Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111086
Wushuai Liu, Wu Xu
It is of great significance for enhancing the in-plane fracture toughness of 3D woven composite (3DWC) to study the failure mechanism of a single edge notch tension (SENT) test. It requires high computational demand to establish the SENT finite element (FE) model using conformal modeling methods. In this paper, a ternary model is proposed to analyze the damage and fracture of 3DWC. The matrix cracking, yarn rupture, and interface failure between the yarn and matrix are considered. Firstly, the ternary models are verified by the uniaxial tensile tests. Subsequently, the SENT FE models are established using the ternary model. Progressive damage analyses of the SENT tests are conducted. A good consistency of the load-displacement relationships from the SENT FE models and tests is achieved. The failure mechanisms of warp and weft SENT tests are revealed. Finally, the influences of interface failure and yarn fracture toughness on the mechanical behaviors of SENT FE models are discussed. The proposed ternary model can consider the influence of interface failure on the mechanical behavior of 3DWC, compared to the binary model. It is much more efficient than the conformal modeling methods.
{"title":"Progressive damage analysis of 3D woven composite single-edge notch tension test using a ternary model","authors":"Wushuai Liu, Wu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is of great significance for enhancing the in-plane fracture toughness of 3D woven composite (3DWC) to study the failure mechanism of a single edge notch tension (SENT) test. It requires high computational demand to establish the SENT finite element (FE) model using conformal modeling methods. In this paper, a ternary model is proposed to analyze the damage and fracture of 3DWC. The matrix cracking, yarn rupture, and interface failure between the yarn and matrix are considered. Firstly, the ternary models are verified by the uniaxial tensile tests. Subsequently, the SENT FE models are established using the ternary model. Progressive damage analyses of the SENT tests are conducted. A good consistency of the load-displacement relationships from the SENT FE models and tests is achieved. The failure mechanisms of warp and weft SENT tests are revealed. Finally, the influences of interface failure and yarn fracture toughness on the mechanical behaviors of SENT FE models are discussed. The proposed ternary model can consider the influence of interface failure on the mechanical behavior of 3DWC, compared to the binary model. It is much more efficient than the conformal modeling methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 111086"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An innovative design freedom named as induce surface electromagnetic wave twisting was proposed in this work to address the electromagnetic absorption efficiency degradation of wave-absorbing structures under external impact damage modes. Phase gradient metasurfaces with different patterns and construction materials were smoothly transitioned along three spatial dimensions to induce the generation and directional transmission of surface waves. Besides, periodic 3D spiral waveguide channels were constructed through delicate design of gaps inside different patterns which was confirmed effective absorption of large angle oblique incident waves via theoretical calculations. Reflection loss less than −10 dB in 4–18 GHz frequency band when the penetrating damage proportion less than 40 % at an incident angle of 0–45°. A symmetric model was further proposed to reveal special energy absorption and conversion mechanisms. Our study provides a novel design freedom for damage tolerant electromagnetic absorption structures.
{"title":"3D phase gradient induced surface wave torsion metastructure for anomalous electromagnetic damage tolerance","authors":"Yiming Zhao, Jianwei Zhang, Xianrui Sun, Xinyuan Lv, Yonglyu He, Yulin Zhang, Qifeng Jin, Suli Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An innovative design freedom named as induce surface electromagnetic wave twisting was proposed in this work to address the electromagnetic absorption efficiency degradation of wave-absorbing structures under external impact damage modes. Phase gradient metasurfaces with different patterns and construction materials were smoothly transitioned along three spatial dimensions to induce the generation and directional transmission of surface waves. Besides, periodic 3D spiral waveguide channels were constructed through delicate design of gaps inside different patterns which was confirmed effective absorption of large angle oblique incident waves via theoretical calculations. Reflection loss less than −10 dB in 4–18 GHz frequency band when the penetrating damage proportion less than 40 % at an incident angle of 0–45°. A symmetric model was further proposed to reveal special energy absorption and conversion mechanisms. Our study provides a novel design freedom for damage tolerant electromagnetic absorption structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111088"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A simple and efficient micromechanical model of unidirectional discontinuous-fiber composites (UDC) is critical for predicting the mechanical properties of injection molded fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (IMFT). A new explicit expression of longitudinal modulus E11 is constructed by introducing a fiber aspect ratio weight function considering to the advantages of Cox shear lag model and Halpin-Tsai model. The Halpin-Tsai model is modified by introducing an equivalent fiber aspect ratio to study the variation of transverse modulus E22 with fiber aspect ratio l/a. Based on the stress distribution of Hsueh model in RVE, a simple explicit expression of Poisson's ratio v12 is derived by using average approximation method and mixing principle, which can reduce the Halpin-Tsai equation. Poisson's ratio v23 is deduced by assuming that the Poisson's ratio properties are isotropic, and then the underestimation of shear modulus G23 is corrected by the modified Halpin-Tsai model for v23 based on reverse engineering. The Halpin-Tsai model is modified by introducing an equivalent fiber aspect ratio to study the variation of shear modulus G12 with l/a. The validity of the novel semi-empirical analytical model is verified by compared with the prediction results of other famous models (including finite element method) and experimental results. In addition, the elastic moduli of IMFT were predicted well, which indirectly demonstrates the superiority of the novel modified model.
{"title":"A novel semi-empirical analytical method for stiffness prediction of unidirectional discontinuous-fiber composites","authors":"Dayong Huang , Wenjun Wang , Xiaofu Tang , Pengfei Zhu , Xianqiong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A simple and efficient micromechanical model of unidirectional discontinuous-fiber composites (UDC) is critical for predicting the mechanical properties of injection molded fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (IMFT). A new explicit expression of longitudinal modulus <em>E</em><sub>11</sub> is constructed by introducing a fiber aspect ratio weight function considering to the advantages of Cox shear lag model and Halpin-Tsai model. The Halpin-Tsai model is modified by introducing an equivalent fiber aspect ratio to study the variation of transverse modulus <em>E</em><sub>22</sub> with fiber aspect ratio <em>l</em>/<em>a</em>. Based on the stress distribution of Hsueh model in RVE, a simple explicit expression of Poisson's ratio <em>v</em><sub>12</sub> is derived by using average approximation method and mixing principle, which can reduce the Halpin-Tsai equation. Poisson's ratio <em>v</em><sub>23</sub> is deduced by assuming that the Poisson's ratio properties are isotropic, and then the underestimation of shear modulus <em>G</em><sub>23</sub> is corrected by the modified Halpin-Tsai model for <em>v</em><sub>23</sub> based on reverse engineering. The Halpin-Tsai model is modified by introducing an equivalent fiber aspect ratio to study the variation of shear modulus <em>G</em><sub>12</sub> with <em>l</em>/<em>a</em>. The validity of the novel semi-empirical analytical model is verified by compared with the prediction results of other famous models (including finite element method) and experimental results. In addition, the elastic moduli of IMFT were predicted well, which indirectly demonstrates the superiority of the novel modified model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111087"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111084
Osman Bayrak , Mikhail Tashkinov , Vadim V. Silberschmidt , Emrah Demirci
Mechanical properties of nanocomposites are directly affected by their microstructures. Orientation distribution of nano-reinforcements, one of the critical microstructural parameters, is, therefore, of great importance. However, methods to quantify their orientation are limited. Many studies employ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for qualitative characterisation of orientation distribution of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in nanocomposites. However, there is no report in the literature that does it quantitatively based on TEM micrographs. In this study, a method for the use of TEM in quantitative characterisation of the orientation distribution of GNPs in nanocomposites is suggested. Materials used for this purpose were sodium alginate nanocomposites reinforced with GNPs. In order to assess the effectiveness of the suggested method, finite-element (FE) models of representative volume elements (RVEs) of the nanocomposites were developed based on the GNPs' orientation distribution data. Elastic-range tensile tests of these composites were simulated with the RVEs. The simulation results were compared with the data from experiments reported in our previous study. A strong correlation between the obtained results of numerical simulations and the experimental data was observed. Young's moduli of the nanocomposites, calculated with the simulations, were slightly higher than those from the experiments. A discrepancy of less than 4 % in the Young's moduli can be attributed to other microstructural parameters such as spatial distribution nonuniformity, wrinkling and dimensional variation of the GNPs, which were not taken into account in the FE models. Some micromechanical models were also implemented in order to assess their capability to predict the effect of GNP orientation distributions on stiffness of the nanocomposites. The Krenchel orientation factors were incorporated into the models for this purpose. This study shows that the quantitative characterisation of orientation distribution of graphene in nanocomposites is achievable through TEM analyses with the suggested methodology and can be used to underpin analysis of their properties and performance.
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of orientation distribution of graphene platelets in nanocomposites using TEM","authors":"Osman Bayrak , Mikhail Tashkinov , Vadim V. Silberschmidt , Emrah Demirci","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical properties of nanocomposites are directly affected by their microstructures. Orientation distribution of nano-reinforcements, one of the critical microstructural parameters, is, therefore, of great importance. However, methods to quantify their orientation are limited. Many studies employ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for qualitative characterisation of orientation distribution of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in nanocomposites. However, there is no report in the literature that does it quantitatively based on TEM micrographs. In this study, a method for the use of TEM in quantitative characterisation of the orientation distribution of GNPs in nanocomposites is suggested. Materials used for this purpose were sodium alginate nanocomposites reinforced with GNPs. In order to assess the effectiveness of the suggested method, finite-element (FE) models of representative volume elements (RVEs) of the nanocomposites were developed based on the GNPs' orientation distribution data. Elastic-range tensile tests of these composites were simulated with the RVEs. The simulation results were compared with the data from experiments reported in our previous study. A strong correlation between the obtained results of numerical simulations and the experimental data was observed. Young's moduli of the nanocomposites, calculated with the simulations, were slightly higher than those from the experiments. A discrepancy of less than 4 % in the Young's moduli can be attributed to other microstructural parameters such as spatial distribution nonuniformity, wrinkling and dimensional variation of the GNPs, which were not taken into account in the FE models. Some micromechanical models were also implemented in order to assess their capability to predict the effect of GNP orientation distributions on stiffness of the nanocomposites. The Krenchel orientation factors were incorporated into the models for this purpose. This study shows that the quantitative characterisation of orientation distribution of graphene in nanocomposites is achievable through TEM analyses with the suggested methodology and can be used to underpin analysis of their properties and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111084"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111085
Junfeng Ding, Li Zhang, Tao Zheng, Shangyang Yu, Licheng Guo
A 3D elasto-plastic damage (EPD) model for fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has been developed in this study, which integrates a new fiber kinking criterion based on plastic deformation theory and employs an efficient formulation for elasto-plastic updates. The 3D hydrostatic pressure-sensitive plasticity model is embedded into the fiber kinking criterion based on the proportional loading condition, accounting for the objectivity and hydrostatic pressure sensitivity in fiber rotation calculations. Moreover, a transversely isotropic damage constitutive model is constructed with an exponential damage evolution law dependent on the matrix fracture angle. In the elasto-plastic update process of the 3D hydrostatic pressure-sensitive plasticity model, a novel one-equation integration algorithm is developed through the application of variable substitution in the backward Euler implicit scheme. Compared with the direct seven-equation integration algorithm, this one-equation integration algorithm is greatly more efficient, and it could easily improve convergence because it involves only one nonlinear equation. The 3D EPD model is employed to predict the open-hole compression (OHC) strengths and damage patterns of FRP composites, corresponding well with experimental data and providing better accuracy than the model without plasticity. Particularly, the parametric study exhibits that fiber initial misalignments greatly influence the OHC performance and should be calculated accurately.
{"title":"A 3D elasto-plastic damage model for fiber-reinforced polymer composites with fiber kinking: Formulation and efficient numerical implementation","authors":"Junfeng Ding, Li Zhang, Tao Zheng, Shangyang Yu, Licheng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 3D elasto-plastic damage (EPD) model for fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has been developed in this study, which integrates a new fiber kinking criterion based on plastic deformation theory and employs an efficient formulation for elasto-plastic updates. The 3D hydrostatic pressure-sensitive plasticity model is embedded into the fiber kinking criterion based on the proportional loading condition, accounting for the objectivity and hydrostatic pressure sensitivity in fiber rotation calculations. Moreover, a transversely isotropic damage constitutive model is constructed with an exponential damage evolution law dependent on the matrix fracture angle. In the elasto-plastic update process of the 3D hydrostatic pressure-sensitive plasticity model, a novel one-equation integration algorithm is developed through the application of variable substitution in the backward Euler implicit scheme. Compared with the direct seven-equation integration algorithm, this one-equation integration algorithm is greatly more efficient, and it could easily improve convergence because it involves only one nonlinear equation. The 3D EPD model is employed to predict the open-hole compression (OHC) strengths and damage patterns of FRP composites, corresponding well with experimental data and providing better accuracy than the model without plasticity. Particularly, the parametric study exhibits that fiber initial misalignments greatly influence the OHC performance and should be calculated accurately.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 111085"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111083
Zhongtao Xu , Yuhan Chen , Kaiyu Li , Yao Zhang , Yuan Liang , Hai Wan , Wenbin Jin , Shuohan Huang , Peng Wei , Yuwei Chen , Yanping Wang , Yong He , Yumin Xia
A highly conductive strategy for even coating carbon nanomaterials is in great demand for various applications. We introduce a conductive modification technique that is universally applicable to a range of substrates. It involves enhancing surface electronegativity by dip-coating various substrates with tannic acid (TA) and ferric chloride (FeCl3) solutions. The process was further refined by the ability of imidazolyl poly (ionic liquid) (PIL-Cl) to disperse carbon black (CB) in water. The conductive modification of various substrate surfaces was facilitated based on electrostatic interactions between the TA-Fe3+ coating and the CB-(PIL-Cl) dispersion. Meanwhile, to demonstrate the potential of this approach in fabricating materials for wearable sensors, we have fabricated conductive PET fabrics (PTFA@CB). These PTFA@CB fabrics serve as strain sensors, capable of tracking human movement. Additionally, the multi-layer fabric stack design can function as a pressure sensor, providing feedback on pressure coordinates and detecting gripping motions. In addition, the TA-Fe3+ coating makes PTFA@CB significantly hydrophilic, which improves their responsiveness to humidity. The method described in this paper can be extended to deposit carbon nanomaterials onto various substrates with diverse shapes and properties. The process we developed offers a simple, convenient, and environmentally friendly approach for preparing conductive substrates, with the potential for scalable production.
{"title":"One-step assembly of conductive coatings from polyphenol and Nanocarbon-PIL: A versatile approach for fabricating multifunctional sensors","authors":"Zhongtao Xu , Yuhan Chen , Kaiyu Li , Yao Zhang , Yuan Liang , Hai Wan , Wenbin Jin , Shuohan Huang , Peng Wei , Yuwei Chen , Yanping Wang , Yong He , Yumin Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A highly conductive strategy for even coating carbon nanomaterials is in great demand for various applications. We introduce a conductive modification technique that is universally applicable to a range of substrates. It involves enhancing surface electronegativity by dip-coating various substrates with tannic acid (TA) and ferric chloride (FeCl<sub>3</sub>) solutions. The process was further refined by the ability of imidazolyl poly (ionic liquid) (PIL-Cl) to disperse carbon black (CB) in water. The conductive modification of various substrate surfaces was facilitated based on electrostatic interactions between the TA-Fe<sup>3+</sup> coating and the CB-(PIL-Cl) dispersion. Meanwhile, to demonstrate the potential of this approach in fabricating materials for wearable sensors, we have fabricated conductive PET fabrics (PTFA@CB). These PTFA@CB fabrics serve as strain sensors, capable of tracking human movement. Additionally, the multi-layer fabric stack design can function as a pressure sensor, providing feedback on pressure coordinates and detecting gripping motions. In addition, the TA-Fe<sup>3+</sup> coating makes PTFA@CB significantly hydrophilic, which improves their responsiveness to humidity. The method described in this paper can be extended to deposit carbon nanomaterials onto various substrates with diverse shapes and properties. The process we developed offers a simple, convenient, and environmentally friendly approach for preparing conductive substrates, with the potential for scalable production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111083"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111082
Qianqian Yu , Haijun Wang , Yisha Ma , Shaojuan Wang , Jian Hu , Hao Zhang , Tong Wang , Leipeng Liu , Shouke Yan
The rapid development of modern electronic and electrical applications has attracted extensive attention to dielectric polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constant and energy density. In this study, an organic-inorganic homogeneous composite with improved phase interface was prepared by physically cross-linking amorphous calcium sulfate oligomers (CSOs) with PVDF chains. The dielectric properties and energy storage properties of the composite films were improved by controlling the microstructure of PVDF composite films by CSOs. The results show that the addition of CSOs has a strong inducing effect on the polarity of PVDF, while reducing the crystallinity and crystallite size of PVDF, thereby improving the breakdown performance of the composites. When the applied electric field is 324 kV/mm, the maximum energy storage density is 16.12 J/cm3 and the energy storage efficiency is maintained at 87.17 %. Therefore, this work provides a new strategy for the preparation of high-performance polymer-based energy storage materials.
{"title":"Organic-inorganic crosslinking PVDF composites for high storage densities","authors":"Qianqian Yu , Haijun Wang , Yisha Ma , Shaojuan Wang , Jian Hu , Hao Zhang , Tong Wang , Leipeng Liu , Shouke Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid development of modern electronic and electrical applications has attracted extensive attention to dielectric polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constant and energy density. In this study, an organic-inorganic homogeneous composite with improved phase interface was prepared by physically cross-linking amorphous calcium sulfate oligomers (CSOs) with PVDF chains. The dielectric properties and energy storage properties of the composite films were improved by controlling the microstructure of PVDF composite films by CSOs. The results show that the addition of CSOs has a strong inducing effect on the polarity of PVDF, while reducing the crystallinity and crystallite size of PVDF, thereby improving the breakdown performance of the composites. When the applied electric field is 324 kV/mm, the maximum energy storage density is 16.12 J/cm<sup>3</sup> and the energy storage efficiency is maintained at 87.17 %. Therefore, this work provides a new strategy for the preparation of high-performance polymer-based energy storage materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111082"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111079
Weijun Zhu, Long Fu, Quan Zhi, Zhikun Zhang, Ning Wang, Yingying Zhang, Dongsheng Li
Poor interlaminar performance is still the major problem for 3D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites, especially when the fiber content is over 50 %. In this work, an ultrasound and plasma-assisted 3D printing method was proposed towards the synergistic interlaminar strengthening. Fiber-matrix interface defects at the interlaminar zone were identified by a comparison study, which are the causes behind the poor interlaminar properties for high fiber content composites. Experimental and modeling approaches were used to study the effects of printing and strengthening parameters on interlaminar properties. The physical and chemical effects of ultrasound and plasma on material microstructure was investigated and a synergistic effect model was presented. The proposed synergistic strengthening method can greatly reduce the porosity, from 14 % to 3 %, enhance interlayer bonding strength, and result in a 54.17 % increase in interlaminar shear strength. Better interlaminar properties have positive implications for other mechanical properties, e.g. the tensile strength and modulus can reach approximately 1254 MPa and 89 GPa, respectively.
{"title":"Synergistic interlaminar strengthening of high-content continuous fiber reinforced composites via ultrasound and plasma-assisted 3D printing","authors":"Weijun Zhu, Long Fu, Quan Zhi, Zhikun Zhang, Ning Wang, Yingying Zhang, Dongsheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poor interlaminar performance is still the major problem for 3D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites, especially when the fiber content is over 50 %. In this work, an ultrasound and plasma-assisted 3D printing method was proposed towards the synergistic interlaminar strengthening. Fiber-matrix interface defects at the interlaminar zone were identified by a comparison study, which are the causes behind the poor interlaminar properties for high fiber content composites. Experimental and modeling approaches were used to study the effects of printing and strengthening parameters on interlaminar properties. The physical and chemical effects of ultrasound and plasma on material microstructure was investigated and a synergistic effect model was presented. The proposed synergistic strengthening method can greatly reduce the porosity, from 14 % to 3 %, enhance interlayer bonding strength, and result in a 54.17 % increase in interlaminar shear strength. Better interlaminar properties have positive implications for other mechanical properties, e.g. the tensile strength and modulus can reach approximately 1254 MPa and 89 GPa, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 111079"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111080
Xiaoling He , Wenjian Zhang , Yuanjun Yang , Guannan Yang , Yu Zhang , Guanghan Huang , Jiye Luo , Chengqiang Cui , Xinxin Sheng
The thermal management challenge in microelectronic products is a critical issue that must be addressed in the future era of intelligent technology. In this study, a phase change composite (CNCC-10), featuring a triple-encapsulated phase change material network and dual thermal conductive channels, was developed by compounding custom “rod-brush” structured CFs-CNTs (carbon nanotubes were grown on the surface of carbon fiber) filler with n-Docosane, ethylene propylene diene monomer, and metal foam via vacuum impregnation and hot pressing. The resulting material demonstrates remarkable shape stability alongside a high thermal conductivity of 3.15 W⋅m−1⋅K−1. In simulated chip operation tests, CNCC-10 not only delayed the rise in chip operating temperature but also steadily and consistently reduced the chip's working temperature by 12 °C. Under conditions of intense heat release and transient high-energy thermal shocks, CNCC-10 decreased the chip's working temperature by 23.15 °C and 50.1 °C, respectively, addressing the heating challenges under varying conditions. The integration of high thermal conductivity with phase change driven intelligent temperature control enables CNCC-10 to deliver exceptional chip thermal management performance and multi-source drive thermal management capabilities. This study provides a valuable reference for designing multifunctional thermal management materials for applications such as microelectronic devices, and artificial intelligence systems.
{"title":"Triple-network structured phase change composite based on “rod-brush” CNTs-CFs with high thermal conductivity","authors":"Xiaoling He , Wenjian Zhang , Yuanjun Yang , Guannan Yang , Yu Zhang , Guanghan Huang , Jiye Luo , Chengqiang Cui , Xinxin Sheng","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal management challenge in microelectronic products is a critical issue that must be addressed in the future era of intelligent technology. In this study, a phase change composite (CNCC-10), featuring a triple-encapsulated phase change material network and dual thermal conductive channels, was developed by compounding custom “rod-brush” structured CFs-CNTs (carbon nanotubes were grown on the surface of carbon fiber) filler with n-Docosane, ethylene propylene diene monomer, and metal foam via vacuum impregnation and hot pressing. The resulting material demonstrates remarkable shape stability alongside a high thermal conductivity of 3.15 W⋅m<sup>−1</sup>⋅K<sup>−1</sup>. In simulated chip operation tests, CNCC-10 not only delayed the rise in chip operating temperature but also steadily and consistently reduced the chip's working temperature by 12 °C. Under conditions of intense heat release and transient high-energy thermal shocks, CNCC-10 decreased the chip's working temperature by 23.15 °C and 50.1 °C, respectively, addressing the heating challenges under varying conditions. The integration of high thermal conductivity with phase change driven intelligent temperature control enables CNCC-10 to deliver exceptional chip thermal management performance and multi-source drive thermal management capabilities. This study provides a valuable reference for designing multifunctional thermal management materials for applications such as microelectronic devices, and artificial intelligence systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111080"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111081
Siwen Deng , Mingyao Dai , Bodu Fang , Yanqin Huang , Shulong Zeng , Zhunan Huang , Jiahui Xue , Xiaodong Li , Shaohong Shi , Fangchao Cheng
Creating novel, high-efficiency and multi-functional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with high absorption attenuation is crucially important for integrated electronic devices. Herein, heterogeneous polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/graphene (Gr)@multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/CoFe2O4 multilayer films featuring electric-magnetic coupling were fabricated through a facile vacuum filtration method. The asymmetric layered architecture was composed of a flexible PAN electrospun nanofiber mat, an electrically conductive hybrid of Gr@MWCNTs, and a layer of insulating CoFe2O4 particles. The nanosized magnetic CoFe2O4 particles with unique magnetic hysteresis loss and natural resonance were synthesized by hydrothermal method and deposited on the conductive layer, to improve the impedance matching and reduce the electromagnetic wave (EMW) reflection. As a consequence, after incorporating the CoFe2O4 layer, the EMW absorption loss (SEA) was improved from 21.7 to 25.7 dB. Furthermore, the hybrid conductive network was regulated by altering the ratio of two-dimensional (2D) Gr to one-dimensional (1D) MWCNTs, to endow the well-designed multilayer films with a high EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 40.1 dB and a superior specific shielding effectiveness (SSE) of 326.3 dB/mm. By virtue of the fine-tuned Gr@MWCNTs conductive network, the PAN/Gr@MWCNTs/CoFe2O4 multilayer films exhibited excellent Joule heating performance, with high sensitivity, low driving voltage, rapid response, superior cycling stability and long-term durability. The multilayer films could be controllably heated to 114.1 °C within 5 s under a low input voltage of 3.00 V. This work presents a viable strategy for exploiting functional materials that exhibit excellent EMI shielding and thermal management performance, suitable for applications in electronics operating at extremely low temperatures.
{"title":"Assembly of PAN/Gr@MWCNTs/CoFe2O4 multilayer composite films for high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding and Joule heating","authors":"Siwen Deng , Mingyao Dai , Bodu Fang , Yanqin Huang , Shulong Zeng , Zhunan Huang , Jiahui Xue , Xiaodong Li , Shaohong Shi , Fangchao Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Creating novel, high-efficiency and multi-functional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with high absorption attenuation is crucially important for integrated electronic devices. Herein, heterogeneous polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/graphene (Gr)@multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> multilayer films featuring electric-magnetic coupling were fabricated through a facile vacuum filtration method. The asymmetric layered architecture was composed of a flexible PAN electrospun nanofiber mat, an electrically conductive hybrid of Gr@MWCNTs, and a layer of insulating CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles. The nanosized magnetic CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles with unique magnetic hysteresis loss and natural resonance were synthesized by hydrothermal method and deposited on the conductive layer, to improve the impedance matching and reduce the electromagnetic wave (EMW) reflection. As a consequence, after incorporating the CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> layer, the EMW absorption loss (SE<sub>A</sub>) was improved from 21.7 to 25.7 dB. Furthermore, the hybrid conductive network was regulated by altering the ratio of two-dimensional (2D) Gr to one-dimensional (1D) MWCNTs, to endow the well-designed multilayer films with a high EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 40.1 dB and a superior specific shielding effectiveness (SSE) of 326.3 dB/mm. By virtue of the fine-tuned Gr@MWCNTs conductive network, the PAN/Gr@MWCNTs/CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> multilayer films exhibited excellent Joule heating performance, with high sensitivity, low driving voltage, rapid response, superior cycling stability and long-term durability. The multilayer films could be controllably heated to 114.1 °C within 5 s under a low input voltage of 3.00 V. This work presents a viable strategy for exploiting functional materials that exhibit excellent EMI shielding and thermal management performance, suitable for applications in electronics operating at extremely low temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 111081"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号