首页 > 最新文献

The Journal of social psychology最新文献

英文 中文
Psychological effects of reading: the role of nostalgia in re-reading favorite books. 阅读的心理效应:怀旧在重读喜爱书籍中的作用。
Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.25772/AHTY-1568
Margaret A. Kneuer, Jeffrey D. Green, Athena H. Cairo
Nostalgia evoked through various experiences (e.g., scents, music) has been shown to enhance emotional well-being and reduce social pain. We propose that reading a familiar book similarly can elicit nostalgia, and provide emotional benefits through narrative transportation beyond that of reading a new book. We tested the relationship between reading new versus familiar books, nostalgia, narrative transportation, and indices of social connectedness. Participants were randomly assigned to re-read a favorite novel, read a new novel of interest, or read a set of newspaper articles. Re-reading elicited greater nostalgia and social connectedness than reading a new novel or newspaper. Narrative transportation and nostalgia fully mediated the effect of reading condition on social connectedness. We discuss implications for our understanding homeostatic nature of nostalgia and mental transportation.
通过各种体验(如气味、音乐)唤起的怀旧已被证明可以增强情感幸福感,减少社交痛苦。我们认为,以同样的方式阅读一本熟悉的书可以引发怀旧情绪,并通过叙事传递提供情感上的好处,而不是阅读一本新书。我们测试了阅读新书和熟悉书籍、怀旧、叙事转移和社会联系指数之间的关系。参与者被随机分配重读一本最喜欢的小说,阅读一本感兴趣的新小说,或者阅读一组报纸文章。与阅读一本新小说或报纸相比,重读会引发更大的怀旧情绪和社会联系。叙事转运和乡愁完全中介了阅读条件对社会联系的影响。我们讨论了对我们理解怀旧和心理运输的内稳态性质的影响。
{"title":"Psychological effects of reading: the role of nostalgia in re-reading favorite books.","authors":"Margaret A. Kneuer, Jeffrey D. Green, Athena H. Cairo","doi":"10.25772/AHTY-1568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25772/AHTY-1568","url":null,"abstract":"Nostalgia evoked through various experiences (e.g., scents, music) has been shown to enhance emotional well-being and reduce social pain. We propose that reading a familiar book similarly can elicit nostalgia, and provide emotional benefits through narrative transportation beyond that of reading a new book. We tested the relationship between reading new versus familiar books, nostalgia, narrative transportation, and indices of social connectedness. Participants were randomly assigned to re-read a favorite novel, read a new novel of interest, or read a set of newspaper articles. Re-reading elicited greater nostalgia and social connectedness than reading a new novel or newspaper. Narrative transportation and nostalgia fully mediated the effect of reading condition on social connectedness. We discuss implications for our understanding homeostatic nature of nostalgia and mental transportation.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129934236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Does he see what she sees? The gender gap in perceptions of institutional sexism. 他看到了她看到的吗?制度性性别歧视观念中的性别差异。
Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2085543
S. Simon, Melanie Soilleux, C. Wyland, Laurie T. O’Brien
Women are more likely than men to perceive institutional sexism. In the present study, we examined the gender gap in perceptions of a legal case in which a female plaintiff claims she was a victim of institutional gender discrimination by an employer. Participants were randomly assigned to receive information about institutional forms of sexism (or not) prior to learning the facts of the case. In addition, participants were randomly assigned to take the female plaintiff's perspective (or remain objective) while reviewing the case. In isolation, sexism awareness and perspective-taking both independently eliminated the gender gap in perceptions of discrimination. However, contrary to expectations, the gender gap reemerged among participants who were made aware of sexism prior to perspective-taking such that women perceived more discrimination than men. Implications for interventions to increase perceptions of institutional sexism are discussed.
女性比男性更容易感受到制度性的性别歧视。在本研究中,我们研究了在一个法律案件中,女性原告声称她是雇主制度性性别歧视的受害者,在认知上的性别差异。在了解案件真相之前,参与者被随机分配接收有关(或不)性别歧视制度形式的信息。此外,参与者被随机分配站在女性原告的角度(或保持客观)来审查案件。孤立地说,性别歧视意识和换位思考都独立地消除了在歧视观念方面的性别差距。然而,与预期相反,在接受观点之前就意识到性别歧视的参与者中,性别差距再次出现,女性比男性更容易感受到歧视。讨论了增加对机构性别歧视的认识的干预措施的含义。
{"title":"Does he see what she sees? The gender gap in perceptions of institutional sexism.","authors":"S. Simon, Melanie Soilleux, C. Wyland, Laurie T. O’Brien","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2085543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2085543","url":null,"abstract":"Women are more likely than men to perceive institutional sexism. In the present study, we examined the gender gap in perceptions of a legal case in which a female plaintiff claims she was a victim of institutional gender discrimination by an employer. Participants were randomly assigned to receive information about institutional forms of sexism (or not) prior to learning the facts of the case. In addition, participants were randomly assigned to take the female plaintiff's perspective (or remain objective) while reviewing the case. In isolation, sexism awareness and perspective-taking both independently eliminated the gender gap in perceptions of discrimination. However, contrary to expectations, the gender gap reemerged among participants who were made aware of sexism prior to perspective-taking such that women perceived more discrimination than men. Implications for interventions to increase perceptions of institutional sexism are discussed.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126157019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When and how to share? The role of inspiration. 何时以及如何分享?灵感的作用。
Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2080038
Weiwei Xia, Liman Man Wai Li
Sharing what we know with others has an important role in facilitating people's social learning and communication across settings. To advance the understanding of when and how people share, the present study examined the role of inspiration, an emotion that contains strong motivational elements, on people's sharing tendencies in three studies. Study 1 showed a positive association between the inspiring level of a given message and its likelihood of being shared. Study 2 replicated the finding with carefully controlling for the effect of positivity of a given message. Study 3 further provided evidence that inspiration shaped how people share. The results showed that participants shared inspiring messages in a more innovative way than when they shared less inspiring messages. The present research has implications for how to promote the sharing process in different settings through the role of inspiration.
与他人分享我们所知道的对于促进人们在不同环境下的社会学习和交流具有重要作用。为了进一步了解人们分享的时间和方式,本研究在三个研究中考察了激励(一种包含强烈动机因素的情感)在人们分享倾向中的作用。研究1显示,一条信息的鼓舞程度与其被分享的可能性之间存在正相关。研究2重复了这一发现,并仔细控制了给定信息的积极影响。研究3进一步证明,灵感塑造了人们的分享方式。结果显示,与分享不那么鼓舞人心的信息相比,参与者分享鼓舞人心的信息的方式更具创新性。本研究对如何通过激励的作用促进不同情境下的分享过程具有启示意义。
{"title":"When and how to share? The role of inspiration.","authors":"Weiwei Xia, Liman Man Wai Li","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2080038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2080038","url":null,"abstract":"Sharing what we know with others has an important role in facilitating people's social learning and communication across settings. To advance the understanding of when and how people share, the present study examined the role of inspiration, an emotion that contains strong motivational elements, on people's sharing tendencies in three studies. Study 1 showed a positive association between the inspiring level of a given message and its likelihood of being shared. Study 2 replicated the finding with carefully controlling for the effect of positivity of a given message. Study 3 further provided evidence that inspiration shaped how people share. The results showed that participants shared inspiring messages in a more innovative way than when they shared less inspiring messages. The present research has implications for how to promote the sharing process in different settings through the role of inspiration.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116570651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Emotional experiences of ghosting. 鬼影的情感体验。
Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2081528
Gili Freedman, Darcey N. Powell, Benjamin Le, K. Williams
Although ghosting (i.e., unilaterally ending a relationship by ceasing communication) has only recently entered the lexicon, it is a regularly used form of relationship dissolution. However, little research has examined the emotional experiences of ghosting, particularly the experiences of those on both sides of the ghosting process. In a multi-method study, participants who had both ghosted and been ghosted in previous romantic relationships (N = 80) provided narratives of their experiences and completed questionnaires. The narrative responses were analyzed by coders and by using LIWC. Ghosters and ghostees used similar overall levels of positively and negatively valenced words to describe their experiences, but ghosters were more likely to express guilt and relief, whereas ghostees were more likely to express sadness and hurt feelings. Ghostees also experienced more of a threat to their fundamental needs - control, self-esteem, belongingness, meaningful existence - than ghosters.
虽然ghosting(即通过停止交流单方面结束一段关系)最近才进入词典,但它是一种常用的关系解除形式。然而,很少有研究考察“消失”的情感体验,尤其是“消失”过程中双方的体验。在一项多方法研究中,在之前的恋爱关系中有“鬼影”和被“鬼影”的参与者(N = 80)讲述了他们的经历并完成了问卷调查。通过编码员和LIWC对叙事反应进行分析。“鬼”和“鬼”在描述自己的经历时使用的正面和负面评价词的总体水平相似,但“鬼”更倾向于表达内疚和解脱,而“鬼”更倾向于表达悲伤和受伤的感觉。鬼鬼的基本需求——控制、自尊、归属感、有意义的存在——比鬼鬼更容易受到威胁。
{"title":"Emotional experiences of ghosting.","authors":"Gili Freedman, Darcey N. Powell, Benjamin Le, K. Williams","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2081528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2081528","url":null,"abstract":"Although ghosting (i.e., unilaterally ending a relationship by ceasing communication) has only recently entered the lexicon, it is a regularly used form of relationship dissolution. However, little research has examined the emotional experiences of ghosting, particularly the experiences of those on both sides of the ghosting process. In a multi-method study, participants who had both ghosted and been ghosted in previous romantic relationships (N = 80) provided narratives of their experiences and completed questionnaires. The narrative responses were analyzed by coders and by using LIWC. Ghosters and ghostees used similar overall levels of positively and negatively valenced words to describe their experiences, but ghosters were more likely to express guilt and relief, whereas ghostees were more likely to express sadness and hurt feelings. Ghostees also experienced more of a threat to their fundamental needs - control, self-esteem, belongingness, meaningful existence - than ghosters.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132618384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Effects of explanations and precise anchors on salary offers. 解释和精确锚定对薪酬提供的影响。
Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2081527
T. Thorsteinson, Mable E Clark
Two studies were conducted which examined explanations and precise anchors on counteroffers and perceptions in a salary negotiation. Study 1 found that precise offers reduced counteroffers compared to round offers, but explanations focused on internal equity concerns or external equity concerns had no effect on counteroffers. Study 2 also found that precise offers reduced counteroffers compared to round offers. Explanations, which were manipulated to focus on constraint or disparagement rationales, failed to affect counteroffers, but a constraint explanation led to higher attributions of competence compared to a disparagement explanation or no explanation. These results suggest that precise offers are an effective tactic for reducing counteroffers and that explanations are relatively unimportant. Further research is needed to determine under what conditions an explanation may improve or harm negotiation outcomes.
研究人员进行了两项研究,对薪资谈判中的还价和看法进行了解释和精确定位。研究1发现,与整数报价相比,精确报价减少了还价,但专注于内部公平问题或外部公平问题的解释对还价没有影响。研究2还发现,与整数报价相比,精确报价减少了还价。解释被操纵成专注于约束或贬低的理由,对还价没有影响,但与贬低解释或不解释相比,约束解释导致更高的能力归因。这些结果表明,精确的报价是减少还价的有效策略,而解释相对不重要。需要进一步的研究来确定在什么条件下解释可能改善或损害谈判结果。
{"title":"Effects of explanations and precise anchors on salary offers.","authors":"T. Thorsteinson, Mable E Clark","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2081527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2081527","url":null,"abstract":"Two studies were conducted which examined explanations and precise anchors on counteroffers and perceptions in a salary negotiation. Study 1 found that precise offers reduced counteroffers compared to round offers, but explanations focused on internal equity concerns or external equity concerns had no effect on counteroffers. Study 2 also found that precise offers reduced counteroffers compared to round offers. Explanations, which were manipulated to focus on constraint or disparagement rationales, failed to affect counteroffers, but a constraint explanation led to higher attributions of competence compared to a disparagement explanation or no explanation. These results suggest that precise offers are an effective tactic for reducing counteroffers and that explanations are relatively unimportant. Further research is needed to determine under what conditions an explanation may improve or harm negotiation outcomes.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128713334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The guilt that guides me: religiosity, sex guilt, and the demonization of sex workers. 引导我的内疚感:宗教信仰、性内疚感和对性工作者的妖魔化。
Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2080037
Jana M. Hackathorn, J. Hodges, Steffon Jones, Shahzor Hashim
Religiosity and sex-related attitudes are often correlated, and on occasion negatively. That is, as religiosity increases, sexual attitudes tend to become more conservative or generally more disapproving in valence. Recent research suggests that one's own sex guilt may be the mediating influence in this relationship. A series of two studies sought to extend that research and examine the extent to which an individual's religiosity and sex guilt influences their perspective of pornography and sex workers. A survey containing relevant measures was distributed to undergraduate participants as well as individuals from Amazon.com's MTurk. Results indicate that individuals high in religiosity have more negative views of pornography in general, and more demonizing views toward sex workers. However, it was their own sex guilt that mediated that relationship. This study replicates and adds to our current understanding of how religiosity and disparaging views of sex are related, but also shows the importance of including sex guilt as an influential individual difference.
宗教信仰和与性有关的态度通常是相关的,有时是负相关的。也就是说,随着宗教信仰的增加,性态度往往变得更加保守,或者在价上更不赞成。最近的研究表明,一个人自己的性内疚感可能是这种关系的中介影响。一系列的两项研究试图扩展这项研究,并检查个人的宗教信仰和性内疚在多大程度上影响他们对色情作品和性工作者的看法。一份包含相关措施的调查被分发给本科生参与者以及来自亚马逊网站MTurk的个人。结果表明,宗教虔诚度高的个体对色情作品总体上有更多的负面看法,对性工作者有更多的妖魔化看法。然而,是她们自己的性内疚感调解了这种关系。这项研究重复并增加了我们目前对宗教信仰和贬低性观念之间关系的理解,但也显示了将性内疚作为一种有影响的个体差异的重要性。
{"title":"The guilt that guides me: religiosity, sex guilt, and the demonization of sex workers.","authors":"Jana M. Hackathorn, J. Hodges, Steffon Jones, Shahzor Hashim","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2080037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2080037","url":null,"abstract":"Religiosity and sex-related attitudes are often correlated, and on occasion negatively. That is, as religiosity increases, sexual attitudes tend to become more conservative or generally more disapproving in valence. Recent research suggests that one's own sex guilt may be the mediating influence in this relationship. A series of two studies sought to extend that research and examine the extent to which an individual's religiosity and sex guilt influences their perspective of pornography and sex workers. A survey containing relevant measures was distributed to undergraduate participants as well as individuals from Amazon.com's MTurk. Results indicate that individuals high in religiosity have more negative views of pornography in general, and more demonizing views toward sex workers. However, it was their own sex guilt that mediated that relationship. This study replicates and adds to our current understanding of how religiosity and disparaging views of sex are related, but also shows the importance of including sex guilt as an influential individual difference.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116611219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Crying the pain away: the nature, measurement, and function of benign masochism. 哭着把痛苦赶走:良性受虐的性质、测量和功能。
Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2071669
Samantha P Spoor, J. M. Hormes
This study explores benign masochism, the ostensibly non-adaptive enjoyment of inherently aversive experiences (e.g., rollercoasters). After confirming the proposed eight-factor structure of the Benign Masochism Scale (BMS), gender differences in BMS scores and their association with measures of acculturation were examined to assess if benign masochism reflects degree of immersion in the dominant culture. Data were then used to test the hypothesis that benign masochism serves an emotion regulatory function comparable to behaviors like substance use or non-suicidal self-injury. Participants (n = 585, 51.1% female) completed the BMS and measures of sensation-seeking, impulsivity, emotion regulation deficits, and acculturation. Finding suggest significant gender differences in benign masochism and links with degree of acculturation in participants from diverse backgrounds. Associations between BMS scores, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and emotion regulation deficits were replicated here, though variables accounted for little variance in BMS scores. In spite of similarities to established clinical phenomena such as substance use and non-suicidal self-injury, the mechanisms underlying the common yet relatively understudied phenomenon of benign masochism appear to differ and require further exploration.
本研究探讨了良性受虐,即对固有厌恶体验(如过山车)表面上的非适应性享受。在确认了良性受虐倾向量表(BMS)的八因素结构后,我们研究了BMS得分的性别差异及其与文化适应的关系,以评估良性受虐倾向是否反映了对主流文化的沉浸程度。然后,数据被用来验证良性受虐行为具有与物质使用或非自杀性自残行为相当的情绪调节功能的假设。参与者(n = 585, 51.1%为女性)完成了BMS和感觉寻求、冲动性、情绪调节缺陷和文化适应的测量。研究结果表明,来自不同背景的参与者在良性受虐方面存在显著的性别差异,并与文化适应程度有关。BMS评分、冲动性、感觉寻求和情绪调节缺陷之间的关联在这里得到了重复,尽管BMS评分的变量差异很小。尽管与药物使用和非自杀性自残等已确立的临床现象有相似之处,但良性受虐的常见但研究相对不足的现象背后的机制似乎有所不同,需要进一步探索。
{"title":"Crying the pain away: the nature, measurement, and function of benign masochism.","authors":"Samantha P Spoor, J. M. Hormes","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2071669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2071669","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores benign masochism, the ostensibly non-adaptive enjoyment of inherently aversive experiences (e.g., rollercoasters). After confirming the proposed eight-factor structure of the Benign Masochism Scale (BMS), gender differences in BMS scores and their association with measures of acculturation were examined to assess if benign masochism reflects degree of immersion in the dominant culture. Data were then used to test the hypothesis that benign masochism serves an emotion regulatory function comparable to behaviors like substance use or non-suicidal self-injury. Participants (n = 585, 51.1% female) completed the BMS and measures of sensation-seeking, impulsivity, emotion regulation deficits, and acculturation. Finding suggest significant gender differences in benign masochism and links with degree of acculturation in participants from diverse backgrounds. Associations between BMS scores, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and emotion regulation deficits were replicated here, though variables accounted for little variance in BMS scores. In spite of similarities to established clinical phenomena such as substance use and non-suicidal self-injury, the mechanisms underlying the common yet relatively understudied phenomenon of benign masochism appear to differ and require further exploration.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132653077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Home alone yet optimistic: social identity management amidst comparative pessimism. 独自在家却依然乐观:相对悲观中的社会身份管理。
Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2077688
Corey L Guenther, Yiyue Zhang
In three studies (N = 553) we found that despite reporting that others enjoy a more active social life than they do, participants believed that they possessed more social traits than their peers (Study 1), that their level of social activity exceeds the necessary standards for living a satisfying social life (Study 2), and that their social lives would improve significantly in the future (Study 3). Additionally, people were not comparatively pessimistic about the number of close friends they have (Studies 1 and 3), and their pessimism about their social engagement was associated with lowered perceived importance of the social activities in question (Study 3). Taken together, these findings suggest that people's outlook on their social lives is not as grim as others have suggested, but rather, self-enhancing beliefs reside comfortably alongside individuals' acknowledgments of their social deficits.
在三项研究(N = 553)中,我们发现,尽管报告说其他人的社交生活比他们更活跃,但参与者认为他们比同龄人拥有更多的社会特征(研究1),他们的社交活动水平超过了过满意的社交生活的必要标准(研究2),并且他们的社交生活将在未来显著改善(研究3)。此外,人们对自己拥有的亲密朋友的数量并不相对悲观(研究1和3),他们对社交活动的悲观情绪与所涉及的社交活动的重要性降低有关(研究3)。综合来看,这些发现表明,人们对社交生活的看法并不像其他人认为的那样严峻,相反,自我增强的信念与个人对自己社交缺陷的认识相一致。
{"title":"Home alone yet optimistic: social identity management amidst comparative pessimism.","authors":"Corey L Guenther, Yiyue Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2077688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2077688","url":null,"abstract":"In three studies (N = 553) we found that despite reporting that others enjoy a more active social life than they do, participants believed that they possessed more social traits than their peers (Study 1), that their level of social activity exceeds the necessary standards for living a satisfying social life (Study 2), and that their social lives would improve significantly in the future (Study 3). Additionally, people were not comparatively pessimistic about the number of close friends they have (Studies 1 and 3), and their pessimism about their social engagement was associated with lowered perceived importance of the social activities in question (Study 3). Taken together, these findings suggest that people's outlook on their social lives is not as grim as others have suggested, but rather, self-enhancing beliefs reside comfortably alongside individuals' acknowledgments of their social deficits.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132599581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Examining stereotypes in a dynamic social order: the stereotype content model in India. 检视动态社会秩序中的刻板印象:印度的刻板印象内容模式。
Pub Date : 2022-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2071670
Ambika Prasad, C. E. S. Sockbeson, Laurie T. O’Brien
Stereotypes are tools of social perception that attribute a superficial uniformity to individuals within a social group, providing an instrument to assess individuals and groups. The stereotype content model (SCM) provides a framework for understanding these dynamics. SCM explores how groups are stereotyped on competence and warmth. This research utilizes the SCM to study India, a heterogenous society with diverse social groups. The purpose of this paper is to study caste stereotypes using SCM within India while also comparing two distinct regions of the country - the north and the south. This study is unique because (a) earlier studies have not explored stereotyping while recognizing the regional variations "within" India and (b) it applies SCM to caste. We also include how caste perceptions are further defined for groups that fall under the affirmative action program. Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk, we recruited subjects who responded to questions that assessed stereotypes of different social groups. The results indicate the presence of more ambivalent stereotypes and higher belief in karmic ideology in the four southern states compared to the northern states. Possible explanations discussed.
刻板印象是一种社会知觉工具,它使一个社会群体中的个人具有表面上的一致性,提供了一种评估个人和群体的工具。原型内容模型(SCM)为理解这些动态提供了一个框架。SCM探讨了群体是如何对能力和热情形成刻板印象的。本研究利用供应链管理来研究印度这个具有不同社会群体的异质社会。本文的目的是在印度使用SCM研究种姓刻板印象,同时也比较了该国的两个不同地区-北部和南部。这项研究是独一无二的,因为(a)早期的研究没有探索刻板印象,同时认识到印度“内部”的地区差异,(b)它将SCM应用于种姓。我们还包括种姓观念如何进一步定义属于平权行动计划的群体。利用亚马逊的土耳其机器人,我们招募了一些受试者,让他们回答评估不同社会群体刻板印象的问题。结果表明,与北方各州相比,南方四个州存在更多的矛盾刻板印象和更高的业力意识形态信仰。讨论了可能的解释。
{"title":"Examining stereotypes in a dynamic social order: the stereotype content model in India.","authors":"Ambika Prasad, C. E. S. Sockbeson, Laurie T. O’Brien","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2071670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2071670","url":null,"abstract":"Stereotypes are tools of social perception that attribute a superficial uniformity to individuals within a social group, providing an instrument to assess individuals and groups. The stereotype content model (SCM) provides a framework for understanding these dynamics. SCM explores how groups are stereotyped on competence and warmth. This research utilizes the SCM to study India, a heterogenous society with diverse social groups. The purpose of this paper is to study caste stereotypes using SCM within India while also comparing two distinct regions of the country - the north and the south. This study is unique because (a) earlier studies have not explored stereotyping while recognizing the regional variations \"within\" India and (b) it applies SCM to caste. We also include how caste perceptions are further defined for groups that fall under the affirmative action program. Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk, we recruited subjects who responded to questions that assessed stereotypes of different social groups. The results indicate the presence of more ambivalent stereotypes and higher belief in karmic ideology in the four southern states compared to the northern states. Possible explanations discussed.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121375966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
I share because of who I am: values, identities, norms, and attitudes explain sharing intentions. 我分享是因为我是谁:价值观、身份、规范和态度解释了分享的意图。
Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2044282
C. Schuster, Tami Goseberg, Janina Arnold, Anna Sundermann
To promote sustainable consumption, predictors of individuals' intentions need to be understood. Focusing on the example of collaborative consumption, we look at facilitating and inhibiting factors in a preregistered correlational study (N = 378). We hypothesized the Value-Identity-Personal norm (VIP) model to explain variance in sharing intention. In addition, we expected sharing intentions to be linked to attitudes about (de-)ownership. We also hypothesized self-extension into an object to be a barrier to sharing this object. The results supported all hypotheses: The VIP model and de-ownership orientation were related to sharing intentions. Moreover, self-extension into a car was significantly higher among subsamples of car owners than car sharers. Exploratory findings show that the value-intention link predicted by the VIP can be found for biospheric as well as altruistic values if sharing intentions are assessed with items framed to match these respective values. We discuss implications for attempts to promote sustainable consumption.
为了促进可持续消费,需要了解个人意图的预测因素。以协作消费为例,我们在一项预登记的相关研究中考察了促进和抑制因素(N = 378)。我们假设了价值-身份-个人规范(VIP)模型来解释分享意愿的差异。此外,我们预计共享意图与对(去)所有权的态度有关。我们还假设自我扩展到一个对象是共享这个对象的障碍。结果支持所有假设:VIP模型和去所有权倾向与分享意愿相关。此外,车主子样本的自我延伸程度显著高于汽车共享者子样本。探索性发现表明,如果使用与各自价值相匹配的项目来评估共享意图,则VIP预测的价值-意图联系可以在生物圈价值和利他价值中找到。我们讨论了促进可持续消费的影响。
{"title":"I share because of who I am: values, identities, norms, and attitudes explain sharing intentions.","authors":"C. Schuster, Tami Goseberg, Janina Arnold, Anna Sundermann","doi":"10.1080/00224545.2022.2044282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2044282","url":null,"abstract":"To promote sustainable consumption, predictors of individuals' intentions need to be understood. Focusing on the example of collaborative consumption, we look at facilitating and inhibiting factors in a preregistered correlational study (N = 378). We hypothesized the Value-Identity-Personal norm (VIP) model to explain variance in sharing intention. In addition, we expected sharing intentions to be linked to attitudes about (de-)ownership. We also hypothesized self-extension into an object to be a barrier to sharing this object. The results supported all hypotheses: The VIP model and de-ownership orientation were related to sharing intentions. Moreover, self-extension into a car was significantly higher among subsamples of car owners than car sharers. Exploratory findings show that the value-intention link predicted by the VIP can be found for biospheric as well as altruistic values if sharing intentions are assessed with items framed to match these respective values. We discuss implications for attempts to promote sustainable consumption.","PeriodicalId":280808,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of social psychology","volume":"4 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120889876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
期刊
The Journal of social psychology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1