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Journal of Human Sport and Exercise - 2019 - Spring Conferences of Sports Science最新文献

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The movement: Complexity and reductionism, evidence in comparison 运动:复杂性和还原论,比较中的证据
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.18
F. Domenico, Simona Fattore, T. D’Isanto
The study of movement often contrasts complexity and reductionism. movement analysis helps to justify the reductionist model with data, aesthetic analysis contributes with the use of indicators, descriptors, weights. There is no evaluation model integrated with the contribution of perception to approach the evaluation with a more complex model. The aim of the study is to measure the motor skills of jumping, speed of execution, reaction times and agility, with a global view of the movement in addition to the whole of the individual acts to consider that the various destructured unit values are inseparable elements of a single set and which, according to the non-linear complexity, are mutually determined. The method is experimental research through the recruitment of data with questionnaires and surveys prepared with the Google Forms platform and the evaluation of motor gestures with technological tools: Optojump Next. The sample is represented by a group of 25 students of the three-year bachelor’s degree in Exercise Science from the University of Salerno, aged between 20 and 27 years. the results of the initial data confirm the impossibility of breaking down the movement into simpler parts in order to understand how it works because it emerges that the movement must be considered in its entirety. the integrated use of quantitative biomechanical and qualitative educational evaluation can be achieved with self-assessment and enabling self-esteem. In conclusion, the study can be useful for identifying the areas of performance to be analysed in order to form the physical and sport educational professional skills most dedicated to evaluation.
对运动的研究经常将复杂性和还原论进行对比。运动分析有助于用数据证明还原论模型的正确性,美学分析有助于使用指标、描述符和权重。目前还没有综合了感知贡献的评价模型来用更复杂的模型来进行评价。本研究的目的是测量跳跃的运动技能、执行速度、反应时间和敏捷性,除了整体的个人行为外,还从整体的运动角度考虑到各种破坏单元值是一个单一集合中不可分割的元素,并且根据非线性复杂性,它们是相互确定的。本研究采用实验研究的方法,通过谷歌Forms平台准备的问卷和调查收集数据,利用Optojump Next技术工具对运动手势进行评估。样本由25名来自萨莱诺大学的三年制运动科学学士学位学生组成,年龄在20至27岁之间。最初数据的结果证实,不可能把运动分解成更简单的部分来理解它是如何工作的,因为它表明,运动必须从整体上考虑。定量生物力学和定性教育评价的综合应用可以通过自我评估和培养自尊来实现。总之,这项研究有助于确定要分析的表现领域,以便形成最专门用于评价的体育和体育教育专业技能。
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引用次数: 4
Modern approaches to the development of the sport education system in developed countries 发达国家体育教育体系发展的现代途径
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.08
A. Chemerilovai, N. Myagkovas, V. Litvinovs, L. Chuvakhina, N. Rabotnikova
The problems of sport educational preparation are in the center of attention of the leadership of many countries. Educational training is considered as a factor of competitiveness in the labor market, taking into account the peculiarities of the modern economy. In the 21st century, the sources of economic growth are changing qualitatively. Intellectual production resources take priority. A person with fundamental educational and professional knowledge becomes the main factor in the economy. The principles of continuity of education, integration of general educational and vocational training are leading. Purposeful formation of a qualified employee begins in the upper grades of secondary schools, which is especially evident in the example of the United States. Today, in the face of growing competition in the global labor market, the main task is to ensure that pupils receive secondary education and are prepared for entry to colleges and universities. Education is financed by public and private funds. Increasing the availability of education for various categories of citizens allows developed countries to dominate in the world economy.
体育教育准备问题是各国领导普遍关注的问题。考虑到现代经济的特点,教育培训被认为是劳动力市场竞争力的一个因素。在21世纪,经济增长的来源正在发生质的变化。智力生产资源优先。具有基础教育和专业知识的人成为经济的主要因素。教育的连续性、通识教育与职业培训相结合的原则是领先的。有目的地培养合格员工始于中学高年级,这在美国的例子中尤为明显。今天,面对全球劳动力市场日益激烈的竞争,主要任务是确保学生接受中等教育,并为进入学院和大学做好准备。教育由公共和私人基金资助。提高各类公民接受教育的机会,可以使发达国家在世界经济中占据主导地位。
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引用次数: 1
The role of the extra physical activity on memory storage and psychosocial features 额外的体力活动对记忆储存和社会心理特征的作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.57
G. Russo, F. Nigro, G. Raiola, A. Ceciliani
The present research investigated the role of the physical activity on cognitive functions and psychosocial characteristics. Pre-adolescent children of a middle School of Rimini participated to extra physical activities (EPA) organised by the school. They performed a Free Recall memory Test (Nielson, Radtke & Jensen, 1996) and filled the self-esteem questionnaire (Rosenberg, 1965) and their results were compared with a group of students that did not performed the activity proposed (non-EPA). Moreover, to control the level of physical activity of the sample, participants filled the International activity questionnaire. The results showed that the students who participated to the extra physical activities had high self-esteem compared to the non-EPA group, while no differences between the groups emerged from the Free Recall Memory test.
本研究探讨了体育活动对认知功能和心理社会特征的影响。里米尼一所中学的学龄前儿童参加了学校组织的课外体育活动。他们进行了自由回忆记忆测试(Nielson, Radtke & Jensen, 1996)和自尊问卷(Rosenberg, 1965),并将他们的结果与一组没有进行提议的活动(非epa)的学生进行比较。此外,为了控制样本的身体活动水平,参与者填写了国际活动问卷。结果表明,参加额外体育活动的学生比没有参加epa的学生有更高的自尊,而在自由回忆记忆测试中,两组之间没有差异。
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引用次数: 8
Spanish Winter Olympic athlete’s communication on Instagram 西班牙冬奥会运动员在Instagram上的交流
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.40
Javier Abuín-Penas, M. Martínez-Patiño, María-Isabel Míguez-González
Social media have become an increasingly popular tool for athletes to share content with their followers. This study’s purpose was to contribute to the understanding of athlete communication on Instagram by focusing on the communication strategies of the Spanish Winter Olympic team during 2018, when the PyeongChang Olympic Games were held. Content analysis was performed on 990 Instagram posts collected through the Instagram Scraper tool, analysing a wide variety of data such as the number of likes and comments, the format of the publication, the use hashtags or the text of each post. The data was processed in Excel. Although the analysis is in process, some preliminary results can be provided. All the 13 athletes from the Spanish Olympic team who participated in the PyeongChang Olympic Winter Games use Instagram. His followers range from 1,413 by Imanol Rojoy to 259,432 by Javier Fernandez. In 2018 they published on Instagram between 24 and 191 posts, a total of 990 contributions (90.61% of images and 9.39% of videos), which generated more than 2 and a half million likes and almost 40,000 comments. Findings from these preliminary results suggest that, in general, Instagram is revealed as an effective tool for Olympic athletes when it comes to generating visibility among their audiences and fan engagement increases during the celebration of an international mega event as the Olympic Winter Games.
社交媒体已经成为运动员与粉丝分享内容的一种越来越流行的工具。本研究的目的是通过关注2018年平昌冬奥会期间西班牙冬奥代表队的传播策略,帮助理解运动员在Instagram上的传播。对通过Instagram Scraper工具收集的990条Instagram帖子进行了内容分析,分析了各种各样的数据,如点赞和评论的数量、发布的格式、使用的标签或每篇帖子的文本。数据在Excel中处理。虽然分析还在进行中,但可以提供一些初步结果。参加平昌冬奥会的西班牙奥运代表队的13名运动员都使用了Instagram。他的粉丝从伊玛诺·罗乔伊的1413人到哈维尔·费尔南德斯的259432人不等。2018年,他们在Instagram上发布了24至191条帖子,共990条贡献(90.61%的图片和9.39%的视频),产生了超过250万个赞和近4万条评论。这些初步结果的发现表明,总的来说,Instagram是奥运会运动员在观众中提高知名度的有效工具,在庆祝冬奥会等国际大型活动期间,粉丝的参与度也会增加。
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引用次数: 5
Self-physical and emotional perception in volleyball for drop out 排球运动员退赛后的自我生理和情绪感知
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.64
G. Altavilla, Dante Forte, T. D’Isanto
Very often, during the annual planning and scheduling of the objectives of the various team sports sessions, one is overwhelmed by the fear of lack of time, and very important aspects, erroneously considered secondary, including the psychological aspect, are left out. In volleyball, in order to achieve maximum results, it is necessary to start at a young age and to commit oneself a lot, but not always enough, because it is a selective sport. The purpose of the study is to study, in different groups of athletes (6-9 years, 9-12 years, 14-18 years) of volleyball, how they deal emotionally and physically with the physical and emotional workloads and especially if you find physical and mental well-being. The method of the study is qualitative/quantitative and the administration of 10 questions: 5 to identify the physical self-perception and 5 for the emotional one, is done anonymously. The data shows that the self-perception for physical performance is on average positive and the self-perception for motivation performance is on average negative. This data is significant for the perceptive state of the athletes to whom it is necessary to refer in order to realistically face the problem. Given the data and their significance, the study must be deepened with a more significant and detailed sample of data.
很多时候,在年度计划和安排各种团队运动会议的目标时,人们被缺乏时间的恐惧所淹没,而错误地认为是次要的非常重要的方面,包括心理方面,被忽略了。在排球运动中,为了取得最大的成绩,必须从小开始,并付出很多努力,但并不总是足够的,因为这是一项选择性的运动。这项研究的目的是研究,在不同组的排球运动员(6-9岁,9-12岁,14-18岁)中,他们是如何处理身体和情感上的工作量的,特别是如果你发现身体和心理健康。研究的方法是定性/定量和管理10个问题:5个识别身体自我感知和5个情感自我感知,是匿名完成的。数据显示,体能表现的自我知觉平均为积极,动机表现的自我知觉平均为消极。这些数据对运动员的感知状态有重要意义,为了现实地面对问题,有必要参考运动员的感知状态。考虑到这些数据及其意义,必须用更有意义和更详细的数据样本来深化研究。
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引用次数: 2
Modelling the role of brand community on brand features through Mediation of brand attachment 通过品牌依恋的中介来模拟品牌社区对品牌特征的作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2019.14.PROC4.09
Mehdi Rastegari, Seyad Ehsan Amirhossini, A. Torkfar
The purpose of this study was modelling the role of brand community on brand attributes through Mediation of brand attachment. The statistical population of the study consisted of customers of Iranian sports brands (Daei and Majid) and foreign (Adidas and Leaning) at Shiraz sport shops. According to Morgan's table, 388 people were selected randomly. A 29-item questionnaire was used in a five-point Likert scale. After a semi-structured snowball interview with 15 elites and experts, and using Delphi technique to qualify the questionnaire and confirm its formal and content validity By professors and its internal reliability using Cronbach's alpha test. The statistical methods of factor analysis and structural equation modelling test were used. The findings of the research showed that fitting indices are desirable and indicate confirmation of the model. Therefore, it can be said that the brand community directly and significantly affects the brand's identification and brand identity and attachment with the brand through brand mediation on increasing commitment to the brand community. However, due to the effect of commitment to brand community on brand attachment and, indirectly, their high impact on brand commitment, as well as the identification and identification of brand identity and on commitment to brand community, we can deduce Demonstrating that brand identity has a direct impact on brand commitment and through brand attachment to brand commitment.
本研究旨在透过品牌依恋的中介,建立品牌社群对品牌属性的影响模型。该研究的统计人群包括在设拉子运动商店购买伊朗运动品牌(Daei和Majid)和外国运动品牌(Adidas和Leaning)的顾客。根据摩根的表格,随机抽取了388人。问卷共29项,采用李克特五分制。通过对15位精英和专家进行半结构化雪球式访谈,采用德尔菲法对问卷进行定性,并由教授对问卷的形式效度和内容效度进行验证,采用Cronbach’s alpha检验对问卷进行内部信度验证。采用因子分析和结构方程模型检验的统计方法。研究结果表明,拟合指标是理想的,表明模型是正确的。因此,可以说品牌社区通过品牌中介增加对品牌社区的承诺,直接显著地影响着品牌的认同和品牌对品牌的认同与依恋。然而,由于品牌社区承诺对品牌依恋的影响,间接地,它们对品牌承诺的高影响,以及品牌身份的识别和识别,对品牌社区承诺的影响,我们可以推断,证明品牌认同对品牌承诺有直接影响,并通过品牌依恋对品牌承诺产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
Longitudinal case study of the role of libero in volleyball 排球运动中自由人作用的纵向个案研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.75
Francesca Marra, Matteo Aquino, G. Altavilla
In volleyball, the role of libero is highly specialized compared to the others, thanks to high abilities in the individual fundamental of the Bagher and in the team fundamentals of reception and defence. Therefore, coaches are committed to differentiate training programs from those of the remaining team members and this also affects the checks: in fact, results will have a greater weight compared to the same efficacy measurements of the fundamental of the Bagher of other roles. It’s therefore very useful to monitor, through a series of tests, the work done in the gym: results will help to recalibrate the training plan to combine team goals with needs of the libero. The purpose of this study is to monitor the level of efficacy of the individual fundamental of the Bagher, employed in the following moments of game: free-ball; service receiving; spike defence. To do this, the tests were: Bagher of free-ball in zone 5; receiving Bagher in zone 1 and in zone 6; defence Bagher in zone 5. The method is experimental longitudinal and consists in detecting the initial and final data in a period of time of 8 months for the technical ability in the aforementioned fundamental of a player in the role of libero in series B1. From the results, it comes out that the training activities are constantly monitored and the purpose can be considered achieved, because the coach has verified the athlete's performance level over time noting a final performance improvement, also confirmed by the game-data.
在排球比赛中,自由球员的作用比其他球员更专业,这要归功于他在个人基础和团队基础的接球和防守方面的能力。因此,教练致力于将训练计划与其他团队成员的训练计划区分开来,这也影响了检查:事实上,与其他角色的基础Bagher的相同功效测量相比,结果将具有更大的权重。因此,通过一系列的测试来监测在健身房完成的工作是非常有用的:结果将有助于重新调整训练计划,将团队目标与自由运动员的需求结合起来。本研究的目的是监测Bagher的个人基础在以下比赛时刻的效力水平:任意球;服务接收;高峰辩护。为了做到这一点,测试是:5区自由球的Bagher;接收Bagher在1区和6区;防守巴格尔在第五区。该方法是纵向实验,即在8个月的时间内,对B1系列自由球员上述基础技术能力的初始和最终数据进行检测。从结果来看,训练活动是持续监控的,可以认为达到了目的,因为教练在一段时间内验证了运动员的表现水平,并注意到最终的表现提高,并得到了比赛数据的证实。
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引用次数: 1
Self-physical and emotional perception in water polo for drop out 水球学员的自我生理及情绪知觉
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.73
Ilaria Viscione, P. Invernizzi, F. Ferrara
To try to have a global view of the phenomenon of abandonment, we must ask ourselves what are the main reasons and psychological dynamics that convince a child to start any sport activity. In Italy, unfortunately, it is not always the children who choose the physical and sporting activity to practice, but often it is the parents and this is a serious mistake and could be one of the causes of abandonment at an early age. Sport activity in adolescence, especially practiced at a competitive level, is grafted on ground rich in interpersonal reversals and existential problems, going to affect intrapsychic dynamism and acting on the ability to control the ego and the unconscious dynamics that in this period undergo massive readjustments. The aim of the study is to study, in different groups of athletes (7-12 years, 13-17 years, 17-30 years) of water polo, how they deal emotionally and physically with the physical and emotional workloads and especially if you find physical and mental well-being. The method of the study is qualitative/quantitative and the administration of 10 questions: 5 to identify the physical self-perception and 5 for the emotional one, is done anonymously. The data shows that the self-perception for physical performance is on average positive and the self-perception for motivation performance is on average negative. This data is significant for the perceptive state of the athletes to whom it is necessary to refer in order to face the problem realistically. Given the data and their significance, the study must be deepened with a more significant and detailed sample of data.
为了对遗弃现象有一个全面的认识,我们必须问自己,说服一个孩子开始任何体育活动的主要原因和心理动力是什么。不幸的是,在意大利,并不总是孩子们选择进行体育锻炼,而往往是父母,这是一个严重的错误,可能是导致孩子在很小的时候就被遗弃的原因之一。青少年的体育活动,尤其是竞技水平的体育活动,是嫁接在人际关系逆转和存在问题丰富的基础上的,将影响心理内动力,并对控制自我和无意识动力的能力产生影响,而在这一时期,自我和无意识动力经历了大规模的重新调整。这项研究的目的是研究,在不同组的水球运动员(7-12岁,13-17岁,17-30岁)中,他们是如何处理身体和情感上的工作量的,特别是如果你发现身体和心理健康。研究的方法是定性/定量和管理10个问题:5个识别身体自我感知和5个情感自我感知,是匿名完成的。数据显示,体能表现的自我知觉平均为积极,动机表现的自我知觉平均为消极。这些数据对运动员的感知状态有重要意义,为了现实地面对问题,有必要参考运动员的感知状态。考虑到这些数据及其意义,必须用更有意义和更详细的数据样本来深化研究。
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引用次数: 0
Negative correlation between BMI and perception of physical activity in adolescents 青少年身体质量指数与身体活动感知呈负相关
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2019.14.proc4.69
P. A. D. Tore, Sergio Bellantonio, D. Colella
The development of obesity is a complex problem, conditioned by heterogeneous factors. Despite the impressive amount of research, the phenomenon is difficult to investigate, due to the inadequacy of quantitative methods to assess the negative spiral that triggers between self-efficacy perception and physical activity levels. The present study uses tools from quantitative research relating to conditional motor skills and tools coming from qualitative research relating to psychological factors. The hypothesis is that overweight affects not only motor performance, but also related psychological factors (perceived self-efficacy and enjoyment). The survey was conducted on a group of 177 adolescents (85 males and 92 females) aged between 14 and 18 years in the Puglia region. The subjects, once the quantitative tests were carried out, completed the PAQ_C scales (levels of physical activity in the last week), PACES (Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale) and Motor Self-efficacy questionnaire. Attested a negative relationship between overweight and motor tests results, a Spearman ranks correlation analysis was carried out to investigate the BMI relationship with the scores obtained at the qualitative scales. A negative correlation was identified between BMI and the scores of scales for all subjects (rs = -0.03; -0.15; -0.09 for PAQ_C, PACES and SEM). Based on the analysis of the collected data, adolescents with a high BMI have a high probability of developing adverse perceptions of their effectiveness and facing a high risk of sedentary behaviours.
肥胖的发展是一个复杂的问题,受到多种因素的制约。尽管研究的数量令人印象深刻,但这一现象很难调查,因为定量方法不足以评估自我效能感感知和身体活动水平之间引发的负面螺旋。本研究使用了与条件运动技能相关的定量研究工具和与心理因素相关的定性研究工具。假设超重不仅影响运动表现,还影响相关的心理因素(感知自我效能和享受)。这项调查是在普利亚地区对177名年龄在14至18岁之间的青少年(85名男性和92名女性)进行的。定量测试完成后,受试者完成PAQ_C(上周体育活动水平)量表、pace(体育活动享受量表)和运动自我效能问卷。为了证实超重与运动测试结果之间存在负相关关系,我们进行了Spearman秩相关分析来研究BMI与定性量表得分之间的关系。所有受试者的BMI与量表得分呈负相关(rs = -0.03;-0.15;-0.09 PAQ_C, PACES和SEM)。根据对收集数据的分析,高BMI的青少年很可能对他们的有效性产生负面看法,并且面临着久坐行为的高风险。
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引用次数: 1
Semi - regular exercises for the rehabilitation of shoulder joint for weightlifting disabled athletes 残疾举重运动员肩关节康复的半定期训练
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2019.14.PROC4.06
Dhafir Harb Ewajela Al-Ibraheemi, Jameel Qasim Mohammed Al-Badri, Aqeel Hameed Oudah Al-oudah
The weight lifting athletes get injured while they are demonstrating the strength to lift the weight. It is observed mostly the shoulder joints are prone to affect due to physical imbalance or abnormal movement in weightlifting athletes. This results impair normal functional movement. The rehabilitation centers are providing the semi-regular exercises to regain their muscular strength. Muscular endurance is predominant rather than muscular strength. The rehabilitation centers are initially focusing on retain their muscular endurance and then focusing on increasing the muscular strength by practicing the semi-regular exercises. In this research work we suggest the semi-regular exercises to improve 3 different muscle contractions namely isometric contraction, concentric contraction and eccentric contractions of the skeletal muscle. The semi-regular exercises are aiming to improve the joint strength and range of motion in shoulder joint dislocation. This can be provided after two weeks of the shoulder dislocation of the weightlifting athletes with the confirmation from physician. The duration of the semi-regular exercises rehabilitation program is spanned across the period of 6 weeks to regain their muscle power and strength.
举重运动员在展示举重的力量时受伤。在举重运动员中,由于身体不平衡或运动异常,肩关节容易受到影响。这损害了正常的功能性运动。康复中心正在提供半定期的锻炼,以恢复肌肉力量。肌肉耐力比肌肉力量更重要。康复中心最初的重点是保持肌肉耐力,然后通过半规律的练习来增加肌肉力量。在这项研究工作中,我们建议半规律的运动来改善3种不同的肌肉收缩,即骨骼肌的等距收缩、同心收缩和偏心收缩。半规律练习旨在提高肩关节脱位的关节力量和活动范围。举重运动员肩关节脱位两周后,经医生确认,可提供此治疗。半常规运动康复计划的持续时间跨越6周,以恢复他们的肌肉力量和力量。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Human Sport and Exercise - 2019 - Spring Conferences of Sports Science
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