Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145278
A. Demichelis, C. Divieto, L. Mortati, M. Sassi, G. Sassi
Lipids and lipoproteins concentration in human plasma are directly correlated to the risk of C cardiovascular diseases. Enumeration of certain classes of lipoproteins by their size, e.g. mean and modal diameter, wants to be developed in alternative of the traditionally used method based of their density. Traceable size measurement of certified nanospheres were performed by AFM, obtaining resolution better than 1 nm; size measurement of spheres organized in line allowed to improve accuracy of the mean diameter measured, single entity measurement allowed to design the size distribution experiment. VLDL lipotroteins were imaged to perform size distribution measurement. A preliminary list of main uncsize distribution given.
{"title":"Study on the use of AFM to make traceable measurements of lipoproteins size distribution","authors":"A. Demichelis, C. Divieto, L. Mortati, M. Sassi, G. Sassi","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145278","url":null,"abstract":"Lipids and lipoproteins concentration in human plasma are directly correlated to the risk of C cardiovascular diseases. Enumeration of certain classes of lipoproteins by their size, e.g. mean and modal diameter, wants to be developed in alternative of the traditionally used method based of their density. Traceable size measurement of certified nanospheres were performed by AFM, obtaining resolution better than 1 nm; size measurement of spheres organized in line allowed to improve accuracy of the mean diameter measured, single entity measurement allowed to design the size distribution experiment. VLDL lipotroteins were imaged to perform size distribution measurement. A preliminary list of main uncsize distribution given.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115180266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145248
D. Marioli, E. Sardini, M. Serpelloni
This paper describes an energy harvesting system (EHS) composed of an electromechanical generator (EMG) and a dedicated energy management circuit integrable in a human total knee prosthesis, in which the mechanical energy from the knee joint is converted into electrical energy. Since the energy supplied by the proposed EMG is discontinuous in time, a tailored energy management circuit is necessary to adapt the harvested energy to the load energy requirements. The electromechanical generator is composed by two series of NdFeB magnets positioned into each condyle and a coil, placed in the pin of the tibial insert, which collects the magnetic flux variations, generated by the knee movements. A total knee replacement (TKR) prototype has been developed and realized in order to reproduce the knee mechanics. Therefore, electrical performances have been evaluated, at the first, measuring the EMG open circuit voltage by means of a high impedance buffer amplifier, and, subsequently, connecting the EMG to the energy management circuit able to manage the produced energy and to power an implanted circuit for force measurement inside the human knee. The tests showed that the EHS is able to supply the measuring circuit guaranteeing a tension between 2.45 V and 2.15 V for 25 ms almost every 1.5 s with a walking velocity of 1 Hz. The tests successfully demonstrate the possibility to power a measurement circuit transmitting the measurement data outside the prosthesis every about one-step and half.
{"title":"Power harvesting integrated in a knee implant for autonomous sensors implanted in human body","authors":"D. Marioli, E. Sardini, M. Serpelloni","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145248","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an energy harvesting system (EHS) composed of an electromechanical generator (EMG) and a dedicated energy management circuit integrable in a human total knee prosthesis, in which the mechanical energy from the knee joint is converted into electrical energy. Since the energy supplied by the proposed EMG is discontinuous in time, a tailored energy management circuit is necessary to adapt the harvested energy to the load energy requirements. The electromechanical generator is composed by two series of NdFeB magnets positioned into each condyle and a coil, placed in the pin of the tibial insert, which collects the magnetic flux variations, generated by the knee movements. A total knee replacement (TKR) prototype has been developed and realized in order to reproduce the knee mechanics. Therefore, electrical performances have been evaluated, at the first, measuring the EMG open circuit voltage by means of a high impedance buffer amplifier, and, subsequently, connecting the EMG to the energy management circuit able to manage the produced energy and to power an implanted circuit for force measurement inside the human knee. The tests showed that the EHS is able to supply the measuring circuit guaranteeing a tension between 2.45 V and 2.15 V for 25 ms almost every 1.5 s with a walking velocity of 1 Hz. The tests successfully demonstrate the possibility to power a measurement circuit transmitting the measurement data outside the prosthesis every about one-step and half.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115360742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145276
S. Casaccia, L. Scalise, L. Casacanditella, E. P. Tomasini, J. Rohrbaugh
Electromyography (EMG) is the gold-standard technique used for the evaluation of muscle activity and contraction. The EMG signal supports analysis of a number of important parameters including amplitude and duration, engagement of motor units, and functional characteristics associated with factors such a force production and fatigue. Recently, a novel measurement method (Laser Doppler Myography, LDM) for the non-contact assessment of muscle activity has been proposed to measure the vibro-mechanical behavior of the muscles that conventionally is referred to as the mechanomyogram (MMG). The fact that contracting skeletal muscles produce vibrations and sounds has been known for more than three centuries. The aim of this study is to report on the LDM technique and to evaluate its capacity to measure without contact some characteristics properties of skeletal muscle contractions. This is accomplished with the very high vibration sensitivity inherent in the Laser Doppler Vibrometry method (in comparison to commonly used devices such as microphones, piezo electric pressure sensors, and accelerometers). Data measured by LDM are compared with signals measured using standard surface EMG (sEMG) which requires the use of skin electrodes. sEMG and LDM signals are simultaneously acquired and processed. The LDM and sEMG signals are compared with respect to the critical features of muscle activation timing, signal amplitude and force production. LDM appears to be a reliable and promising technique that allows measurement without the need for contact with the patient skin. LDM has additional potential advantages in terms of sensor properties, insofar as there are no significant issues relating to bandwidth or sensor resonance, and no mass loading is applied to the skin.
{"title":"Non-contact assessment of muscle contraction: Laser Doppler Myography","authors":"S. Casaccia, L. Scalise, L. Casacanditella, E. P. Tomasini, J. Rohrbaugh","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145276","url":null,"abstract":"Electromyography (EMG) is the gold-standard technique used for the evaluation of muscle activity and contraction. The EMG signal supports analysis of a number of important parameters including amplitude and duration, engagement of motor units, and functional characteristics associated with factors such a force production and fatigue. Recently, a novel measurement method (Laser Doppler Myography, LDM) for the non-contact assessment of muscle activity has been proposed to measure the vibro-mechanical behavior of the muscles that conventionally is referred to as the mechanomyogram (MMG). The fact that contracting skeletal muscles produce vibrations and sounds has been known for more than three centuries. The aim of this study is to report on the LDM technique and to evaluate its capacity to measure without contact some characteristics properties of skeletal muscle contractions. This is accomplished with the very high vibration sensitivity inherent in the Laser Doppler Vibrometry method (in comparison to commonly used devices such as microphones, piezo electric pressure sensors, and accelerometers). Data measured by LDM are compared with signals measured using standard surface EMG (sEMG) which requires the use of skin electrodes. sEMG and LDM signals are simultaneously acquired and processed. The LDM and sEMG signals are compared with respect to the critical features of muscle activation timing, signal amplitude and force production. LDM appears to be a reliable and promising technique that allows measurement without the need for contact with the patient skin. LDM has additional potential advantages in terms of sensor properties, insofar as there are no significant issues relating to bandwidth or sensor resonance, and no mass loading is applied to the skin.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"248 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117141554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145201
C. Patsakis, Achilleas Papageorgiou, F. Falcone, A. Solanas
The unprecedented global shift towards cities is drastically changing the urban environment. With the aim to mitigate the problems that these changes may introduce , cities are gradually being transformed into the so-called “Smart Cities”. This transformation involves the deployment of numerous sensors and communication infrastructures that are used to provide better management and resource allocation. Recently, the concept of smart health (s-health) was proposed in order to bridge healthcare services with Smart Cities' infrastructures and offer novel services to the cities and their citizens. In this article we propose a new s-Health embodiment for emergency response systems in urban and sub-urban environments.
{"title":"s-health as a driver towards better emergency response systems in urban environments","authors":"C. Patsakis, Achilleas Papageorgiou, F. Falcone, A. Solanas","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145201","url":null,"abstract":"The unprecedented global shift towards cities is drastically changing the urban environment. With the aim to mitigate the problems that these changes may introduce , cities are gradually being transformed into the so-called “Smart Cities”. This transformation involves the deployment of numerous sensors and communication infrastructures that are used to provide better management and resource allocation. Recently, the concept of smart health (s-health) was proposed in order to bridge healthcare services with Smart Cities' infrastructures and offer novel services to the cities and their citizens. In this article we propose a new s-Health embodiment for emergency response systems in urban and sub-urban environments.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123882979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145179
E. Schena, P. Saccomandi, C. Massaroni, V. Quattrocchi, G. Frauenfelder, F. Giurazza, S. Silvestri, M. Caponero, A. Polimadei
Monitoring of local temperature in tissue undergoing Laser Ablation (LA) could be particularly beneficial to optimize treatment outcomes. A number of both invasive and non-invasive thermometric techniques may be employed to perform this task. Among others, Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors show the following valuable characteristics for temperature monitoring during LA: good sensitivity and accuracy, and immunity from electromagnetic interferences. The main drawbacks are their intrinsic invasiveness and the sensitivity to strain, which can entail measurement error for respiratory and patient movements. The aim of this work is to experimental assess the characteristics of an FBG sensor, housed within a metallic needle, employed in temperature monitoring of tissue undergoing LA. The use of a metallic needle allows neglecting errors due to patient movements, but induces an increase in sensor response time and a temperature overestimation due to direct absorption of laser light by the needle. The proposed sensor is tested during LA of ex vivo swine livers, and the tissue temperature measured by the FBG housed within the needle is compared to the temperature measured by an FBG without needle. This comparison showed that the needle induces a temperature overestimation, strongly dependent on the distance between sensor and laser applicator (e.g., about 2 °C at 6 mm, 4.4 °C at 4 mm). Furthermore, the needle causes an increase of response time (about 140 ms vs 40 ms). Since this response time is sufficient for the particular application and the overestimation can be reduced by using different techniques of data processing, the use of a needle to protect FBG seems to be a feasible solution to overcome the concern related to patient movements.
{"title":"Temperature monitoring during Laser Ablation by FBG sensors encapsulated within a metallic needle: Experiments on healthy swine tissue","authors":"E. Schena, P. Saccomandi, C. Massaroni, V. Quattrocchi, G. Frauenfelder, F. Giurazza, S. Silvestri, M. Caponero, A. Polimadei","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145179","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring of local temperature in tissue undergoing Laser Ablation (LA) could be particularly beneficial to optimize treatment outcomes. A number of both invasive and non-invasive thermometric techniques may be employed to perform this task. Among others, Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors show the following valuable characteristics for temperature monitoring during LA: good sensitivity and accuracy, and immunity from electromagnetic interferences. The main drawbacks are their intrinsic invasiveness and the sensitivity to strain, which can entail measurement error for respiratory and patient movements. The aim of this work is to experimental assess the characteristics of an FBG sensor, housed within a metallic needle, employed in temperature monitoring of tissue undergoing LA. The use of a metallic needle allows neglecting errors due to patient movements, but induces an increase in sensor response time and a temperature overestimation due to direct absorption of laser light by the needle. The proposed sensor is tested during LA of ex vivo swine livers, and the tissue temperature measured by the FBG housed within the needle is compared to the temperature measured by an FBG without needle. This comparison showed that the needle induces a temperature overestimation, strongly dependent on the distance between sensor and laser applicator (e.g., about 2 °C at 6 mm, 4.4 °C at 4 mm). Furthermore, the needle causes an increase of response time (about 140 ms vs 40 ms). Since this response time is sufficient for the particular application and the overestimation can be reduced by using different techniques of data processing, the use of a needle to protect FBG seems to be a feasible solution to overcome the concern related to patient movements.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"134 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125803440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145234
R. B. Wallace, Michael Rockwood, R. Goubran, F. Knoefel, S. Marshall, M. Porter
This paper demonstrates the validity of vehicle acceleration/deceleration signals derived from 1Hz sampled GPS position and OBDII velocity sensors through comparison to 40Hz sampled accelerometer measurements. Measurement of driver acceleration and deceleration is important because it is a key measure of driving habits. Ideally, these measurements should not require the cost and complexity of installing dedicated accelerometers for long term studies when alternatives are available. The OBDII interface is built-in and GPS sensors can be easily deployed and both are shown to allow derivation of alternative acceleration signals. The results show a maximum average correlation of 0.810 between the GPS and the accelerometers and 0.808 between the OBDII and the accelerometer. This paper analyzes the effects of noise on each of the derivative difference equations and shows that the Central 2-point formula provides the best noise performance whereas the Central 4-point formula (correlation 0.801) would be expected to provide the best performance in a noise free signal. Forward/Backward 3-point are predicted to have similar performance to Central 2-point in noise free signals but are shown to have poor performance (correlation of 0.667 and 0.687 respectively) in the presence of noise.
{"title":"Measurement of vehicle acceleration in studies of older drivers from GPS position and OBDII velocity sensors","authors":"R. B. Wallace, Michael Rockwood, R. Goubran, F. Knoefel, S. Marshall, M. Porter","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145234","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates the validity of vehicle acceleration/deceleration signals derived from 1Hz sampled GPS position and OBDII velocity sensors through comparison to 40Hz sampled accelerometer measurements. Measurement of driver acceleration and deceleration is important because it is a key measure of driving habits. Ideally, these measurements should not require the cost and complexity of installing dedicated accelerometers for long term studies when alternatives are available. The OBDII interface is built-in and GPS sensors can be easily deployed and both are shown to allow derivation of alternative acceleration signals. The results show a maximum average correlation of 0.810 between the GPS and the accelerometers and 0.808 between the OBDII and the accelerometer. This paper analyzes the effects of noise on each of the derivative difference equations and shows that the Central 2-point formula provides the best noise performance whereas the Central 4-point formula (correlation 0.801) would be expected to provide the best performance in a noise free signal. Forward/Backward 3-point are predicted to have similar performance to Central 2-point in noise free signals but are shown to have poor performance (correlation of 0.667 and 0.687 respectively) in the presence of noise.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130917591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145184
G. Durando, C. Guglielmone, R. Canaparo, L. Serpe
The corner stone of cancer management is by far chemotherapy, unfortunately toxicity and undesired side-effects of these antineoplastic approach often limit its usefulness. Recently it has been found that certain dye compounds non cytopathogenic per sé, in particular porphyrins, can achieve a cytopathogenic effect when the neoplastic site is subjected to ultrasounds irradiation, this technique is referred to as sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Despite the promising results, the poor reproducibility of the treatment, due to the poor investigation between the ultrasounds field parameters and the SDT activity, hampered the development of robust treatment protocol. Therefore the aim of this work has been the characterization of high intensity ultrasound fields needed to reach the SDT activity. First, by an ultrasound generator system, an in vitro sonodynamic treatment has been performed on HT-29 cell line, previously pre-incubated with 50 μg/mL of aminilevulinic acid, therefore a complete characterization of the ultrasound field in measurement conditions has been carried out. An ONDA type AIMS III scanning tank system with needle hydrophone ONDA type has been used and the real energy that hit the cellular culture in the burette has been evaluated. During insonation process the energy supplied to the cells has been about 5 10-6 J introducing, for the first time in the sonodynamic field, a clear parameter of energy supplied to the cells.
{"title":"Acoustic characterization of ultrasound fields able to induce sonodynamic activity in an in vitro cancer model","authors":"G. Durando, C. Guglielmone, R. Canaparo, L. Serpe","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145184","url":null,"abstract":"The corner stone of cancer management is by far chemotherapy, unfortunately toxicity and undesired side-effects of these antineoplastic approach often limit its usefulness. Recently it has been found that certain dye compounds non cytopathogenic per sé, in particular porphyrins, can achieve a cytopathogenic effect when the neoplastic site is subjected to ultrasounds irradiation, this technique is referred to as sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Despite the promising results, the poor reproducibility of the treatment, due to the poor investigation between the ultrasounds field parameters and the SDT activity, hampered the development of robust treatment protocol. Therefore the aim of this work has been the characterization of high intensity ultrasound fields needed to reach the SDT activity. First, by an ultrasound generator system, an in vitro sonodynamic treatment has been performed on HT-29 cell line, previously pre-incubated with 50 μg/mL of aminilevulinic acid, therefore a complete characterization of the ultrasound field in measurement conditions has been carried out. An ONDA type AIMS III scanning tank system with needle hydrophone ONDA type has been used and the real energy that hit the cellular culture in the burette has been evaluated. During insonation process the energy supplied to the cells has been about 5 10-6 J introducing, for the first time in the sonodynamic field, a clear parameter of energy supplied to the cells.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128868174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145233
E. Piuzzi, A. Capuano, S. Pisa, P. Cappa, F. Patané, S. Rossi, N. Giaquinto, G. M. D'Aucelli
This paper presents an impedance plethysmography system suitable to perform a continuous monitoring of human breath activity. The problem of motion artifact is mitigated through the use of a correction technique exploiting an additional inertial sensor able to detect movements of the arms of the subject under test. The correction algorithm is based on a simple correlation technique and only requires a very brief training at the beginning of the acquisition session, with the monitored subject performing random movements in apnea condition. Application of the proposed system to a healthy adult volunteer demonstrates the potentiality of the correction algorithm, which, thanks to its extreme simplicity and low computational cost, is a suitable candidate for implementation in a low-cost and portable monitoring system.
{"title":"Impedance plethysmography system with inertial measurement units for motion artefact reduction: Application to continuous breath activity monitoring","authors":"E. Piuzzi, A. Capuano, S. Pisa, P. Cappa, F. Patané, S. Rossi, N. Giaquinto, G. M. D'Aucelli","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145233","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an impedance plethysmography system suitable to perform a continuous monitoring of human breath activity. The problem of motion artifact is mitigated through the use of a correction technique exploiting an additional inertial sensor able to detect movements of the arms of the subject under test. The correction algorithm is based on a simple correlation technique and only requires a very brief training at the beginning of the acquisition session, with the monitored subject performing random movements in apnea condition. Application of the proposed system to a healthy adult volunteer demonstrates the potentiality of the correction algorithm, which, thanks to its extreme simplicity and low computational cost, is a suitable candidate for implementation in a low-cost and portable monitoring system.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"388 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121781181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145200
O. Postolache, J. Pereira, V. Viegas, P. Girão
Human gait is a complex motion that implies the movement of different parts of the body such as arms, legs and feet, being the functional human movements' analysis indispensable for bio-mechanical diagnostic and treatment tool for clinics and rehabilitation services. During the rehabilitation process, walkers are frequently prescribed to improve the patient's stability but can also be transformed into instruments for quantitative evaluation of rehabilitation progress by embedding sensors to capture the motion characteristics. In this work, a practical approach concerning the possibilities to use microwave Doppler radars embedded in four wheels walkers for gait capture is presented. The signals acquired from the sensors are processed using time-frequency transform such as STFT. A set of gait characteristics, such as gait velocity and stride rate, are extracted based on wavelet signal processing, STFT spectrogram and moving average filtering. A set of spectrogram features is calculated to discriminate between normal and abnormal gait.
{"title":"Gait rehabilitation assessment based on microwave Doppler radars embedded in walkers","authors":"O. Postolache, J. Pereira, V. Viegas, P. Girão","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145200","url":null,"abstract":"Human gait is a complex motion that implies the movement of different parts of the body such as arms, legs and feet, being the functional human movements' analysis indispensable for bio-mechanical diagnostic and treatment tool for clinics and rehabilitation services. During the rehabilitation process, walkers are frequently prescribed to improve the patient's stability but can also be transformed into instruments for quantitative evaluation of rehabilitation progress by embedding sensors to capture the motion characteristics. In this work, a practical approach concerning the possibilities to use microwave Doppler radars embedded in four wheels walkers for gait capture is presented. The signals acquired from the sensors are processed using time-frequency transform such as STFT. A set of gait characteristics, such as gait velocity and stride rate, are extracted based on wavelet signal processing, STFT spectrogram and moving average filtering. A set of spectrogram features is calculated to discriminate between normal and abnormal gait.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"143 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120896020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-07DOI: 10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145208
S. Casciaro, F. Conversano, P. Pisani, A. Greco, A. Lay-Ekuakille, M. Muratore
Aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of a recently introduced ultrasound (US) method for osteoporosis diagnosis, when extensively used in a clinical context to investigate adult women of variable age. A total of 384 female patients (46-65 years; body mass index <; 25 kg/m2) underwent a spinal dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and an abdominal US scan of lumbar spine, acquiring both echographic images and unprocessed radiofrequency signals. US data were analyzed through a new fully automatic algorithm, which performed a series of spectral and statistical analyses to calculate the parameter called Osteoporosis Score (O.S.). Diagnostic effectiveness of O.S. was assessed through a direct comparison with DXA measurements (assumed as the gold standard reference), quantifying the agreement between the two methods through accuracy calculation, Cohen's kappa (k) and Pearson correlation coefficient (r). The overall accuracy of O.S.-based diagnoses resulted 84.6%, ranging from a minimum of 81.7% for the oldest patients (aged in 61-65 y) to a maximum of 87.2% for the youngest patients (aged in 46-50 y). Cohen's kappa showed an analogous trend, confirming a significant agreement between DXA and US-based diagnoses along the whole considered age interval (k=0.758, p<;0.0001). A good correlation was also found between O.S.-derived BMD values and corresponding DXA measurements (r=0.72, p<;0.001). These results demonstrated that US-measured O.S. is significantly correlated with spinal BMD in normal- and under-weight adult women belonging to a wide age interval. Therefore, the routine clinical application of this innovative approach to osteoporosis diagnosis can be envisioned.
{"title":"A new ultrasound parameter for osteoporosis diagnosis: Clinical validation on normal- and under-weight women","authors":"S. Casciaro, F. Conversano, P. Pisani, A. Greco, A. Lay-Ekuakille, M. Muratore","doi":"10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MeMeA.2015.7145208","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of a recently introduced ultrasound (US) method for osteoporosis diagnosis, when extensively used in a clinical context to investigate adult women of variable age. A total of 384 female patients (46-65 years; body mass index <; 25 kg/m2) underwent a spinal dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and an abdominal US scan of lumbar spine, acquiring both echographic images and unprocessed radiofrequency signals. US data were analyzed through a new fully automatic algorithm, which performed a series of spectral and statistical analyses to calculate the parameter called Osteoporosis Score (O.S.). Diagnostic effectiveness of O.S. was assessed through a direct comparison with DXA measurements (assumed as the gold standard reference), quantifying the agreement between the two methods through accuracy calculation, Cohen's kappa (k) and Pearson correlation coefficient (r). The overall accuracy of O.S.-based diagnoses resulted 84.6%, ranging from a minimum of 81.7% for the oldest patients (aged in 61-65 y) to a maximum of 87.2% for the youngest patients (aged in 46-50 y). Cohen's kappa showed an analogous trend, confirming a significant agreement between DXA and US-based diagnoses along the whole considered age interval (k=0.758, p<;0.0001). A good correlation was also found between O.S.-derived BMD values and corresponding DXA measurements (r=0.72, p<;0.001). These results demonstrated that US-measured O.S. is significantly correlated with spinal BMD in normal- and under-weight adult women belonging to a wide age interval. Therefore, the routine clinical application of this innovative approach to osteoporosis diagnosis can be envisioned.","PeriodicalId":277757,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) Proceedings","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133771643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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