Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of the mechanical and leakage characteristics of surrounding rock in sandstone compressed air storage caverns after lining cracks","authors":"Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Qianjun Jia,&nbsp;Xingping Lai,&nbsp;Helong Gu,&nbsp;Baoxu Yan,&nbsp;Xuchao Liu,&nbsp;Xinrong Gao,&nbsp;Tong Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilizing underground caverns for compressed air energy storage is one of the feasible methods for large-scale energy storage. Sandstone, being a relatively common stratum, offers significant flexibility in site selection when used to construct gas storage reservoirs. However, the cracking of the reservoir lining may lead to direct contact between the gas and the typically high-permeability sandstone, resulting in rapid gas leakage along the crack locations and adversely affecting the storage efficiency. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct preliminary experimental studies on the leakage characteristics and mechanical behavior of compressed air storage chambers within sandstone strata under specific operational environments.This study investigates the changes in the mechanical and permeability properties of sandstone after the reservoir lining cracks, under high-pressure alternating gas loads. Using the SAS-2000 multi-field coupling rock dynamic disturbance triaxial rheology experimental system and multi-scale high-temperature, high-pressure permeation monitoring system, the dynamic variations in porosity and permeability of sandstone under multi-stage alternating loads are explored. Additionally, the leakage rate of the gas storage reservoir post-cracking is evaluated.The experimental results indicate that under multi-stage alternating loads, the porosity and permeability of sandstone gradually decrease in the low-stress stage (0–30 MPa). With an increase in load levels, the development of micro-cracks leads to an inflection point in the changes in permeability, which then gradually recovers in the high-stress stage (&gt;30 MPa). With an increasing number of cyclic loads, the compressive strength of sandstone gradually decreases, and hysteresis effects gradually emerge. The area of the hysteresis loop increases with both the stress level and the number of cycles, indicating a progressive increase in rock energy dissipation and damage accumulation.Furthermore, the study reveals that, under different crack ratios of 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 4 %, and 5 %, the leakage volume increases as the crack range expands. The results show that when the crack ratio is between 1 % and 2 %, the daily leakage rate remains around 1 %, which is within an acceptable range. However, as the crack ratio increases further, the storage efficiency of the reservoir is significantly affected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-mechanical influence of protective coatings on concrete column components under high-temperature conditions","authors":"Zihao Li,&nbsp;Gaowei Yue,&nbsp;Ruolin Gao,&nbsp;Minmin Li,&nbsp;Haixiao Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To better understand the effects of protective coatings on concrete under fire conditions, various coatings were applied to different sections of concrete columns for high-temperature simulation tests. The performance of these coatings at elevated temperatures and the extent of concrete damage were assessed to identify more effective protective measures. This study conducted experiments to obtain real-time high-temperature stress-strain curves, temperature rise curves, and the compressive strength of coated concrete. Additionally, particle flow codes were used to develop models that captured the macroscopic and microstructural characteristics of both coatings and concrete. The software simulated two fire exposure modes: one-sided and four-sided heating. Coatings effectively preserved concrete, with tunnel fireproofing coatings (SD) demonstrating superior performance compared to gypsum-based plaster coatings (SG) and composite silicate protective coatings. At 800°C, the compressive strength of SD reached 12.01 MPa, exceeding that of SG, GSY, and uncoated concrete (NC) by 8.39 %, 3.45 %, and 44.35 %, respectively. Under four-sided heating, the NC group exhibited reduced stress differentials due to its inability to bear the applied load at high temperatures, preventing effective load transfer. In contrast, one-sided heating, though generating less heat, caused the NC group to tilt toward the heated surface, compromising overall structural stability. Coatings mitigated this effect, with SD effectively protecting the bottom part of column. Preventing the occurrence of one-sided flames is crucial to enhancing fire resistance. This study advances the understanding of how coatings protect concrete in fire conditions and proposes more effective measures to safeguard concrete columns and improve building safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141151"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cementitious versus alkali-activated textile-reinforced mortars combined with mineral wool insulation for strengthening masonry panels exposed to high temperature","authors":"Panagiotis Kapsalis ,&nbsp;Paraskevi D. Askouni ,&nbsp;Catherine G. Papanicolaou ,&nbsp;Thanasis C. Triantafillou","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the experimental investigation of an integrated system that combines seismic upgrading of masonry load-bearing elements with their protection against fire-born high temperatures. Two systems of carbon textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) comprising different matrices were combined with mineral wool panels. The first matrix was a cementitious mortar with polymers based on ordinary Portland cement (OPC), while the second one was an environmentally friendly alkali-activated mortar (AAM) based on ferronickel slag. The study focused on the mechanical performance of retrofitted masonry specimens in terms of shear bond capacity, out-of-plane monotonic and in-plane cyclic bending capacity. Prior to their mechanical testing, some of the retrofitted specimens (both thermally protected and not) were exposed to 600 °C for 1.5 h. It was concluded that: (i) the residual (post-heat) shear bond capacity of both the thermally protected and unprotected masonry-to-TRM joints remains unaffected or decreases in case of prisms furnished with textile-reinforced alkali-activated or polymer-modified mortar overlays, respectively; (ii) exposure to high temperatures bears a moderate negative effect on the flexural response of the TRM-retrofitted-insulated walls irrespective of the matrix type; (iii) textile-reinforced alkali-activated mortar jackets comprise a promising retrofitting option for flexure-deficient walls without any thermal protection means.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141133"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture performance study of polypropylene-enforced steel slag concrete","authors":"Ram Lal Riyar ,&nbsp;Sonali Bhowmik","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete, a widely used construction material is prone to cracking and fracturing under various stress conditions, making its fracture performance a critical aspect of structural integrity. The use of steel slag, a sustainable byproduct of steel production, promotes environmental sustainability in concrete by optimizing the industrial waste, thus reducing the landfill dependency and conserving natural resources. The addition of steel slag and polypropylene fibers has been extensively studied for their effects on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete, but their impact on fracture behavior remains largely unexplored. Concrete specimens with different percentages of steel slag and polypropylene fibers are subjected to three-point bending tests under monotonic loading conditions. This study investigates the influence of these additives on the fracture performance of concrete utilizing the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique. The fracture behavior of the modified concrete is analyzed using DIC, providing high-resolution surface displacement and strain fields along with the crack propagation patterns and development of the FPZ. Microstructural analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) assesses the fiber–matrix interactions and distribution of polypropylene and steel slag. The study reveals that polypropylene fiber addition in concrete up to 0.6% by volume fraction optimally enhances the fracture characteristics. Beyond this threshold, fracture energy and peak load decline due to excessive fiber content in the concrete. The combined use of 50% steel slag and 0.6% volume fraction of polypropylene fibers has a synergistic effect on enhancing the FPZ and improving the post-peak behavior. For polypropylene fiber mixes (0.6% by volume), FPZ fully develops at 70%–60% of peak load in the post-peak region, compared to 85%–90% in conventional concrete. In conclusion, integrating steel slag and polypropylene fibers into concrete demonstrates a commitment to sustainable construction practices and enhances structural performance and integrity, thus establishing a standard for environmentally resilient engineering solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141006"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-precision damage assessment in functionally graded composite plates","authors":"N.E. Godwin Pithalis ,&nbsp;P. Anto Paulin Merinto ,&nbsp;S.L. Beschi Selvan ,&nbsp;R. Leo Bright Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functionally graded material (FGM) is crucial for reliable performance in production complexity increases with the desired gradient profile, making it challenging and potentially costly to produce material. Detecting, localizing, and quantifying damage in functionally graded material plate structures in an effective manner. Three different composite materials are used in FGM and composite plates: Al/ZrO_2–1, Al/Al₂O₃ and Al/ZrO_2–2. These materials are created by mixing two or more separate components to produce a new material. This manuscript proposes a hybrid method for Enhanced Damage Assessment in Functionally Graded Composite Plates. The proposed method combines Scalable Inception Graph Neural Networks (SIGNN) and Kookaburra Optimization Algorithm (KOA) and is labelled as SIGNN-KOA approach. A SIGNN is utilized to calculate the damaged elements in FGM composite plates. KOA is utilized to obtain the optimized weight parameters of SIGNN. The goal of the proposed technique is to enhance damage detection in FGM. By then, the proposed method is implemented and the execution is calculated with the existing procedure in the MATLAB working platform. The proposed method shows better efficiency methods like deep neural network (DNN), Deep Feed-forward Neural Network (DFNN) and artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed method efficiency value is 0.036 % which is lower than that of ANN, DNN and DFNN values are 0.056 %, 0.046 % and 0.066 % respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141068"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of magneto-rheological response on early hydration and microstructure of cement paste","authors":"Feng Hu ,&nbsp;Haoliang Wu ,&nbsp;Dengwu Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magneto-rheological control offers an innovative approach for actively regulating the rheological properties of cementitious materials. However, its influence on the early hydration processes and microstructural evolution remains inadequately understood. In this study, micron-sized Fe₃O₄ particles were incorporated into cement paste and subjected to an external static magnetic field. Fluidity tests were conducted to evaluate the magneto-rheological responses, while XRD, SEM-EDX, and mechanical tests were used to investigate their effects on early hydration products, microstructure, and early compressive strength. The results demonstrate that the magnetic field induces a pronounced magneto-rheological response in cement paste containing magnetic particles, which persists throughout the early hydration period (within 60 minutes) and intensifies at higher water-to-cement ratios, greater particle content, and smaller Fe₃O₄ particle size. Neither applying a magnetic field nor incorporating magnetic particles significantly alter the types of early hydration products. Instead, the magnetic field facilitates the increasing formation of C-S-H gel network, likely by altering hydrogen bonds, while the micron-sized Fe₃O₄ particles primarily act as fillers similar to fine aggregates. In addition, a short-term magnetic field exposure within 15 minutes enhances the 1-day compressive strength when the magnetic particle content is lower than 5 %. However, prolonged exposure or higher particle concentrations result in a mechanical anisotropy behavior, which is attributed to the movement of magnetic particles. These findings advance the understanding of magneto-rheological control on the early hydration development and mechanical properties, supporting the potential adoption of this technology in construction practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141161"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term performance of steel fiber reinforced recycled concrete: Creep calculation model based on recycled aggregate attached mortar and the interfacial transition zone of steel fiber","authors":"Hanquan Yuan ,&nbsp;Lihua Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the long-term mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced recycled concrete (SFRRC) with varying recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) replacement rates (0 %, 50 %, and 100 %) and steel fiber volume contents (0 % and 1 %) through shrinkage and creep tests. Additionally, the interfacial transition zones (ITZ) between RCAs and steel fibers were analyzed using nanoindentation technology to explore the underlying mechanisms driving changes in SFRRC’s long-term mechanical behavior. The results indicate that RCA significantly increases the shrinkage and creep deformation of SFRRC, while steel fibers exert a moderate inhibitory effect on shrinkage and a more pronounced inhibitory effect on creep. Furthermore, steel fibers have a notable impact on ITZ₂ (aggregate-new mortar), the interfacial transition zone in new mortar, but a lesser impact on ITZ₃ (aggregate-old mortar), the cross-sectional transition zone in old mortar. Based on the standard concrete creep calculation formula, this study introduces a modified creep model for SFRRC, incorporating the influence of RCA attached mortar and steel fibers in the ITZ. This model provides valuable experimental data and a theoretical foundation for the future application and promotion of SFRRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141163"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative humidity evolution in recycled aggregate concrete with glazed hollow beads internal curing: Self-desiccation and moisture diffusion","authors":"Xianxing Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjing Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Li ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Duan ,&nbsp;Yuanzhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Internal relative humidity plays a critical role in the durability of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), particularly under self-desiccation and moisture diffusion conditions. This study investigates the internal humidity evolution of RAC incorporating glazed hollow beads (GHB) as an internal curing agent. Experimental results demonstrate that the water absorption and release properties of GHB effectively enhance internal curing, regulate humidity loss at different depths, and mitigate the effects of self-desiccation and moisture diffusion. The relationship between GHB content and the internal humidity gradient in RAC was established. Furthermore, a quantitative assessment of self-desiccation and moisture diffusion revealed that moisture diffusion primarily drives humidity reduction at shallow depths, while self-desiccation has a greater influence at greater depths. Comparisons with other internal curing materials highlight the superior long-term moisture regulation effects of GHB under low dosages. The findings provide valuable insights into moisture regulation mechanisms and offer guidance for designing more durable and sustainable concrete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141162"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study and parameter sensitivity analysis of axial compression in locally corroded slender circular steel tubes","authors":"Xinyu Chen,&nbsp;Dong Zhao,&nbsp;Yuhong Yan,&nbsp;Yiyan Lu,&nbsp;Shan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Localized corrosion is a prevalent and critical damage mode in steel structures, significantly impacting their durability and load-carrying capacity. This study employs a localized electrochemical acceleration method to fabricate 15 specimens, conducting experiments and analysis on the axial compression behavior of locally corroded hollow circular steel tubes (LCHSTs). The research investigates the effects of slenderness ratio, corrosion rate, angle, height, and position on the performance of slender columns. Additionally, three-dimensional (3D) scanning was employed to gather statistical data on the corrosion morphology. The results indicate that localized corrosion alters the failure mode of the specimens from global buckling to local buckling, with the local buckling location corresponding to the corrosion position. Furthermore, localized corrosion diminished the load-carrying capacity and ductility of LCHST specimens by 22.94∼32.64 % and 11.06∼29.94 %, respectively. An inhomogeneous localized corrosion finite element model based on unit displacement was established and the reliability of the simulation method was validated. Parameter samples were obtained using Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS), and the Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (eFAST) method was employed to assess the sensitivity of corrosion parameters, revealing significant interactions among them. The total-order index for corrosion rate was the highest at 0.45, while those for corrosion position and corrosion height were only 0.12 and 0.11, respectively. Through experimental results, the most existing standards were evaluated and analyzed, resulting in the development of an empirical fitting equation based on GB50017–2017, as well as a theoretical calculation formula for a modified stability coefficient that incorporates centroid shift. Both methods exhibited high simulation accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141077"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental research on the performance of acid - activated geopolymer and its application in dredged soil stabilization","authors":"Enquan Zhou ,&nbsp;Shuai Tang ,&nbsp;Tianxiang Jing ,&nbsp;Xinghui Xu ,&nbsp;Yuanfei Song ,&nbsp;Yong Ge ,&nbsp;Haining Meng ,&nbsp;Hailiang Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.141165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of geopolymers were synthesized by employing phosphoric acid (PA) as activator to activate low-calcium fly ash (FA) and metakaolin(MK), and geopolymer mortar was prepared using PA-activated FA-MK geopolymer and dredged soil. The PA-activated low-calcium FA geopolymer typically exhibited low compressive strength. Incorporating MK introduced reactive aluminum, which enhanced the compressive strength of the geopolymer. This strength improvement was further amplified as the M:F ratio (MK:FA ratio) increased. Under a certain M:F ratio, there existed an optimum H₃PO₄/Al₂O₃ molar ratio that maximized the compressive strength of geopolymer. A positive correlation was observed between the M:F ratio and the optimum H₃PO₄/Al₂O₃ molar ratio, with the latter exhibiting a gradual increase from 0.56 (M:F ratio = 0:1) to 0.64 (M:F ratio = 0.4:0.6) and ultimately 0.86 (M:F ratio= 1:0). The compressive and flexural strengths of the geopolymer mortar were significantly affected by the geopolymer/soil ratio and the PA concentration. When the actual PA concentration in geopolymer mortar approached the optimum PA concentration for the geopolymer paste, the mortar achieved its best mechanical properties. The stabilization of dredged soil using PA-activated geopolymer demonstrates significant sustainability benefits, while their cost-effectiveness and mechanical performance require further optimization. This research provides new approaches and data support for the reuse of low-calcium FA and dredged soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"474 ","pages":"Article 141165"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}