Chemosphere最新文献_第4页

Sustainable membranes from industrial waste valorization for microbial electrochemical desalination systems 用于微生物电化学脱盐系统的工业废水可持续膜

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144808

Himanshi Sen , Monika Sogani , Sovik Das , Karishma Maheshwari

Freshwater scarcity and the environmental burden of reverse osmosis (RO) reject streams demand sustainable desalination alternatives. Microbial desalination cells (MDCs), integrated with bioelectrochemical processes, have emerged as eco-friendly platforms for simultaneous wastewater treatment, ion removal, and energy recovery. However, their reliance on costly, ion-exchange membranes limits scalability. This review critically examines low-cost waste-valorized membranes fabricated from agricultural residues, polymeric wastes, ceramics, and industrial byproducts as green substitutes for conventional membranes in MDCs. This review critically discusses the past progress of low-cost waste additives to multifunctional, biofunctionalized membranes with superior ion transport, antifouling, and self-cleaning capabilities. The major focus of the paper is on strategies such as graphene oxide doping, enzyme immobilization, and magnetic biochar integration that can enhance performance, conductivity, and fouling resistance, alongside reducing cost and carbon dioxide footprint. Based on the in-depth analysis, a comprehensive roadmap is proposed encompassing feedstock standardization, green fabrication, novel manufacturing techniques including digital process optimization, techno-economic analysis, integrated MDC-RO systems, and end-of-life recycling, aimed at enabling scalable, decentralized, and cost-effective desalination solutions. Further, the integration of waste-derived membranes into MDC-RO hybrids is presented as a viable pathway to increase water recovery, reduce fouling, and lower energy demand. This work underscores the potential of waste-valorized membranes as next-generation sustainable solutions for water-energy nexus challenges.

淡水短缺和反渗透（RO）的环境负担拒绝溪流需要可持续的海水淡化替代品。与生物电化学过程相结合的微生物海水淡化电池（MDCs）已成为同时处理废水、去除离子和回收能量的环保平台。然而，它们对昂贵的离子交换膜的依赖限制了可扩展性。本文综述了由农业残留物、聚合物废物、陶瓷和工业副产品制成的低成本废物增值膜作为MDCs中传统膜的绿色替代品。本文综述了低成本废物添加剂在多功能、生物功能化膜上的研究进展，这些膜具有优异的离子传输、防污和自清洁能力。该论文的主要重点是诸如氧化石墨烯掺杂、酶固定化和磁性生物炭整合等策略，这些策略可以提高性能、导电性和抗污垢性，同时降低成本和二氧化碳足迹。在深入分析的基础上，提出了一个全面的路线图，包括原料标准化、绿色制造、新型制造技术（包括数字过程优化）、技术经济分析、集成的MDC-RO系统和寿命结束回收，旨在实现可扩展、分散和具有成本效益的海水淡化解决方案。此外，将废物来源的膜整合到MDC-RO混合物中是提高水回收率、减少污染和降低能源需求的可行途径。这项工作强调了废物增值膜作为下一代可持续解决水-能源关系挑战的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Disruptions in microtubule and mitochondrial dynamics as indicators for assessing nano- and microparticle toxicity 微管和线粒体动力学的中断作为评估纳米和微粒毒性的指标

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144807

Hervé Hillaireau , Daniel Perdiz

Nano- and microparticles (NMPs) hold great promise for applications in medicine, industry, and agriculture, but concerns about their impact on human health persist due to their small size and unique properties. This study investigates the cytotoxic effects of three representative NMPs: titanium dioxide (TiO₂), polystyrene (Psty), and a chitosan-based biopolymer (CSFe). Two of these (TiO₂ and Psty) are known for potential toxicity, while CSFe is less studied. Here, we examined the impact of these particles on two critical regulators of cellular homeostasis: microtubules and mitochondria. Cell viability assays revealed that CSFe particles were the least harmful, whereas TiO₂ and Psty particles, particularly the larger (0.5 μm) ones, which were significantly toxic. Interestingly, 0.2 μm Psty particles caused less toxicity than both smaller (0.1 μm) and larger Psty, likely due to lower cellular uptake. Further investigation showed that only CSFe and 0.2 μm Psty particles induced microtubule hyperacetylation, a stress response associated with cell survival. TiO₂ damaged microtubule networks without inducing hyperacetylation but altered the distribution of the +TIP protein CLIP-170, indicating impaired microtubule function and more particularly in growth rate capacity. Mitochondrial analysis revealed that CSFe did not affect mitochondrial morphology, while Psty (0.1 and 0.5 μm) caused fragmentation, a sign of cellular stress. TiO₂ had a milder impact. Overall, the study highlights the importance of particle size and composition in determining cellular impact and underscores the relevance of microtubules and mitochondrial alterations as markers of NMP toxicity.

纳米和微粒子（nmp）在医学、工业和农业方面有着巨大的应用前景，但由于它们的小尺寸和独特的性质，人们一直担心它们对人类健康的影响。本研究探讨了三种具有代表性的NMPs：二氧化钛（TiO2）、聚苯乙烯（Psty）和壳聚糖基生物聚合物（CSFe）的细胞毒性作用。其中两种（TiO2和Psty）已知具有潜在毒性，而对CSFe的研究较少。在这里，我们研究了这些颗粒对细胞稳态的两个关键调节因子：微管和线粒体的影响。细胞活力测定结果表明，CSFe颗粒的毒性最小，而TiO2和Psty颗粒，特别是较大的（0.5 μm）颗粒的毒性显著。有趣的是，0.2 μm Psty颗粒的毒性比较小（0.1 μm）和较大的Psty颗粒都要小，这可能是由于细胞摄取较低。进一步的研究表明，只有CSFe和0.2 μm Psty颗粒诱导了微管超乙酰化，这是一种与细胞存活相关的应激反应。TiO2破坏了微管网络，但没有引起超乙酰化，但改变了+TIP蛋白CLIP-170的分布，表明微管功能受损，尤其是生长速率能力受损。线粒体分析显示，CSFe对线粒体形态没有影响，而Psty （0.1 μm和0.5 μm）导致线粒体碎裂，这是细胞应激的标志。TiO2的影响较小。总的来说，该研究强调了颗粒大小和组成在确定细胞影响方面的重要性，并强调了微管和线粒体改变作为NMP毒性标志物的相关性。

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引用次数: 0

From iron ore to environmental risk: Geochemical, mineralogical, and acid generation behavior of mining wastes from the abandoned ouixane site, Northeastern Morocco 从铁矿石到环境风险：摩洛哥东北部废弃ouixane场地采矿废物的地球化学、矿物学和产酸行为

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144809

Hanae Chat , Hanae Ouaddari , Rkia Zari , Farida Salmoun

The abandoned Ouixane iron ore mine in northeastern Morocco has generated a significant volume of mine wastes, which can generate contaminated water in the form of acid mine drainage (AMD) when sulfide minerals are present. This study evaluates the geochemical, mineralogical, and environmental characteristics of eleven representative samples (S1 to S11) collected from various zones of the site using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and static tests including acid-base accounting (ABA), net acid generation (NAG), and paste pH measurements. The results reveal high average concentrations of

{Fe}_{2} O_{3}

(mean 39.46 wt%) and

{SO}_{3}

(mean 17.71 wt%), along with mean elevated levels of

As

(1.09 g/kg),

Pb

(0.73 g/kg),

Zn

(0.96 g/kg), and

Cu

(1.02 g/kg). Mineralogical analysis confirmed the presence of reactive sulfide and sulfate phases. Most samples exhibit highly acidic pH values (<2) and negative net neutralization potentials (NNP) ranging from −1025.73 to +34.96 kg

{CaCO}_{3} / t

, with a mean of −263.54 kg

{CaCO}_{3} / t

, indicating a strong acid-generating potential. These findings highlight critical risks of acid generation and metal contamination at the Ouixane site, providing essential data for effective remediation strategies in Morocco.

摩洛哥东北部废弃的Ouixane铁矿产生了大量的矿山废物，当硫化物矿物存在时，这些废物会以酸性矿山废水（AMD）的形式产生污染水。本研究利用x射线荧光（XRF）、x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜能谱（SEM-EDS）和静态测试（包括酸碱计算（ABA）、净酸生成（NAG）和膏体pH测量）评估了从现场不同区域采集的11个代表性样品（S1至S11）的地球化学、矿物学和环境特征。结果显示，Fe2O3（平均39.46 wt%）和SO3（平均17.71 wt%）的平均浓度较高，As （1.09 g/kg）、Pb （0.73 g/kg）、Zn （0.96 g/kg）和Cu （1.02 g/kg）的平均水平也有所升高。矿物学分析证实了活性硫化物和硫酸盐相的存在。大多数样品具有强酸性pH值（<2）和负的净中和电位（NNP），范围为- 1025.73至+34.96 kg CaCO3/t，平均为- 263.54 kg CaCO3/t，表明具有强的产酸电位。这些发现突出了Ouixane遗址产生酸和金属污染的关键风险，为摩洛哥的有效补救战略提供了重要数据。

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引用次数: 0

The role of gamma-irradiated microplastics in terbuthylazine sorption and desorption processes in contaminated soils γ辐照微塑料在污染土壤中对特丁基嗪的吸附和解吸过程中的作用

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144818

Laura Bordignon , Maura Gabriela da Silva Brochado , Nicoli Gomes de Moraes , Fernanda Aparecida Nazário de Carvalho , Rodrigo Floriano Pimpinato , Renê Chagas da Silva , Kassio Ferreira Mendes

Microplastics (MPs) presence in agricultural soils has raised concerns regarding their interactions with herbicides. This study investigated how gamma-irradiated polyethylene MPs affect the sorption and desorption processes of the herbicide terbuthylazine (TBT) in contaminated soils. Soils were amended with 10 % (w w⁻¹) MPs irradiated at six gamma doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10 kGy) and treated with five TBT application rates (1.4, 2.8, 4.2, 5.6, and 7.0 kg a.i. ha⁻¹), in addition to a treatment without MPs (control; unamended soil). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the MPs before and after irradiation. SEM analyses showed that gamma irradiation progressively enhanced the surface roughness, cracking, and porosity of the MPs. FTIR results confirmed the parallel dose-dependence in carbonyl groups, with the carbonyl index increasing from 0.07 to 0.20 (0.0–10 kGy), demonstrating substantial oxidation of the polymer. Batch equilibrium assays were performed, and TBT concentrations were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sorption and desorption data fitted Linear and Freundlich isotherms, with sorption Linear (K_d) and Freundlich coefficients (K_f) ranging from 0.59 to 1.32 L kg⁻¹ and 0.43–1.51 mg^(1–1/n) L^1/n Kg⁻¹, respectively. All irradiation doses increased TBT sorption compared to unamended soil, with MPs exposed to 10 kGy enhancing retention by 13.68 % relative to the control soil and increasing K_d and K_f values. Conversely, desorption remained consistently low (∼5 %) across all treatments, indicating strong retention of TBT in the soil-MPs matrix. These findings highlight the impact of gamma-irradiated MPs on TBT's environmental dynamics, potentially reducing their bioavailability and effectiveness while increasing persistence in the environment.

微塑料（MPs）在农业土壤中的存在引起了人们对它们与除草剂相互作用的关注。研究了γ辐照聚乙烯MPs对污染土壤中除草剂特丁基嗪（TBT）吸附和解吸过程的影响。在6种γ剂量（0.0、0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0和10 kGy）下，用10% （w w−1）的多磺酸粘多糖（MPs）对土壤进行改良，并以5种TBT施用量（1.4、2.8、4.2、5.6和7.0 kg a.i. ha−1）处理土壤，此外还有一个不施用多磺酸粘多糖的处理（对照；未改良土壤）。利用扫描电镜（SEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对辐照前后的MPs进行了表征。扫描电镜分析表明，伽马辐照逐渐增强了MPs的表面粗糙度、裂纹和孔隙率。FTIR结果证实了羰基的平行剂量依赖性，羰基指数从0.07增加到0.20 (0.0-10 kGy)，表明聚合物发生了大量氧化。进行批量平衡分析，并使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）定量TBT浓度。吸附和解吸数据符合线性和Freundlich等温线，吸附线性（Kd）和Freundlich系数（Kf）分别为0.59 ~ 1.32 L kg - 1和0.43 ~ 1.51 mg(1 - 1/n) L1/n kg - 1。与未改性土壤相比，所有辐照剂量都增加了TBT的吸收，其中暴露于10 kGy的MPs相对于对照土壤增加了13.68%的滞留，并增加了Kd和Kf值。相反，在所有处理中，脱附率一直很低（约5%），表明TBT在土壤- mps基质中有很强的保留。这些发现强调了伽马辐照MPs对TBT环境动态的影响，可能降低其生物利用度和有效性，同时增加其在环境中的持久性。

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引用次数: 0

Waste-derived Au@Pd/activated biochar electrode for sensitive detection of 17α-ethinylestradiol in water 废物源Au@Pd/活化炭电极对水中17α-炔雌醇的灵敏检测

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144817

Yslaine Andrade de Almeida , Marcos Vinícius Quirino dos Santos , Honnara Santos Granja , Katlin Ivon Barrios Eguiluz , Eliana Midori Sussuchi , Giancarlo Richard Salazar-Banda , Iara de Fatima Gimenez

17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic estrogen widely used in pharmaceuticals, is a potent endocrine disruptor capable of causing adverse effects even at trace concentrations. To enable its sensitive determination, we developed a carbon paste electrode modified with activated biochar derived from green coconut mesocarp and functionalized with Au@Pd nanoparticles. The activated biochar presented a porous, high-surface area framework, while the bimetallic nanoparticles enhanced conductivity and electrocatalytic activity. The resulting sensor exhibited excellent linearity in the range of 0.05–5.0 μM (R² = 0.9993), achieving a detection limit of 2.53 nM and a quantification limit of 8.43 nM, nearly three orders of magnitude lower than those obtained by a reference chromatographic method (LOD: 5.14 μM, LOQ: 17.14 μM). Intra-day (RSD = 5.77 %) and inter-day (RSD = 8.14 %) reproducibility met accepted analytical criteria. Selectivity studies revealed significant interference only from 17β-estradiol and ascorbic acid, yielding relative errors of +165.38 % and +72.63 %, respectively. By contrast, urea, NaCl, and caffeine showed negligible effects (−10.38 % to +6.03 %), demonstrating the robustness of the sensor in biological and saline matrices. The applicability of the method was confirmed by quantifying EE2 in a commercial contraceptive (declared: 6.746 μM; found: 6.706 μM; recovery: 99.41 %) and in real and simulated matrices, including groundwater, tap water, synthetic urine, saline solution, and artificial breast milk. These results highlight the potential of this biochar-based nanocomposite electrode as a low-cost, sustainable, and efficient platform for decentralized monitoring of endocrine-disrupting contaminants.

α-炔雌醇（EE2）是一种广泛应用于制药领域的合成雌激素，是一种强效的内分泌干扰物，即使浓度极低也能引起不良反应。为了使其能够灵敏地测定，我们开发了一种碳糊电极，该电极用来自绿椰子中果皮的活性生物炭修饰，并用Au@Pd纳米颗粒功能化。活化后的生物炭呈现出多孔、高表面积的框架，而双金属纳米颗粒增强了导电性和电催化活性。该传感器在0.05 ~ 5.0 μM范围内具有良好的线性关系（R2 = 0.9993），检测限为2.53 nM，定量限为8.43 nM，比标准色谱法（LOD: 5.14 μM, LOQ: 17.14 μM）的检测限低近3个数量级。日内（RSD = 5.77%）和日间（RSD = 8.14%）重现性均符合可接受的分析标准。选择性研究显示，只有17β-雌二醇和抗坏血酸有显著干扰，相对误差分别为+ 165.38%和+ 72.63%。相比之下，尿素、NaCl和咖啡因的影响可以忽略不计（−10.38%至+ 6.03%），证明了传感器在生物和盐水基质中的鲁棒性。通过对一种商业避孕药具（声明值：6.746 μM；发现值：6.706 μM；回收率：99.41%）以及地下水、自来水、合成尿液、生理盐水、人工母乳等真实和模拟基质中的EE2进行定量分析，证实了该方法的适用性。这些结果突出了这种生物炭基纳米复合电极作为分散监测内分泌干扰污染物的低成本、可持续和高效平台的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

ROS-JAK/STAT-E-cadherin axis underlies cadmium induced premature differentiation of germline stem cells in Drosophila males ROS-JAK/STAT-E-cadherin轴是镉诱导雄性果蝇生殖系干细胞过早分化的基础。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144805

Abik Nandi , Snigdha Gupta

The interaction between stem cells and their niche is essential for sustaining stem cell identity, and in the Drosophila testis, this interaction is maintained by E-cadherin. Our earlier work demonstrated that cadmium (Cd), an environmental toxicant, disrupts germline stem cell (GSC) homeostasis in Drosophila males, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remained unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which Cd alters GSC homeostasis, using Drosophila testis as an in vivo model. Our findings show that Cd induced reactive oxygen species downregulate E-cadherin expression through modulation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway, resulting in disrupted GSC homeostasis, characterized by diminished stem cell pool and premature differentiation. Notably, overexpression of superoxide dismutase in early-stage of germ cells restored JAK/STAT signaling and E-cadherin levels. Additionally, early germ cells targeted E-cadherin overexpression with genetic background of stat92E knockdown showed significant recovery from aberrant GSC homeostasis under Cd exposure. Together, these results are consistent with a Cd mediated effect in which E-cadherin stands as a pivotal factor in maintaining GSC homeostasis. This study highlights the utility of Drosophila as an alternative model to investigate the role of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in stem cell regulation under chemical stress and further extended understanding about mechanistic insights mediating Cd toxicity in Drosophila.

干细胞与其生态位之间的相互作用对于维持干细胞的身份至关重要，在果蝇睾丸中，这种相互作用由e -钙粘蛋白维持。我们早期的工作表明，镉（Cd），一种环境毒物，破坏生殖系干细胞（GSC）在雄性果蝇体内的稳态，尽管潜在的分子机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们旨在阐明Cd改变GSC稳态的机制，以果蝇睾丸为体内模型。我们的研究结果表明，Cd诱导的活性氧通过调控JAK/STAT信号通路下调E-cadherin的表达，导致GSC稳态被破坏，其特征是干细胞池减少和过早分化。值得注意的是，在早期生殖细胞中过表达超氧化物歧化酶可以恢复JAK/STAT信号和E-cadherin水平。此外，具有stat92E基因敲低背景的早期生殖细胞靶向E-cadherin过表达显示出Cd暴露下GSC异常稳态的显著恢复。总之，这些结果与Cd介导的效应一致，其中e -钙粘蛋白是维持GSC稳态的关键因素。该研究强调了果蝇作为研究细胞粘附分子（CAMs）在化学胁迫下干细胞调控中的作用的替代模型的实用性，并进一步扩展了对果蝇介导Cd毒性的机制见解。

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引用次数: 0

Drastic changes in carbon monoxide pollution in rural India (2000–2019) and its CMIP6 model future (2015–2100) projections 印度农村一氧化碳污染的剧烈变化（2000-2019）及其CMIP6模型未来（2015-2100）预测。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144814

Mansi Pathak, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath

Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a reactive gas that plays a crucial role in the atmospheric carbon cycle. It has significant implications for human health, manifesting in both short and long-term effects such as fatigue, headaches, nausea and confusion, as well as impacts on ecosystems and climate. Here, we investigate the long-term changes in CO levels, utilising data from ground-based, satellite, reanalysis, emission inventory and climate model projections for the period 2000–2019, in rural India. This investigation reveals that rural regions of Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), North East India (NEI) and Central India (CI) exhibit elevated CO levels ranging from 150 to 400 ppbv. The highest levels are observed during the months followed by agricultural waste burning (AWB) in January–March in rural IGP (200 ppbv) and NEI (275 ppbv), but the rural Hilly Regions (HR) maintain the lowest CO concentrations in India throughout the year. We find a reversal in CO trend from 2006 onwards, with a significant decrease of −1.25 ppbv/yr throughout rural India in 2006–2019. This decline in CO, despite the rise in emissions from all sources, except road transport, reveals its role in regulating the CO pollution. The engagement and enforcement of proper regulations (e.g. implementation of stringent Bharat Stage standards) also might have contributed to this reduction. Future projections across all Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) scenarios, with the exception of SSP3-7.0, indicate a substantial decrease in CO pollution in rural India by the end of 21st century. The decrease in CO levels in rural India signifies improvement in air quality resulting from government initiatives, including the Bharat Stage regulations, Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana and the promotion of agricultural mechanisation for in-situ management of crop residue. This study, therefore, reiterates the significance of policies and their prompt execution in regulating CO pollution to enhance air quality and safeguard public health and environment.

一氧化碳（CO）是一种活性气体，在大气碳循环中起着至关重要的作用。它对人类健康有重大影响，表现为短期和长期影响，如疲劳、头痛、恶心和精神错乱，以及对生态系统和气候的影响。本文利用2000-2019年期间印度农村地区的地面、卫星、再分析、排放清单和气候模型预测数据，研究了CO水平的长期变化。这项调查显示，印度-恒河平原（IGP）、印度东北部（NEI）和印度中部（CI）的农村地区CO水平升高，范围从150到400 ppbv。在1 - 3月农业废弃物焚烧（AWB）之后的几个月里，农村IGP （200 ppbv）和NEI （275 ppbv）的CO浓度最高，但农村丘陵地区（HR）全年保持印度最低的CO浓度。我们发现，自2006年以来，CO趋势发生了逆转，2006-2019年，整个印度农村的CO显著下降了-1.25 ppbv/年。尽管除公路运输外的所有来源的排放量都在增加，但CO的下降显示了其在调节CO污染方面的作用。适当法规的参与和执行（例如严格的巴拉特阶段标准的实施）也可能有助于减少这种情况。除SSP3-7.0情景外，所有共享社会经济路径（SSP）情景的未来预测表明，到21世纪末，印度农村的CO污染将大幅减少。印度农村CO水平的下降意味着空气质量的改善，这是政府举措的结果，包括巴拉特阶段条例、Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana和促进农业机械化以就地管理作物残留物。因此，这项研究重申，管制一氧化碳污染，以改善空气质素，保障公众健康和环境，必须尽快执行相关政策。

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引用次数: 0

Temporal dynamics and seasonal variation of organochlorine pesticides in harvested rainwater: Implications for urban water quality management in Lagos, Nigeria 收集雨水中有机氯农药的时间动态和季节变化：对尼日利亚拉各斯城市水质管理的启示。

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144795

Ilemobayo Ifedayo Oguntimehin , Thompson Faraday Ediagbonya , Adejoke Dorcas Adejugbagbe

This study investigates the temporal dynamics and seasonal variation of 18 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in harvested rainwater across Lagos, Nigeria, from April to August 2024, to assess their sources, environmental drivers and associated human health risks. Monthly samples were collected from five representative rooftop catchments during the peak rainy season, and OCPs were extracted through liquid-liquid extraction and quantified using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Statistical techniques including ANOVA, correlation analysis, diagnostic ratio evaluation and human health risk assessment were applied. Significant temporal fluctuations were observed, with peak concentrations for several OCPs including endosulfan I, dieldrin, heptachlor epoxide and BHC isomers occurring in April and May. Strong correlations between α-BHC, β-BHC, heptachlor and electrical conductivity indicated notable anthropogenic inputs. Human health risk assessment revealed hazard quotient values above 1 for dieldrin and heptachlor epoxide, signalling potential non-cancer risks, while cancer risk values for these compounds fell within ranges of concern. These findings underscore the influence of seasonal rainfall patterns and urbanization on OCP mobilization and highlight serious public health implications for populations reliant on untreated harvested rainwater, emphasizing the urgent need for regulatory enforcement, public awareness and improved water treatment strategies in Lagos and similar megacities.

本研究调查了2024年4月至8月尼日利亚拉各斯收集的雨水中18种有机氯农药（ocp）的时间动态和季节变化，以评估其来源、环境驱动因素和相关的人类健康风险。在雨季高峰期，每月从五个具有代表性的屋顶集水区采集样本，通过液液萃取提取ocp，并使用气相色谱-电子捕获检测进行定量。统计方法包括方差分析、相关分析、诊断率评价和人类健康风险评价。观察到明显的时间波动，几种ocp的峰值浓度出现在4月和5月，包括硫丹I、狄氏剂、环氧七氯和六六六异构体。α-六丁二烯、β-六丁二烯、七氯与电导率之间存在较强的相关性，表明存在显著的人为输入。人类健康风险评估显示，狄氏剂和环氧七氯的危害商值高于1，表明潜在的非癌症风险，而这些化合物的癌症风险值则在令人关注的范围内。这些调查结果强调了季节性降雨模式和城市化对OCP动员的影响，并强调了对依赖未经处理的收集雨水的人口的严重公共卫生影响，强调了迫切需要在拉各斯和类似的特大城市加强执法、提高公众意识和改进水处理战略。

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引用次数: 0

Rare earth element abundances and gadolinium contamination in tap water worldwide 全球自来水中稀土元素丰度与钆污染

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144812

Jean-Alix Barrat , Germain Bayon , Raphaël Tripier , Marie-Laure Rouget , Yoan Germain , Douraied Ben Salem

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and have emerged as persistent contaminants in surface and drinking water since the 1990s. We present a method based on the coprecipitation of rare earth elements (REEs) with iron hydroxides to estimate the amount of macrocyclic GBCAs in water, and apply it here for the first time to investigate the degree of Gd contamination in tap water worldwide. Our results indicate that Gd contamination is widespread in drinking water distribution systems. Tap water in big European cities such as Berlin, Amsterdam, Paris, and Lyon is more contaminated in Gd than tap water from Asian (Beijing, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Shanghai, Seoul, Tokyo) or American megacities (Los Angeles, New York, and Rio de Janeiro). Furthermore, our data suggest that drinking water treatment processes degrade Gd complexes to varying extent, which can increase the bioavailability of free Gd ions.

钆基造影剂（gbca）广泛应用于磁共振成像（MRI），自20世纪90年代以来，它已成为地表水和饮用水中的持久性污染物。本文提出了一种基于稀土元素（ree）与铁氢氧化物共沉淀的方法来估计水中大环gbca的数量，并首次将其应用于世界范围内自来水中Gd污染程度的研究。我们的研究结果表明，Gd污染在饮用水分配系统中普遍存在。柏林、阿姆斯特丹、巴黎、里昂等欧洲大城市的自来水比亚洲（北京、广州、武汉、上海、首尔、东京）或美国大城市（洛杉矶、纽约、里约热内卢）的自来水污染更严重。此外，我们的数据表明，饮用水处理过程在不同程度上降解了Gd复合物，这可以提高游离Gd离子的生物利用度。

引用次数: 0

A national-scale preliminary overview study of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) occurrence in aquatic environments of England, UK 英国英格兰水生环境中多氟和全氟烷基物质（PFAS）发生的全国性初步综述研究

IF 8.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Chemosphere

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144804

R.J. Patel , D.C. Gooddy , B. Marchant , D.J. Lapworth , A. James , M. Cook , K. Darby , T. Besien

Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are emerging contaminants, where some are known to harm ecological and human health. Due to their widespread use, PFAS have become commonly detected in aquatic environments, which serve both as pathways and as reservoirs for these pollutants. This study provides the first full quantitative national overview of 41 PFAS compounds in English waterbodies (surface water, groundwater, coastal, and estuarine; n = 850), using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ). Individual PFAS concentrations at 475 sites ranged from 0.0052 to 480 ng/L while ΣPFAS concentrations per site ranged from 0.024 to 2021 ng/L. Monitoring detected the highest concentrations near large distinct urban areas, though PFAS were also present in rural and undeveloped regions, highlighting the importance of detections across different land use. PFOA was one of the most frequently detected PFAS across all waterbodies, consistent with other studies. No clear correlations were found between PFAS physiochemical properties (chain length and functional group) and concentrations, this may be due to the sampling approach focused which focused on an assessment of background concentrations, rather than point-source, pollution. However, shorter chain PFAS compounds dominated detections in surface waters compared to groundwater. Physical properties and PFAS exposure in waterbodies may play a large role in PFAS detections, as higher concentrations were found in surface water relative to groundwater. Future research should explore PFAS trends over time, consider groundwater sampling depths, examine a broader range of land uses, and assess transboundary PFAS transport to better understand PFAS flux in aquatic systems.

全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是新兴污染物，其中一些已知会危害生态和人类健康。由于它们的广泛使用，PFAS已经在水生环境中被普遍检测到，它们既是这些污染物的途径，也是这些污染物的储存库。本研究首次使用高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱（HPLC-QQQ）对英国水体（地表水、地下水、海岸和河口；n = 850）中的41种PFAS化合物进行了全面的全国定量概述。475个位点的单个PFAS浓度范围为0.0052至480 ng/L，而ΣPFAS每个位点的浓度范围为0.024至2021 ng/L。监测发现，在大型独特的城市地区附近，PFAS的浓度最高，尽管农村和不发达地区也存在PFAS，这突出了在不同土地利用中进行检测的重要性。与其他研究结果一致，全氟辛烷磺酸是所有水体中最常检测到的全氟辛烷磺酸之一。在PFAS的理化性质（链长和官能团）和浓度之间没有发现明确的相关性，这可能是由于采样方法侧重于评估背景浓度，而不是点源污染。然而，与地下水相比，短链PFAS化合物在地表水中占主导地位。水体中的物理性质和PFAS暴露可能在PFAS检测中发挥重要作用，因为地表水中PFAS的浓度高于地下水。未来的研究应探索PFAS随时间的趋势，考虑地下水采样深度，检查更广泛的土地利用，并评估跨界PFAS运输，以更好地了解PFAS在水生系统中的通量。

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