conditions without technological progress. The issue of information security and integration of modern technologies, in the management process, during the COVID-19 pandemic, became even more urgent and vital for some organizations, as many of them had to work remotely for quite a long time during the entire period. Every good project manager knows that one of the main tools for effectively developing a team and completing a project with the best results is fast and quality communication. To ensure this, companies use platforms where employees can centrally and transparently communicate with each other and monitor the progress of the work process. In the conditions of switching to remote work mode, it has become a daily necessity to hold meetings, trainings, conferences and lectures or lessons online, therefore, it is important to select programs tailored to the specifics of our activity, which are specially designed for this purpose. In this case, Georgia turned out to be quite ready, too. Within just couple of days the country managed to organize the transition of the state as well as private sector to the remote working mode, and got the 2nd place among the top 50 countries, where remote working is the most convenient and comfortable","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134162675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Identifies the strategic priorities for the development of tourism in the Kherson region and develops proposals for the realization of the tourist potential of the region during the pandemic in the article. It is established that the development of domestic tourism in the Kherson region during the pandemic requires a number of tasks: ensuring the accessibility of tourist facilities. The goal will be achieved with the introduction of a multilingual marking and navigation system in the Kherson region; organizing and creating route maps for landmarks of history and culture of the region; marking and marking the routes of the hospitality and tourism industry; improving conditions and providing tourist routes with infrastructure for tourists to visit. The advantages of Kherson region as a territory for active development of the hospitality and tourism industry in the era of the pandemic are highlighted. It is determined that for the active and successful development of the tourism business of the region during the pandemic COVID-19 it is necessary to coordinate and coordinate the implementation of measures by the authorities and economic agents: to improve the quality of tourism services; create conditions for the promotion of the tourist product; extend the tourist season; to promote the development of entrepreneurship, including in rural areas; create conditions for the development of domestic tourism; support for craft production.
{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURIST BUSINESS OF THE KHERSON REGION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"Victoria Hranovska, Liudmyla Aleshchenko","doi":"10.35945/gb.2021.11.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2021.11.021","url":null,"abstract":"Identifies the strategic priorities for the development of tourism in the Kherson region and develops proposals for the realization of the tourist potential of the region during the pandemic in the article. It is established that the development of domestic tourism in the Kherson region during the pandemic requires a number of tasks: ensuring the accessibility of tourist facilities. The goal will be achieved with the introduction of a multilingual marking and navigation system in the Kherson region; organizing and creating route maps for landmarks of history and culture of the region; marking and marking the routes of the hospitality and tourism industry; improving conditions and providing tourist routes with infrastructure for tourists to visit. The advantages of Kherson region as a territory for active development of the hospitality and tourism industry in the era of the pandemic are highlighted. It is determined that for the active and successful development of the tourism business of the region during the pandemic COVID-19 it is necessary to coordinate and coordinate the implementation of measures by the authorities and economic agents: to improve the quality of tourism services; create conditions for the promotion of the tourist product; extend the tourist season; to promote the development of entrepreneurship, including in rural areas; create conditions for the development of domestic tourism; support for craft production.","PeriodicalId":272914,"journal":{"name":"Globalization and Business","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122050928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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