Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10035
U. Sconfienza
The current article brings together and reviews the literature on “environmental populism”; that is, environmental issues that could be explored through a populist frame. The article reviews four different cases of environmental populism: (i) right-wing populism and climate denial, (ii) resource populism, (iii) eco-populism, and (iv) the populism of environmental movements. For each case, the article analyzes how different theories of populism explain the environmental issues under consideration and how the environment is constructed. Lastly, the article argues that these four different cases only share very abstract features between them, and greater clarity would be gained by dropping the “environmental populism” label altogether in favor of “environmental populisms,” in the plural.
{"title":"What Does “Environmental Populism” Mean?","authors":"U. Sconfienza","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The current article brings together and reviews the literature on “environmental populism”; that is, environmental issues that could be explored through a populist frame. The article reviews four different cases of environmental populism: (i) right-wing populism and climate denial, (ii) resource populism, (iii) eco-populism, and (iv) the populism of environmental movements. For each case, the article analyzes how different theories of populism explain the environmental issues under consideration and how the environment is constructed. Lastly, the article argues that these four different cases only share very abstract features between them, and greater clarity would be gained by dropping the “environmental populism” label altogether in favor of “environmental populisms,” in the plural.","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48247252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10039
Vincenzo Cicchelli, Sylvie Octobre
While the trial of modernity and its legacies, the rise of anti-universalistic discourses, and the temptations of identitarian closures are common Western trends, this paper will specifically focus on the French case, as its republican assimilationist model has been very much infused with universalism and endures many tensions facing multicultural society. By focusing on the arguments mobilized by young French adults to solve the tensions between republican universalism and national particularism, as well as envisioning social cohesion, we analyze their narratives and shed light on four “spirits”: Homo Nationalis, embodying a nationalistic passion for the homeland; Homo Civicus, expressing deep commitment to the res publica and the common good; Homo Culturalis, demanding recognition of minority cultures; and Homo Pontifex (the “bridge builder”), encouraging cosmopolitanism and a love of humanity.
{"title":"Republican Universalism at the Test of French Multicultural Society: Cultural Diversity and Social Cohesion According to Young People","authors":"Vincenzo Cicchelli, Sylvie Octobre","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While the trial of modernity and its legacies, the rise of anti-universalistic discourses, and the temptations of identitarian closures are common Western trends, this paper will specifically focus on the French case, as its republican assimilationist model has been very much infused with universalism and endures many tensions facing multicultural society. By focusing on the arguments mobilized by young French adults to solve the tensions between republican universalism and national particularism, as well as envisioning social cohesion, we analyze their narratives and shed light on four “spirits”: Homo Nationalis, embodying a nationalistic passion for the homeland; Homo Civicus, expressing deep commitment to the res publica and the common good; Homo Culturalis, demanding recognition of minority cultures; and Homo Pontifex (the “bridge builder”), encouraging cosmopolitanism and a love of humanity.","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64437413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10040
Lane Crothers
{"title":"Populism at Five – An Editor’s Reflections","authors":"Lane Crothers","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42453374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10036
Kenneth Bryant
{"title":"Unequal America: Class Conflict, the News Media, and Ideology in an Era of Record Inequality, written by DiMaggio, Anthony R.","authors":"Kenneth Bryant","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45336144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-03DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10026
Sultan Tepe, Keith Simonds, Michael C. Dirksen
Although the concept of “populism” remains contested, many studies classify populist parties as left-right, ignoring important variations. Focusing on three populist parties that are often classified as right-wing: Israel’s Likud, India’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and Turkey’s Justice and Development Party (AKP), we question how these parties and their leaders deploy religious symbols and discourse to draw the boundaries between “us” and “others,” define their stances on refugee, poverty, and water-related issues. The multilayered comparison shows that religion not only facilitates communication of these parties’ positions, but it informs their policies; more important, it allows parties to maintain what appear to be contradictory approaches. Remarkable similarities in the Likud, BJP, and AKP parties’ policies show that these parties can be seen as neither left nor right-wing; instead, they form a new subset of populism, religious-populism that needs to be included in the populism debate to better analyze its impact on democracy.
{"title":"The Emergence of Religious Populism? Insights from Israel, India, and Turkey","authors":"Sultan Tepe, Keith Simonds, Michael C. Dirksen","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Although the concept of “populism” remains contested, many studies classify populist parties as left-right, ignoring important variations. Focusing on three populist parties that are often classified as right-wing: Israel’s Likud, India’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and Turkey’s Justice and Development Party (AKP), we question how these parties and their leaders deploy religious symbols and discourse to draw the boundaries between “us” and “others,” define their stances on refugee, poverty, and water-related issues. The multilayered comparison shows that religion not only facilitates communication of these parties’ positions, but it informs their policies; more important, it allows parties to maintain what appear to be contradictory approaches. Remarkable similarities in the Likud, BJP, and AKP parties’ policies show that these parties can be seen as neither left nor right-wing; instead, they form a new subset of populism, religious-populism that needs to be included in the populism debate to better analyze its impact on democracy.","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48826554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10028
C. de la Torre
{"title":"Seven Essays on Populism, written by Paula Biglieri and Luciana Cadahia","authors":"C. de la Torre","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46028144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10030
C. Barrow
{"title":"Rebellion in America: Citizen Uprisings, The News Media, and the Politics of Plutocracy, written by DiMaggio, Anthony R.","authors":"C. Barrow","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47613532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10029
W. Scheuerman
Authoritarian populism poses major challenges to democracy. Yet relatively little systematic political-theoretical or philosophical analysis has focused on how best to oppose or resist it. The present essay focuses on three possible approaches now being tentatively discussed. Some writers emphasize the possible virtues of civil disobedience, others are advocating a related yet broader strategy of civil resistance, and yet others abandon both “civil” approaches in favor of uncivil disobedience. Despite their many strengths, each approach suffers from weaknesses, in part because each responds incompletely to the challenges of authoritarian populism and its use of increasingly commonplace modes of “smart” repression. With ominous implications for those worried about democracy’s fate, populists are embracing coercive techniques designed to squelch dissent without generating public sympathy or a popular backlash.
{"title":"Resisting Authoritarian Populism","authors":"W. Scheuerman","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Authoritarian populism poses major challenges to democracy. Yet relatively little systematic political-theoretical or philosophical analysis has focused on how best to oppose or resist it. The present essay focuses on three possible approaches now being tentatively discussed. Some writers emphasize the possible virtues of civil disobedience, others are advocating a related yet broader strategy of civil resistance, and yet others abandon both “civil” approaches in favor of uncivil disobedience. Despite their many strengths, each approach suffers from weaknesses, in part because each responds incompletely to the challenges of authoritarian populism and its use of increasingly commonplace modes of “smart” repression. With ominous implications for those worried about democracy’s fate, populists are embracing coercive techniques designed to squelch dissent without generating public sympathy or a popular backlash.","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45236152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-16DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10027
L. Langman
{"title":"Decency and Difference: Humanity and the Global Challenge of Identity Politics, written by Steven C. Roach","authors":"L. Langman","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45109966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-15DOI: 10.1163/25888072-bja10032
Catherine Guisan
How is it that the European Parliament (EP), the only directly elected institution of the European Union (EU), has both empowered right-wing populist politicians in the UK and France, and helped challenge the right-wing populist governments of Hungary and Poland? Part of the response lies in institutional rules shaping the EP’s elections and its authority, which this article discusses critically. The paradoxical impact of the EP on European right-wing populism leads to another question: Should the EP privilege the rights of right-wing populist and anti-system actors; or, to the contrary, should it “protect democracy against democracy”? This article draws from political theorist Chantal Mouffe’s agonistic politics to assess comparatively the measures the EP majority has taken to limit the influence of right-wing populists within the chamber and beyond in EU member states. It critiques the exclusionary cordon sanitaire within, and conditionality and the “judicialization of conflicts” without, which the EP discusses passionately also.
{"title":"Right-Wing Populism and the European Parliament’s Agonistic Politics","authors":"Catherine Guisan","doi":"10.1163/25888072-bja10032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000How is it that the European Parliament (EP), the only directly elected institution of the European Union (EU), has both empowered right-wing populist politicians in the UK and France, and helped challenge the right-wing populist governments of Hungary and Poland? Part of the response lies in institutional rules shaping the EP’s elections and its authority, which this article discusses critically. The paradoxical impact of the EP on European right-wing populism leads to another question: Should the EP privilege the rights of right-wing populist and anti-system actors; or, to the contrary, should it “protect democracy against democracy”? This article draws from political theorist Chantal Mouffe’s agonistic politics to assess comparatively the measures the EP majority has taken to limit the influence of right-wing populists within the chamber and beyond in EU member states. It critiques the exclusionary cordon sanitaire within, and conditionality and the “judicialization of conflicts” without, which the EP discusses passionately also.","PeriodicalId":29733,"journal":{"name":"Populism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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