Biofouling of underwater equipment caused by marine organisms is a major problem in the marine industry. Although hydrogel exhibits excellent antifouling properties, its mechanical performance greatly limits its practical application. In this work, a suitable marine antifouling hydrogel (PSM) was designed utilizing a polyethylene glycol–modified MXene (Ti3C2Tx-PEG) toughening mechanism and a silica loaded with nitrogen-doped carbon dots (SiO2@N-CDs) reinforcement strategy to enhance the durability of the hydrogel. The PSM hydrogel exhibited a fracture strength of up to 1.62 MPa, elongation of 1734 %, and toughness of 17.7 MJ/m3. Furthermore, the PSM hydrogel exhibited excellent photothermal antibacterial properties, with antibacterial rates against E. coli and S. aureus reaching 100%. After 180 days of immersion in seawater, the PSM hydrogel morphology remained stable. Because of its long-term durability and effective antifouling properties, our PSM hydrogel can be developed for use in marine ship coatings.
{"title":"Photothermal synergistic antifouling and high-toughness hydrogel based on Ti3C2Tx-PEG for marine coatings","authors":"Miaomiao Ma, Yuhong Qi, Qi’an Chen, Zhanping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofouling of underwater equipment caused by marine organisms is a major problem in the marine industry. Although hydrogel exhibits excellent antifouling properties, its mechanical performance greatly limits its practical application. In this work, a suitable marine antifouling hydrogel (PSM) was designed utilizing a polyethylene glycol–modified MXene (Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>-PEG) toughening mechanism and a silica loaded with nitrogen-doped carbon dots (SiO<sub>2</sub>@N-CDs) reinforcement strategy to enhance the durability of the hydrogel. The PSM hydrogel exhibited a fracture strength of up to 1.62 MPa, elongation of 1734 %, and toughness of 17.7 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>. Furthermore, the PSM hydrogel exhibited excellent photothermal antibacterial properties, with antibacterial rates against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> reaching 100%. After 180 days of immersion in seawater, the PSM hydrogel morphology remained stable. Because of its long-term durability and effective antifouling properties, our PSM hydrogel can be developed for use in marine ship coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108756"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143201179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108712
Anup Kumar Pathak, Satwinder Jit Singh, Srikant S. Padhee
This study introduces a novel approach for analyzing composite plates. The methodology employs the Variational Asymptotic Method (VAM) in an innovative and mathematically rigorous manner to dimensionally reduce the plate using its three-dimensional () model energy. The VAM decouples the plate problem into a through-the-thickness analysis and a planar problem. The Through-the-thickness analysis is done ensuring the continuity of displacements and transverse stresses. This elegantly reduces the dimension of the plate by expressing the variables in terms of variables. However, the obtained reduced-order model, while accurate, is not directly suitable for extremization to solve for the remaining variables. To address this challenge, Concept of isoenergetics is introduced, which eliminates higher-order derivatives, thereby facilitating efficient extremization and reducing computational complexities. The validity and versatility of our proposed methodology are demonstrated through comparisons with benchmark problems from the literature and finite element analysis.
{"title":"Geometrically nonlinear analysis of composite plates through asymptotically accurate isoenergetic theory","authors":"Anup Kumar Pathak, Satwinder Jit Singh, Srikant S. Padhee","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel approach for analyzing composite plates. The methodology employs the Variational Asymptotic Method (VAM) in an innovative and mathematically rigorous manner to dimensionally reduce the plate using its three-dimensional (<span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span>) model energy. The VAM decouples the <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> plate problem into a <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> through-the-thickness analysis and a <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> planar problem. The Through-the-thickness <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> analysis is done ensuring the continuity of displacements and transverse stresses. This elegantly reduces the dimension of the plate by expressing the <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> variables in terms of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> variables. However, the obtained reduced-order model, while accurate, is not directly suitable for <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> extremization to solve for the remaining <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> variables. To address this challenge, Concept of isoenergetics is introduced, which eliminates higher-order derivatives, thereby facilitating efficient extremization and reducing computational complexities. The validity and versatility of our proposed methodology are demonstrated through comparisons with benchmark problems from the literature and <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span> finite element analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108712"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143201261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108741
Pengfei Wu , Arash Kardani , Mabao Liu , Zedong Lin , Sara Bagherifard
In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate deposition behavior of composite graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-Ni particles at various velocities and with different graphene contents. The results indicated that GNPs impede plastic deformation of the metallic particle and stress transfer to it, simultaneously limiting metallurgical bonding at the interface with the substrate. The particle/substrate bonding mechanism was a combination of metallurgical bonding and van der Waals forces physisorption, with the metallurgical bonding playing the primary role in adhesion strength. Increasing the impact velocity and decreasing the GNP content, both resulted in a larger area of metallurgical bonding, thereby enhancing the bonding strength. The particle/particle adhesion involves lateral and interlayer connections among GNPs, activating additional mechanical interlocking between the adjacent particles. Subsequent impact of the upcoming particles tamped the previously deposited one, leading to densification effect. These results deepen our comprehension of how graphene nanoplate-metal composites form.
{"title":"Exploring the bonding mechanism in cold spray deposition of engineered graphene nanoplates-Ni nanocomposite powder","authors":"Pengfei Wu , Arash Kardani , Mabao Liu , Zedong Lin , Sara Bagherifard","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate deposition behavior of composite graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-Ni particles at various velocities and with different graphene contents. The results indicated that GNPs impede plastic deformation of the metallic particle and stress transfer to it, simultaneously limiting metallurgical bonding at the interface with the substrate. The particle/substrate bonding mechanism was a combination of metallurgical bonding and van der Waals forces physisorption, with the metallurgical bonding playing the primary role in adhesion strength. Increasing the impact velocity and decreasing the GNP content, both resulted in a larger area of metallurgical bonding, thereby enhancing the bonding strength. The particle/particle adhesion involves lateral and interlayer connections among GNPs, activating additional mechanical interlocking between the adjacent particles. Subsequent impact of the upcoming particles tamped the previously deposited one, leading to densification effect. These results deepen our comprehension of how graphene nanoplate-metal composites form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108741"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143200931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) in mechanical mode, Raman and Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy were applied to explore the ultrastructure and nano-mechanical properties of kink-band regions in flax fibres. It is evidenced, that the longitudinal indentation modulus drastically drops (between −43 and −53%) in kink-band regions, mainly explained by pronounced changes in microfibrillar angle (MFA), from 0 to 6° to 19-21°. At contrary, Raman investigations demonstrate a conservation of biochemical composition, along with a decrease in local crystallinity (between 11 and 57%), contributing also to the mechanical loss in kink-band regions. These micro-scale investigations provide inedited findings about the kink-band features and specificities, especially in term of local properties.
{"title":"Impact of flax fibre kink-bands on local longitudinal mechanical properties and cell wall ultrastructure","authors":"Loren Morgillo , Camille Goudenhooft , Alessia Melelli , Sylvie Durand , Marwa Abida , Johnny Beaugrand , Alain Bourmaud","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) in mechanical mode, Raman and Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy were applied to explore the ultrastructure and nano-mechanical properties of kink-band regions in flax fibres. It is evidenced, that the longitudinal indentation modulus drastically drops (between −43 and −53%) in kink-band regions, mainly explained by pronounced changes in microfibrillar angle (MFA), from 0 to 6° to 19-21°. At contrary, Raman investigations demonstrate a conservation of biochemical composition, along with a decrease in local crystallinity (between 11 and 57%), contributing also to the mechanical loss in kink-band regions. These micro-scale investigations provide inedited findings about the kink-band features and specificities, especially in term of local properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108754"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143200930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108753
Khoa T.D. Nguyen , MinhToan Nguyen , Tuan An Nguyen , Doan Q. Tran , Ngoc Nhi Truong , Vy T. Nguyen , Van-Tien Bui , DongQuy Hoang
There has been an increasing emphasis on sustainability research in selective adsorption materials for treating contaminated solutions, since these materials come with great attributes of chemical polarity, physical durability, and environmental friendliness. In this study, we coated multifunction biomass-derived polyurethane (BPU) and petroleum-derived polyurethane (CPU) with Fe3O4 NPs, stearic acid (SA), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) to increase their mentioned attributes. The proposed foams exhibit outstanding flame retardancy, superhydrophobicity, adsorption capacity, oil–water separation ability, and recyclability, meeting the demands of oily wastewater remediation. Accordingly, the modified BPU foam demonstrates a water contact angle (WCA) of 144.5° (124 % higher compared to BPU), maintaining an adsorption capacity of 12 times after 10 cycles. Meanwhile, the modified CPU achieved a superhydrophobic state with a WCA exceeding 150.1° (40 % higher compared to CPU), and its adsorption capacity was maintained at 17 g/g after 10 cycles. Demulsification efficiency reached 84 % and 88 % for BPU@Fe3O4@SA and CPU@Fe3O4@SA, respectively. Furthermore, the foam materials in the presence of TPP flame retardant show a high flame resistance that can extinguish flame within 2 s after removing a flame torch, which underscores its robustness and fire safety in practical applications. Finally, the comprehensive comparisons and characterization performances between BPU-based and CPU-based foams were first introduced in this investigation. The findings affirm the sustainable and promising foam derived from bamboo biomass, contributing not only to environmental applications but also to broader sustainable development.
{"title":"A novel multifunctional high bio-content polyurethane nanocomposite and comprehensive comparison with its commercial relevance","authors":"Khoa T.D. Nguyen , MinhToan Nguyen , Tuan An Nguyen , Doan Q. Tran , Ngoc Nhi Truong , Vy T. Nguyen , Van-Tien Bui , DongQuy Hoang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been an increasing emphasis on sustainability research in selective adsorption materials for treating contaminated solutions, since these materials come with great attributes of chemical polarity, physical durability, and environmental friendliness. In this study, we coated multifunction biomass-derived polyurethane (BPU) and petroleum-derived polyurethane (CPU) with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs, stearic acid (SA), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) to increase their mentioned attributes. The proposed foams exhibit outstanding flame retardancy, superhydrophobicity, adsorption capacity, oil–water separation ability, and recyclability, meeting the demands of oily wastewater remediation. Accordingly, the modified BPU foam demonstrates a water contact angle (WCA) of 144.5° (124 % higher compared to BPU), maintaining an adsorption capacity of 12 times after 10 cycles. Meanwhile, the modified CPU achieved a superhydrophobic state with a WCA exceeding 150.1° (40 % higher compared to CPU), and its adsorption capacity was maintained at 17 g/g after 10 cycles. Demulsification efficiency reached 84 % and 88 % for BPU@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SA and CPU@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SA, respectively. Furthermore, the foam materials in the presence of TPP flame retardant show a high flame resistance that can extinguish flame within 2 s after removing a flame torch, which underscores its robustness and fire safety in practical applications. Finally, the comprehensive comparisons and characterization performances between BPU-based and CPU-based foams were first introduced in this investigation. The findings affirm the sustainable and promising foam derived from bamboo biomass, contributing not only to environmental applications but also to broader sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108753"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143201178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108750
Alireza Alidoust , Mojtaba Haghgoo , Reza Ansari , Mohammad Kazem Hassanzadeh-Aghdam , Sung-Hwan Jang
The piezoresistive sensitivity of aligned carbon nanotube (CNT)-elastomeric nanocomposites is investigated using a mapped conductive network model on finite element simulation. The study aims to investigate the sensor’s geometrical parameters, including shape and thickness, to enhance sensitivity under compressive load for applications requiring accurate pressure measurements. Substrates with different thicknesses and shapes are compressed to obtain the most efficient sensor structure including square, rectangular, and circular diaphragms. The developed strain field in the sensor as a result of indenter penetrating or uniform compressive pressure leads to the resistance change. The pertained resistivity to each maximum principal strain state is used directly from the conductive network model. The results disclose a good agreement with experimental data denoting improved sensitivity through bending of thinner sensors with square substrate. Results also reveal a decreased sensitivity for the rectangular indented substrates compared square substrates caused by more concentrated strain distribution during square substrate indentation.
{"title":"A mapped conductive network model on the simulation of aligned CNT/PDMS flexible pressure sensor piezoresistivity","authors":"Alireza Alidoust , Mojtaba Haghgoo , Reza Ansari , Mohammad Kazem Hassanzadeh-Aghdam , Sung-Hwan Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The piezoresistive sensitivity of aligned carbon nanotube (CNT)-elastomeric nanocomposites is investigated using a mapped conductive network model on finite element simulation. The study aims to investigate the sensor’s geometrical parameters, including shape and thickness, to enhance sensitivity under compressive load for applications requiring accurate pressure measurements. Substrates with different thicknesses and shapes are compressed to obtain the most efficient sensor structure including square, rectangular, and circular diaphragms. The developed strain field in the sensor as a result of indenter penetrating or uniform compressive pressure leads to the resistance change. The pertained resistivity to each maximum principal strain state is used directly from the conductive network model. The results disclose a good agreement with experimental data denoting improved sensitivity through bending of thinner sensors with square substrate. Results also reveal a decreased sensitivity for the rectangular indented substrates compared square substrates caused by more concentrated strain distribution during square substrate indentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108750"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143201154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108752
Farimah Tikhani , Pascal Hubert
This study explores the optimization of extrusion process parameters for fabrication of short glass fibre-reinforced polycarbonate filaments suitable for Fused Filament Fabrication. Employing Response Surface Methodology, the effects of fibre content, screw speed, and die temperature on mechanical properties and dimensional stability of filaments were investigated. This work introduces the application of Digital Image Correlation directly on filaments during tensile testing, contributing to the development of advanced filament characterization techniques. The optimal parameters—10 wt% fibre content, 40 rpm screw speed, and 239.9 °C die temperature—achieved a balance between high tensile modulus, high tensile strength, and minimal diameter deviation. The optimal processing condition led to a 148 % increase in tensile modulus, while maintaining good tensile strength and acceptable diameter deviation. Overall, fibre content had the most significant impact on filament properties, followed by screw speed. Fracture surface analysis provided valuable insights about the effects of process parameters on microstructure of the composites.
{"title":"Extrusion optimization and advanced mechanical characterization of fibre-reinforced polycarbonate filaments: Improving performance for fused filament fabrication","authors":"Farimah Tikhani , Pascal Hubert","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the optimization of extrusion process parameters for fabrication of short glass fibre-reinforced polycarbonate filaments suitable for Fused Filament Fabrication. Employing Response Surface Methodology, the effects of fibre content, screw speed, and die temperature on mechanical properties and dimensional stability of filaments were investigated. This work introduces the application of Digital Image Correlation directly on filaments during tensile testing, contributing to the development of advanced filament characterization techniques. The optimal parameters—10 wt% fibre content, 40 rpm screw speed, and 239.9 °C die temperature—achieved a balance between high tensile modulus, high tensile strength, and minimal diameter deviation. The optimal processing condition led to a 148 % increase in tensile modulus, while maintaining good tensile strength and acceptable diameter deviation. Overall, fibre content had the most significant impact on filament properties, followed by screw speed. Fracture surface analysis provided valuable insights about the effects of process parameters on microstructure of the composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108752"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143200932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108755
Luyao Ding , Quanxin Liu , Tianyi Hang , Youqiang Yao , Shaohua Jiang , Yiming Chen , Jiajia Zheng
To eliminate the increasing threats to human health and environmental safety posed by electromagnetic radiation, it is necessary to develop high performance and functionally integrated absorbers with superior mechanical performances. Herein, a 3D porous biomass cellulose nanofibril-based composite aerogel elastomer was first fabricated and encapsulated by Ecoflex, which was assisted by highly conductive carbon nanotubes and electromagnetic-functional carbon-shell iron-cobalt–nickel alloys with N-doped carbon. The resulting composite elastomer demonstrated excellent flexibility, high resilience, and fatigue-resistant compression. Additionally, the inclusion of Ecoflex provided tunable dielectric properties and abundant heterogeneous interfaces, enabling effective electromagnetic wave attenuation. It achieved a minimum reflection loss of −57 dB, corresponding to a super-wide effective absorption bandwidth of 7.41 GHz. Also, the enhanced elasticity endowed the aerogel elastomer with an effective piezoresistive sensing capability for sensitive and stable human motion monitoring. This unique strategy will provide new opportunities for broadening the application scenarios of functionally integrated composite elastomers.
{"title":"Highly compressible composite aerogel elastomers aided by FeCoNi alloys and carbon nanotubes for electromagnetic wave absorption and piezoresistive sensing","authors":"Luyao Ding , Quanxin Liu , Tianyi Hang , Youqiang Yao , Shaohua Jiang , Yiming Chen , Jiajia Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To eliminate the increasing threats to human health and environmental safety posed by electromagnetic radiation, it is necessary to develop high performance and functionally integrated absorbers with superior mechanical performances. Herein, a 3D porous biomass cellulose nanofibril-based composite aerogel elastomer was first fabricated and encapsulated by Ecoflex, which was assisted by highly conductive carbon nanotubes and electromagnetic-functional carbon-shell iron-cobalt–nickel alloys with N-doped carbon. The resulting composite elastomer demonstrated excellent flexibility, high resilience, and fatigue-resistant compression. Additionally, the inclusion of Ecoflex provided tunable dielectric properties and abundant heterogeneous interfaces, enabling effective electromagnetic wave attenuation. It achieved a minimum reflection loss of −57 dB, corresponding to a super-wide effective absorption bandwidth of 7.41 GHz. Also, the enhanced elasticity endowed the aerogel elastomer with an effective piezoresistive sensing capability for sensitive and stable human motion monitoring. This unique strategy will provide new opportunities for broadening the application scenarios of functionally integrated composite elastomers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108755"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143200933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108751
Zhenyuan Yang , Dong Feng , Yuhui Xie , Feng Wu , Yi Mei , Tianyu Zhang , Delong Xie
The escalating issue of electromagnetic microwave pollution necessitates the development of high-efficiency absorbing materials. Composite materials featuring multiple loss mechanisms have emerged as the primary approach for creating effective electromagnetic wave absorbers. Among these, metal sulfides are promising candidates due to their unique properties and controllable microstructures. However, the wave absorption capabilities of single metal sulfides are inherently limited. To enhance their electromagnetic absorption properties, strategies such as morphological regulation and the doping of foreign materials have proven effective. In this study, we reacted nickel powder and iron powder with tin disulfide to synthesize binary metal sulfides. These sulfides were subsequently combined with graphite through ball milling to create a wave-absorbing material characterized by both dielectric and magnetic losses. The formation of suitable heterogeneous interfaces, diverse compositions, and abundant defects enables effective impedance matching and promotes multiple dielectric polarization, thereby synergistically enhancing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption capacity. Leveraging these advantages, the Fe-Sn-S binary metal sulfide demonstrates an effective absorption band at 4.46 GHz, achieving a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −64.48 dB. This research paves the way for new composite materials designed for improved sulfide-based electromagnetic wave absorption.
{"title":"Exploring the synergistic role of graphite and binary metal sulfides in achieving superior electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Zhenyuan Yang , Dong Feng , Yuhui Xie , Feng Wu , Yi Mei , Tianyu Zhang , Delong Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating issue of electromagnetic microwave pollution necessitates the development of high-efficiency absorbing materials. Composite materials featuring multiple loss mechanisms have emerged as the primary approach for creating effective electromagnetic wave absorbers. Among these, metal sulfides are promising candidates due to their unique properties and controllable microstructures. However, the wave absorption capabilities of single metal sulfides are inherently limited. To enhance their electromagnetic absorption properties, strategies such as morphological regulation and the doping of foreign materials have proven effective. In this study, we reacted nickel powder and iron powder with tin disulfide to synthesize binary metal sulfides. These sulfides were subsequently combined with graphite through ball milling to create a wave-absorbing material characterized by both dielectric and magnetic losses. The formation of suitable heterogeneous interfaces, diverse compositions, and abundant defects enables effective impedance matching and promotes multiple dielectric polarization, thereby synergistically enhancing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption capacity. Leveraging these advantages, the Fe-Sn-S binary metal sulfide demonstrates an effective absorption band at 4.46 GHz, achieving a minimum reflection loss (<em>RL<sub>min</sub></em>) of −64.48 dB. This research paves the way for new composite materials designed for improved sulfide-based electromagnetic wave absorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108751"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143201155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108726
Yuhang Lin , Wenhao Dong , Shengjie Li , Shenghao Zhang , Xilei Chen , Lei Du , Ben Wang
Developing efficient multifunctional composite polymer materials with excellent flame retardency, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, antibacterial and mechanical strength has been a huge challenge. Here, a nano nanofiller (Ag@PZS@MXene) was synthesized via electrostatic self-assembly and the nanofiller was introduced into ABS matrix to fabricate ABS nanocomposites (ABS-Ag@PZS@MXene). Then, multifunctional hierarchical structural composites ABS-Ag@PZS@MXene/MXene film (ABS-Ag@PZS@MXene/SW) was constructed via air-assisted thermocompression technology. The core–shell structure (Ag@PZS) protects the MXene from oxidation while effectively optimizing the interface between the multifunctional nanofiller and the ABS matrix. Consequently, the obtained hierarchical ABS composites have excellent flame resistance (reduction in peak heat release rate of 36.8 % and peak smoke production rate of 39.1 %) outstanding electromagnetic shielding performance (the EMI SE reached 25.2 dB at 12.4 GHz), superior antibacterial activity and improved mechanical performance. This work supplies a feasible strategy for designing polymer-based composite with excellent multifunctionality, which have a great potential for applications in many fields.
{"title":"Core-shell Ag@PZS modified MXene towards highly flame retardancy, electromagnetic interference shielding, antibacterial of robust tough hierarchical ABS composites","authors":"Yuhang Lin , Wenhao Dong , Shengjie Li , Shenghao Zhang , Xilei Chen , Lei Du , Ben Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing efficient multifunctional composite polymer materials with excellent flame retardency, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, antibacterial and mechanical strength has been a huge challenge. Here, a nano nanofiller (Ag@PZS@MXene) was synthesized via electrostatic self-assembly and the nanofiller was introduced into ABS matrix to fabricate ABS nanocomposites (ABS-Ag@PZS@MXene). Then, multifunctional hierarchical structural composites ABS-Ag@PZS@MXene/MXene film (ABS-Ag@PZS@MXene/SW) was constructed via air-assisted thermocompression technology. The core–shell structure (Ag@PZS) protects the MXene from oxidation while effectively optimizing the interface between the multifunctional nanofiller and the ABS matrix. Consequently, the obtained hierarchical ABS composites have excellent flame resistance (reduction in peak heat release rate of 36.8 % and peak smoke production rate of 39.1 %) outstanding electromagnetic shielding performance (the EMI SE reached 25.2 dB at 12.4 GHz), superior antibacterial activity and improved mechanical performance. This work supplies a feasible strategy for designing polymer-based composite with excellent multifunctionality, which have a great potential for applications in many fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 108726"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143343054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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