Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_09-13
Annabela Rita, Zuzana Burianová
Literature, like other art forms, has always served an instrument for resistance, which through various discursive strategies responds to manifestations of oppression, despotism and dogmatism of various kinds. Above all, 20th century literary production — a century that witnessed a proliferation of dictatorships and authoritarian regimes, armed conflicts, wars and genocides, despite humanity's extraordinary progress in multiple areas — was marked by a strong sense of social, cultural or political engagement, which also extends to literary creation in the 21st century. Also in the Portuguese-speaking countries, one of the recurrent themes in modern and contemporary literary production has been the criticism towards the arbitrariness by authoritarian governments, as is the case of the Salazar regime — which stifled Portuguese society for over forty years and prolonged colonial exploitation in Africa — and by the dictatorial regimes established in the second half of the last century in Brazil and other Latin American countries. The aim of this dossier is to present some expressions of critical thinking on the literary production that deals with this subject. Therefore, eight studies devoted to the analysis of works by Portuguese and Brazilian authors who, at different times and through different forms of expression, reacted against authoritarian tendencies in Lusophone societies are gathered here.
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Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_153-164
M. Ribeiro
The present work intends to examine the trial and error process until reaching a result that is pleasant to the public and lasting in the Brazilian national memory, based on the ideas exposed by Ferdinand Denis, who determined the difference between how to write, in prose, in Brazil, and what not to do.
{"title":"Os riscos de bordado — Caminhos da prosa romântica brasileira","authors":"M. Ribeiro","doi":"10.53943/elcv.0222_153-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53943/elcv.0222_153-164","url":null,"abstract":"The present work intends to examine the trial and error process until reaching a result that is pleasant to the public and lasting in the Brazilian national memory, based on the ideas exposed by Ferdinand Denis, who determined the difference between how to write, in prose, in Brazil, and what not to do.","PeriodicalId":288631,"journal":{"name":"e-Letras com Vida: Revista de Estudos Globais — Humanidades, Ciências e Artes","volume":"20 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114031725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_80-89
Márcia Rios da Silva
This work presents some reflections on writer Jorge Amado in Portugal, taking by north Navegação de cabotagem (1994). In this memoir, Amado reports a series of events in his interaction with Portuguese intellectuals, artists and writers and in his relationship with the city of Lisbon, which was initially marked by the prohibition of the communist writer entering this country. Reports are commented in this article that bring images and representations that are important to the culture and the people Portuguese. Such representations expose a political context hard affected by Estado Novo, when the government of Oliveira Salazar disseminated a «Portugality» discourse, extending it to its ultramarine colonies, as a way of controlling critical thinking of the dictatorial regime.
这部作品呈现了对葡萄牙作家豪尔赫·阿马多的一些反思，由north navega o de cabotagem(1994)拍摄。在这本回忆录中，阿马多讲述了他与葡萄牙知识分子、艺术家和作家的一系列互动，以及他与里斯本市的关系，里斯本市最初以禁止共产主义作家进入这个国家为标志。在这篇文章中评论的报告带来了对葡萄牙文化和人民很重要的图像和表现。这样的表述暴露了一种受到新国家影响的政治背景，当奥利维拉·萨拉查(Oliveira Salazar)政府传播“葡萄牙性”话语时，将其扩展到其超海洋殖民地，作为控制独裁政权批判性思维的一种方式。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_29-37
Abílio Pacheco de Souza
The novels by Benedicto Monteiro Verde vagomundo (1972), O minosauro (1975) and A terceira margem (1983), written and published in the context of the Brazilian military dictatorship, employ in their compositions the technique of montage and fragmentation, common to other novels from the 1970’s (Franco, 1998), and they appear to us in their non-conforming feature as disjointed fractals and as self-moving trees (Pacheco, 2020). Mobilizing diverse discursive materials collected in society and inserting them in the novel, the narrator promotes a disorder in the logic of the Western, Cartesian, Enlightenment archive, he acts like a garbage collector, like the Baudelairean ragpicker, to put us in front of an anti-archive. He collects and presents the reader with a seemingly random collection of radio transcripts, newspaper and magazine news, songs lyrics, poems, technical reports, testimonials, and other discursive material. In this paper, we analyze the rag-picker narrator and the anarchivation, the anarchivation of the archive that shakes the edifice of Western reason, as the residues of society are collected from the ruins to critically reconstruct a discourse (according to Seligmann-Silva, 2014). Anarchivation, as a gesture of disorder and fragmentation, carried out by the narrators, appears as an aesthetic principle and corresponds to the perception of shock by the subject in the face of the rigging of the State and the vertigo caused by the violent, technocratic apparatus. After all, in the context in which the novels were written, the measure of good and evil and the subjugation of the subject's autonomy are under the rule of a State whose policy is based on violence and control (Todorov, 2008). Fragmentation and anarchivation as ways of disposing the narrative correspond to the way of perceiving himself, others and the world by this narrator, also disjointed, in a context and because of a violent, adverse, degrading context.
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Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_38-52
Zuzana Burianová
The purpose of this article is to analyze the representation of traumatic experiences related to the exile and the State violence, during the Brazilian military dictatorship, in the novels Tropical sol da liberdade (1988), by Ana Maria Machado, and Pedaço de santo (1997), by Godofredo de Oliveira Neto. The article also draws attention to the different perspectives that the novels present in relation to the dictatorial period and the problem of the armed struggle, due to the historical moment in which they were published. The analysis of the works is based on theoretical studies on exile (T. W. Adorno, E. W. Said and P. Freire) and on the trauma of torture (M. Viñar and A. G. Martín).
本文的目的是分析在巴西军事独裁统治期间，安娜·玛丽亚·马查多的小说《热带自由之路》(1988)和戈多弗雷多·德·奥利维拉·内托的小说《pedao de santo》(1997)中与流亡和国家暴力有关的创伤经历的表现。文章还注意到，由于小说出版的历史时刻不同，这些小说在独裁时期和武装斗争问题上表现出不同的视角。对作品的分析是基于对流放的理论研究(T. W. Adorno, E. W. Said和P. Freire)和对酷刑创伤的理论研究(M. Viñar和A. G. Martín)。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_126-141
Ana Carvalhas, J. Sobral
The eels – we consider the European eel: Anguilla Anguilla – are fishes that, in certain aspects, still remain mysterious. Its birth occurs in the distant Sargasso Sea, being dragged by the Gulf Stream, across the Atlantic, for about three years, to the European coast. Here, they migrate to rivers and estuaries, adapting almost immediately to a life in fresh water. The eels undergo metamorphosis, grow and continue their journey through rivers, streams and streams until they find a home with enough food, where they will stay until they reach an age between 12 and 24 years. Then they return to their place of origin to reproduce. In Portugal, eel fishing in the Ria de Aveiro is very old, as well as its use for human consumption. Since the beginning of the 1940s, the COMUR canning factory was established in Murtosa, which favored the conservation of marinated eels. The marinated eels consumed since the 19th century at Feira de São Mateus, in Viseu, arrived from Murtosa in wooden barrels. Today, these barrels have given way to tinplate barrels and the eels from the canning factory, instead of coming from the Ria de Aveiro, are acquired in other countries that cultivate them in captivity. As an endangered species, they are increasingly rare in the Ria. The eel is, however, still a popular fish in this region, inspiring a series of recipes such as eel stew, eel soup, fisherman eels and fried eels with marinated sauce, which are documented in old and recent recipe books. The latter recipe was the one that made Murtosa’s eels famous, and the women who fried the fish, the so-called “fryers” of the Murtosa’s region, were creditors of that fame. The fish, after being fried, was preserved in marinated sauce, made with vinegar, being packaged and sold at «Feira de São Mateus» in Viseu and other fairs in the center of the country, where it was highly appreciated. The tradition continues today.
鳗鱼——我们认为是欧洲鳗鱼:安圭拉安圭拉——是一种鱼类，在某些方面仍然是神秘的。它出生在遥远的马尾藻海，被墨西哥湾流拖着，穿过大西洋，大约三年，到欧洲海岸。在这里，它们迁徙到河流和河口，几乎立即适应了淡水中的生活。这些鳗鱼会经历蜕变、成长，然后在河流、小溪和小溪中继续它们的旅程，直到它们找到一个有足够食物的家，它们将在那里呆到12到24岁。然后它们回到它们的原产地繁殖。在葡萄牙，在阿威罗河捕捞鳗鱼的历史非常悠久，人们也食用鳗鱼。自20世纪40年代初，COMUR罐头工厂在穆尔托萨建立，这有利于保护腌制鳗鱼。自19世纪以来，菲拉·德·斯奥·马特乌斯(Feira de sso Mateus)食用的腌制鳗鱼都是装在木桶里从穆尔托萨运来的。如今，这些桶已经被马口铁桶取代，罐头工厂的鳗鱼不再来自Ria de Aveiro，而是从其他国家人工养殖。作为一种濒危物种，它们在Ria越来越罕见。然而，鳗鱼在这个地区仍然是一种受欢迎的鱼类，激发了一系列的食谱，如鳗鱼炖，鳗鱼汤，渔民鳗鱼和腌制鳗鱼，这些都记录在古今的食谱书中。后一种做法使穆尔托萨的鳗鱼出名，而那些煎鱼的妇女，即穆尔托萨地区所谓的“炸鱼工”，正是这种名声的债权人。鱼经过油炸后，用腌制的酱汁保存，用醋制成，包装并在维瑟的“Feira de ss o Mateus”和该国中部的其他集市上出售，在那里它受到高度赞赏。这个传统一直延续到今天。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_66-79
Ana Maria Lisboa de Mello
This article examines Cláudia Lage's novel O corpo interminável in light of the events of repression and violence during the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985). The narrator-protagonist's revisiting of this past and the events that led to his mother's disappearance is a painful process, difficult to apprehend, a fact that requires an investigation that uses several sources of information. It is, therefore, an archaeological novel, which recomposes the events of the past through research, witnesses, vestiges and interpretation, in order to get closer to the truth.
本文以巴西军事独裁时期(1964-1985)的镇压和暴力事件为背景，考察了Cláudia Lage的小说《O corpo interminável》。叙述者兼主角对这段过去和导致他母亲失踪的事件的回顾是一个痛苦的过程，难以理解，这一事实需要使用多种信息来源进行调查。因此，它是一部考古小说，通过研究、目击者、遗迹和解释，重新组合过去的事件，以更接近真相。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_99-110
Isabel Ponce de Leão
Portuguese literature questions the concept of authoritarianism through a variety of discursive forms. Starting from an attempt to conceptualize it and restricting the corpus to fictional and non-fictional narrative, we try in this paper a diachronic theme approach concerning reference works published between the 15th and the 21st centuries.
{"title":"El tema de nuestro tiempo","authors":"Isabel Ponce de Leão","doi":"10.53943/elcv.0222_99-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53943/elcv.0222_99-110","url":null,"abstract":"Portuguese literature questions the concept of authoritarianism through a variety of discursive forms. Starting from an attempt to conceptualize it and restricting the corpus to fictional and non-fictional narrative, we try in this paper a diachronic theme approach concerning reference works published between the 15th and the 21st centuries.","PeriodicalId":288631,"journal":{"name":"e-Letras com Vida: Revista de Estudos Globais — Humanidades, Ciências e Artes","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116676797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_90-98
Luísa Antunes Paolinelli, Sofia Finguermann e Fernandes
This study seeks to reflect on violence in impoverished Brazilian communities with a strong criminal presence, as portrayed by contemporary Brazilian author Conceição Evaristo, based on the analysis of the short story «Zaíta forgot to put the toys away» (2014). Considering the extreme form of aggression against children, such as the use of physical or psychological force to impose a will and control, this goes through a conditioning that is manifested by processes of authoritarianism, repression, segregation and social exclusion. The short story analyzes the consequences of a way of thinking, acting and placing oneself in relation to the other marked by direct and indirect experiences of violence that are replicated in a vicious circle and that result in lives that are like the mutilated and lost toy of the little girl Zaíta.
本研究旨在反思巴西犯罪猖獗的贫困社区的暴力问题，正如巴西当代作家concep o Evaristo所描绘的那样，该研究基于对短篇小说“Zaíta忘记把玩具放好”(2014)的分析。考虑到对儿童的侵略的极端形式，例如使用身体或心理力量强加意志和控制，这是通过专制主义、镇压、隔离和社会排斥的过程表现出来的条件作用。这个短篇故事分析了一种思维方式的后果，行为方式以及将自己置于与他人的关系中以直接和间接的暴力经历为标志，这些暴力经历在恶性循环中被复制，导致生活就像小女孩的残缺和丢失的玩具Zaíta。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53943/elcv.0222_177-181
Matteo Pupillo
{"title":"Leituras Críticas: Dal Farra, M.L., Vilela, A.L., Silva, F.M., Fina, R. (orgs.) (2021). 100 anos do Livro de mágoas. Releituras da obra de Florbela Espanca. Sol Negro Edições/ARC Edições. Natal: 376 pp.","authors":"Matteo Pupillo","doi":"10.53943/elcv.0222_177-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53943/elcv.0222_177-181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":288631,"journal":{"name":"e-Letras com Vida: Revista de Estudos Globais — Humanidades, Ciências e Artes","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124362537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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