Chemosphere最新文献

{"title":"Neurobiological effects assessment in wild rodents exposed to mercury in Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve, Querétaro, Mexico","authors":"S. Vargas-Ruiz ,&nbsp;C.G. Castillo ,&nbsp;E. Rubio-Hernández ,&nbsp;A. Gavilán-García ,&nbsp;F. Díaz-Barriga ,&nbsp;G. Espinosa-Reyes","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mercury causes disturbances in neurological functions at both the molecular and cellular levels, impacting various regions of the central nervous system and leading to neural dysfunction, which is evident through behavioral changes. This research aimed to assess the neurotoxic effects of mercury (Hg) exposure on wild rodents (Peromyscus spp.) inhabiting areas involved in artisanal mercury mining within the Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve in Queretaro, Mexico. Mercury levels were quantified in environmental samples (soil) and the brain tissue of the sampled rodents using atomic absorption spectrophotometry via the cold vapor method. Histopathological assessments of the rodent brains were conducted, focusing on cell enumeration within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. We analyzed the expression patterns of four genes linked to three distinct neurotransmitter receptors in the rodent brain tissue using RT-qPCR: the <em>Drd1</em> gene of the dopaminergic pathway, NR1 and NR2A subunits associated with the NMDA-type ionotropic glutamate receptor, and the γ-3 subunit pertinent to the GABAA receptor. Our findings reveal a significant difference in cerebral mercury concentrations between control and reference groups compared to the rodent cohort near the mining area (p &lt; 0.001). Histological assessments indicated a reduced cellular count within the hippocampal region in rodents with elevated mercury levels (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, an inverse correlation was observed between hippocampal cell count and total mercury concentration in the neural tissue, with r = −0.72 (p &lt; 0.05). Notably, gene expression related to the examined receptors remained statistically consistent across all rodent groups. This study highlights the neurotoxic potential of inorganic mercury (Hg²⁺); wild organisms exposed to this compound exhibit cellular abnormalities within vital central nervous system areas, notably the hippocampus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144803"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of ions co-occurring in water on antibiotics degradation by UV-based advanced oxidation process","authors":"Zaied Bin Khalid ,&nbsp;Celine Kelso ,&nbsp;Jason van de Merwe ,&nbsp;Faisal I. Hai","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pollution of natural water sources with antibiotics is an emerging environmental concern. This study evaluated the degradation efficiency of nine antibiotics in a mixed solution under different UV-based advanced oxidation processes. In the UV-only treatment, ciprofloxacin, cefalexin, and ceftiofur were fully degraded within 5 min, meropenem within 10 min, and penicillin G, roxithromycin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, and sulfamethazine within 30 min. The effects of inorganic ions and organic matter were investigated due to their significant influence on the degradation performance of antibiotics. Chloride ion, sulfate ion, and humic acid negatively affected degradation, reducing mean degradation efficiency over a period of 15 min to 60–80 %, 57–97 %, and 74–79 %, respectively. In contrast, nitrate, phosphate, and bicarbonate enhanced degradation, with mean degradation efficiency exceeding 95 %. To further enhance the degradation efficiency, UV-based oxidants (persulfate, peroxide, and chlorine) were applied, achieving 95–100 % degradation within 15 min, except for roxithromycin, which required a longer incubation period for complete degradation. A bioluminescence assay showed relatively low acute toxicity of the antibiotics before and after treatments, with a maximum of 4.1 rTU observed during the UV/chlorine process in the presence of co-occurring ions. Notably, this is the first study to report on antibiotic degradation under realistic concentrations of antibiotics and co-occurring ions, demonstrating that the UV/chlorine process offers the most effective performance for antibiotic degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144798"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling new abilities of actinobacteria: Proficiency in the bioremoval of the emerging contaminant ivermectin","authors":"Victoria Guadalupe González Holc ,&nbsp;María Alejandra Small ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Arnau ,&nbsp;Claudia Susana Benimeli ,&nbsp;Juan Daniel Aparicio ,&nbsp;Marta Alejandra Polti","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging contaminants are synthetic or natural compounds that remain largely unregulated in the environment but may pose ecological and health risks. Among them is ivermectin, widely used to treat bovine parasitosis and, more recently, human viral infections. Bioremediation using actinobacteria represents a promising strategy for removing such compounds, given their remarkable metabolic versatility and ability to detoxify contaminants. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of actinobacteria to remove ivermectin. A qualitative screening assay was conducted using 12 strains on solid media. Nine of them showed tolerance and were subsequently cultured in liquid medium supplemented with ivermectin (0.1 g L⁻¹), either as the sole carbon source or in combination with glucose, at 30 °C for 7 days under agitation. In parallel, a robust and validated HPLC-based method for ivermectin extraction and quantification was established. The strains showed differential performance when cultured with either ivermectin or ivermectin plus glucose. Notably, five strains showed growth using ivermectin as the sole carbon source. Among them, <em>Streptomyces</em> spp. ER1 and SG1 achieved the highest rates of ivermectin removal in the presence of glucose, reaching 84 % and 61 % elimination, respectively. This study provides the first evidence of <em>Streptomyces</em> strains capable of utilizing IVM as a sole carbon source and achieving high removal rates via co-metabolism, highlighting their unique potential for bioremediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144806"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging and legacy pollutants in abyssal sediments of the world’s largest enclosed waterbody","authors":"Peygham Ghaffari ,&nbsp;Bert van Bavel ,&nbsp;Ali Mehdinia ,&nbsp;Madeline Jefroy ,&nbsp;Reza Rahnama ,&nbsp;Davoud Jahedi Vaighan ,&nbsp;Evgeniy Yakushev ,&nbsp;Mehrshad Taheri ,&nbsp;Ali Hamzehpoor ,&nbsp;Parisa Habibi ,&nbsp;Muna Hosseindoost ,&nbsp;Xie Haichao ,&nbsp;Hamid A.K. Lahijani","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides the first integrated assessment of emerging (microplastics, MPs) and legacy (organochlorine pesticides, OCPs; polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs; and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) contaminants in abyssal sediments (<span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span>700 m) of the southern Caspian Sea. Vertically resolved cores (0–6 cm) were analyzed to determine compound-specific distributions and persistence. MPs were found only in the surface layer (0–2 cm) at 16 items kg⁻¹ dw, composed exclusively of polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers, indicating restricted downward transport. OCPs such as 4,4<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>-DDT and Dieldrin declined sharply with depth, whereas transformation products (4,4<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>-DDE) and recalcitrant compounds persisted. PCBs were confined to surface sediments, while total PAHs (<span><math><mo>∑</mo></math></span>PAHs) increased with depth (49–68 ng g⁻¹), reflecting stronger contributions from natural petrogenic sources associated with pre-industrial conditions. These results show that the southern Caspian abyss functions as a long-term sink for both emerging and legacy contaminants, governed by hydrographic isolation, weak bottom circulation, and sediment focusing. The co-occurrence of MPs and persistent hydrocarbons underscores the role of enclosed basins in global contaminant storage and long-term pollutant fate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144802"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Submicron biochar induces developmental toxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"Anying Chen ,&nbsp;Bing Wang ,&nbsp;Ping Li ,&nbsp;Qianwei Feng ,&nbsp;Rui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Submicron biochar (submicron-BC) has been widely used in various fields for environmental pollution remediation due to its excellent physicochemical properties. However, its application may cause adverse effects on the environment and aquatic organisms. To investigate the effects of submicron-BC on aquatic organisms, different organic solid wastes were used as feedstocks to produce submicron-BC, and zebrafish was selected as the target test organism. According to the embryonic development experiment, ball-milled sawdust biochar (BSB) prepared at 450 °C was identified as the most toxic submicron-BC. The characterization results by atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope showed that BSB had irregular spherical surfaces. The embryos were treated with BSB (1,10, and 100 mg/L) for 96 h Its effects on the embryonic development of zebrafish were concentration-dependent and time-dependent. Specifically, BSB led to decreased survival rates, hatching rates, and body length. With the increasing of the concentrations (1,10, and 100 mg/L) and exposure time (1,4, and 7 d) of BSB, the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase initially increased and then decreased, while the content of malondialdehyde continued to rise in adult zebrafish. Comet analysis also showed that BSB caused dose-dependent DNA damage in the liver and gills of adult zebrafish. Humic acid could reduce the content of persistent free radicals in BSB, thus alleviating the toxicity of BSB to the embryo. This work provides a basis for exploring the toxic mechanism and environmental risk assessment of submicron-BC in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144801"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the acute toxicity of binary and ternary mixtures of Cu, Zn, As and Se to Daphnia magna: a component-based approach using isobologram analyses and ternary diagrams","authors":"Wijdane Limouni ,&nbsp;Valentin Dupraz ,&nbsp;Patrice Couture ,&nbsp;Carmen Mihaela Neculita ,&nbsp;Vincent Cloutier ,&nbsp;Eric Rosa","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The acute toxicity of binary and ternary combinations of Cu, Zn, As and Se to <em>Daphnia magna</em> was investigated. The aim was to provide a detailed characterization of the interactive effects of these elements in relation to aquatic toxicity. The binary and ternary combinations were evaluated using isobolograms, the concentration addition (CA) model, the independent action (IA) model, and the Hewlett model. They were also implemented using the MixModel package in R. This approach facilitated the identification of potential synergism, additivity, and antagonism, in addition to the characterization of binary and ternary interactions within a mixture composition space. For the binary combinations, <span><math><mrow><mtext>Cu</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Zn</mtext></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mtext>Zn</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Se</mtext></mrow></math></span> had the most robust evidence for synergism with EC₅₀ estimates &lt;1 toxicity unit (TU), as low as 0.27 TU for <span><math><mrow><mtext>Cu</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Zn</mtext></mrow></math></span>, and 0.30 TU for <span><math><mrow><mtext>Zn</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Se</mtext></mrow></math></span>. Combinations of <span><math><mrow><mtext>As</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Cu</mtext></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mtext>As</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Se</mtext></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mtext>Cu</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Se</mtext></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><mtext>As</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Zn</mtext></mrow></math></span> were mostly additive, with EC₅₀ estimates ∼1 TU for all evaluated ratios. In all of the tested ternary combinations, Cu was identified the most toxic component. Emergent effects, which were defined as toxicity responses arising from combinations of toxicity which were not dependent on binary combinations, were observed in some ternary combinations. Synergism was observed in the <span><math><mrow><mtext>As</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Cu</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Se</mtext></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mtext>As</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Cu</mtext><mo>−</mo><mtext>Zn</mtext></mrow></math></span> mixtures, suggesting that binary combinations alone are insufficient for predicting interactions involving more than two components. Ternary diagrams also showed potential areas of high toxicity (<span><math><mrow><mtext>TU</mtext><mspace></mspace><mo>&gt;</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span>), mostly in the Cu-dominated mixtures. These observations suggest that the toxicity assessment of trace metals and metalloids commonly found in mining and metallurgical effluents (in this case Cu, Zn, As, and Se) must take into account the effect of mixtures and not rely on substance-by-substance assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144791"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of population density and industrial activity on PM2.5-Related adverse health outcomes: A study of the Quebec–Ontario corridor in Canada","authors":"Hwashin H. Shin ,&nbsp;Muzeyyen Kabasakal ,&nbsp;James G. Owen ,&nbsp;Anna O. Delic ,&nbsp;Katarina Kunarac ,&nbsp;Stéphane Buteau","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air quality tends to deteriorate in densely populated and industrialized regions, increasing the risk of hospitalization and mortality. The Quebec City–Windsor Corridor (hereafter “Corridor”) is a region in Canada characterized by high population density and extensive manufacturing and transportation infrastructure. This study compared PM_2.5-related health outcomes in the Corridor and non-Corridor regions to assess the influence of population density and industrial activity on human health. We analyzed data from 89 census divisions (CDs), representing approximately 80 % of the Canadian population, including 41 CDs within the Corridor (58 % of the population). Daily PM_2.5 concentrations were linked to daily counts of all-cause, circulatory, and respiratory hospitalizations and mortality. A two-stage modeling approach was used: CD-specific risks were estimated using over-dispersed generalized Poisson models, followed by Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate regional (Corridor vs. non-Corridor) and national risks. While all-cause health outcomes showed little regional difference, cause-specific health risks indicated some regional differences varying by cause, season, age, and sex. Compared to the non-Corridor, the Corridor exhibited higher risks (per 10 μg/m³ PM_2.5) for respiratory hospitalization during the cold season for both non-seniors, age 1–65 years, (0.98 %, 95 % CI 0.00–1.90 % versus −0.01 %, −1.36–1.34 %) and seniors, age 66 and over, (0.97 %, 0.08–1.86 % versus −0.60 %, −2.01–0.75 %), and for circulatory mortality during the warm season for seniors (1.86 %, 0.74–2.92 % versus 0.17 %, −1.66–1.92 %) and females (2.74 %, 1.23–4.25 % versus 0.30 %, −2.24–2.78 %). These findings suggest that Corridor residents — especially seniors and females— are subject to greater PM_2.5-related health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144796"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeochemical characterization of froth treatment tailings","authors":"Amy-lynne Balaberda ,&nbsp;Dennis Escolástico-Ortiz ,&nbsp;Christine Martineau ,&nbsp;Nicole E. Heshka ,&nbsp;Matthew B.J. Lindsay ,&nbsp;Dani Degenhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Froth treatment tailings (FTT) are byproducts of bitumen extraction at oil sands mines in northern Alberta. Produced during froth treatment, where diluent such as naphtha is added to separate bitumen from water and solids, FTT contain residual hydrocarbons and sulfide minerals like pyrite, potentially posing reclamation challenges. This study investigated the spatial and vertical distribution of hydrocarbons and microbial communities across a transect of an FTT deposit at Syncrude's Mildred Lake Settling Basin. Residual naphtha and petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) concentrations reflected deposition history, with higher concentrations near the pond and in deeper, older tailings at the dyke. Microbial diversity was lower in FTT than in underlying coarse tailings, with the lowest diversity observed at ∼30 m depth, likely due to moderate to high PHC concentrations, anoxic conditions, and nutrient limitations. Microbial community composition varied with depth, material type, and location, and FTT were enriched in taxa involved in hydrocarbon degradation (<em>Pseudomonas</em>), sulfur cycling (<em>Thiobacillus</em>, <em>Desulfovibrio</em>, <em>Desulfotomaculales</em>), and methanogenesis (<em>Methanosaeta</em>). Among hydrocarbons, toluene and ethylbenzene were strong predictors of microbial variation. Pyrite content also emerged as an important driver, likely due to its role in redox processes. These results highlight the close links between residual diluent, tailings geochemistry, and microbial ecology, emphasizing the importance of accurate FTT characterization to support closure landform design and inform future reclamation monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144800"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of indigenous soil microbes on switchgrass tolerance to lead stress","authors":"Wei Ren ,&nbsp;Gail W.T. Wilson ,&nbsp;Yipeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Frost Trussell ,&nbsp;Tingying Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead (Pb) contamination of soil poses a significant and pressing environmental threat to a multitude of ecosystems. Phytoremediation assisted by the collaborative activities of rhizosphere soil microbes holds considerable promise for the removal of metal contaminants from affected sites. Nevertheless, there remains a substantial shortage of knowledge regarding the impact of indigenous rhizosphere soil microbes on plant strategies for Pb accumulation and Pb speciation within plant-microbial root associations. In this study, switchgrass (<em>Panicum virgatum</em>) was grown in soils with varied Pb stress (0, 200, 800, 1400, and 2000 mg/kg), with and without native microbial inoculants, to investigate how plant–microbe interactions influence Pb transfer and speciation in native soils. Notably, our findings highlight the remarkable Pb tolerance of switchgrass. The plants sustained robust growth and resilience even at 2000 mg/kg, a concentration far exceeding the recommended Pb limit for human health. Native microbial inoculation significantly increased Pb retention in roots and reduced its translocation to leaves, likely due to a stable symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The combination of switchgrass and microbial inoculants altered soil pH and rhizosphere processes, consequently leading to changes in the bioavailability of Pb. A numerical model based on the mass balance equation predicted that over 80 % of bioavailable soil Pb could be removed within 120 days. Our study advances the understanding of Pb accumulation and transfer in plants and the benefits of inoculation with indigenous soil microbial communities, thereby laying the foundation for the development of enhanced phytoremediation strategies of efficient Pb removal from contaminated soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144797"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient degradation of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A using dual Z-scheme Sr2MgSi2O7: Eu2+, Dy3+/BiVO4/NH2-UiO-66 heterojunctions with round-the-clock photocatalytic activity","authors":"Si-yuan He,&nbsp;Wei Wen,&nbsp;Peng Wu,&nbsp;Zhe Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing a green and efficient technology for decomposing aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in grains has important theoretical value and application prospects for ensuring food safety. A dual Z-scheme ternary heterojunction photocatalyst, Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺/BiVO₄/NH₂-UiO-66 (SBN), was prepared via a self-assembling hydrothermal approach. The SBN heterojunction photocatalyst exhibits round-the-clock photocatalytic activity due to the intrinsic light source of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ (SMS). Dual Z-scheme mechanism was proposed and validated through detailed analysis of quenching experiments, ESR spectra, band arrangement, and charge transfer processes. The dual Z-scheme mechanism not only promotes the effective transfer and separation of photo generated charge carriers during charge carrier transport, but also maintains significant reduction and oxidation potentials. SBN photocatalyst exhibits stable and persistent photocatalytic performance, significantly enhancing the degradation efficiency of AFB₁ and OTA under all-weather conditions. Experimental data shows that the removal rate of AFB₁ increased from 69.60 % after 60 min of illumination to 83.9 % after 4 h of turning off the light source; At the same time, the removal rate of OTA increased from 64.8 % to 78.1 %. •O₂⁻ and •OH were identified as key active species in photocatalytic reactions. Based on the analysis of AFB₁ and OTA degradation intermediates and the prediction of degradation sites using density functional theory (DFT), degradation pathways for AFB₁ and OTA were proposed. Collectively, these findings suggest a highly promising practical approach for the detoxification of mycotoxins in grain commodities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"394 ","pages":"Article 144792"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}