Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813871
Cem Ünlübayir, Payas Dinesh Vartak, Dirk Uwe Sauer
Stricter emissions norms, especially on CO2 posed by international organizations encourage the maritime sector to seek new cleaner propulsion technologies. A hybrid propulsion system powered by a fuel cell system and a battery system offers the potential to eliminate exhaust gas emissions and is a promising technology to achieve the complete drivetrain electrification of maritime propulsion systems. In this work, a real-time capable energy management strategy that takes into account the aging of the propulsion components is introduced. The energy management strategy achieves the cost-effective operation of a hybrid drive train powered by a battery and a fuel cell for a large-scale propulsion application of a cruise ship. To achieve this, a Q-learning-based agent has been trained with multiple power demand profiles. In this novel method, a reduction in fuel cell degradation is achieved by decreasing its dynamic operation, while the battery pack degradation is reduced by minimizing its capacity drop and resistance. The aging of both components was performed using parameterized aging models. As a result, intelligent power control rules are obtained which can be directly implemented with comparatively low computational effort for real-time control. The developed energy management strategy improves the fuel economy and reduces the degradation of the propulsion components compared to conventional real-time capable rule-based operation strategies.
{"title":"Development of an intelligent real-time capable energy management strategy for a hybrid maritime propulsion system considering component aging","authors":"Cem Ünlübayir, Payas Dinesh Vartak, Dirk Uwe Sauer","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813871","url":null,"abstract":"Stricter emissions norms, especially on CO2 posed by international organizations encourage the maritime sector to seek new cleaner propulsion technologies. A hybrid propulsion system powered by a fuel cell system and a battery system offers the potential to eliminate exhaust gas emissions and is a promising technology to achieve the complete drivetrain electrification of maritime propulsion systems. In this work, a real-time capable energy management strategy that takes into account the aging of the propulsion components is introduced. The energy management strategy achieves the cost-effective operation of a hybrid drive train powered by a battery and a fuel cell for a large-scale propulsion application of a cruise ship. To achieve this, a Q-learning-based agent has been trained with multiple power demand profiles. In this novel method, a reduction in fuel cell degradation is achieved by decreasing its dynamic operation, while the battery pack degradation is reduced by minimizing its capacity drop and resistance. The aging of both components was performed using parameterized aging models. As a result, intelligent power control rules are obtained which can be directly implemented with comparatively low computational effort for real-time control. The developed energy management strategy improves the fuel economy and reduces the degradation of the propulsion components compared to conventional real-time capable rule-based operation strategies.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134200958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813899
Tian Zhou, H. B. Enalou, Evangelia Pontika, B. Zaghari, Panagiotis Laskaridis
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are receiving interest as an electrical source of energy for aircraft propulsion electrification. However, their implementation challenges such as durability, reliability, and the dynamic behaviour of Fuel Cells (FCs) in an integrated hybrid propulsion system have not been fully explored. Currently, most commercial PEMFC stacks have maximum power close to 150kW. To achieve higher power required for aviation, these stacks can be connected in series and parallel to achieve high voltage required for propulsion. Poor design procedure of cells and stacks can cause variation between the stacks resulting in failure and fast degradation of the connected stacks. In this paper the impact of voltage and current drop of one stack, which could be caused by changes in the fuel cell’s individual axillary parts, degradation of the cells within the stack, or faults in the connections and distribution is explored. Upon exploring different configurations, it is found that the arrangements of FC stacks connections could help in reducing the impact of voltage and current variations due to degradation in each stacks. The imbalance stack performance and its effects on the whole energy storage system performance is not fully explored before. It is important to conduct quantitative analysis on these issues before the PEMFC system can be implemented.
{"title":"Minimising the effect of degradation of fuel cell stacks on an integrated propulsion architecture for an electrified aircraft","authors":"Tian Zhou, H. B. Enalou, Evangelia Pontika, B. Zaghari, Panagiotis Laskaridis","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813899","url":null,"abstract":"Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are receiving interest as an electrical source of energy for aircraft propulsion electrification. However, their implementation challenges such as durability, reliability, and the dynamic behaviour of Fuel Cells (FCs) in an integrated hybrid propulsion system have not been fully explored. Currently, most commercial PEMFC stacks have maximum power close to 150kW. To achieve higher power required for aviation, these stacks can be connected in series and parallel to achieve high voltage required for propulsion. Poor design procedure of cells and stacks can cause variation between the stacks resulting in failure and fast degradation of the connected stacks. In this paper the impact of voltage and current drop of one stack, which could be caused by changes in the fuel cell’s individual axillary parts, degradation of the cells within the stack, or faults in the connections and distribution is explored. Upon exploring different configurations, it is found that the arrangements of FC stacks connections could help in reducing the impact of voltage and current variations due to degradation in each stacks. The imbalance stack performance and its effects on the whole energy storage system performance is not fully explored before. It is important to conduct quantitative analysis on these issues before the PEMFC system can be implemented.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134033783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/itec53557.2022.9813818
J. Kratz, J. Connolly, Aria E. Amthor, Halle E. Buescher, S. Bianco, Dennis E. Culley
Electrified aircraft propulsion technology is being developed to reduce the environmental impacts of the aviation industry. This is prompting the exploration of potential uses and benefits of hybrid systems in which electric powertrains are integrated with more traditional gas turbine propulsion systems. Turbine Electrified Energy Management (TEEM) is an energy management approach for hybrid-electric architectures in which electric machines are connected to the turbofan shafts and used to suppress the off-design operation naturally associated with engine transients. This reduces the need to maintain a large amount of compressor operability margin, thus allowing further exploration of the engine design space. In this study, a 19,000 lbf engine within a parallel hybrid propulsion system is considered along with a 30,000 lbf standalone engine. Data from prior TEEM applications are used to approximate the electric machine sizing required to achieve operability benefits. The TEEM controller is shown to improve operability during transients through the reduction of stall margin undershoots and the decrease of transient variations in component performance maps by over 29%.
{"title":"Turbine Electrified Energy Management for Single Aisle Aircraft","authors":"J. Kratz, J. Connolly, Aria E. Amthor, Halle E. Buescher, S. Bianco, Dennis E. Culley","doi":"10.1109/itec53557.2022.9813818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itec53557.2022.9813818","url":null,"abstract":"Electrified aircraft propulsion technology is being developed to reduce the environmental impacts of the aviation industry. This is prompting the exploration of potential uses and benefits of hybrid systems in which electric powertrains are integrated with more traditional gas turbine propulsion systems. Turbine Electrified Energy Management (TEEM) is an energy management approach for hybrid-electric architectures in which electric machines are connected to the turbofan shafts and used to suppress the off-design operation naturally associated with engine transients. This reduces the need to maintain a large amount of compressor operability margin, thus allowing further exploration of the engine design space. In this study, a 19,000 lbf engine within a parallel hybrid propulsion system is considered along with a 30,000 lbf standalone engine. Data from prior TEEM applications are used to approximate the electric machine sizing required to achieve operability benefits. The TEEM controller is shown to improve operability during transients through the reduction of stall margin undershoots and the decrease of transient variations in component performance maps by over 29%.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133190918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813799
Mohamed Abdalmagid, G. Pietrini, A. Callegaro, Mikhail Goykhman, A. Emadi
This paper investigates the bearing current issue of the Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (AFPMSM) used in aerospace. The case-study examined in this work is an eVTOL propulsion motor. The paper focuses on calculating the various parasitic components that relate to the bearing current phenomena in the AFPMSM. The simulation work presented in this paper provides a good understanding of the bearing current phenomenon and the sensitivity of the different parameters on the bearing current. According to the authors' best knowledge, this is the first time investigating the bearing current problem in AFPMSM. The paper also proposes a model for the bearing current simulation in this machine. Once the importance of the problem had been assessed, the bearing current possibility and the different solutions to overcome this problem have been investigated. The study also shows the pros and cons of each of these suggested solutions from the electrical point of view.
{"title":"Bearing Current Modelling and Investigation in Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for Aerospace Applications","authors":"Mohamed Abdalmagid, G. Pietrini, A. Callegaro, Mikhail Goykhman, A. Emadi","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813799","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the bearing current issue of the Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (AFPMSM) used in aerospace. The case-study examined in this work is an eVTOL propulsion motor. The paper focuses on calculating the various parasitic components that relate to the bearing current phenomena in the AFPMSM. The simulation work presented in this paper provides a good understanding of the bearing current phenomenon and the sensitivity of the different parameters on the bearing current. According to the authors' best knowledge, this is the first time investigating the bearing current problem in AFPMSM. The paper also proposes a model for the bearing current simulation in this machine. Once the importance of the problem had been assessed, the bearing current possibility and the different solutions to overcome this problem have been investigated. The study also shows the pros and cons of each of these suggested solutions from the electrical point of view.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121162280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813971
Osvaldo Arenas, Madeline McQueen, D. Robertson, A. Karataş
The continuous growth of the commercial aviation industry requires the development of novel technologies to reduce its increasing impact on climate change. Technical solutions, such as the electrification of aircraft propulsion require extensive research and exhaustive testing to reach the required levels of performance, reliability, and safety. Therefore, the development of these new technologies requires new testing infrastructure that is technically suitable for this purpose. In this report we present a fully implemented platform intended to test electrified aircraft propulsion systems at up to 1 kV and 200 kW. This platform is designed to be adaptable to multiple testing needs and system configurations, such as fully-electric, turboelectric and hybrid-electric. The adaptability and strategic value of this platform is demonstrated through experimental results and performance assessment of an electric engine under test. Results include the operational envelope where at 2700 RPM, the electric engine can provide 71.6 kW of propulsive power to an aircraft at 95% efficiency. Additionally, results for performance at 30 kW constant power and a flight mission profile with an emulated 128 Wh/Kg LiFePO4 battery pack are presented. The development of tests for certification of electric engines also demonstrate the relevance of the platform.
{"title":"Implementation of a 200 kW Adaptable Testing Platform for Experimental Research in Electrification of Aircraft Propulsion","authors":"Osvaldo Arenas, Madeline McQueen, D. Robertson, A. Karataş","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813971","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous growth of the commercial aviation industry requires the development of novel technologies to reduce its increasing impact on climate change. Technical solutions, such as the electrification of aircraft propulsion require extensive research and exhaustive testing to reach the required levels of performance, reliability, and safety. Therefore, the development of these new technologies requires new testing infrastructure that is technically suitable for this purpose. In this report we present a fully implemented platform intended to test electrified aircraft propulsion systems at up to 1 kV and 200 kW. This platform is designed to be adaptable to multiple testing needs and system configurations, such as fully-electric, turboelectric and hybrid-electric. The adaptability and strategic value of this platform is demonstrated through experimental results and performance assessment of an electric engine under test. Results include the operational envelope where at 2700 RPM, the electric engine can provide 71.6 kW of propulsive power to an aircraft at 95% efficiency. Additionally, results for performance at 30 kW constant power and a flight mission profile with an emulated 128 Wh/Kg LiFePO4 battery pack are presented. The development of tests for certification of electric engines also demonstrate the relevance of the platform.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117185223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813958
Ahmed Hembel, B. Sarlioglu
This paper proposes a printed circuit board (PCB) winding for radial flux electric machines. In addition, a 3-D printed heat exchanger is proposed to cool the PCB-based winding. The motivation is to minimize the cost of the stator winding, as winding the traditional magnet wire can be an expensive process. The integrated 3D printed heat exchanger (I3DHX) uses polymer-based fused filament fabrication (FFF). Most high-power density machines are cooled by a water jacket, which means the heat generated by windings must travel through the stator yoke to be rejected. The proposed approach focuses on moving the heat exchanger closer to the windings, which allows for increased current density in the windings, resulting in smaller slot areas and overall machine size.
{"title":"PCB Winding for Electric Machines with Integrated 3D printed Heat Exchanger","authors":"Ahmed Hembel, B. Sarlioglu","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813958","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a printed circuit board (PCB) winding for radial flux electric machines. In addition, a 3-D printed heat exchanger is proposed to cool the PCB-based winding. The motivation is to minimize the cost of the stator winding, as winding the traditional magnet wire can be an expensive process. The integrated 3D printed heat exchanger (I3DHX) uses polymer-based fused filament fabrication (FFF). Most high-power density machines are cooled by a water jacket, which means the heat generated by windings must travel through the stator yoke to be rejected. The proposed approach focuses on moving the heat exchanger closer to the windings, which allows for increased current density in the windings, resulting in smaller slot areas and overall machine size.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"307 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115619654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9814001
S. M. Seyedi, D. Talebi, Mesaad AlBader, H. Toliyat
Brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) is one of the crucial target applications in variable frequency speed regulation systems such as wind turbines due to reducing required maintenance, reliable operation, etc. BDFMs have two stator windings, each with different pole counts where one is directly connected to the grid while the other is used to control synchronous mode operation through a converter. However, the rotor windings need a particular configuration of coils to modulate both magnetomotive forces (MMFs) due to the stator windings and indirectly couple them. Recently, it has been shown that the multi-layer wound rotor winding enables a more efficient BDFM design than nested-loop rotor structures, principally because of simple manufacturing and low harmonic contents due to the winding configuration. This paper presents a model for a wound-rotor brushless doubly-fed induction generator (BDFIG) using a multiple transformation vector space. A new closed-form electromagnetic (EM) torque equation is developed regarding different terms on the power winding, control winding, the interaction of these two, and their modulation. Furthermore, finite element analysis (FEA) simulations are provided for different rotor winding cases to evaluate the analytical equation and the effect of unequal-turn winding on critical parameters such as EM torque production, the unbalanced induced voltage, and the copper utilization. The results show that the sinusoidally distributed winding is necessary for synchronous operation in multilayer rotor windings with lower unbalanced voltage and higher torque density.
{"title":"Design Characteristics of Unequal-Turn Sinusoidal Wound Rotor Winding in Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Generator","authors":"S. M. Seyedi, D. Talebi, Mesaad AlBader, H. Toliyat","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9814001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9814001","url":null,"abstract":"Brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) is one of the crucial target applications in variable frequency speed regulation systems such as wind turbines due to reducing required maintenance, reliable operation, etc. BDFMs have two stator windings, each with different pole counts where one is directly connected to the grid while the other is used to control synchronous mode operation through a converter. However, the rotor windings need a particular configuration of coils to modulate both magnetomotive forces (MMFs) due to the stator windings and indirectly couple them. Recently, it has been shown that the multi-layer wound rotor winding enables a more efficient BDFM design than nested-loop rotor structures, principally because of simple manufacturing and low harmonic contents due to the winding configuration. This paper presents a model for a wound-rotor brushless doubly-fed induction generator (BDFIG) using a multiple transformation vector space. A new closed-form electromagnetic (EM) torque equation is developed regarding different terms on the power winding, control winding, the interaction of these two, and their modulation. Furthermore, finite element analysis (FEA) simulations are provided for different rotor winding cases to evaluate the analytical equation and the effect of unequal-turn winding on critical parameters such as EM torque production, the unbalanced induced voltage, and the copper utilization. The results show that the sinusoidally distributed winding is necessary for synchronous operation in multilayer rotor windings with lower unbalanced voltage and higher torque density.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"133 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127431738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9814015
Michael Eull, M. Parker, M. Preindl
Electrified transportation is a cornerstone of global decarbonization plans. However, high costs remain an obstacle. To address this, research has been undertaken to remove sensors and replace them with software. Simultaneously, with the volatility in pricing and supply of rare-earth magnets, alternatives to the permanent magnet synchronous machine are being sought. With fundamentally similar performance and the benefit of a controllable flux, the wound rotor synchronous machine is a promising alternative. This paper presents a linear Luenberger observer using the model incorporating rotor flux dynamics and nameplate parameters. It is shown that the wound rotor synchronous machine is observable with only one current sensor, either on the rotor or the stator. However, to overcome parameter error issues, a minimum of one current sensor on the rotor and one on the stator is deemed necessary to provide corrective integral feedback. Simulation results demonstrate that the designed observer can accurately estimate the rotor and stator currents in the presence of model error with the minimum sensor complement during transient and steady state operation.
{"title":"Wound Rotor Synchronous Machine Current Estimation Using a Linear Luenberger Observer","authors":"Michael Eull, M. Parker, M. Preindl","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9814015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9814015","url":null,"abstract":"Electrified transportation is a cornerstone of global decarbonization plans. However, high costs remain an obstacle. To address this, research has been undertaken to remove sensors and replace them with software. Simultaneously, with the volatility in pricing and supply of rare-earth magnets, alternatives to the permanent magnet synchronous machine are being sought. With fundamentally similar performance and the benefit of a controllable flux, the wound rotor synchronous machine is a promising alternative. This paper presents a linear Luenberger observer using the model incorporating rotor flux dynamics and nameplate parameters. It is shown that the wound rotor synchronous machine is observable with only one current sensor, either on the rotor or the stator. However, to overcome parameter error issues, a minimum of one current sensor on the rotor and one on the stator is deemed necessary to provide corrective integral feedback. Simulation results demonstrate that the designed observer can accurately estimate the rotor and stator currents in the presence of model error with the minimum sensor complement during transient and steady state operation.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127436764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813885
Xin Xu, Zhongbao Wei, Liang Du
Low activity of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) at low temperatures is an essential barrier for the future popularity of electric vehicles. Low-temperature charging of LIB consumes much longer time than that at normal temperature, and even induces irreversible damage to the LIB. Motivated by this, an electrical-thermal model-based synergized charging method is proposed in this paper. In particular, a coupled electrical-thermal model is built and validated for accurately reproducing the battery dynamics within a wide temperature range. On this premise, the dynamic programming (DP) algorithm is employed to synergize the heating and charging of LIB optimally regarding the fast charging at low temperatures. Results suggest that the charging and heating processes can promote each other to achieve a fast refueling of the battery.
{"title":"Synergized Heating and Fast Charging for Lithium-Ion Batteries at Low Temperatures","authors":"Xin Xu, Zhongbao Wei, Liang Du","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813885","url":null,"abstract":"Low activity of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) at low temperatures is an essential barrier for the future popularity of electric vehicles. Low-temperature charging of LIB consumes much longer time than that at normal temperature, and even induces irreversible damage to the LIB. Motivated by this, an electrical-thermal model-based synergized charging method is proposed in this paper. In particular, a coupled electrical-thermal model is built and validated for accurately reproducing the battery dynamics within a wide temperature range. On this premise, the dynamic programming (DP) algorithm is employed to synergize the heating and charging of LIB optimally regarding the fast charging at low temperatures. Results suggest that the charging and heating processes can promote each other to achieve a fast refueling of the battery.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125447583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813901
Hwigon Kim, Joohyun Lee, Jae Sang Lim, Young Un Kim, S. Sul
Following the development of electric and hybrid vehicles, permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) have been widely used as traction motors. In most PMSM drives, the rotor position sensor is required for reliable torque control. A variable reluctance resolver has been adopted as a position sensor in automotive industries thanks to its mechanical reliability in a harsh environment. Because the resolver signal is analog, the signal is vulnerable to the noise caused by electromagnetic interference such as common-mode voltage and external magnetic field. In this paper, the source of electromagnetic noise in the target motor system is identified experimentally. From finite element analysis (FEA), the noise path to the position signal of the resolver is identified. Furthermore, a strategy to suppress the noise is devised and evaluated with FEA and verified experimentally with an actual motor.
{"title":"Identification and Suppression of Electromagnetic Noise of Variable Reluctance Resolver for Hybrid Electric Vehicle","authors":"Hwigon Kim, Joohyun Lee, Jae Sang Lim, Young Un Kim, S. Sul","doi":"10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813901","url":null,"abstract":"Following the development of electric and hybrid vehicles, permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) have been widely used as traction motors. In most PMSM drives, the rotor position sensor is required for reliable torque control. A variable reluctance resolver has been adopted as a position sensor in automotive industries thanks to its mechanical reliability in a harsh environment. Because the resolver signal is analog, the signal is vulnerable to the noise caused by electromagnetic interference such as common-mode voltage and external magnetic field. In this paper, the source of electromagnetic noise in the target motor system is identified experimentally. From finite element analysis (FEA), the noise path to the position signal of the resolver is identified. Furthermore, a strategy to suppress the noise is devised and evaluated with FEA and verified experimentally with an actual motor.","PeriodicalId":275570,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125469552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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