Chemosphere最新文献_第3页

Biomonitoring emerging hazards of pharmaceuticals in river water using gut microbiome and behavioural Daphnia magna responses 利用肠道微生物组和大型水蚤的行为反应对河水中新出现的药物危害进行生物监测。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143612

A cost-effective Daphnia magna testing framework was applied to identify emerging hazards such as neurological and cardiovascular defects as well as antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs), related to pharmaceuticals present in waste water treated (WWTP) effluent discharged into rivers. D. magna juveniles were exposed during 48 h to water samples from three rivers in the vicinity of Barcelona (NE Spain), Besós, Llobregat and Onyar, upstream and downstream of WWTP discharging points. The analyses included measuring levels of 80 pharmaceutical residues in water samples by HPLC-MS, determination of the loads of different clinically relevant antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in both water samples and exposed animals, and assessment of toxic effects in feeding, heartbeat responses, and behavioural indicators. ARG prevalence in water, but not in gut microbiomes, was associated with the presence of bactericides in water. These results suggest that their levels were high enough to put a selective pressure over river microbial populations, but that Daphnia guts were not easily populated by environmental bacteria. Toxic effects were found in 20–43% of water samples, depending on the river, and related to water quality parameters and to pollutant levels. For example, heartbeats were correlated with salinity, whereas feeding impairment did so with high loads of suspended solids. In contrast, behavioural alterations were associated to the concentration of neuroactive chemicals. Accordingly, we hypothesize that measured neuroactive chemicals have caused the observed effects. If this also applies to local invertebrate populations, the environmental consequences may be severe and unpredictable.

我们采用了一种经济有效的大型蚤测试框架，以确定新出现的危害，如神经和心血管缺陷以及抗生素耐药基因（ARGs），这些危害与排入河流的废水处理（WWTP）污水中的药物有关。在巴塞罗那（西班牙东北部）附近的三条河流（Besós、Llobregat 和 Onyar），即污水处理厂排放点的上游和下游，将 D. magna 幼鱼暴露在水样中 48 小时。分析包括通过 HPLC-MS 测定水样中 80 种药物残留物的含量，测定水样和暴露动物体内不同临床相关抗生素耐药基因 (ARG) 的载量，以及评估摄食、心跳反应和行为指标的毒性效应。水中的 ARG 流行率与水中杀菌剂的存在有关，而肠道微生物组中的 ARG 流行率与杀菌剂的存在无关。这些结果表明，杀菌剂的含量高到足以对河流微生物种群产生选择性压力，但水蚤的肠道不容易被环境细菌填充。在 20% 至 43% 的水样中发现了毒性效应，这取决于河流，并与水质参数和污染物水平有关。例如，心跳与盐度有关，而摄食障碍则与高悬浮固体负荷有关。相反，行为改变与神经活性化学物质的浓度有关。因此，我们推测，测量到的神经活性化学物质造成了观察到的影响。如果这也适用于当地的无脊椎动物种群，那么环境后果可能是严重和不可预测的。

{"title":"Biomonitoring emerging hazards of pharmaceuticals in river water using gut microbiome and behavioural Daphnia magna responses","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A cost-effective <em>Daphnia magna</em> testing framework was applied to identify emerging hazards such as neurological and cardiovascular defects as well as antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs), related to pharmaceuticals present in waste water treated (WWTP) effluent discharged into rivers. <em>D. magna</em> juveniles were exposed during 48 h to water samples from three rivers in the vicinity of Barcelona (NE Spain), Besós, Llobregat and Onyar, upstream and downstream of WWTP discharging points. The analyses included measuring levels of 80 pharmaceutical residues in water samples by HPLC-MS, determination of the loads of different clinically relevant antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in both water samples and exposed animals, and assessment of toxic effects in feeding, heartbeat responses, and behavioural indicators. ARG prevalence in water, but not in gut microbiomes, was associated with the presence of bactericides in water. These results suggest that their levels were high enough to put a selective pressure over river microbial populations, but that <em>Daphnia</em> guts were not easily populated by environmental bacteria. Toxic effects were found in 20–43% of water samples, depending on the river, and related to water quality parameters and to pollutant levels. For example, heartbeats were correlated with salinity, whereas feeding impairment did so with high loads of suspended solids. In contrast, behavioural alterations were associated to the concentration of neuroactive chemicals. Accordingly, we hypothesize that measured neuroactive chemicals have caused the observed effects. If this also applies to local invertebrate populations, the environmental consequences may be severe and unpredictable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative cytotoxicity and mitochondrial disruption in H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by common pesticides 常见杀虫剂诱导的 H9c2 心肌细胞的细胞毒性和线粒体破坏比较

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143627

Chronic exposure to pesticides is believed to be associated with various human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms by which pesticides lead to cardiovascular diseases remain unclear. In our study, we selected the following commonly used pesticides as typical examples: the herbicides glyphosate (GLY) and glufosinate ammonium (GLA); the insecticides imidacloprid (IMI) and thiamethoxam (THM); and the fungicides pyraclostrobin (PYR) and azoxystrobin (AZO). We employed H9c2 cells as a model to investigate the cytotoxic effects of these pesticides on myocardial cells at concentrations of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/L. The results indicate that these pesticides can affect cell viability, alter the cell cycle, and significantly impact ATP content and mitochondrial complex levels, ultimately triggering oxidative stress responses in the cells. However, compared to herbicides GLY and GLA, insecticides IMI and THM, and fungicides PYR and AZO pesticides are more toxic to H9c2 cells. Additionally, GLY, GLA, IMI, THM, PYR, and AZO were found to cause structural changes in the mitochondria of H9c2 cells. Molecular docking results suggest that these pesticides can bind to proteins related to mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, IMI, THM, PYR, and AZO exhibit stronger binding abilities to mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins. These findings indicate that these pesticides significantly adverse effects on myocardial cells, mainly by causing mitochondrial dysfunction and inducing oxidative stress. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the differential toxicity of various classes of pesticides when assessing their risks to human health, particularly concerning cardiovascular diseases.

长期接触杀虫剂被认为与包括心血管疾病在内的各种人类疾病有关。然而，农药导致心血管疾病的机制仍不清楚。在我们的研究中，我们选择了以下常用农药作为典型例子：除草剂草甘膦（GLY）和草胺膦（GLA）；杀虫剂吡虫啉（IMI）和噻虫嗪（THM）；以及杀菌剂吡唑醚菌酯（PYR）和唑啉草酯（AZO）。我们以 H9c2 细胞为模型，研究了这些农药在 1、10、100 和 1000 毫克/升浓度下对心肌细胞的细胞毒性作用。结果表明，这些农药会影响细胞活力，改变细胞周期，并显著影响 ATP 含量和线粒体复合物水平，最终引发细胞氧化应激反应。然而，与除草剂 GLY 和 GLA 相比，杀虫剂 IMI 和 THM 以及杀菌剂 PYR 和 AZO 对 H9c2 细胞的毒性更大。此外，研究还发现 GLY、GLA、IMI、THM、PYR 和 AZO 会导致 H9c2 细胞线粒体结构发生变化。分子对接结果表明，这些农药可与线粒体动力学相关的蛋白质结合。此外，IMI、THM、PYR 和 AZO 与线粒体动力学相关蛋白的结合能力更强。这些研究结果表明，这些农药对心肌细胞有显著的不利影响，主要是通过导致线粒体功能障碍和诱导氧化应激。我们的研究结果突显了在评估各类农药对人类健康的风险时，考虑其不同毒性的重要性，尤其是在心血管疾病方面。

{"title":"Comparative cytotoxicity and mitochondrial disruption in H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by common pesticides","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic exposure to pesticides is believed to be associated with various human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms by which pesticides lead to cardiovascular diseases remain unclear. In our study, we selected the following commonly used pesticides as typical examples: the herbicides glyphosate (GLY) and glufosinate ammonium (GLA); the insecticides imidacloprid (IMI) and thiamethoxam (THM); and the fungicides pyraclostrobin (PYR) and azoxystrobin (AZO). We employed H9c2 cells as a model to investigate the cytotoxic effects of these pesticides on myocardial cells at concentrations of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/L. The results indicate that these pesticides can affect cell viability, alter the cell cycle, and significantly impact ATP content and mitochondrial complex levels, ultimately triggering oxidative stress responses in the cells. However, compared to herbicides GLY and GLA, insecticides IMI and THM, and fungicides PYR and AZO pesticides are more toxic to H9c2 cells. Additionally, GLY, GLA, IMI, THM, PYR, and AZO were found to cause structural changes in the mitochondria of H9c2 cells. Molecular docking results suggest that these pesticides can bind to proteins related to mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, IMI, THM, PYR, and AZO exhibit stronger binding abilities to mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins. These findings indicate that these pesticides significantly adverse effects on myocardial cells, mainly by causing mitochondrial dysfunction and inducing oxidative stress. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the differential toxicity of various classes of pesticides when assessing their risks to human health, particularly concerning cardiovascular diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial associations of daily PM2.5 concentration with cardiovascular and pulmonary morbidity in Korea 韩国每日 PM2.5 浓度与心血管和肺部发病率的空间关联。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143669

Air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM_2.5), contributes to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and poses significant public health risks worldwide. This study evaluated the short-term effects of PM_2.5 on hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, with additional analyses to identify vulnerable populations based on regional characteristics.

The present study analyzed data from 249 Korean communities between 2006 and 2021. Data on daily hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service. Data on PM_2.5 concentrations were sourced from air quality modeling. Additional data on regional characteristics, including the regional deprivation index, proportion of elderly residents, education levels, and greenness levels, were also collected. We used case time series analysis to assess the associations between PM_2.5 concentrations and hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and explored effect modification by regional characteristics with stratified analyses.

The mean numbers of daily cardiovascular admissions and respiratory admissions were 5.68 ± 5.46 and 6.46 ± 8.03, respectively. The mean PM_2.5 concentrations were 23.58 ± 13.66 μg/m³. A10 μg/m³ increment in daily PM_2.5 concentration was associated with increase of cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalization by 0.94% (95% CI: 0.84%, 1.04%) and 1.43% (95% CI: 1.34%, 1.52%), respectively. Regional characteristics analysis showed significant disparities, with higher risks for hospital admissions in areas with lower deprivation and low greenness.

This study highlights the significant short-term health impacts of PM_2.5 on respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions in Korean communities. The findings underscore the critical role of regional and demographic factors in modulating these effects, identifying socio-economic areas, age structure of the population, lower education levels, and low greenness as key vulnerability factors.

空气污染，尤其是直径小于 2.5 微米的细颗粒物（PM2.5）会导致呼吸系统和心血管疾病，并在全球范围内构成重大公共健康风险。本研究评估了 PM2.5 对心血管和呼吸系统疾病入院率的短期影响，并根据地区特征进行了额外分析，以确定易感人群。本研究分析了韩国 249 个社区在 2006 年至 2021 年期间的数据。每天因心血管和呼吸系统疾病入院的数据来自国民健康保险服务。PM2.5 浓度数据来自空气质量模型。我们还收集了有关地区特征的其他数据，包括地区贫困指数、老年居民比例、教育水平和绿化水平。我们使用病例时间序列分析法评估了 PM2.5 浓度与心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病入院人数之间的关联，并通过分层分析探讨了区域特征对效果的影响。每天因心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病入院的平均人数分别为 5.68 ± 5.46 和 6.46 ± 8.03。PM2.5 的平均浓度为 23.58 ± 13.66 μg/m3。PM2.5日浓度每增加10微克/立方米，心血管和呼吸系统住院率分别增加0.94%（95% CI：0.84%，1.04%）和1.43%（95% CI：1.34%，1.52%）。地区特征分析表明，在贫困程度较低和绿化程度较低的地区，入院风险较高。这项研究强调了 PM2.5 对韩国社区呼吸道和心血管疾病入院率的重大短期健康影响。研究结果强调了地区和人口因素在调节这些影响方面的关键作用，指出社会经济地区、人口年龄结构、较低的教育水平和低绿化率是关键的脆弱性因素。

{"title":"Spatial associations of daily PM2.5 concentration with cardiovascular and pulmonary morbidity in Korea","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), contributes to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and poses significant public health risks worldwide. This study evaluated the short-term effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, with additional analyses to identify vulnerable populations based on regional characteristics.</div><div>The present study analyzed data from 249 Korean communities between 2006 and 2021. Data on daily hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service. Data on PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were sourced from air quality modeling. Additional data on regional characteristics, including the regional deprivation index, proportion of elderly residents, education levels, and greenness levels, were also collected. We used case time series analysis to assess the associations between PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations and hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and explored effect modification by regional characteristics with stratified analyses.</div><div>The mean numbers of daily cardiovascular admissions and respiratory admissions were 5.68 ± 5.46 and 6.46 ± 8.03, respectively. The mean PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were 23.58 ± 13.66 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. A10 μg/m³ increment in daily PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration was associated with increase of cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalization by 0.94% (95% CI: 0.84%, 1.04%) and 1.43% (95% CI: 1.34%, 1.52%), respectively. Regional characteristics analysis showed significant disparities, with higher risks for hospital admissions in areas with lower deprivation and low greenness.</div><div>This study highlights the significant short-term health impacts of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions in Korean communities. The findings underscore the critical role of regional and demographic factors in modulating these effects, identifying socio-economic areas, age structure of the population, lower education levels, and low greenness as key vulnerability factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metal-organic-framework and walnut shell biochar composites for lead and hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous environments 金属有机框架和核桃壳生物炭复合材料用于去除水环境中的铅和六价铬。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143572

Extensive research in recent years has explored the realm of porous carbon composites for various applications, including electrochemistry, structural materials, environmental remediation, and more. In particular, the fabrication of porous carbon composites using a metal-organic framework (MOF) and biochar (BC) for aqueous remediation is a fairly new avenue of research. In this study, a MOF-BC composite was synthesized with unmodified and chemically modified BCs using solvothermal synthesis. The composites were used as adsorbents to remediate heavy metals, such as lead (II) and chromium (VI), from aqueous environments. It was verified that the MOF was homogeneously deposited onto the BC's surface using various material characterization techniques. Lead and chromium adsorption studies revealed a high adsorption capacity with greater than 99% removal for lead and ∼65% for chromium, respectively. Impressively, for lead, the highest observed experimental adsorption capacity of the MOF-chemically modified BC composite was 535 mg/g, compared to 240 mg/g for pristine BC. Meanwhile, the adsorption capacity of the same MOF-BC composite for chromium ions was low at 18 mg/g, compared to 80 mg/g for the chemically modified BC. The MOF-BC had a rapid adsorption rate, achieving equilibrium at only 150 min of reaction time for lead ions. MOF-BCs have higher adsorption for cationic lead through physisorption and ion-exchange mechanisms, whereas, for anionic chromium, removal is dominated only by physisorption mechanisms. The outcomes and methodological developments attained in this study offer a novel and compelling approach for synthesizing MOF-BC composites for aqueous remediation applications.

近年来的大量研究探索了多孔碳复合材料的各种应用领域，包括电化学、结构材料、环境修复等。其中，利用金属有机框架（MOF）和生物炭（BC）制造多孔碳复合材料用于水体修复是一个相当新的研究方向。本研究采用溶热合成法合成了一种 MOF-BC 复合材料，其中包括未改性和化学改性的生物炭。该复合材料被用作吸附剂，以去除水环境中的铅（II）和铬（VI）等重金属。利用各种材料表征技术验证了 MOF 在 BC 表面的均匀沉积。铅和铬的吸附研究表明，MOF 具有很高的吸附能力，对铅和铬的去除率分别超过 99% 和 65%。令人印象深刻的是，对于铅，MOF-化学修饰 BC 复合材料的最高实验吸附容量为 535 mg/g，而原始 BC 为 240 mg/g。同时，同一种 MOF-BC 复合材料对铬离子的吸附容量较低，仅为 18 毫克/克，而化学修饰 BC 的吸附容量为 80 毫克/克。MOF-BC 的吸附速度很快，对铅离子的吸附仅在 150 分钟的反应时间内就达到了平衡。MOF-BC 通过物理吸附和离子交换机制对阳离子铅具有较高的吸附能力，而对阴离子铬的去除仅以物理吸附机制为主。本研究的成果和方法论的发展为合成 MOF-BC 复合材料用于水体修复应用提供了一种新颖而有吸引力的方法。

{"title":"Metal-organic-framework and walnut shell biochar composites for lead and hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous environments","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive research in recent years has explored the realm of porous carbon composites for various applications, including electrochemistry, structural materials, environmental remediation, and more. In particular, the fabrication of porous carbon composites using a metal-organic framework (MOF) and biochar (BC) for aqueous remediation is a fairly new avenue of research. In this study, a MOF-BC composite was synthesized with unmodified and chemically modified BCs using solvothermal synthesis. The composites were used as adsorbents to remediate heavy metals, such as lead (II) and chromium (VI), from aqueous environments. It was verified that the MOF was homogeneously deposited onto the BC's surface using various material characterization techniques. Lead and chromium adsorption studies revealed a high adsorption capacity with greater than 99% removal for lead and ∼65% for chromium, respectively. Impressively, for lead, the highest observed experimental adsorption capacity of the MOF-chemically modified BC composite was 535 mg/g, compared to 240 mg/g for pristine BC. Meanwhile, the adsorption capacity of the same MOF-BC composite for chromium ions was low at 18 mg/g, compared to 80 mg/g for the chemically modified BC. The MOF-BC had a rapid adsorption rate, achieving equilibrium at only 150 min of reaction time for lead ions. MOF-BCs have higher adsorption for cationic lead through physisorption and ion-exchange mechanisms, whereas, for anionic chromium, removal is dominated only by physisorption mechanisms. The outcomes and methodological developments attained in this study offer a novel and compelling approach for synthesizing MOF-BC composites for aqueous remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142483104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glyphosate application may influence the transfer of trace elements from soils to both soil solutions and plants 施用草甘膦可能会影响微量元素从土壤向土壤溶液和植物的转移。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143603

Trace element dynamics in the soil-plant system depends on multiple parameters, including chelating organic compounds from natural or synthetic organic matters. In this study, we evaluated the influence of one of the most common pesticides—glyphosate—on the mobility of trace elements considering contrasted soils (uncontaminated, anthropogenically contaminated, and naturally-enriched) in a greenhouse experiment. Four modalities have been tested: one control without any application, two with different glyphosate doses (1 and 3 times the authorised field dose), and one with compost addition to evaluate its potential ability to mitigate the impact of glyphosate on trace element mobility. Both, trace element and glyphosate concentrations were measured in the soil solutions and trace element contents were determined in plants at the end of the experiment. The results showed that, although glyphosate concentrations rapidly decreased in soil solutions, glyphosate application still influenced the transfer of trace elements to both soil solution (up to 12-times higher) and plant (up to 5.2-times higher). This influence was highly dependent on both the specific elements and the type of soils considered. For instance, in uncontaminated soils, glyphosate especially increased the mobilization of Mn, Co, Zn, Mo, and Pb to soil solution. This effect diminished of 2.5 times on average with increasing soil contamination. A similar trend was observed for the transfer of trace elements from soil to plant (i.e., on average 2.2-times lower in the most contaminated compared to the uncontaminated soil). However, in the naturally-enriched soil, opposing trends were noticed between soil solution and plant. The impact of compost addition on the transfer of trace elements to plants remains unclear: compost enhanced the transfer of trace elements to soil solution in uncontaminated and naturally-enriched soils likely due to trace element input through the compost, but decreased the transfer in anthropogenically-contaminated soils likely due to adsorption processes. Therefore, glyphosate could potentially increase the exposure of trace elements through food consumption and their transfer to the ecosystem, particularly in uncontaminated and weakly contaminated soils. In highly contaminated soils, compost could mitigate the glyphosate-induced enhancement of trace element mobility to soil solution.

土壤-植物系统中微量元素的动态取决于多个参数，包括来自天然或合成有机物的螯合有机化合物。在这项研究中，我们在温室实验中评估了最常见的农药之一草甘膦对微量元素流动性的影响，并考虑了对比土壤（未受污染、人为污染和天然富集土壤）。试验采用了四种模式：一种是不施用草甘膦的对照组，两种是施用不同剂量草甘膦的对照组（分别为田间授权剂量的 1 倍和 3 倍），一种是添加堆肥的对照组，以评估堆肥减轻草甘膦对微量元素迁移率影响的潜在能力。在土壤溶液中测量了微量元素和草甘膦的浓度，并在实验结束时测定了植物中的微量元素含量。结果表明，虽然草甘膦在土壤溶液中的浓度迅速下降，但草甘膦的施用仍然影响了微量元素向土壤溶液和植物的转移（分别增加了 12 倍和 5.2 倍）。这种影响在很大程度上取决于所考虑的特定元素和土壤类型。例如，在未受污染的土壤中，草甘膦尤其会增加土壤溶液中锰、钴、锌、钼和铅的移动。随着土壤污染程度的增加，这种效应平均降低了 2.5 倍。微量元素从土壤向植物的转移也呈现出类似的趋势（即与未受污染的土壤相比，受污染最严重的土壤中的微量元素平均减少了 2.2 倍）。然而，在天然富集土壤中，土壤溶液和植物之间的转移趋势相反。堆肥的添加对微量元素向植物转移的影响尚不清楚：在未受污染和天然富集的土壤中，堆肥增强了微量元素向土壤溶液的转移，这可能是由于通过堆肥输入了微量元素，但在人为污染的土壤中，堆肥减少了微量元素向土壤溶液的转移，这可能是由于吸附过程。因此，草甘膦可能会通过食物摄入增加微量元素的暴露量，并将其转移到生态系统中，特别是在未受污染和受轻度污染的土壤中。在高度污染的土壤中，堆肥可以减轻草甘膦引起的微量元素在土壤溶液中流动性的增强。

{"title":"Glyphosate application may influence the transfer of trace elements from soils to both soil solutions and plants","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trace element dynamics in the soil-plant system depends on multiple parameters, including chelating organic compounds from natural or synthetic organic matters. In this study, we evaluated the influence of one of the most common pesticides—glyphosate—on the mobility of trace elements considering contrasted soils (uncontaminated, anthropogenically contaminated, and naturally-enriched) in a greenhouse experiment. Four modalities have been tested: one control without any application, two with different glyphosate doses (1 and 3 times the authorised field dose), and one with compost addition to evaluate its potential ability to mitigate the impact of glyphosate on trace element mobility. Both, trace element and glyphosate concentrations were measured in the soil solutions and trace element contents were determined in plants at the end of the experiment. The results showed that, although glyphosate concentrations rapidly decreased in soil solutions, glyphosate application still influenced the transfer of trace elements to both soil solution (up to 12-times higher) and plant (up to 5.2-times higher). This influence was highly dependent on both the specific elements and the type of soils considered. For instance, in uncontaminated soils, glyphosate especially increased the mobilization of Mn, Co, Zn, Mo, and Pb to soil solution. This effect diminished of 2.5 times on average with increasing soil contamination. A similar trend was observed for the transfer of trace elements from soil to plant (i.e., on average 2.2-times lower in the most contaminated compared to the uncontaminated soil). However, in the naturally-enriched soil, opposing trends were noticed between soil solution and plant. The impact of compost addition on the transfer of trace elements to plants remains unclear: compost enhanced the transfer of trace elements to soil solution in uncontaminated and naturally-enriched soils likely due to trace element input through the compost, but decreased the transfer in anthropogenically-contaminated soils likely due to adsorption processes. Therefore, glyphosate could potentially increase the exposure of trace elements through food consumption and their transfer to the ecosystem, particularly in uncontaminated and weakly contaminated soils. In highly contaminated soils, compost could mitigate the glyphosate-induced enhancement of trace element mobility to soil solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transgenerational response of glucose metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to 6-PPD quinone 暴露于 6-PPD 醌的秀丽隐杆线虫葡萄糖代谢的代际反应。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143653

In Caenorhabditis elegans, 6-PPD quinine (6-PPDQ) could cause several aspects of toxicity together with alteration in glucose metabolism. However, transgenerational alteration in glucose metabolism remains still unknown after 6-PPDQ exposure. In the current study, we further observed transgenerational increase in glucose content induced by 6-PPDQ (1–10 μg/L). After 1–10 μg/L 6-PPDQ exposure, although expressions of genes controlling gluconeogenesis were not changed in the offspring, expressions of hxk-1, hxk-3, pyk-1, and pyk-2 controlling glycolysis could be decreased in the offspring. Meanwhile, transgenerational decrease in expressions of daf-16 encoding FOXO transcriptional factor and aak-2 encoding AMPK was detected in the offspring of 6-PPDQ (1–10 μg/L) exposed nematodes. RNAi of daf-16 and aak-2 led to more severe transgenerational increase in glucose content and reduction in expressions of hxk-1 and hxk-3 induced by 6-PPDQ. Moreover, RNAi of daf-16, aak-2, hxk-1, hxk-3, pyk-1, and pyk-2 caused susceptibility to transgenerational 6-PPDQ toxicity on locomotion and reproduction. Additionally, 6-PPDQ induced activation of SOD-3 and HSP-6 reflecting anti-oxidation and mitochondrial UPR responses could be inhibited by RNAi of daf-16, aak-2, hxk-1, hxk-3, pyk-1, and pyk-2. Therefore, exposure to 6-PPDQ potentially resulted in transgenerational alteration in glucose metabolism, which provided the possible link to induction of transgenerational 6-PPDQ toxicity in organisms.

在秀丽隐杆线虫体内，6-PPD 奎宁（6-PPDQ）可导致多方面的毒性，同时改变葡萄糖代谢。然而，6-PPDQ 暴露后葡萄糖代谢的跨代改变仍是一个未知数。在本研究中，我们进一步观察了 6-PPDQ（1-10 μg/L）诱导的葡萄糖含量的代际增加。在暴露于 1-10 μg/L 6-PPDQ 后，虽然控制葡萄糖生成的基因在后代中的表达没有变化，但控制糖酵解的 hxk-1、hxk-3、pyk-1 和 pyk-2 在后代中的表达可能会降低。同时，在暴露于 6-PPDQ（1-10 μg/L）的线虫后代中，发现编码 FOXO 转录因子的 daf-16 和编码 AMPK 的 aak-2 的表达量出现了转代性下降。对 daf-16 和 aak-2 进行 RNAi 后，6-PPDQ 诱导的葡萄糖含量和 hxk-1 和 hxk-3 的表达量会出现更严重的转代增加。此外，daf-16、aak-2、hxk-1、hxk-3、pyk-1 和 pyk-2 的 RNAi 会导致 6-PPDQ 对运动和繁殖的转代毒性。此外，通过对daf-16、aak-2、hxk-1、hxk-3、pyk-1和pyk-2进行RNAi，可降低6-PPDQ诱导的SOD-3和HSP-6的活化，这反映了抗氧化和线粒体UPR反应。因此，暴露于 6-PPDQ 可能会导致葡萄糖代谢的跨代改变，这为诱导生物体内 6-PPDQ 的跨代毒性提供了可能的联系。

{"title":"Transgenerational response of glucose metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to 6-PPD quinone","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>, 6-PPD quinine (6-PPDQ) could cause several aspects of toxicity together with alteration in glucose metabolism. However, transgenerational alteration in glucose metabolism remains still unknown after 6-PPDQ exposure. In the current study, we further observed transgenerational increase in glucose content induced by 6-PPDQ (1–10 μg/L). After 1–10 μg/L 6-PPDQ exposure, although expressions of genes controlling gluconeogenesis were not changed in the offspring, expressions of <em>hxk-1</em>, <em>hxk-3</em>, <em>pyk-1</em>, and <em>pyk-2</em> controlling glycolysis could be decreased in the offspring. Meanwhile, transgenerational decrease in expressions of <em>daf-16</em> encoding FOXO transcriptional factor and <em>aak-2</em> encoding AMPK was detected in the offspring of 6-PPDQ (1–10 μg/L) exposed nematodes. RNAi of <em>daf-16</em> and <em>aak-2</em> led to more severe transgenerational increase in glucose content and reduction in expressions of <em>hxk-1</em> and <em>hxk-3</em> induced by 6-PPDQ. Moreover, RNAi of <em>daf-16</em>, <em>aak-2</em>, <em>hxk-1</em>, <em>hxk-3</em>, <em>pyk-1</em>, and <em>pyk-2</em> caused susceptibility to transgenerational 6-PPDQ toxicity on locomotion and reproduction. Additionally, 6-PPDQ induced activation of SOD-3 and HSP-6 reflecting anti-oxidation and mitochondrial UPR responses could be inhibited by RNAi of <em>daf-16</em>, <em>aak-2</em>, <em>hxk-1</em>, <em>hxk-3</em>, <em>pyk-1</em>, and <em>pyk-2</em>. Therefore, exposure to 6-PPDQ potentially resulted in transgenerational alteration in glucose metabolism, which provided the possible link to induction of transgenerational 6-PPDQ toxicity in organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guidance on aqueous matrices for evaluating novel precipitants and adsorbents for phosphorus removal and recovery 用于评估新型沉淀剂和吸附剂除磷和磷回收的水介质指南。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143648

Phosphorus (P) removal from water and recovery into useable forms is a critical component of creating a sustainable P cycle, although mature technologies for P removal and recovery are still lacking. The goal of this paper was to advance the testing of novel materials for P removal and recovery from water by providing guidance on the development of more realistic aqueous matrices used during materials development. Literature reports of “new” materials to remove P from water are often difficult to compare in terms of performance because authors use a myriad of water chemistries containing P concentrations, pH, and competing ions. Moreover, many tests are conducted in simplified matrices that do not reflect conditions in real systems. To address this critical gap, the research herein developed a systematic approach of identifying aqueous matrices relevant to P recovery, including key components in the aqueous matrices having the greatest influence on the mechanisms of P removal with emphasis on phosphate precipitation and phosphate adsorption, and providing guidelines on relevant “recipes” for aqueous solutions for testing novel materials. Key components in the aqueous matrices included hydrogen ion (i.e., pH), multivalent metal cations, and dissolved organic matter due to their influence on phosphate precipitation and adsorption mechanisms. Recipes for buffer solution and synthetic groundwater, surface water, anaerobic digestate, and stored urine are discussed in the context of P removal and recovery processes. Wherein the adoption of standard matrices in other fields have permitted direct comparison of processes or materials, it is anticipated that adoption of relevant aqueous matrix recipes for P removal and recovery will improve the ability to directly compare novel materials and processes.

从水中去除磷（P）并将其回收为可用形式是建立可持续磷循环的重要组成部分，但目前仍缺乏成熟的磷去除和回收技术。本文的目的是通过为材料开发过程中使用的更符合实际的水基质的开发提供指导，推进用于从水中去除和回收磷的新型材料的测试。有关从水中去除 P 的 "新型 "材料的文献报告通常很难在性能方面进行比较，因为作者使用了大量含有 P 浓度、pH 值和竞争离子的水化学成分。此外，许多测试都是在简化的基质中进行的，不能反映真实系统的条件。为了弥补这一重大缺陷，本文的研究开发了一种系统方法，用于确定与磷回收相关的水基质，包括对磷去除机制影响最大的水基质中的关键成分，重点是磷酸盐沉淀和磷酸盐吸附，并为测试新型材料提供相关水溶液 "配方 "指南。水基质中的关键成分包括氢离子（即 pH 值）、多价金属阳离子和溶解有机物，因为它们对磷酸盐沉淀和吸附机制有影响。结合磷的去除和回收过程，讨论了缓冲溶液和合成地下水、地表水、厌氧沼渣和储存尿液的配方。在其他领域采用标准基质可以对工艺或材料进行直接比较，而在去除和回收磷方面采用相关的水基质配方预计将提高对新型材料和工艺进行直接比较的能力。

{"title":"Guidance on aqueous matrices for evaluating novel precipitants and adsorbents for phosphorus removal and recovery","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus (P) removal from water and recovery into useable forms is a critical component of creating a sustainable P cycle, although mature technologies for P removal and recovery are still lacking. The goal of this paper was to advance the testing of novel materials for P removal and recovery from water by providing guidance on the development of more realistic aqueous matrices used during materials development. Literature reports of “new” materials to remove P from water are often difficult to compare in terms of performance because authors use a myriad of water chemistries containing P concentrations, pH, and competing ions. Moreover, many tests are conducted in simplified matrices that do not reflect conditions in real systems. To address this critical gap, the research herein developed a systematic approach of identifying aqueous matrices relevant to P recovery, including key components in the aqueous matrices having the greatest influence on the mechanisms of P removal with emphasis on phosphate precipitation and phosphate adsorption, and providing guidelines on relevant “recipes” for aqueous solutions for testing novel materials. Key components in the aqueous matrices included hydrogen ion (i.e., pH), multivalent metal cations, and dissolved organic matter due to their influence on phosphate precipitation and adsorption mechanisms. Recipes for buffer solution and synthetic groundwater, surface water, anaerobic digestate, and stored urine are discussed in the context of P removal and recovery processes. Wherein the adoption of standard matrices in other fields have permitted direct comparison of processes or materials, it is anticipated that adoption of relevant aqueous matrix recipes for P removal and recovery will improve the ability to directly compare novel materials and processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Percutaneous absorption of two bisphenol a analogues, BPAF and TGSA: Novel In vitro data from human skin 两种双酚 A 类似物 BPAF 和 TGSA 的经皮吸收：来自人体皮肤的新体外数据。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143564

Bisphenol AF (BPAF) and TGSA are analogues of Bisphenol A (BPA). BPAF is used in polymer synthesis, while TGSA is applied in thermal papers. The EU classifies BPAF as toxic to reproduction and TGSA as a skin sensitizer. However, TGSA's other health effects remain unclear. BPAF contamination has been noted among electronic waste workers, and TGSA exposure is documented in various professions. Despite the significance of skin contact, data on skin permeation rates for BPAF and TGSA are limited. This study aimed to generate percutaneous absorption data for BPAF and TGSA following OECD guidelines.

[14C]-labeled BPAF or TGSA was applied to human skin samples in vitro using Franz diffusion cells for 20 and 40 h, respectively. Key parameters such as steady-state flux, lag time, and skin permeability coefficient (K_p) were calculated. Furthermore, the distribution of the dose across different compartments, particularly within the skin, was evaluated at the conclusion of the experiment. Sequential strippings and epidermis-dermis separation were conducted for BPAF to predict the potential absorption of the remaining dose present within the skin.

The permeability coefficients for BPAF and TGSA were found to be 1.9 E−03 and 1.6 E−03 cm/h, with 22% and 23% of the applied doses absorbed, respectively. Both chemicals are classified as "fast" penetrants based on their K_p values. These findings suggest that BPAF and TGSA are absorbed through the skin, highlighting potential occupational risks through dermal exposure. The new percutaneous absorption data will enhance the assessment of the occupational risks.

双酚 AF（BPAF）和 TGSA 是双酚 A（BPA）的类似物。BPAF 用于聚合物合成，而 TGSA 则用于热敏纸。欧盟将双酚 AF 归类为生殖毒性物质，将 TGSA 归类为皮肤致敏物质。不过，TGSA 对健康的其他影响尚不清楚。在电子废物处理工人中发现了双酚 AF 污染，而在各种职业中都有接触 TGSA 的记录。尽管皮肤接触很重要，但有关双酚 AF 和 TGSA 皮肤渗透率的数据却很有限。本研究旨在按照经合组织（OECD）的指导方针，生成双酚 AF 和 TGSA 的经皮吸收数据。使用弗朗兹扩散细胞将[14C]标记的双酚 AF 或 TGSA 分别应用于人体皮肤样本 20 和 40 小时。计算了稳态通量、滞后时间和皮肤渗透系数（Kp）等关键参数。此外，在实验结束时，还对剂量在不同分区（尤其是皮肤内）的分布情况进行了评估。对双酚 AF 进行了顺序剥离和表皮-真皮分离，以预测皮肤内剩余剂量的潜在吸收情况。结果发现，双酚 AF 和 TGSA 的渗透系数分别为 1.9 E-03 和 1.6 E-03 cm/h，吸收率分别为 22% 和 23%。根据 Kp 值，这两种化学品都被归类为 "快速 "渗透剂。这些研究结果表明，双酚 AF 和 TGSA 可通过皮肤吸收，突出表明了皮肤接触的潜在职业风险。新的经皮吸收数据将加强对职业风险的评估。

{"title":"Percutaneous absorption of two bisphenol a analogues, BPAF and TGSA: Novel In vitro data from human skin","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenol AF (BPAF) and TGSA are analogues of Bisphenol A (BPA). BPAF is used in polymer synthesis, while TGSA is applied in thermal papers. The EU classifies BPAF as toxic to reproduction and TGSA as a skin sensitizer. However, TGSA's other health effects remain unclear. BPAF contamination has been noted among electronic waste workers, and TGSA exposure is documented in various professions. Despite the significance of skin contact, data on skin permeation rates for BPAF and TGSA are limited. This study aimed to generate percutaneous absorption data for BPAF and TGSA following OECD guidelines.</div><div>[14C]-labeled BPAF or TGSA was applied to human skin samples <em>in vitro</em> using Franz diffusion cells for 20 and 40 h, respectively. Key parameters such as steady-state flux, lag time, and skin permeability coefficient (K<sub>p</sub>) were calculated. Furthermore, the distribution of the dose across different compartments, particularly within the skin, was evaluated at the conclusion of the experiment. Sequential strippings and epidermis-dermis separation were conducted for BPAF to predict the potential absorption of the remaining dose present within the skin.</div><div>The permeability coefficients for BPAF and TGSA were found to be 1.9 E−03 and 1.6 E−03 cm/h, with 22% and 23% of the applied doses absorbed, respectively. Both chemicals are classified as \"fast\" penetrants based on their K<sub>p</sub> values. These findings suggest that BPAF and TGSA are absorbed through the skin, highlighting potential occupational risks through dermal exposure. The new percutaneous absorption data will enhance the assessment of the occupational risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142483022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High removal of PS and PET microplastics from tap water by using Fe2O3 porous microparticles and photothermal irradiation with NIR light 利用 Fe2O3 多孔微颗粒和近红外光热辐照技术高效去除自来水中的 PS 和 PET 微塑料。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143538

This work reports the synthesis of Fe₂O₃ (FeO) microparticles using the Pechini method and their use to remove microplastics from tap water. The analysis by electronic microscopy revealed that the FeO microparticles (FeMicroPs) have a porous structure and are formed by interconnected grains with sizes of 80–120 nm. In addition, the X-ray diffraction analysis pointed out that the FeMicroPs are composed of γ- Fe₂O₃ and α- Fe₂O₃ phases. To remove the PS and PET microplastics with sizes of 0.1–3 μm from the tap water, FeO was added to the contaminated water and the mixture of FeO + microplastics was irradiated with focused NIR light (980 nm). This provoked the melting of the microplastics on the FeO surface. Later, the FeMicroPs with adsorbed microplastics was recovered with magnets. This last procedure permitted a high removal of microplastics from the tap water, and the adsorption capacity was 1000 mg/g. In the next step, the microplastics adsorbed on the FeO were irradiated with NIR light to induce its thermal decomposition by photothermal irradiation, this in turn, produced the elimination of the microplastics from the FeO surface and allowed its reuse to remove more microplastics from the tap water. The elimination of the microplastics from the FeO surface was confirmed by the FTIR and Raman techniques, since the vibrational peaks associated with the microplastics disappeared from the FeO surface after the photothermal irradiation. Thus, the results of this investigation suggest that the photothermal irradiation with NIR light not only facilitates the removal of microplastics from the tap water, but also, it was useful to degrade the microplastics definitively without producing more contamination. This technique could be used to remove microplastics in water treatment plants.

本研究报告介绍了利用 Pechini 方法合成 Fe2O3（FeO）微粒并将其用于去除自来水中的微塑料。电子显微镜分析表明，氧化铁微粒（FeMicroPs）具有多孔结构，由尺寸为 80-120 纳米的晶粒相互连接而成。此外，X 射线衍射分析表明，FeMicroPs 由 γ- Fe2O3 和 α- Fe2O3 两相组成。为了去除自来水中尺寸为 0.1-3 μm 的 PS 和 PET 微塑料，在受污染的水中加入了 FeO，并用聚焦近红外光（980 nm）照射 FeO+ 微塑料的混合物。这促使氧化铁表面的微塑料融化。随后，用磁铁回收吸附了微塑料的 FeMicroPs。最后一道工序可以大量去除自来水中的微塑料，吸附容量为 1000 毫克/克。下一步，用近红外光照射吸附在氧化铁上的微塑料，通过光热辐照诱导其热分解，进而消除氧化铁表面的微塑料，使其能够重新用于去除自来水中的更多微塑料。傅立叶变换红外光谱和拉曼技术证实了微塑料从氧化铁表面消除的事实，因为在光热辐照后，与微塑料相关的振动峰从氧化铁表面消失了。因此，这项研究结果表明，用近红外光进行光热辐照不仅有助于去除自来水中的微塑料，而且还能在不产生更多污染的情况下彻底降解微塑料。这项技术可用于去除水处理厂中的微塑料。

{"title":"High removal of PS and PET microplastics from tap water by using Fe2O3 porous microparticles and photothermal irradiation with NIR light","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports the synthesis of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (FeO) microparticles using the Pechini method and their use to remove microplastics from tap water. The analysis by electronic microscopy revealed that the FeO microparticles (FeMicroPs) have a porous structure and are formed by interconnected grains with sizes of 80–120 nm. In addition, the X-ray diffraction analysis pointed out that the FeMicroPs are composed of γ- Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and α- Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phases. To remove the PS and PET microplastics with sizes of 0.1–3 μm from the tap water, FeO was added to the contaminated water and the mixture of FeO + microplastics was irradiated with focused NIR light (980 nm). This provoked the melting of the microplastics on the FeO surface. Later, the FeMicroPs with adsorbed microplastics was recovered with magnets. This last procedure permitted a high removal of microplastics from the tap water, and the adsorption capacity was 1000 mg/g. In the next step, the microplastics adsorbed on the FeO were irradiated with NIR light to induce its thermal decomposition by photothermal irradiation, this in turn, produced the elimination of the microplastics from the FeO surface and allowed its reuse to remove more microplastics from the tap water. The elimination of the microplastics from the FeO surface was confirmed by the FTIR and Raman techniques, since the vibrational peaks associated with the microplastics disappeared from the FeO surface after the photothermal irradiation. Thus, the results of this investigation suggest that the photothermal irradiation with NIR light not only facilitates the removal of microplastics from the tap water, but also, it was useful to degrade the microplastics definitively without producing more contamination. This technique could be used to remove microplastics in water treatment plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142483096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glyphosate formulations cause mortality and diverse sublethal defects during embryonic development of the amphibian Xenopus laevis 草甘膦制剂会导致两栖动物 Xenopus laevis 胚胎发育过程中的死亡和多种亚致死缺陷。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143624

The human impact on environmental landscapes, such as land use, climate change or pollution, is threatening global biodiversity and ecosystems maintenance. Pesticides like the herbicide glyphosate have garnered considerable attention due to their well-documented harmful effects on non-target species. During application, the active ingredient glyphosate is utilized in various formulations, each containing different additive adjuvants. However, the possible effects of these formulations on amphibians - the group with the highest decline rates among vertebrates - remain largely unknown.

Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of four glyphosate formulations (Glyphosat TF, Durano TF, Helosate 450 TF, Kyleo) on the embryonic development of the model organism Xenopus laevis (South African clawed frog). Embryos at the 2-cell stage were exposed to various concentrations of glyphosate formulations (glyphosate: 0.01–100 mg/L), and mortality as well as sublethal effects on different organs and tissues were analyzed. The results indicated that the formulations had different effects, particularly on the mortality of Xenopus laevis embryos. At sublethal concentrations, the formulations altered the embryos' external appearance, leading to malformations such as reduced eye and head size. In addition, exposure to formulations impaired heart morphology and function, and the expression of heart-specific genes was altered at a molecular level.

Our results confirmed that glyphosate formulations had a stronger effect on Xenopus laevis embryogenesis than pure glyphosate. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the active ingredient and the co-formulations independently, as well as the combined, commercially available products, during pesticide risk assessments and renewal procedures of agrochemicals. The severe global decline of amphibians, partly due to herbicide use, highlights the need for strict and efficient monitoring of environmental pesticide loads and application areas.

人类对环境景观的影响，如土地使用、气候变化或污染，正在威胁着全球生物多样性和生态系统的维护。除草剂草甘膦等杀虫剂因其对非目标物种的有害影响而备受关注。在施用过程中，活性成分草甘膦被用于各种配方中，每种配方都含有不同的添加佐剂。然而，这些制剂对两栖动物--脊椎动物中衰退率最高的类群--可能产生的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。因此，本研究调查了四种草甘膦制剂（Glyphosat TF、Durano TF、Helosate 450 TF 和 Kyleo）对模式生物爪蛙（南非爪蛙）胚胎发育的影响。将处于 2 细胞阶段的胚胎暴露于不同浓度的草甘膦制剂（草甘膦：0.01 - 100 毫克/升）中，分析其死亡率以及对不同器官和组织的亚致死效应。结果表明，这些制剂具有不同的影响，特别是对爪蟾胚胎的死亡率的影响。在亚致死浓度下，制剂会改变胚胎的外观，导致畸形，如眼睛和头部缩小。此外，接触草甘膦制剂还会损害心脏的形态和功能，并在分子水平上改变心脏特异基因的表达。我们的研究结果证实，草甘膦制剂比纯草甘膦对爪蟾胚胎发育的影响更大。因此，在农药风险评估和农用化学品更新程序中，对活性成分和共同制剂以及市售组合产品进行独立评估至关重要。两栖动物在全球范围内的严重减少，部分原因是除草剂的使用，这凸显了对环境农药负荷和施用区域进行严格有效监测的必要性。

{"title":"Glyphosate formulations cause mortality and diverse sublethal defects during embryonic development of the amphibian Xenopus laevis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human impact on environmental landscapes, such as land use, climate change or pollution, is threatening global biodiversity and ecosystems maintenance. Pesticides like the herbicide glyphosate have garnered considerable attention due to their well-documented harmful effects on non-target species. During application, the active ingredient glyphosate is utilized in various formulations, each containing different additive adjuvants. However, the possible effects of these formulations on amphibians - the group with the highest decline rates among vertebrates - remain largely unknown.</div><div>Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of four glyphosate formulations (Glyphosat TF, Durano TF, Helosate 450 TF, Kyleo) on the embryonic development of the model organism <em>Xenopus laevis</em> (South African clawed frog). Embryos at the 2-cell stage were exposed to various concentrations of glyphosate formulations (glyphosate: 0.01–100 mg/L), and mortality as well as sublethal effects on different organs and tissues were analyzed. The results indicated that the formulations had different effects, particularly on the mortality of <em>Xenopus laevis</em> embryos. At sublethal concentrations, the formulations altered the embryos' external appearance, leading to malformations such as reduced eye and head size. In addition, exposure to formulations impaired heart morphology and function, and the expression of heart-specific genes was altered at a molecular level.</div><div>Our results confirmed that glyphosate formulations had a stronger effect on <em>Xenopus laevis</em> embryogenesis than pure glyphosate. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the active ingredient and the co-formulations independently, as well as the combined, commercially available products, during pesticide risk assessments and renewal procedures of agrochemicals. The severe global decline of amphibians, partly due to herbicide use, highlights the need for strict and efficient monitoring of environmental pesticide loads and application areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0