Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing最新文献_第8页

Multifunctional B4C-ScB2C2 composites with high fracture toughness, electro-machinability, and superior laser resistance 多功能B4C-ScB2C2复合材料，具有高断裂韧性、电加工性和优异的抗激光性能

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109527

Chaona Liu , Li Tian , Yueming Li , Fuyuan Zheng , Yunhui Li , Qingming Xu , Jianwei Zhu , Wenfei Li , Guorui Zhao

This work overcomes the long-standing brittleness and poor machinability of B₄C by in-situ introduced conductive ScB₂C₂ network via reactive hot-pressing. The optimized composite containing 20 vol% ScB₂C₂ (BS-20) achieves a record fracture toughness of ∼ 10.5 MPa·m^1/2—over twice that of monolithic B₄C—enabled by residual stress fields from thermal-expansion mismatch and atomically coherent interfaces that promote crack deflection and bridging. Simultaneously, the percolating ScB₂C₂ network enables a semiconductor-to-conductor transition (∼ 0.65 × 10³ S/m), thereby unlocking electro-discharge machining of complex geometries, a critical advance for practical deployment. Furthermore, the BS-20 composite demonstrated exceptional laser ablation resistance, sustaining high power densities (up to ∼ 1.6 × 10⁷ W/cm²) without catastrophic failure, due to enhanced mechanical properties, energy dissipation and protective oxide scale formation. This work introduces a new class of damage-tolerant, electro-machinable, and laser-resistant B₄C-based composites, establishing a generalizable strategy for designing multifunctional ceramics capable of reliable performance in extreme environments spanning aerospace, defense, and precision engineering.

通过反应热压，原位引入导电的ScB2C2网络，克服了B4C长期存在的脆性和较差的可加工性。含有20 vol% ScB2C2 （BS-20）的优化复合材料的断裂韧性达到了创纪录的~ 10.5 MPa·m1/2，是单片b4c的两倍以上，这是由于热膨胀失配和促进裂纹挠曲和桥接的原子相干界面的残余应力场造成的。同时，渗透的ScB2C2网络实现了半导体到导体的转变（~ 0.65 × 103 S/m），从而实现了复杂几何形状的电火花加工，这是实际部署的关键进步。此外，BS-20复合材料表现出优异的抗激光烧蚀性能，保持高功率密度（高达1.6 × 107 W/cm2）而不会发生灾难性失效，这是由于增强的机械性能、能量耗散和保护性氧化垢的形成。这项工作介绍了一类新的耐损伤、可电加工和耐激光的b4c基复合材料，为设计在航空航天、国防和精密工程等极端环境中具有可靠性能的多功能陶瓷建立了一种通用策略。

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引用次数: 0

Simulating real FRP microstructures under longitudinal compression: Realistic fibre content, kinking–torsion metrics, and enhanced computational efficiency 纵向压缩下模拟真实FRP微结构：真实纤维含量，扭结-扭转度量，提高计算效率

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109515

D. Bikos , R.S. Trask , P. Robinson , S. Pimenta

Local imperfections in microstructures are a key factor influencing the compressive performance of fibre-reinforced polymer composites (FRPs); this can be investigated through micromechanical finite element (μFE) simulations of representative volume elements (RVEs) reconstructed from computed tomography of real FRP microstructures. This is the first paper that identifies and addresses three key open challenges in μFE simulations of real FRPs under longitudinal compression: firstly, we introduce a new method for generating continuum μFE models of RVEs with high fibre content (up to 55%) and without unrealistic resin-rich boundaries or fibre interpenetration. Secondly, we propose new microstructural metrics to characterise misalignment and twisting, novel deformation metrics to quantify kinking and torsion during compression, and we analyse their relationships. Thirdly, we validate our recently proposed, computationally efficient, shell-beam (SB) methodology at the microstructural level. The results highlight the importance of simulating FRP microstructures with a realistic fibre content and microstructural twist and demonstrate the very good predictive performance of SB models.

微观结构中的局部缺陷是影响纤维增强聚合物复合材料抗压性能的关键因素。这可以通过计算机断层扫描重建真实FRP微结构的代表性体积单元（RVEs）的微力学有限元（μFE）模拟来研究。这是第一篇确定并解决纵向压缩下真实frp μFE模拟中三个关键开放挑战的论文：首先，我们引入了一种新的方法来生成具有高纤维含量（高达55%）且没有不切实际的富树脂边界或纤维互穿的rve连续μFE模型。其次，我们提出了新的微观结构指标来表征错位和扭转，新的变形指标来量化压缩过程中的扭结和扭转，并分析了它们之间的关系。第三，我们在微观结构水平上验证了我们最近提出的计算效率高的壳梁（SB）方法。结果强调了用真实的纤维含量和微观结构捻度模拟FRP微结构的重要性，并证明了SB模型非常好的预测性能。

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引用次数: 0

Ternary thermoresistive strain dependent nanocomposite for transverse mode analysis of conductors 用于导体横向模态分析的三元热阻应变相关纳米复合材料

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109526

Mojtaba Haghgoo , Reza Ansari , Mohammad Kazem Hassanzadeh-Aghdam , Jamaloddin Jamali , Saeid Sahmani , Sung-Hwan Jang

A ternary carbon nanotube (CNT) carbon black (CB) nanocomposite is analyzed studying the synergistic effect between CNT and CB on electrical conductivity. The assessment of the thermoresistivity and piezoresistivity of the nanocomposite with dispersed nanofillers of different diameters and conductivity ranges is investigated. By considering CBs with CNTs in the developed network model, Monte Carlo simulation results correlate well with experimental data. The effects of barrier height, aspect ratio and transverse mode are investigated. To guarantee the convergence of piezoresistivity, the number of CNTs was selected larger than a threshold amount, and this enforced a modified calculation scheme using parallel rows of series resistors formed through conductors. Results indicate that the electrical resistance decreased with increased temperature with higher temperature coefficient of resistance producing more prominent drops in comparison with the polymer thermal expansion minor effect. On this basis, the center mechanism about improving the electrical properties of the composite were high intrinsic conductivity and large aspect ratio CNTs selected with small concentrations of CB nanoparticles. The results demonstrate that increasing the number of transverse modes enhances thermoresistivity by modifying tunneling resistance.

分析了一种三元碳纳米管（CNT）和炭黑（CB）纳米复合材料，研究了碳纳米管和炭黑对导电性能的协同效应。研究了不同粒径、不同电导率的分散纳米填料所制备的纳米复合材料的热阻和压阻性能。通过在所建立的网络模型中考虑碳纳米管的碳纳米管，蒙特卡罗模拟结果与实验数据吻合良好。研究了障壁高度、宽高比和横模的影响。为了保证压电阻率的收敛性，选择的碳纳米管数量大于阈值，这就需要采用通过导体形成的并联串联电阻的改进计算方案。结果表明，电阻随温度升高而降低，且电阻温度系数越高，下降幅度越明显，而聚合物热膨胀效应较小。在此基础上，提高复合材料电性能的主要机制是在小浓度的炭黑纳米颗粒中选择高本征电导率和大纵横比的碳纳米管。结果表明，增加横向模式的数量可以通过改变隧道电阻来提高热电阻率。

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引用次数: 0

Parametric evaluation of low velocity impact damage in polymer composites using aquaphotomics-based near infrared spectroscopy 基于水光组学的聚合物复合材料低速冲击损伤近红外光谱参数评价

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109523

Oluwatimilehin Oluwajire , Katherine Berkowitz , Ogheneovo Idolor , Rishabh Debraj Guha , Adwoa Owusu , Uday Vaidya , Landon Grace

Polymer composites are increasingly used in safety–critical structures, such as aircraft wings and fuselages, wind turbine blades, and boat hulls, across the aerospace, energy, and marine industries, owing to their advantageous properties. However, they are prone to Low-Velocity Impact (LVI) events, which can initiate subsurface damage, compromising their long-term integrity and performance. This necessitates effective techniques for the damage evaluation of polymer composites.

This study explored the application of Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect and quantify LVI damage in E-glass/epoxy laminates. NIRS leverages moisture-polymer interactions to identify internal structural changes. Samples exhibiting barely visible impact damage (BVID) were systematically inspected using a Nano NIRS Evaluation Module across various moisture levels, and the data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of spectral data.

Two damage parameters were developed and evaluated: (1) the Absorbance Area (AA), and (2) the Free-to-Bound water ratio (FBWR). The results demonstrate the potential of NIRS for identifying and quantifying damage, showing a strong correlation between moisture content and damage extent. Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) was employed for comparative analysis. This study shows the effectiveness of NIRS application in the evaluation of LVI damage in polymer composites and highlights a new pathway for early damage detection in composites.

聚合物复合材料由于其优越的性能，越来越多地用于安全关键结构，如飞机机翼和机身，风力涡轮机叶片和船体，跨越航空航天，能源和海洋工业。然而，它们容易发生低速撞击（LVI）事件，这会引发地下损伤，影响它们的长期完整性和性能。这就需要有效的聚合物复合材料损伤评估技术。本研究探讨了近红外光谱（NIRS）在e -玻璃/环氧复合材料LVI损伤检测和量化中的应用。近红外光谱利用水分-聚合物相互作用来识别内部结构变化。使用纳米NIRS评估模块系统地检查了不同湿度水平下几乎不可见的冲击损伤（BVID）样品，并使用光谱数据的多变量分析对数据进行了分析。建立并评估了两个损伤参数：(1)吸收面积（AA）和(2)自由束缚水比（FBWR）。结果表明，近红外光谱在识别和量化损伤方面具有潜力，表明含水率与损伤程度之间存在很强的相关性。采用相控阵超声检测（PAUT）进行对比分析。本研究表明了近红外光谱技术在评价聚合物复合材料LVI损伤中的有效性，为复合材料早期损伤检测开辟了一条新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal induced anisotropic deformation of DCPD gels during frontal polymerization DCPD凝胶在正面聚合过程中的热诱导各向异性变形

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109524

Xiyang Su , Weixi Gao , Sepideh Sadat Hosseini Noorabadi , Yihao Li , Patrick Ryan Galligan , Yapeng Chen , Xingyi Zhang , Jinglei Yang

As an emerging low-energy-consumption and rapid-processing technique, frontal polymerization (FP) has garnered increasing attention due to its significant potential in free-standing three-dimensional printing, advanced composite manufacturing etc. However, effects from thermal expansion, chemical shrinkage, and nonuniform reaction propagation during the FP process inevitably generate gradient deformations at the FP front, adversely affecting the mechanical properties of the final processed components. To elucidate the intrinsic deformation mechanisms of polymer materials during FP and optimize their mechanical performance after polymerization, we employ a representative dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) gel system for investigation. In this study, simultaneous temperature and strain measurement revealed anisotropic deformation patterns of DCPD gels during FP. Meanwhile, experimental and numerical studies investigated the strain evolution of DCPD gels during both single and multi-point initiation of FP, revealing that the maximum compressive strain in uncured regions gradually decreased with increasing pre-curing degree but increased with rising width. Finally, mechanical characterization results show that, as the pre-curing degree increases, both compressive and tensile performances of polydicyclopentadiene are progressively enhanced, with yield strengths under tension and compression at 77 K significantly exceeding those at room temperature. These findings provide an experimental and theoretical foundation for high-performance material fabrication based on FP of gel-state systems.

正面聚合技术作为一种新兴的低能耗、快速加工技术，因其在独立三维打印、先进复合材料制造等方面的巨大潜力而受到越来越多的关注。然而，在FP过程中，热膨胀、化学收缩和不均匀反应传播的影响不可避免地在FP前端产生梯度变形，对最终加工部件的力学性能产生不利影响。为了阐明高分子材料在FP过程中的固有变形机制，并优化聚合后的力学性能，我们采用具有代表性的双环戊二烯（DCPD）凝胶体系进行了研究。在这项研究中，同时测量温度和应变，揭示了DCPD凝胶在FP过程中的各向异性变形模式。同时，通过实验和数值研究，研究了单点和多点启动FP过程中DCPD凝胶的应变演化规律，发现未固化区域的最大压缩应变随预固化程度的增加而逐渐减小，但随预固化宽度的增加而增大。最后，力学表征结果表明，随着预固化程度的增加，聚双环戊二烯的抗压和抗拉性能逐渐增强，77 K下的拉伸和压缩屈服强度显著超过室温。这些发现为基于凝胶态体系FP制备高性能材料提供了实验和理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Pyrogallol adhesion and mineralized bionic hybrid layer decorating UHMWPE fiber for enhancing the interfacial and mechanical properties 邻苯三酚黏附和矿化仿生杂化层修饰超高分子量聚乙烯纤维，增强其界面性能和力学性能

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109528

Kui Wang , Lu Shen , Xiang Ji , Jiale Gong , Chenchen Cui , Jiahong Xie , Liang Hong

An organic–inorganic bionic hybrid layer was created to improve the interfacial and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber-reinforced epoxy (UHMWPE/Epoxy) composites by utilizing the adhesion of pyrogallol and the mineralization of Cu²⁺ ions. The findings indicated that the effective application of the hybrid layer introduced a significant quantity of polar groups and inorganic Cu₃(PO₄)₂ particles. Mineralization treatment remarkably increased the fiber’s surface energy from 20.64 mN/m to 31.24 mN/m, achieving 51 % improvement in wettability. The interfacial interactions between the organic–inorganic hybrid layer and epoxy resin were markedly enhanced, increasing the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) from 2.38 ± 0.28 MPa to 7.62 ± 0.74 MPa. Compared with the pristine composite, the modified UHMWPE/Epoxy exhibited up to 63 %, 69 %, and 113 % improvement in mechanical performance, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), and transverse fiber bundle tension (TFBT), respectively. Upon application of an external force, the bionic hybrid layer facilitated numerous deflections and intricate crack paths at the interface. As a result, a uniform and swift force transmission was established from the epoxy resin to the fiber.

利用邻苯三酚的粘附作用和Cu2+离子的矿化作用，制备了一种有机-无机仿生杂化层，以改善超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）纤维增强环氧树脂（UHMWPE/环氧）复合材料的界面性能和力学性能。结果表明，杂化层的有效施用引入了大量极性基团和无机Cu3(PO4)2颗粒。矿化处理显著提高了纤维的表面能，从20.64 mN/m提高到31.24 mN/m，润湿性提高51%。有机-无机杂化层与环氧树脂的界面相互作用明显增强，界面抗剪强度（IFSS）由2.38±0.28 MPa提高到7.62±0.74 MPa。与原始复合材料相比，改性后的UHMWPE/环氧树脂在力学性能、层间剪切强度（ILSS）和横向纤维束张力（TFBT）方面分别提高了63%、69%和113%。在外力作用下，仿生杂化层在界面处产生了大量的挠曲和复杂的裂纹路径。结果，建立了从环氧树脂到纤维的均匀而快速的力传递。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the flexural performance and damage process of 3D printed beams 3D打印梁的抗弯性能及损伤过程研究

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109517

Siyuan Wu , Zhongde Shan , Ken Chen , Shaozong Wang , Congze Fan , Xiaojun Liu , Zhifeng Zhang , Jianxin Xiao

Short fiber reinforced resin beams (SFRRBs), continuous fiber reinforced resin beams (CFRRBs) and hybrid printing beam structures were produced using 3D printing, innovatively. The influence of printing speed and temperature on the flexural strength and modulus was examined and compared. Furthermore, the flexural damage process was examined by acoustic emission (AE) technology, and the feature signals were clustered utilizing principal component analysis(PCA)and the K-means++ algorithm. The results indicate that printing temperature and speed have a significant impact on the flexural performance, and when the printing temperature was set at 220°C and the printing speeds were 5 mm/s and 1.5 mm/s, the maximum flexural strength and modulus of SFRRBs reached 82.34 MPa and 4.07 GPa, respectively, while those of CFRRBs reached 235.12 MPa and 15.12 GPa; The flexural strength and modulus of the interlaminar hybrid printing beam structures could achieve 203.31 MPa and 18.91 GPa, with the maximum improvements by 18.20 % and 25.01 %, as the small layer short fiber reinforced resin establishes a more robust bonding interface and diminishes the overall porosity; The flexural damage of CFRRBs and SFRRBs was classified into five types. In comparison to 0 mm rib CFRRBs, 10 mm rib CFRRBs have a greater average energy and duration of AE signal; In comparison to 10 mm rib CFRRB, the average AE energy of 10 mm rib SFRRB is diminished, however, the average duration is extended. The research provides more feasibility for the application of 3D printing in the field of engineering.

创新地利用3D打印技术制造了短纤维增强树脂梁（SFRRBs）、连续纤维增强树脂梁（CFRRBs）和混合打印梁结构。考察和比较了印刷速度和温度对材料抗弯强度和模量的影响。利用声发射（AE）技术对弯曲损伤过程进行检测，并利用主成分分析（PCA）和k -means++算法对特征信号进行聚类。结果表明：打印温度和打印速度对材料抗弯性能有显著影响，当打印温度为220℃，打印速度为5 mm/s和1.5 mm/s时，SFRRBs的最大抗弯强度和模量分别达到82.34 MPa和4.07 GPa， CFRRBs的最大抗弯强度和模量分别达到235.12 MPa和15.12 GPa；层间混合打印梁结构的抗折强度和模量分别达到203.31 MPa和18.91 GPa，最大提升幅度分别为18.20%和25.01%，这是由于小层短纤维增强树脂建立了更牢固的结合界面，减小了整体孔隙率；将CFRRBs和SFRRBs的弯曲损伤分为5种类型。与0 mm肋cfrcb相比，10 mm肋cfrcb具有更大的声发射信号平均能量和持续时间；与10 mm肋CFRRB相比，10 mm肋SFRRB的平均声发射能量降低，但平均持续时间延长。该研究为3D打印技术在工程领域的应用提供了更多的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation and performance research of PDLC films with low haze and high UV resistance 低雾度高抗紫外线PDLC薄膜的制备及性能研究

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109516

Jianjun Xu

In this paper, a low haze and high stability polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film was prepared by using a new type of fully hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer (HSBC) as the substrate. The results show that, by replacing the traditional commercial PET film with HSBC film, the on-state haze of the PDLC film prepared is reduced by 36 %, and the on-state transmittance is increased by 4 %. After 800 cycles of switching off, the electro-optical performance changes minimally, and simultaneously, PDLC films showed high stability, with no significant changes in light transmittance before and after 200 h of irradiation in the UV aging box. When the acrylate crosslinking agent with moderate chain length (PEGDA400) is used, the prepared films have excellent electro-optic and temperature domain comprehensive properties, with a fast decay time of 4.8 s at −30℃ and a high contrast ratio of 38 at 100 ℃, and this film has a good viewing angle and cycling stability. By using HSBC film instead of PET film, it has a reference significance for further improving the comprehensive performance of PDLC.

本文以一种新型的全氢化丁苯共聚物（HSBC）为衬底，制备了低雾度、高稳定性的聚合物分散液晶（PDLC）薄膜。结果表明，用HSBC薄膜代替传统商用PET薄膜，制备的PDLC薄膜的导态雾度降低了36%，导态透过率提高了4%。经过800次关机循环后，PDLC薄膜的电光性能变化最小，同时薄膜稳定性高，在UV老化箱中辐照200 h前后透光率无明显变化。当使用中等链长丙烯酸酯交联剂（PEGDA400）时，制备的薄膜具有优异的电光和温度域综合性能，在−30℃下快速衰减时间为4.8 s，在100℃下对比度高达38，并且该薄膜具有良好的视角和循环稳定性。采用HSBC薄膜代替PET薄膜，对进一步提高PDLC的综合性能具有借鉴意义。

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure evolution and deformation mechanism of precursor-derived (TiB + TiC + Ti3Si)/TC4 composites 前驱体衍生(TiB + TiC + Ti3Si)/TC4复合材料的组织演变及变形机理

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109513

Zhaoxin Zhong , Shini Xia , Jian Ye , Lianbing Zhong , Wenhao Zhang , Zhiyong Fang , Biao Zhang , Feng Ye

In this study, the in-situ derived (TiB + TiC + Ti₃Si)/TC4 composites were prepared by employing the boron-modified polysilazane polymer as a source of B, C, and Si. The hybrid reinforcements architecture comprises ultralong TiB nanowires and micron-sized spherical TiC particles distributed at grain boundaries, integrated with submicron rod-shaped Ti₃Si particles located at α/β-Ti phase boundaries. The microstructure evolution and hot deformation behavior of these composites were investigated within the temperature range of 900–1020 °C and strain rates of 0.001–1 s⁻¹, focusing on softening mechanisms, dynamic recrystallization (DRX), dynamic recovery (DRV), and the dynamic materials model. The hybrid reinforcements significantly influence dislocation movement and distribution, altering deformation energy dissipation and facilitating DRX and DRV across various thermomechanical conditions. Consequently, the resulting microstructures exhibit substantial grain refinement and equiaxed grains. This work advances understanding of hot deformation mechanisms in titanium matrix composites reinforced with precursor-derived hybrid architectures and supports the development of (TiB + TiC + Ti₃Si)/TC4 composites for broad industrial applications.

本研究以硼修饰的聚硅氮烷聚合物作为B、C、Si的来源，制备了原位衍生的(TiB + TiC + Ti3Si)/TC4复合材料。混合增强体系结构包括超长TiB纳米线和分布在晶界的微米级球形TiC颗粒，以及位于α/β-Ti相界的亚微米棒状Ti3Si颗粒。研究了复合材料在900 ~ 1020℃、应变速率为0.001 ~ 1 s−1范围内的微观组织演变和热变形行为，重点研究了复合材料的软化机制、动态再结晶（DRX）、动态恢复（DRV）和动态材料模型。混杂增强材料显著影响位错的运动和分布，改变变形能量耗散，促进不同热力学条件下的DRX和DRV。因此，所得到的显微组织表现出明显的晶粒细化和等轴晶粒。这项工作促进了对钛基复合材料的热变形机制的理解，并支持了(TiB + TiC + Ti3Si)/TC4复合材料的广泛工业应用。

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引用次数: 0

Piperazine bisphosphate-modified basalt fiber/epoxy composites with enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties 增强阻燃性和力学性能的二磷酸哌嗪改性玄武岩纤维/环氧复合材料

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109518

Xiao-Hui Shi , Wen-Jie Zhou , Qing-Yun Liu , Huan Luo , Cheng-Yue Jing , De-Yi Wang (Corresponding Author.)

To develop basalt fiber (BF)-reinforced epoxy resins (EP) with enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical performance, a phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing flame retardant (PAP) was synthesized. With only 4 wt% loading, PAP effectively improved flame retardancy, suppressed smoke generation, and enhanced mechanical properties. Specifically, owing to the dual flame-retardant action of PAP operating in both the gaseous and condensed phases as evidenced by analysis of char residue and pyrolysis products, EP/4PAP and BF/EP/4PAP achieved limiting oxygen index values of 29.2 % and 40.7 %, respectively, both satisfying the UL-94 V-0 rating. Moreover, the peak heat release rate of EP/4PAP and BF/EP/4PAP decreased by 24.9 % and 26.6 %, while total smoke production was reduced by 30.9 % and 21.1 %, respectively. Benefiting from the favorable compatibility between PAP and EP, both impact strength and flexural strength were enhanced compared to EP and BF/EP. This study presents a promising approach for simultaneously improving the fire safety and mechanical performance of epoxy thermosets and their composites for advanced applications.

为开发玄武岩纤维（BF）增强环氧树脂（EP）的阻燃性能和力学性能，合成了一种含磷含氮阻燃剂（PAP）。只有4 wt%的负载，PAP有效地改善了阻燃性，抑制了烟雾的产生，并增强了机械性能。其中，由于PAP在气相和凝聚相均有阻燃作用，EP/4PAP和BF/EP/4PAP的极限氧指数分别为29.2%和40.7%，均满足UL-94 V-0等级要求。EP/4PAP和BF/EP/4PAP的峰值放热率分别下降了24.9%和26.6%，总产烟量分别下降了30.9%和21.1%。得益于PAP与EP的良好相容性，与EP和BF/EP相比，冲击强度和弯曲强度都得到了提高。该研究为同时提高环氧热固性材料及其复合材料的防火安全性和机械性能提供了一种有前途的方法。

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引用次数: 0