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An artificial neural network model reveals water level changes alter bioavailable PCB concentrations in the Detroit River 人工神经网络模型揭示了水位变化改变了底特律河中生物可利用的多氯联苯浓度
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144758
Mona Farhani , Alice Grgicak-Mannion , Paul Weidman , Todd Leadley , Nargis Ismail , Ken G. Drouillard
Temporal trends of bioavailable PCB water concentrations from a long running mussel biomonitoring program (1998–2023) in the Detroit River, Ontario, Canada. Bioavailable sum PCB10 concentrations exhibited long term declines at two biomonitoring locations but such declines were influenced by changes in water levels and showed different responses among individual congeners. Temporal declines in PCBs were highest rising water levels, PCBs reverted to an increasing trend for all congeners at the upstream biomonitoring location. At the midstream location, only PCBs 28 + 31 and 52 changed their temporal trajectories, while other PCBs slowed their decline relative to the constant water level regime. A deep neural network (DNN) model was trained to the data. The parsimony optimized model identified sediment PCB concentrations, chemical KOW, mean annual water level and year as the most important predictors of PCB water concentrations and explained more than double the variation compared to a multiple regression model. Overall, both empirical and modeled results show that hydrological fluctuations significantly affected bioavailable PCB concentrations and their temporal trends in this system. As water levels continue to decline in the Detroit River, PCBs are expected to resume their previous decreasing trend in the coming years.
加拿大安大略省底特律河贻贝生物监测项目(1998-2023)中生物可利用多氯联苯浓度的时间趋势在两个生物监测点,生物可利用总PCB10浓度表现出长期下降,但这种下降受到水位变化的影响,并且在个体同系物中表现出不同的响应。多氯联苯的时间下降幅度在水位上升时最高,在上游生物监测点,多氯联苯在所有同类中恢复到增加趋势。在中游位置,只有pcb 28 + 31和52改变了它们的时间轨迹,而其他pcb相对于恒定水位状态的下降速度减慢。对数据进行深度神经网络(DNN)模型训练。简约优化模型确定了沉积物多氯联苯浓度、化学KOW、年平均水位和年份是多氯联苯浓度最重要的预测因子,并且与多元回归模型相比解释了两倍以上的变化。总体而言,经验和模型结果都表明,水文波动显著影响该系统中生物可利用多氯联苯浓度及其时间趋势。随着底特律河的水位继续下降,预计未来几年多氯联苯将恢复之前的下降趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Uranium in Moroccan phosphate rock and derivatives: Occurrence, redistribution, and radiological considerations 摩洛哥磷矿中的铀及其衍生物:产状、再分布和放射性考虑
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144755
Fatima Ezzahra Arhouni , Maged Ahmed Saleh Abdo , Saad Ouakkas , Aziz Boukhair
Morocco holds the world's largest reserves of phosphate rock, which play a pivotal role in its economy through fertilizer production and global export. However, the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides, particularly uranium and its decay products, poses significant environmental and radiological challenges. This review synthesizes current knowledge on uranium concentrations in Moroccan phosphate rock and its industrial derivatives, drawing on recent studies that quantify radioactivity levels and their implications. We emphasize underexplored issues such as uranium speciation, its redistribution during processing, long-term accumulation in agricultural soils, and potential health risks. Additionally, we address gaps in current research, including the lack of nationwide monitoring programs, insufficient data on uranium mobility, and potential recovery opportunities from waste streams. By identifying these knowledge gaps, this review proposes future research directions to support sustainable phosphate exploitation while informing radiological risks and ensuring environmental and public health protection.
摩洛哥拥有世界上最大的磷矿储量,磷矿通过化肥生产和全球出口在其经济中发挥着关键作用。然而,天然存在的放射性核素,特别是铀及其衰变产物的存在,对环境和放射性构成重大挑战。本综述综合了目前关于摩洛哥磷矿及其工业衍生物中铀浓度的知识,并参考了量化放射性水平及其影响的最近研究。我们强调未充分探讨的问题,如铀的形态、加工过程中的再分配、农业土壤中的长期积累以及潜在的健康风险。此外,我们还解决了当前研究中的差距,包括缺乏全国性的监测计划、铀流动性数据不足以及从废物流中回收的潜在机会。通过识别这些知识空白,本文提出了未来的研究方向,以支持可持续的磷酸盐开采,同时告知放射性风险并确保环境和公众健康保护。
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引用次数: 0
Valorization of cassava starch waste for multifunctional packaging: Optimizing antimicrobial, thermal, mechanical, and functional performance through nutmeg essential oil integration 木薯淀粉废弃物多功能包装的价值化:通过肉豆蔻精油整合优化抗菌、热、机械和功能性能。
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144739
Chalani Akmeemana, Dulani Somendrika, Indira Wickramasinghe, Isuru Wijesekara
Cassava starch is a major global starch source, with 80 % of its production generating waste, predominantly cassava bagasse. This study valorized cassava bagasse by developing active packaging films incorporated with nutmeg essential oil (NO) at varying concentrations (1–3% w/w). The integration of NO increased film thickness from 0.38 mm to 0.67 mm, and tensile strength (TS) from 0.66 MPa to 1.19 MPa, while reducing density (1.33–1.21 g cm−3), transparency (75.51–53.62%), and solubility. Films exhibited higher opacity (46.72–58.73%) and enhanced color intensity. SEM images revealed fewer oil droplets and a more microporous structure, indicating improved compatibility. FT-IR confirmed that NO did not alter the film's chemical composition, although XRD indicated enhanced crystallinity. Thermal stability improved as the maximum decomposition temperature increased from 299.28 °C to 301.48 °C. Migration analysis demonstrated enhanced phytochemical release in different solvents, following Fickian-type diffusion. HS-SPME analysis revealed p-cymene, terpinen-4-ol, γ-terpinene, sabinene, and safrole as the dominant volatiles, contributing to antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Disk diffusion assays showed N03 exhibited the largest inhibition zones against E. coli (20.67 mm) and S. aureus (31.33 mm). Moreover, grapes packed with N03 (NO 3%) film maintained quality for 10 d at room temperature, with reduced weight loss, color variation, and microbial proliferation compared to controls. The findings confirm that NO incorporation significantly enhanced the physicochemical, structural, and bioactive performance of cassava bagasse films, demonstrating strong potential for sustainable food packaging applications.
木薯淀粉是全球主要的淀粉来源,其80%的生产产生废物,主要是木薯甘蔗渣。本研究通过开发含有不同浓度(1-3% w/w)肉豆蔻精油(NO)的活性包装膜来实现木薯甘蔗渣的增值。NO的加入使膜厚从0.38 mm增加到0.67 mm,抗拉强度从0.66 MPa增加到1.19 MPa,同时降低了密度(1.33 ~ 1.21 g cm-3)、透明度(75.51 ~ 53.62%)和溶解度。膜的不透明度提高(46.72 ~ 58.73%),颜色强度增强。SEM图像显示油滴减少,微孔结构增加,表明相容性改善。FT-IR证实NO没有改变薄膜的化学成分,尽管XRD表明结晶度增强。随着最高分解温度从299.28℃提高到301.48℃,热稳定性得到改善。迁移分析表明,在不同的溶剂中,植物化学物质的释放增强,遵循菲基式扩散。HS-SPME分析显示,对伞花烃、松油烯-4-醇、γ-松油烯、沙宾烯和黄樟酚为主要挥发物,具有抗氧化和抗菌活性。圆盘扩散试验表明,N03对大肠杆菌(20.67 mm)和金黄色葡萄球菌(31.33 mm)的抑制区最大。此外,用N03 (no3 %)薄膜包装的葡萄在室温下保持了10天的品质,与对照相比,重量下降、颜色变化和微生物增殖都有所减少。研究结果证实,NO的掺入显著提高了木薯甘蔗渣薄膜的物理化学、结构和生物活性性能,显示出可持续食品包装应用的强大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
The significance of hydrolase cascades on poly(aspartic) acid biodegradation assessment 水解酶级联在聚天冬氨酸生物降解评价中的意义。
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144607
Karin Binder , Jervis V. Thevathasan , Miriam Kronfuss , Alice Pedroni , Sarah Prochaska , Soumya S. Daturpalli , Michael Betz , Andreas Kuenkel , Georg M. Guebitz , Doris Ribitsch
Water-soluble polymers have exceptional properties and are therefore used in many applications. Many of these products end up down the drain; therefore biodegradability, especially in wastewater treatment plants, is essential to prevent accumulation in the environment. This study examined recombinant hydrolases PahZ1KT-1 and PahZ2KT-1 from Sphingomonas sp. KT-1 and PahZ1KP-2 from Pedobacter sp. KP-2 for their role in biodegrading water-soluble poly(aspartic acid) (tPAA). Analysis by a turbidity assay and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) revealed highest activity of PahZ1KT-1 and PahZ1KP-2 at pH 8 and 40 °C on tPAA, whereas PahZ2KT-1 showed no activity on the polymer but yet on its oligopeptides with highest values at pH 7 and 55 °C. GPC analysis revealed that PahZ1KT-1 and PahZ1KP-2 hydrolyzed tPAA (MN > 17,000 Da) into oligopeptides (>500 Da), while PahZ2KT-1 further degraded them to α-di(l-aspartic acid) and l-aspartic acid. Combined, these enzymes synergistically decomposed tPAA completely into l-aspartic acid within 24 h. Supplementation of hydrolases into standardized biodegradation test improved biodegradation (54 %) of tPAA after 28 d. Supplementing PahZ1KT-1 or PahZ1KP-2 alone achieved 52 % and 54 % tPAA biodegradation, respectively. Preincubating tPAA with hydrolases boosted degradation to 71 % in 28 d. These findings highlight enzymes' crucial role in breaking down macromolecules into lower molecular weight species for effective tPAA biodegradation.
水溶性聚合物具有特殊的性能,因此在许多应用中使用。这些产品中的许多最终都被浪费掉了;因此,生物可降解性,特别是在废水处理厂,是必不可少的,以防止在环境中积累。本研究研究了鞘单胞菌(Sphingomonas sp. KT-1)的重组水解酶PahZ1KT-1和Pedobacter sp. KP-2的重组水解酶PahZ2KT-1和pahz2kt -2在生物降解水溶性聚天冬氨酸(tPAA)中的作用。浊度测定和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析显示,PahZ1KT-1和PahZ1KP-2在pH值8和40°C时对tPAA的活性最高,而PahZ2KT-1对聚合物没有活性,但在pH值7和55°C时对其寡肽的活性最高。GPC分析显示,PahZ1KT-1和PahZ1KP-2水解tPAA (MN 17000 Da)为寡肽(>500 Da), PahZ2KT-1进一步降解为α-di(l-天冬氨酸)和l-天冬氨酸。在标准化生物降解试验中添加水解酶可提高28 d后tPAA的生物降解率(54%),单独添加PahZ1KT-1或PahZ1KP-2的tPAA生物降解率分别为52%和54%。用水解酶预孵育tPAA 28 d后,tPAA的降解率提高到71%。这些发现强调了酶在将大分子分解成低分子量物种以有效降解tPAA方面的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Atrazine alters nitric oxide secretion and cytokines production in LPS-stimulated BalB/c mice, RAW264.7 macrophage and THP-1 cell lines 阿特拉津改变lps刺激BalB/c小鼠、RAW264.7巨噬细胞和THP-1细胞系一氧化氮分泌和细胞因子产生。
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144749
Sunny O. Abarikwu , Ogechukwu E. Ezim , Guilherme M.J. Costa , Samyra M.S.N. Lacerda , Thalita Marcolan Valverde , Vivian Vasconcelos Costa , Oke Aruoren , Vivian E. Monye , Lauritta C. Ndufeiya-Kumasi , Iniobong A. Charles
Here, we investigated the effect of atrazine (ATZ, 50 mg kg−1 body weight) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, nitric oxide (NO) production, tissue weights and oxidative stress variables (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; (TBARS; measured as malondialdehyde) and catalase activity) in the testis, liver, epididymis, and prostate of BALB/c mice. In vitro, we examined the effects of ATZ (1–200 μM) on LPS-induced oxidative stress markers and NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, and cytokine responses (tumor necrosis factor-α: TNF-α and interleukin-1β: IL-1β) in differentiated THP-1 human macrophages after 48 h. The liver, testis, and prostate of ATZ + LPS animals had low NO concentrations relative to the LPS values. Interestingly, TBARS was increased in the ATZ + LPS-exposed mice in liver, epididymis and prostate compared to the LPS-treated mice. ATZ + LPS co-exposure also decreased the weight of the testis, epididymis, and prostate and altered the expression of iNOS in all the tissues. In vitro, ATZ alters the responses of RAW264.7 macrophages to inflammatory stimuli (LPS) by suppressing NO production. In differentiated THP-1 human macrophages, ATZ diminished TNF and IL-1β production following LPS stimulation. Altogether, our data indicate that atrazine suppresses immunological response in LPS-stimulated BALB/c mice and macrophage cell lines.
在这里,我们研究了阿特拉津(ATZ, 50 mg kg-1体重)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达、一氧化氮(NO)产生、组织重量和氧化应激变量(硫代巴比托酸反应物质(TBARS,测量为丙二醛)和过氧化氢酶活性)在BALB/c小鼠睾丸、肝脏、附睾和前列腺中的影响。在体外,我们检测了ATZ (1-200 μM)对LPS诱导的RAW 264.7巨噬细胞氧化应激标志物和NO生成的影响,以及48 h后分化的THP-1人巨噬细胞的细胞因子反应(肿瘤坏死因子-α: TNF-α和白细胞介素-1β: IL-1β)。与LPS相比,ATZ + LPS动物的肝脏、睾丸和前列腺的NO浓度较低。有趣的是,与lps处理的小鼠相比,ATZ + lps暴露的小鼠肝脏、附睾和前列腺的TBARS增加。ATZ + LPS共暴露还降低了睾丸、附睾和前列腺的体重,并改变了所有组织中iNOS的表达。在体外,ATZ通过抑制NO的产生改变RAW264.7巨噬细胞对炎症刺激(LPS)的反应。在分化的THP-1人巨噬细胞中,ATZ减少LPS刺激后TNF和IL-1β的产生。总之,我们的数据表明,阿特拉津抑制lps刺激的BALB/c小鼠和巨噬细胞系的免疫反应。
{"title":"Atrazine alters nitric oxide secretion and cytokines production in LPS-stimulated BalB/c mice, RAW264.7 macrophage and THP-1 cell lines","authors":"Sunny O. Abarikwu ,&nbsp;Ogechukwu E. Ezim ,&nbsp;Guilherme M.J. Costa ,&nbsp;Samyra M.S.N. Lacerda ,&nbsp;Thalita Marcolan Valverde ,&nbsp;Vivian Vasconcelos Costa ,&nbsp;Oke Aruoren ,&nbsp;Vivian E. Monye ,&nbsp;Lauritta C. Ndufeiya-Kumasi ,&nbsp;Iniobong A. Charles","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here, we investigated the effect of atrazine (ATZ, 50 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> body weight) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, nitric oxide (NO) production, tissue weights and oxidative stress variables (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; (TBARS; measured as malondialdehyde) and catalase activity) in the testis, liver, epididymis, and prostate of BALB/c mice. In vitro, we examined the effects of ATZ (1–200 μM) on LPS-induced oxidative stress markers and NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, and cytokine responses (tumor necrosis factor-α: TNF-α and interleukin-1β: IL-1β) in differentiated THP-1 human macrophages after 48 h. The liver, testis, and prostate of ATZ + LPS animals had low NO concentrations relative to the LPS values. Interestingly, TBARS was increased in the ATZ + LPS-exposed mice in liver, epididymis and prostate compared to the LPS-treated mice. ATZ + LPS co-exposure also decreased the weight of the testis, epididymis, and prostate and altered the expression of iNOS in all the tissues. In vitro, ATZ alters the responses of RAW264.7 macrophages to inflammatory stimuli (LPS) by suppressing NO production. In differentiated THP-1 human macrophages, ATZ diminished TNF and IL-1β production following LPS stimulation. Altogether, our data indicate that atrazine suppresses immunological response in LPS-stimulated BALB/c mice and macrophage cell lines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"392 ","pages":"Article 144749"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bayesian and unsupervised learning insights into pH- and temperature-driven sorption of fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides on marine algal biochar 贝叶斯和无监督学习对pH值和温度驱动的氟喹诺酮类药物和磺胺类药物在海洋藻类生物炭上的吸附的见解。
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144753
Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao , Nguyen Le The Quang , Pham Thi Le Na , Bao-Trong Dang
Marine macroalgae are rich in nitrogen and oxygen functional groups, making their pyrolysis products promising adsorbents for antibiotic removal. This study investigated the brown algae biochar (SW400, SW600) for its ability to remove fluoroquinolones (FQs) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from water under various pH levels (3-10) and temperatures (20–32 °C). Nonlinear adsorption constants and thermodynamic parameters were estimated using Bayesian inference, while unsupervised pattern recognition revealed different adsorption mechanisms. Time-dependent adsorption was quantified via batch kinetic and continuous-flow fixed-bed breakthrough experiments, interpreted using six independent nonlinear models. Results found that SW400 maintained high concentrations of total phenolic and carboxylic groups (∼2.21 mmol g−1), while SW600 exhibited a fivefold reduction in these functional groups. As the pH shifts from 3 to 7, the sorption FQs transitions from cation exchange and cation-π interactions to π–π EDA interactions, corresponding with a reduction in cationic species distribution. Hydrogen bonding is the primary mechanism for SMX sorption, with SW400 sorption surpassing biochar derived from land-based biomass by 7–26 times. Sorption is characterized as an endothermic and entropy-driven process. The sorption kinetics were primarily affected by the ionization, steric structure, and hydration state of the antibiotics rather than the properties of the biochar types. In continuous-flow fixed-bed columns, the kinetic sorption was predicted using the Chu–Hashim model and aligned closely with batch kinetics. Our findings demonstrate that seaweed biochar provides an environmentally sustainable method for the removal of antibiotics, thereby contributing to the advancement of Sustainable Development Goals 6, 7, 12, and 14 b.
海洋巨藻含有丰富的氮、氧官能团,其热解产物是很有前途的抗生素去除吸附剂。本研究考察了褐藻生物炭(SW400、SW600)在不同pH值(3-10)和温度(20-32℃)下对水中氟喹诺酮类药物(FQs)和磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)的去除能力。非线性吸附常数和热力学参数通过贝叶斯推断估计,而无监督模式识别揭示了不同的吸附机理。通过间歇动力学和连续流动固定床突破实验定量了时间依赖性吸附,并使用六个独立的非线性模型进行了解释。结果发现,SW400保持了高浓度的总酚和羧基(约2.21 mmol g-1),而SW600显示出这些官能团的五倍减少。随着pH值从3到7的变化,吸附FQs从阳离子交换和阳离子-π相互作用转变为π-π EDA相互作用,相应的阳离子种类分布减少。氢键是SMX吸附的主要机制,SW400的吸附性能是陆地生物质生物炭的7-26倍。吸附是一个吸热和熵驱动的过程。吸附动力学主要受抗生素的电离、空间结构和水合状态的影响,而不是受生物炭类型的性质的影响。在连续流动固定床柱中,采用Chu-Hashim模型预测了吸附动力学,并与批动力学密切相关。我们的研究结果表明,海藻生物炭为去除抗生素提供了一种环境可持续的方法,从而有助于推进可持续发展目标6、7、12和14 b。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the silent threats of pharmaceutical contaminants in indian seas: Monitoring, biological impact, and sustainable mitigation 探索印度洋药物污染物的无声威胁:监测、生物影响和可持续缓解
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144750
Krishnamoorthy Santhosh , Pavithra Thiraviyam , Pauline Christupaul Roseline , Kamala Kannan , Dhanraj Ganapathy , Pitchiah Sivaperumal
Infiltration of pharmaceuticals into marine ecosystems has emerged as a critical yet underexplored dimension of coastal pollution, with profound implications for biodiversity, ecosystem stability, and human health. This review synthesizes global and Indian perspectives on the sources, pathways, occurrence, and ecotoxicological impacts of Environmentally Persistent Pharmaceutical Pollutants (EPPPs) in marine environments, with emphasis on India's ecologically sensitive and economically vital 7500 km coastline. Marine pharmaceutical pollution has emerged as a significant environmental concern, with residues of antibiotics, NSAIDs, antidepressants, hormones, and anticancer drugs detected at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 180 μg/L in coastal waters, sediments, and biota across Indian marine ecosystems. Sources include hospital and urban effluents, aquaculture and agricultural runoff, pharmaceutical manufacturing discharges, and improper disposal. Persistent pharmaceuticals, classified as Environmentally Persistent Pharmaceutical Pollutants (EPPPs), exhibit low degradability, bioaccumulate through trophic levels, and disrupt endocrine, neurological, and reproductive processes in marine flora and fauna. Chronic exposure promotes antimicrobial resistance, alters microbial community composition, reduces primary productivity in phytoplankton and macroalgae, and impairs fish behavior, immunity, and reproduction. Advanced analytical methods such as LC-MS/MS, UHPLC-QTOF-MS, FTIR, and SPE-LC-MS/MS enable detection of trace-level residues (<0.03–0.5 μg/L) in complex matrices. Sustainable mitigation strategies including microbial and algal bioremediation, enzymatic degradation, and carbonand biopolymer-based nanomaterials show promise for efficient pharmaceutical removal. Integrating multi-omics approaches, AI-driven predictive modeling, and policy frameworks is essential for evidence-based, scalable, and eco-efficient management of marine pharmaceutical pollution.
药物渗入海洋生态系统已成为沿海污染的一个关键但尚未得到充分探索的方面,对生物多样性、生态系统稳定性和人类健康产生深远影响。本文综合了全球和印度对海洋环境中环境持久性药物污染物(EPPPs)的来源、途径、发生和生态毒理学影响的看法,重点介绍了印度7500公里的生态敏感和经济重要海岸线。海洋药物污染已成为一个重要的环境问题,在印度海洋生态系统的沿海水域、沉积物和生物群中检测到的抗生素、非甾体抗炎药、抗抑郁药、激素和抗癌药物的残留浓度在0.1至180 μg/L之间。污染源包括医院和城市污水、水产养殖和农业径流、制药业排放和不当处置。持久性药物被归类为环境持久性药物污染物(EPPPs),具有低降解性,通过营养水平进行生物积累,并破坏海洋动植物的内分泌、神经和生殖过程。长期接触可促进抗菌素耐药性,改变微生物群落组成,降低浮游植物和大型藻类的初级生产力,并损害鱼类的行为、免疫和繁殖。先进的分析方法,如LC-MS/MS、UHPLC-QTOF-MS、FTIR和SPE-LC-MS/MS,可以检测复杂基质中痕量残留(0.03-0.5 μg/L)。包括微生物和藻类生物修复、酶降解以及基于碳和生物聚合物的纳米材料在内的可持续缓解策略有望实现高效的药物去除。整合多组学方法、人工智能驱动的预测建模和政策框架对于以证据为基础、可扩展和生态高效的海洋药物污染管理至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Refining environmental risk assessment of diltiazem in groundwater through better surrogate selection and sublethal endpoints 通过更好的替代选择和亚致死终点改进地尔硫卓在地下水中的环境风险评估
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144744
Tiziana Di Lorenzo , Sanda Iepure , Mattia Di Cicco , Diana Maria Paola Galassi , Walter Dario Di Marzio
Pharmaceutical pollution is a growing concern for aquatic ecosystems, yet the extent of contamination in groundwater and its ecological consequences remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap stems in part from the lack of mandatory monitoring of pharmaceutical compounds in groundwater across most regions of the world and from the lack of ecotoxicological tests on obligate groundwater-dwelling fauna. In this study, we applied the European Medicines Agency guidelines for groundwater environmental risk assessment (ERA) of diltiazem - a calcium channel blocker – introducing methodological adaptations to better reflect the characteristics of groundwater communities. We compared the sensitivity of the standard test species Daphnia magna and that of the facultative groundwater copepod Diacyclops crassicaudis crassicaudis, and we validated the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) of diltiazem by assessing its sublethal effects on oxygen consumption rates. We also reviewed the global literature to compile measured environmental concentrations of diltiazem in freshwater systems and, finally, estimated the potential risk to groundwater. Our study showed that D. crassicaudis crassicaudis is more sensitive to diltiazem than D. magna, supporting its use as surrogate species for groundwater ERA. Moreover, short-term exposure (48 h) to a sublethal concentration (54 μg/L) significantly increased oxygen consumption in D. crassicaudis crassicaudis, indicating the need for a groundwater PNEC at least one order of magnitude lower than that applied to surface waters. These findings highlight a negligible environmental risk from diltiazem in groundwater and stress the need to revise current regulatory thresholds by incorporating sublethal endpoints, ultimately promoting more realistic ERA for groundwater ecosystems.
药物污染是水生生态系统日益关注的问题,但地下水污染的程度及其生态后果仍然知之甚少。造成这一知识差距的部分原因是,世界上大多数地区缺乏对地下水中药物化合物的强制性监测,也缺乏对特定的地下水动物进行生态毒理学试验。在这项研究中,我们应用了欧洲药品管理局地下水环境风险评估指南(ERA),引入了方法调整,以更好地反映地下水群落的特征。我们比较了标准试验物种大水蚤(Daphnia magna)和兼性地下水桡足动物Diacyclops crassicaudis的敏感性,并通过评估地尔硫卓对耗氧率的亚致死效应,验证了其预测的无效应浓度(PNEC)。我们还回顾了全球文献,汇编了淡水系统中测量的地尔硫卓环境浓度,最后估计了对地下水的潜在风险。我们的研究表明,crassicaudis对地尔硫卓的敏感性高于D. magna,支持其作为地下水ERA的替代物种。此外,短期暴露于亚致死浓度(54 μg/L)下(48 h)显著增加了白腹沙鼠的耗氧量,表明地下水的PNEC至少比地表水低一个数量级。这些发现强调了地尔硫卓在地下水中的环境风险可以忽略不计,并强调需要通过纳入亚致死终点来修改当前的监管阈值,最终促进地下水生态系统更现实的ERA。
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引用次数: 0
An automated high-throughput platform reveals chromatic phototactic disruption in Daphnia magna exposed to the UV filters benzophenone-3 and octocrylene 一个自动化的高通量平台揭示了暴露于紫外滤光剂二苯甲酮-3和八烯的水蚤的彩色感光破坏
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144748
Juliette Bedrossiantz , Sergi Pujol , Josep M. Porta , Juan C. Carrizo , M. Silvia Diaz-Cruz , Carlos Barata
Modern imaging enables real-time observation of behavior under stress. Light is a major stressor for fish larvae and aquatic invertebrates, yet the effects of different wavelengths and intensities on behavior remain poorly understood. The freshwater zooplankton Daphnia magna, a key model species, typically displays negative vertical phototaxis to avoid predation. This study applied a high-throughput video-tracking system to assess chromatic phototactic responses in D. magna exposed to two common UV filters, octocrylene (OC) and benzophenone-3 (BP-3), at concentrations from 0.1 to 1000 μg/L. A custom chamber was designed with two experimental setups: (i) a horizontal rack of six 30 mL arenas to examine vertical phototaxis across wavelengths, and (ii) a 200 mL arena to test color preference. Illumination was provided by five LEDs (red, green, blue, UV-A, white) with infrared backlighting, and tracking performed using an infrared GigE camera with Python-based analysis. Control assays showed adult D. magna preferred blue and white light, followed by green, red, and UV. The strongest negative phototaxis occurred under UV-A, the weakest under red. Locomotor activity was greatest under white and lowest under red. Chemical exposure altered these patterns: OC at 10 μg/L increased negative phototaxis and reduced movement, whereas BP-3 at 100–1000 μg/L enhanced both. UV filters also shifted color preference, increasing selection of UV over other wavelengths, blue over white, and green over blue. Such behavioral disruptions could influence diel vertical migration, foraging, and trophic interactions, potentially increasing zooplankton predation and reducing algae grazing. This platform provides a robust high-throughput approach to evaluate locomotor responses of aquatic organisms under varying light conditions, offering new opportunities to uncover how chemical pollutants disrupt visual perception and behavior in aquatic ecosystems.
现代成像技术可以实时观察压力下的行为。光是鱼类幼虫和水生无脊椎动物的主要应激源,但不同波长和强度对行为的影响仍然知之甚少。淡水浮游动物大水蚤(Daphnia magna)是一种重要的模式物种,通常表现出负垂直趋光性以避免捕食。本研究采用高通量视频跟踪系统,在0.1至1000 μg/L的浓度范围内,对暴露于两种常见紫外滤光剂——八烯(OC)和二苯甲酮-3 (BP-3)——下的D. magna的色光致敏反应进行了评估。设计了一个定制的实验室,有两个实验装置:(i)一个水平机架,有六个30毫升的舞台,用于检查不同波长的垂直趋光性;(ii)一个200毫升的舞台,用于测试颜色偏好。照明由5个led(红、绿、蓝、UV-A、白)和红外背光提供,并使用红外GigE相机进行跟踪,并进行基于python的分析。对照试验显示,成虫对蓝光和白光的偏好依次为绿光、红光和紫外光。紫外光- a下的趋光性最强,红光下的趋光性最弱。运动活动在白色下最大,在红色下最低。化学暴露改变了这些模式:10 μg/L的OC增加了负趋光性并减少了运动,而100-1000 μg/L的BP-3增强了这两种模式。紫外线过滤器也改变了颜色偏好,增加了紫外线对其他波长的选择,蓝对白,绿对蓝。这种行为中断可能会影响diel的垂直迁移、觅食和营养相互作用,潜在地增加浮游动物的捕食和减少藻类的放牧。该平台提供了一种强大的高通量方法来评估水生生物在不同光照条件下的运动反应,为揭示化学污染物如何破坏水生生态系统中的视觉感知和行为提供了新的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos on mortality, survival, behavior, prey consumption, and digestibility of the predatory stinkbug, Podisus fuscescens 毒死蜱对捕食性臭虫Podisus fuscesensis的死亡率、存活率、行为、猎物消耗和消化率的影响
IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144751
Weslei dos Santos Cunha , Carlos Henrique Martins de Menezes , Thaiany Moreira Alvarenga , Angelica Plata-Rueda , José Eduardo Serrão , Jose Cola Zanuncio , Luis Carlos Martínez
Podisus fuscescens (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a predator that feeds on defoliating caterpillars in agricultural and forest crops. However, P. fuscescens often consumes prey that are commonly controlled by broad-spectrum insecticides, posing a threat to this predator. Mortality, survival, behavior, food consumption, and digestibility were evaluated in P. fuscescens after exposure to the insecticide chlorpyrifos via contact and ingestion. The lethal concentration (LC50 = 0.50 g L−1) of chlorpyrifos for P. fuscescens was determined after 48 h of exposure. During this period, survival rates for adults were 36.6 %, 21.1 %, 16.7 %, and 4.6 % at LC25 = 0.28, LC50 = 0.50, LC75 = 0.90, and LC90 = 1.52 g L−1, respectively. Movement behavior, including walking distance and resting time, decreased following exposure to the insecticide, while meandering behavior increased. Chlorpyrifos did not affect the prey preference of P. fuscescens. However, food consumption decreased when the stinkbug inserted its stylets into chlorpyrifos-contaminated prey, compared to the control group. Although the insecticide did not damage the salivary glands, it affected the digestive cells, potentially impairing the insect's digestibility. These findings suggest that chlorpyrifos can negatively impact the predatory activity of this biocontrol agent.
fuscescens(半翅目:蝽科)是一种以农林作物的落叶毛虫为食的捕食者。然而,fuscescens经常消耗通常被广谱杀虫剂控制的猎物,对这种捕食者构成威胁。通过接触和摄入杀虫剂毒死蜱,对fuscescens的死亡率、存活率、行为、食物消耗和消化率进行了评估。暴露48 h后测定毒死蜱对褐梭菌的致死浓度(LC50 = 0.50 g L−1)。在LC25 = 0.28、LC50 = 0.50、LC75 = 0.90和LC90 = 1.52 g L−1时,成虫存活率分别为36.6%、21.1%、16.7%和4.6%。运动行为,包括行走距离和休息时间,在杀虫剂作用下减少,而徘徊行为增加。毒死蜱对褐皮螟的捕食偏好没有影响。然而,与对照组相比,当臭虫将其柱头插入被毒死蜱污染的猎物时,食物消耗量减少了。虽然杀虫剂没有损害唾液腺,但它影响了消化细胞,潜在地损害了昆虫的消化能力。这些结果表明,毒死蜱会对该生物防治剂的捕食性产生负面影响。
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Chemosphere
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