首页 > 最新文献

American Journal of Biological Anthropology最新文献

英文 中文
Variation in the Angle of the First Pedal Ray Relative to the Midline of the Foot by Sex and Parity History 第一脚射线相对于足中线的角度随性别和产次历史的变化。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70212
Paige S. Whitman, Addie E. C. Lomax, Patricia Ann Kramer, Christine M. Harper

Objective

Although pathological variations of the first pedal ray have been well-studied, non-pathologic variations, including those potentially linked to hormonal changes during pregnancy, have yet to be examined. Here we quantify the angle between the longitudinal axes of the first and third metatarsals and investigate variation in this angle between females and males and nulliparous and parous individuals.

Materials and Methods

Foot CT scans were accessed from Harborview Medical Center and the New Mexico Decedent Image Database. A 3D model was constructed in Avizo Lite 9.0.1 and landmarks were placed on the proximal and distal ends of the first and third metatarsal. The vectors between the landmark sets were used to represent the first and third metatarsal axes. The angle between the two axes was calculated in MATLAB. Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests were used to test for significant differences in this angle between (1) females and males, (2) nulliparous and parous females, and (3) nulliparous females and males.

Results

Females have a statistically larger angle compared to males (average 10.16° vs. 8.64°, p = 0.03). Parous females have a statistically larger angle than nulliparous females (average 10.44° vs. 8.74°, p = 0.04). Nulliparous females do not significantly differ from males (p = 0.70).

Discussion

We propose that the relatively larger angle in females is likely due to hormonal exposure, specifically relaxin, throughout pregnancy given that parous females have a relatively larger angle than both males and nulliparous females by 1.5°–1.7°, while nulliparous females share a similar average angle with males.

目的:虽然第一次足部射线的病理变化已经得到了很好的研究,但非病理变化,包括那些可能与怀孕期间激素变化有关的变化,尚未得到检查。在这里,我们量化了第一和第三跖骨纵轴之间的角度,并研究了雌性和雄性以及未生育和已生育个体之间这个角度的变化。材料和方法:从Harborview医疗中心和新墨西哥死者图像数据库获取足部CT扫描。在Avizo Lite 9.0.1中构建三维模型,并在第一和第三跖骨的近端和远端放置地标。标记集之间的向量用于表示第一和第三跖骨轴。在MATLAB中计算了两轴之间的夹角。使用Wilcoxon秩和检验来检验(1)雌性和雄性,(2)未生育的雌性和已生育的雌性,(3)未生育的雌性和雄性在这个角度上的显著差异。结果:女性的角度比男性大(平均10.16°比8.64°,p = 0.03)。已产雌鼠的角度大于未产雌鼠(平均10.44°比8.74°,p = 0.04)。未生育的雌性与雄性无显著差异(p = 0.70)。讨论:我们认为雌性相对较大的角度可能是由于激素暴露,特别是松弛素,在整个怀孕期间,鉴于已产雌性的角度相对于雄性和未产雌性都大1.5°-1.7°,而未产雌性与雄性的平均角度相似。
{"title":"Variation in the Angle of the First Pedal Ray Relative to the Midline of the Foot by Sex and Parity History","authors":"Paige S. Whitman,&nbsp;Addie E. C. Lomax,&nbsp;Patricia Ann Kramer,&nbsp;Christine M. Harper","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70212","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although pathological variations of the first pedal ray have been well-studied, non-pathologic variations, including those potentially linked to hormonal changes during pregnancy, have yet to be examined. Here we quantify the angle between the longitudinal axes of the first and third metatarsals and investigate variation in this angle between females and males and nulliparous and parous individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Foot CT scans were accessed from Harborview Medical Center and the New Mexico Decedent Image Database. A 3D model was constructed in Avizo Lite 9.0.1 and landmarks were placed on the proximal and distal ends of the first and third metatarsal. The vectors between the landmark sets were used to represent the first and third metatarsal axes. The angle between the two axes was calculated in MATLAB. Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests were used to test for significant differences in this angle between (1) females and males, (2) nulliparous and parous females, and (3) nulliparous females and males.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Females have a statistically larger angle compared to males (average 10.16° vs. 8.64°, <i>p</i> = 0.03). Parous females have a statistically larger angle than nulliparous females (average 10.44° vs. 8.74°, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Nulliparous females do not significantly differ from males (<i>p</i> = 0.70).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose that the relatively larger angle in females is likely due to hormonal exposure, specifically relaxin, throughout pregnancy given that parous females have a relatively larger angle than both males and nulliparous females by 1.5°–1.7°, while nulliparous females share a similar average angle with males.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Strong Supporter: Evidence for the Role of the Fifth Finger in Habitual Gripping Activity 强有力的支持者:无名指在习惯性抓握活动中作用的证据。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70205
Cora Leder, Sarah A. Schrader

Objectives

The fifth finger plays a key role in manual dexterity, yet its habitual use and functional integration within the hand remain poorly understood. This study investigates the contribution of the fifth ray to habitual gripping activities and its synergistic relationship with the thumb.

Materials and Methods

The “Validated Entheses-based Reconstruction of Activity” (VERA) method and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to the hand bones of 43 adult male/probable male individuals from three post-Medieval skeletal collections in the Netherlands. Principal component and pairwise correlation analyses were used to assess covariation among entheseal attachment sites, with particular focus on the opponens digiti minimi (ODM) and third palmar interosseous (PI3).

Results

Both analyses reproduced functional patterns established in previous VERA studies that distinguish precision from power gripping. The ODM clustered with thumb muscles involved in precision grasping, especially the opponens pollicis (OP), suggesting habitual coordination between the fifth finger and thumb. In contrast, the PI3 formed an independent axis of variation and showed weak correlations with other entheses once overall size effects were removed.

Discussion

The findings indicate that the fifth finger functions as a stabilizing and supportive element across both grip types, contributing to object control and manual stability through its opposition to the thumb and flexion at the MCP joint. This study underscores the functional significance of the fifth ray in habitual manual activity and highlights the value of size-adjusted VERA analyses for detecting subtle patterns of hand use in past populations.

目的:第五指在手的灵巧性中起着关键的作用,然而它的习惯使用和手的功能整合仍然知之甚少。本研究探讨了第五射线对习惯性抓握活动的贡献及其与拇指的协同关系。材料和方法:采用“基于entheses的活动重建”(VERA)方法和多元统计分析方法,对来自荷兰三个后中世纪骨骼收藏的43名成年男性/可能男性个体的手骨进行了研究。主成分分析和两两相关分析被用于评估手指附着部位之间的协变,特别关注对手指最小(ODM)和第三掌骨间(PI3)。结果:这两种分析都再现了先前VERA研究中建立的功能模式,这些模式区分了精确性和握力。ODM与参与精确抓握的拇指肌肉聚集在一起,特别是对手抓握(OP),表明食指和拇指之间的习惯协调。相比之下,PI3形成了一个独立的变化轴,一旦去除总体尺寸效应,它与其他参数的相关性较弱。讨论:研究结果表明,在两种握把类型中,无名指都是一个稳定和支持的元素,通过与拇指和MCP关节的弯曲相对,有助于物体控制和手动稳定性。这项研究强调了第五射线在习惯性手工活动中的功能意义,并强调了大小调整的VERA分析在检测过去人群中手部使用的微妙模式方面的价值。
{"title":"A Strong Supporter: Evidence for the Role of the Fifth Finger in Habitual Gripping Activity","authors":"Cora Leder,&nbsp;Sarah A. Schrader","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70205","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70205","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The fifth finger plays a key role in manual dexterity, yet its habitual use and functional integration within the hand remain poorly understood. This study investigates the contribution of the fifth ray to habitual gripping activities and its synergistic relationship with the thumb.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The “Validated Entheses-based Reconstruction of Activity” (VERA) method and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to the hand bones of 43 adult male/probable male individuals from three post-Medieval skeletal collections in the Netherlands. Principal component and pairwise correlation analyses were used to assess covariation among entheseal attachment sites, with particular focus on the opponens digiti minimi (ODM) and third palmar interosseous (PI3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both analyses reproduced functional patterns established in previous VERA studies that distinguish precision from power gripping. The ODM clustered with thumb muscles involved in precision grasping, especially the opponens pollicis (OP), suggesting habitual coordination between the fifth finger and thumb. In contrast, the PI3 formed an independent axis of variation and showed weak correlations with other entheses once overall size effects were removed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicate that the fifth finger functions as a stabilizing and supportive element across both grip types, contributing to object control and manual stability through its opposition to the thumb and flexion at the MCP joint. This study underscores the functional significance of the fifth ray in habitual manual activity and highlights the value of size-adjusted VERA analyses for detecting subtle patterns of hand use in past populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Allometry and Evolution of Neurocranial Narrowness Across Nonhuman Anthropoid Primates 非人类类人猿灵长类动物神经颅狭窄的异速发育和进化。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70208
Isabel J. Mormile, Christopher J. Percival, James B. Rossie

Objectives

Among anthropoid primates, small-bodied platyrrhines exhibit striking mediolateral narrowness of the neurocranium relative to larger-bodied platyrrhines. Body size allometry has been hypothesized to explain variation in neurocranial narrowness. However, interspecific catarrhine variation appears inconsistent with the proposed platyrrhine allometry. This study tested the relationship between body size and neurocranial narrowness across anthropoids to identify whether clade-specific allometries have evolved. We further estimated neurocranial narrowness in anthropoid ancestors to determine the trait's evolutionary polarity.

Methods

Inter-clade shifts in degree and allometric scaling of neurocranial narrowness were identified with GLS pANCOVA, which combines generalized least-squares analysis (GLS) and phylogenetic analysis of covariance (pANCOVA). Ancestral trait estimation was performed using parsimony reconstruction methods, based on linear measurements of extant and fossil anthropoid skulls.

Results

In callitrichine and female cebine platyrrhines, neurocranial narrowness was significantly greater than predicted by body size and displayed a different allometric relationship than in other anthropoids. This shift is correlated with decreased neurocranial breadth in callitrichines, but not cebines. Neurocranial narrowness was not correlated with body size in most anthropoid clades.

Discussion

We did not identify a unified neurocranial narrowness allometry across platyrrhines or across anthropoids collectively. Nonetheless, reduced narrowness occurred parallel to the evolution of increased body size in catarrhines, atelids, and pitheciids, suggesting that larger body size may mitigate constraints on neurocranial shape responsible for narrow neurocrania in small-bodied fossil anthropoids, which have been retained only in small-bodied platyrrhines. Feeding adaptations and brain size also provide potential explanations for neurocranial narrowness variation in some clades.

目的:在类人猿灵长类动物中,相对于体型较大的platyrrhines,体型较小的platyrrhines表现出显著的神经颅骨中外侧狭窄。体型异速已被假设为解释神经颅狭窄的变异。然而,种间卡塔莱茵河的变异似乎与提出的扁桃莱茵河异速发育不一致。这项研究测试了类人猿的体型和神经颅狭窄之间的关系,以确定进化枝特异性异速发育是否已经进化。我们进一步估计了类人猿祖先的神经颅狭窄,以确定这一特征的进化极性。方法:采用广义最小二乘分析(GLS)和系统发育协方差分析(pANCOVA)相结合的GLS pANCOVA方法,对神经颅狭窄的进化间程度转移和异速缩放进行鉴定。基于现存和化石类人猿头骨的线性测量,使用简约重建方法进行祖先特征估计。结果:毛蚶和雌性毛蚶的神经颅狭窄度明显大于体型预测值,且表现出与其他类人猿不同的异速生长关系。这种转变与脑神经宽度的减小有关,但与脑神经宽度无关。在大多数类人猿分支中,神经颅狭窄与体型无关。讨论:我们没有在鸭嘴兽或类人猿中发现统一的神经颅狭窄异速。尽管如此,狭口缩小的发生与卡塔鼻目、盘尾鼻目和尾猿体型增大的进化是平行的,这表明较大的体型可能减轻了小体型类人猿化石中神经颅骨形状狭窄的限制,这种限制只在小体型的盘尾鼻目中保留下来。进食适应和大脑大小也为某些进化枝的神经颅狭窄变异提供了潜在的解释。
{"title":"Allometry and Evolution of Neurocranial Narrowness Across Nonhuman Anthropoid Primates","authors":"Isabel J. Mormile,&nbsp;Christopher J. Percival,&nbsp;James B. Rossie","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70208","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among anthropoid primates, small-bodied platyrrhines exhibit striking mediolateral narrowness of the neurocranium relative to larger-bodied platyrrhines. Body size allometry has been hypothesized to explain variation in neurocranial narrowness. However, interspecific catarrhine variation appears inconsistent with the proposed platyrrhine allometry. This study tested the relationship between body size and neurocranial narrowness across anthropoids to identify whether clade-specific allometries have evolved. We further estimated neurocranial narrowness in anthropoid ancestors to determine the trait's evolutionary polarity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inter-clade shifts in degree and allometric scaling of neurocranial narrowness were identified with GLS pANCOVA, which combines generalized least-squares analysis (GLS) and phylogenetic analysis of covariance (pANCOVA). Ancestral trait estimation was performed using parsimony reconstruction methods, based on linear measurements of extant and fossil anthropoid skulls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In callitrichine and female cebine platyrrhines, neurocranial narrowness was significantly greater than predicted by body size and displayed a different allometric relationship than in other anthropoids. This shift is correlated with decreased neurocranial breadth in callitrichines, but not cebines. Neurocranial narrowness was not correlated with body size in most anthropoid clades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We did not identify a unified neurocranial narrowness allometry across platyrrhines or across anthropoids collectively. Nonetheless, reduced narrowness occurred parallel to the evolution of increased body size in catarrhines, atelids, and pitheciids, suggesting that larger body size may mitigate constraints on neurocranial shape responsible for narrow neurocrania in small-bodied fossil anthropoids, which have been retained only in small-bodied platyrrhines. Feeding adaptations and brain size also provide potential explanations for neurocranial narrowness variation in some clades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Use of Micro-CT Analysis of the Second Metacarpal to Assess Cortical Bone Loss in Archeological Human Skeletal Remains. 利用微ct分析第二掌骨以评估考古人类骨骼遗骸的皮质骨流失。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70209
Luisa Leiss, Ian Butler, Sophie L Newman

Objectives: The assessment of cortical bone loss in archeological populations can give insights into past lifeways and bone health. The second metacarpal index (MCI) is assessed via radiogrammetry to quantify cortical thickness. However, as this method is limited to a single-point measurement, this study explores the use of micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) to provide additional cross-sectional parameters as indicators of cortical bone loss.

Materials and methods: μ-CT scans were generated for a sample of 46 second metacarpals from two medieval skeletal assemblages from Scotland, UK. Measurement for MCI, cortical area fraction and intracortical porosity were taken at the mid-point of the diaphysis. They were then assessed for correlation between each parameter and for patterns in bone loss associated with age and sex.

Results: The MCI revealed a gradual decline in cortical thickness with advancing age for both males and females. There was a significantly lower MCI (associated with bone loss) in older individuals compared to younger adults (p < 0.05). No significant differences in MCI were detected between the sexes within any age group. A strong positive correlation was identified between MCI and cortical area fraction (r = 0.873), while MCI and intracortical porosity percentage had a weak negative correlation (r = -0.401).

Discussion: μ-CT assessment of the second metacarpal allowed for a more extensive cortical analysis, demonstrating that while the MCI is an effective indicator of cortical thinning, assessment of intracortical porosity can provide further insight into the analysis of cortical bone loss within past populations.

目的:考古人群皮质骨丢失的评估可以深入了解过去的生活方式和骨骼健康。第二掌骨指数(MCI)通过放射测量来量化皮质厚度。然而,由于该方法仅限于单点测量,本研究探索使用微计算机断层扫描(μ-CT)来提供额外的横截面参数作为皮质骨丢失的指标。材料和方法:对来自英国苏格兰的两个中世纪骨骼组合的46秒掌骨样本进行μ-CT扫描。在骨干中点测量MCI、皮质面积分数和皮质内孔隙率。然后评估每个参数之间的相关性以及与年龄和性别相关的骨质流失模式。结果:MCI显示,随着年龄的增长,男性和女性的皮质厚度逐渐下降。与年轻人相比,老年人的MCI(与骨质流失相关)明显较低(p讨论:第二掌骨的μ-CT评估允许更广泛的皮质分析,表明MCI是皮质变薄的有效指标,皮质内孔隙度的评估可以进一步深入了解过去人群的皮质骨质流失分析。
{"title":"The Use of Micro-CT Analysis of the Second Metacarpal to Assess Cortical Bone Loss in Archeological Human Skeletal Remains.","authors":"Luisa Leiss, Ian Butler, Sophie L Newman","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The assessment of cortical bone loss in archeological populations can give insights into past lifeways and bone health. The second metacarpal index (MCI) is assessed via radiogrammetry to quantify cortical thickness. However, as this method is limited to a single-point measurement, this study explores the use of micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) to provide additional cross-sectional parameters as indicators of cortical bone loss.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>μ-CT scans were generated for a sample of 46 second metacarpals from two medieval skeletal assemblages from Scotland, UK. Measurement for MCI, cortical area fraction and intracortical porosity were taken at the mid-point of the diaphysis. They were then assessed for correlation between each parameter and for patterns in bone loss associated with age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MCI revealed a gradual decline in cortical thickness with advancing age for both males and females. There was a significantly lower MCI (associated with bone loss) in older individuals compared to younger adults (p < 0.05). No significant differences in MCI were detected between the sexes within any age group. A strong positive correlation was identified between MCI and cortical area fraction (r = 0.873), while MCI and intracortical porosity percentage had a weak negative correlation (r = -0.401).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>μ-CT assessment of the second metacarpal allowed for a more extensive cortical analysis, demonstrating that while the MCI is an effective indicator of cortical thinning, assessment of intracortical porosity can provide further insight into the analysis of cortical bone loss within past populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 2","pages":"e70209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Minimal Evidence of Inflammaging in Naturalistic Chimpanzee Populations. 自然黑猩猩种群中炎症的最小证据。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70211
Megan F Cole, Melissa Emery Thompson, Nicole Thompson González, Eleanor Paskus, Joshua Rukundo, Rebeca Atencia, Alexandra G Rosati

Objectives: Whereas chronic inflammation is a hallmark of aging in many human populations, inflammaging is reduced in groups characterized by frequent physical activity and diets low in processed foods. Since most biomarkers of inflammation require blood sampling, comparative data from our closest primate relatives have been derived from sedentary, captive primate populations whose processed diets are uncharacteristic of the wild.

Materials and methods: We evaluated aging profiles of inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers derived from urine and serum samples in semi-free ranging chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in two African sanctuaries (N = 156 health checks, 73 individuals, ages 11-39 years), where diet and physical activity more closely approximates wild conditions than captive laboratory settings. We compared these to urinary markers from wild chimpanzees from Kanyawara, Kibale National Park, Uganda (N = 1849 time points, 50 individuals, ages 10-57 years), as well as published serum data from biomedical laboratories.

Results: Serum inflammatory biomarker (CRP and IL6) levels in sanctuary chimpanzees were 2-10 times lower on average than those of laboratory chimpanzees. Compared to wild populations, acute immune activity (neopterin) and lipid peroxidation (isoprostanes) were higher in sanctuaries, while chronic systemic inflammation (suPAR) and DNA damage (OHdG) did not differ. We detected a significant but modest age-related increase in one biomarker (suPAR) in the wild sample.

Discussion: These results parallel recent findings from humans in demonstrating that chronic inflammation is not a natural consequence of aging but may rather be driven by environmental contexts that are mismatched to the evolutionary history of a given species.

虽然慢性炎症是许多人群衰老的标志,但在经常运动和低加工食品饮食的人群中,炎症会减少。由于大多数炎症的生物标志物都需要血液采样,我们最近的灵长类亲戚的比较数据来自于久坐不动的圈养灵长类种群,它们的加工饮食与野生动物不同。材料和方法:我们评估了生活在两个非洲保护区的半自由放养黑猩猩(Pan troglodytes)的尿液和血清样本中炎症和氧化应激生物标志物的衰老特征(N = 156健康检查,73个体,年龄11-39岁),那里的饮食和身体活动更接近于野外条件,而不是人工饲养的实验室环境。我们将这些与来自乌干达Kibale国家公园Kanyawara的野生黑猩猩的尿液标记物(N = 1849个时间点,50只个体,年龄10-57岁)以及生物医学实验室发表的血清数据进行了比较。结果:保护区黑猩猩的血清炎症生物标志物(CRP和IL6)水平平均比实验室黑猩猩低2-10倍。与野生种群相比,保护区的急性免疫活性(新鸟嘌呤)和脂质过氧化(异前列腺素)更高,而慢性全身炎症(suPAR)和DNA损伤(OHdG)没有差异。我们在野生样本中检测到一种生物标志物(suPAR)显着但适度的年龄相关增加。讨论:这些结果与最近人类的发现相似,表明慢性炎症不是衰老的自然结果,而可能是由与特定物种的进化史不匹配的环境背景驱动的。
{"title":"Minimal Evidence of Inflammaging in Naturalistic Chimpanzee Populations.","authors":"Megan F Cole, Melissa Emery Thompson, Nicole Thompson González, Eleanor Paskus, Joshua Rukundo, Rebeca Atencia, Alexandra G Rosati","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Whereas chronic inflammation is a hallmark of aging in many human populations, inflammaging is reduced in groups characterized by frequent physical activity and diets low in processed foods. Since most biomarkers of inflammation require blood sampling, comparative data from our closest primate relatives have been derived from sedentary, captive primate populations whose processed diets are uncharacteristic of the wild.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We evaluated aging profiles of inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers derived from urine and serum samples in semi-free ranging chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in two African sanctuaries (N = 156 health checks, 73 individuals, ages 11-39 years), where diet and physical activity more closely approximates wild conditions than captive laboratory settings. We compared these to urinary markers from wild chimpanzees from Kanyawara, Kibale National Park, Uganda (N = 1849 time points, 50 individuals, ages 10-57 years), as well as published serum data from biomedical laboratories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum inflammatory biomarker (CRP and IL6) levels in sanctuary chimpanzees were 2-10 times lower on average than those of laboratory chimpanzees. Compared to wild populations, acute immune activity (neopterin) and lipid peroxidation (isoprostanes) were higher in sanctuaries, while chronic systemic inflammation (suPAR) and DNA damage (OHdG) did not differ. We detected a significant but modest age-related increase in one biomarker (suPAR) in the wild sample.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results parallel recent findings from humans in demonstrating that chronic inflammation is not a natural consequence of aging but may rather be driven by environmental contexts that are mismatched to the evolutionary history of a given species.</p>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 2","pages":"e70211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cover & Editorial Board 封面及编委
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70210
{"title":"Cover & Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70210","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146130076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Divergent Macroscopic and Microscopic Patterns in Bony-Fibrous Entheses Revealed by a Multidisciplinary Approach 由多学科方法揭示的骨-纤维组织中不同的宏观和微观模式。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70207
Manuel Domingo DAngelo del Campo, Claudia Fiorentino, José María López-Rey, Óscar Cambra-Moo, Armando González Martín, Daniel García-Martínez, Soledad Salega

Introduction

Entheseal changes are influenced by factors such as physical activity, age, sex, and genetics. While macroscopic and 3D geometric morphometric approaches have been used to study EC, the relationship between macroscopic appearance and microstructure remains still poorly understood.

Material and Methods

M. deltoideus enthesis was analyzed in nine adult male humeri from Santa María de la Soledad ossuary in Almansa (12th–18th centuries, Spain). Macroscopic robusticity was recorded using Mariotti method to evaluate entheseal changes, while microanatomical analysis combined m-CT scanning and histological thin sections. Mineralized area (% Min. Ar.) was quantified using Fiji-ImageJ, and spatial distribution of non-mineralized cavities was mapped using GIS software. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed in RStudio.

Results

The value and distribution of the percentage of mineralized area (% Min. Ar.) depend on the degree of robusticity. Grade 3 entheses showed lower and more variable mineralization, with a valley-shaped distribution. Grades 1 and 2 entheses had a flat-distributed % Min. Ar. whose mean was over 90%. Histological analysis revealed secondary osteon dominance, while spatial analysis showed concentration of bone cavities within the entheses development areas.

Conclusion

The study suggests that macroscopic EC grades may not represent successive phases of bone remodeling and adaptation to mechanical loading. Bone growth of entheses with degrees 1 and 2 is gradual, with a compact and well-organized internal anatomy, whereas entheses with degree 3 may result from extreme mechanical stress that triggers intense bone (re)modeling. Micro-CT and histology provided complementary insights, supporting non-destructive methods for future research.

内分泌变化受身体活动、年龄、性别和遗传等因素的影响。虽然宏观和三维几何形态测量方法已被用于研究EC,但宏观外观和微观结构之间的关系仍然知之甚少。材料与方法:对西班牙阿尔曼萨(Almansa) Santa María de la Soledad osary出土的9个成年男性肱骨标本进行了三角齿弓形虫(M. deltoideus endthesis)的分析。采用Mariotti方法记录宏观鲁棒性,评估骨组织变化,显微解剖分析结合m-CT扫描和组织学薄片。矿化面积(% Min)利用Fiji-ImageJ对Ar.)进行量化,利用GIS软件绘制非矿化空腔的空间分布。在RStudio中进行Kruskal-Wallis测试。结果:矿区矿化面积百分比(% Min;)取决于健壮性的程度。三级矿化程度较低,矿化变化较大,呈谷状分布。1年级和2年级的最小值呈扁平分布。平均值在90%以上。组织学分析显示继发性骨细胞优势,而空间分析显示骨腔集中在胚胎发育区域。结论:研究表明宏观EC分级可能不能代表骨重塑和适应机械负荷的连续阶段。1度和2度假体的骨生长是渐进的,具有紧凑和组织良好的内部解剖结构,而3度假体可能是由极端的机械应力引起的,从而引发强烈的骨(重新)建模。显微ct和组织学提供了互补的见解,支持非破坏性方法的未来研究。
{"title":"Divergent Macroscopic and Microscopic Patterns in Bony-Fibrous Entheses Revealed by a Multidisciplinary Approach","authors":"Manuel Domingo DAngelo del Campo,&nbsp;Claudia Fiorentino,&nbsp;José María López-Rey,&nbsp;Óscar Cambra-Moo,&nbsp;Armando González Martín,&nbsp;Daniel García-Martínez,&nbsp;Soledad Salega","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70207","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Entheseal changes are influenced by factors such as physical activity, age, sex, and genetics. While macroscopic and 3D geometric morphometric approaches have been used to study EC, the relationship between macroscopic appearance and microstructure remains still poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>M. deltoideus</i> enthesis was analyzed in nine adult male humeri from Santa María de la Soledad ossuary in Almansa (12th–18th centuries, Spain). Macroscopic robusticity was recorded using Mariotti method to evaluate entheseal changes, while microanatomical analysis combined m-CT scanning and histological thin sections. Mineralized area (% Min. Ar.) was quantified using Fiji-ImageJ, and spatial distribution of non-mineralized cavities was mapped using GIS software. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed in RStudio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The value and distribution of the percentage of mineralized area (% Min. Ar.) depend on the degree of robusticity. Grade 3 entheses showed lower and more variable mineralization, with a valley-shaped distribution. Grades 1 and 2 entheses had a flat-distributed % Min. Ar. whose mean was over 90%. Histological analysis revealed secondary osteon dominance, while spatial analysis showed concentration of bone cavities within the entheses development areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study suggests that macroscopic EC grades may not represent successive phases of bone remodeling and adaptation to mechanical loading. Bone growth of entheses with degrees 1 and 2 is gradual, with a compact and well-organized internal anatomy, whereas entheses with degree 3 may result from extreme mechanical stress that triggers intense bone (re)modeling. Micro-CT and histology provided complementary insights, supporting non-destructive methods for future research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146087371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Variation in Human Bone Collagen Turnover Among Skeletal Elements 人骨胶原蛋白在骨骼元素间转换的变化。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70199
Olivia Hall, Shari L. Forbes, Paul Szpak

Objective

Understanding tissue turnover rate is crucial for isotopic analysis. The stable isotope composition of collagen is often studied in archeology and paleontology, yet bone collagen turnover rates across various skeletal elements remain underexplored. The turnover rate of various skeletal elements in humans was explored to improve the accuracy and reliability of stable isotopic studies.

Materials and Methods

Bone collagen turnover rates were quantified in multiple human skeletal elements using the bomb carbon dating method. Fifty-three skeletal elements from seven donors, aged 54–78, from a human decomposition facility in Québec, Canada, were sampled.

Results

Turnover rates varied significantly among skeletal elements, ranked from slowest to fastest as follows: ulna, humerus, femur, rib, pelvis, and vertebra. Turnover rates must markedly decline through life, and the isotopic composition of bone collagen samples therefore represents a generally long term (years to decade) but uneven (heavily weighted toward earlier life for elements with slow turnover rates) picture of the life history.

Discussion

There can be significant variation in turnover rates within skeletal elements, which researchers should account for in isotopic studies. For stable isotope studies aiming to reconstruct temporal variation in life history, the rib and femur may be among the least suitable paired elements for sampling. Such studies should instead select vertebrae and ulnae due to their highly distinct turnover rates.

目的:了解组织周转率对同位素分析至关重要。胶原蛋白的稳定同位素组成在考古学和古生物学中经常被研究,但骨胶原在各种骨骼元素中的周转率仍未被充分探索。探索人类各种骨骼元素的周转率,以提高稳定同位素研究的准确性和可靠性。材料和方法:使用炸弹碳定年法定量测定多种人体骨骼元素中的骨胶原周转率。研究人员从加拿大quamezbec的人体分解设施中提取了7名年龄在54-78岁之间的捐赠者的53个骨骼样本。结果:不同骨骼元素的周转率差异显著,从慢到快依次为:尺骨、肱骨、股骨、肋骨、骨盆和椎骨。在生命的过程中,周转率必然显著下降,因此骨胶原样品的同位素组成通常代表了一个长期(数年至十年)但不均衡(周转率慢的元素严重偏重于早期生命)的生命史图景。讨论:骨骼元素的周转率可能存在显著差异,研究人员应该在同位素研究中考虑到这一点。对于旨在重建生活史时间变化的稳定同位素研究,肋骨和股骨可能是最不适合采样的配对元素之一。这样的研究应该选择椎骨和尺骨,因为它们的周转率非常不同。
{"title":"Variation in Human Bone Collagen Turnover Among Skeletal Elements","authors":"Olivia Hall,&nbsp;Shari L. Forbes,&nbsp;Paul Szpak","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70199","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding tissue turnover rate is crucial for isotopic analysis. The stable isotope composition of collagen is often studied in archeology and paleontology, yet bone collagen turnover rates across various skeletal elements remain underexplored. The turnover rate of various skeletal elements in humans was explored to improve the accuracy and reliability of stable isotopic studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bone collagen turnover rates were quantified in multiple human skeletal elements using the bomb carbon dating method. Fifty-three skeletal elements from seven donors, aged 54–78, from a human decomposition facility in Québec, Canada, were sampled.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Turnover rates varied significantly among skeletal elements, ranked from slowest to fastest as follows: ulna, humerus, femur, rib, pelvis, and vertebra. Turnover rates must markedly decline through life, and the isotopic composition of bone collagen samples therefore represents a generally long term (years to decade) but uneven (heavily weighted toward earlier life for elements with slow turnover rates) picture of the life history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There can be significant variation in turnover rates within skeletal elements, which researchers should account for in isotopic studies. For stable isotope studies aiming to reconstruct temporal variation in life history, the rib and femur may be among the least suitable paired elements for sampling. Such studies should instead select vertebrae and ulnae due to their highly distinct turnover rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146012550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who the Plague Chose: Exploring Intersecting Social Risk in Black Death Mortality 鼠疫选择了谁:探索黑死病死亡率的交叉社会风险。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70206
Marlon Cuaya, K. Godde

Objectives

This study investigates how demographic factors influenced mortality risk during the Black Death. Uniquely, we examine how specific ages-at-death given sex (e.g., 18–26 years old, female) experienced the Black Death and whether the intersection of those identities further compounded vulnerability. We hypothesize that individuals who were at the intersection of being younger and male faced higher mortality risk.

Materials and Methods

We analyzed skeletal data from seven medieval London cemeteries using the Wellcome Osteological Research Database (WORD). The variables analyzed were the interaction of sex and age-at-death, and we controlled for heterogeneity in the attritional burials with a variable identifying cemeteries as being composed of laypersons/religious clergy/combination, urban/rural context, and frailty markers. Logistic regression assessed plague mortality risk, with survivorship compared via Kaplan–Meier curves. Missing data were imputed with missForest.

Results

Only one category in the interaction term, males aged 52–64, was statistically significant and protective, showing lower odds of being buried in the plague cemetery. Urban/rural context and layperson/religious/combination were not statistically significant, but the presence of frailty was.

Discussion

Our findings indicate that the Black Death amplified biological and social vulnerabilities: supporting our hypothesis, middle-aged males had higher mortality risk in the Black Death cemetery, possibly due to differences in social buffering and biological resilience. These results demonstrate the complex intersection of social and biological factors in shaping plague mortality, where biological susceptibility may have outweighed social disadvantage. These findings show how pandemics are shaped by existing social inequalities, offering important insight for understanding health disparities.

目的:本研究探讨人口因素如何影响黑死病期间的死亡风险。独特的是,我们研究了特定的死亡年龄(例如,18-26岁,女性)是如何经历黑死病的,以及这些身份的交集是否进一步加剧了脆弱性。我们假设处于年轻和男性交叉点的个体面临更高的死亡风险。材料和方法:我们使用威康骨学研究数据库(WORD)分析了七个中世纪伦敦墓地的骨骼数据。分析的变量是性别和死亡年龄的相互作用,我们控制了消耗性埋葬的异质性,变量识别墓地由外行人/宗教神职人员/组合组成,城市/农村背景和虚弱标记。Logistic回归评估鼠疫死亡风险,并通过Kaplan-Meier曲线比较生存率。缺失的数据用misforest进行输入。结果:交互作用项中只有52-64岁男性具有统计学显著性和保护性,被埋葬在鼠疫墓地的几率较低。城市/农村背景和外行/宗教/组合没有统计学意义,但虚弱的存在有统计学意义。讨论:我们的研究结果表明,黑死病放大了生物和社会脆弱性:支持我们的假设,中年男性在黑死病墓地有更高的死亡风险,可能是由于社会缓冲和生物恢复力的差异。这些结果表明,在形成鼠疫死亡率方面,社会和生物因素存在复杂的交叉作用,其中生物易感性可能超过了社会不利因素。这些发现表明,流行病是如何受到现有社会不平等的影响,为理解健康差异提供了重要见解。
{"title":"Who the Plague Chose: Exploring Intersecting Social Risk in Black Death Mortality","authors":"Marlon Cuaya,&nbsp;K. Godde","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70206","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates how demographic factors influenced mortality risk during the Black Death. Uniquely, we examine how specific ages-at-death given sex (e.g., 18–26 years old, female) experienced the Black Death and whether the intersection of those identities further compounded vulnerability. We hypothesize that individuals who were at the intersection of being younger and male faced higher mortality risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed skeletal data from seven medieval London cemeteries using the Wellcome Osteological Research Database (WORD). The variables analyzed were the interaction of sex and age-at-death, and we controlled for heterogeneity in the attritional burials with a variable identifying cemeteries as being composed of laypersons/religious clergy/combination, urban/rural context, and frailty markers. Logistic regression assessed plague mortality risk, with survivorship compared via Kaplan–Meier curves. Missing data were imputed with missForest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Only one category in the interaction term, males aged 52–64, was statistically significant and protective, showing lower odds of being buried in the plague cemetery. Urban/rural context and layperson/religious/combination were not statistically significant, but the presence of frailty was.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate that the Black Death amplified biological and social vulnerabilities: supporting our hypothesis, middle-aged males had higher mortality risk in the Black Death cemetery, possibly due to differences in social buffering and biological resilience. These results demonstrate the complex intersection of social and biological factors in shaping plague mortality, where biological susceptibility may have outweighed social disadvantage. These findings show how pandemics are shaped by existing social inequalities, offering important insight for understanding health disparities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Commentary on Seersholm Et al.: Yersinia pestis Infection Is Not Synonymous With Deadly Plague in Neolithic Scandinavia 对Seersholm等人的评论:在新石器时代的斯堪的纳维亚,鼠疫耶尔森氏菌感染不是致命鼠疫的同义词。
IF 2 2区 生物学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.70200
Hamadou Oumarou Hama, Michel Drancourt, Philip Slavin, Florent Sebbane

Objectives

Emerging genomic evidence has identified ancestral strains of Yersinia pestis in ancient human populations, which has sparked debates about its pathogenic role in later Neolithic societies. Here, we review published evidence linking anthropological and biological data reflecting the past natural history of Y. pestis infection.

Materials and Methods

Review of reported ancient Y. pestis genomes, paleomicrobiological, archaeological, and ecological data related to ancient plague.

Results and Discussion

While some researchers attributed the Scandinavian Neolithic population decline to plague epidemics, we argue that early Y. pestis strains were more likely associated with outbreaks of food-borne enteritis rather than flea-borne plague. This hypothesis is supported by genetic, archaeological, and ecological analyses, which indicate that Y. pestis evolved key flea-borne transmission mechanisms only later in its history.

目的:新出现的基因组证据已经在古代人群中发现了鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的祖先菌株,这引发了关于其在新石器时代晚期社会中致病作用的争论。在这里,我们回顾了已发表的证据,将反映鼠疫杆菌感染过去自然历史的人类学和生物学数据联系起来。材料和方法:回顾已报道的古代鼠疫耶尔森氏菌基因组、古微生物学、考古学和与古代鼠疫有关的生态学资料。结果和讨论:虽然一些研究人员将斯堪的纳维亚新石器时代人口的下降归因于鼠疫流行,但我们认为,早期鼠疫杆菌菌株更可能与食源性肠炎的爆发有关,而不是跳蚤传播的鼠疫。这一假设得到了遗传学、考古学和生态学分析的支持,这些分析表明,鼠疫杆菌只是在其历史的后期才进化出关键的蚤媒传播机制。
{"title":"Commentary on Seersholm Et al.: Yersinia pestis Infection Is Not Synonymous With Deadly Plague in Neolithic Scandinavia","authors":"Hamadou Oumarou Hama,&nbsp;Michel Drancourt,&nbsp;Philip Slavin,&nbsp;Florent Sebbane","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70200","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajpa.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emerging genomic evidence has identified ancestral strains of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> in ancient human populations, which has sparked debates about its pathogenic role in later Neolithic societies. Here, we review published evidence linking anthropological and biological data reflecting the past natural history of <i>Y. pestis</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Review of reported ancient <i>Y. pestis</i> genomes, paleomicrobiological, archaeological, and ecological data related to ancient plague.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results and Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While some researchers attributed the Scandinavian Neolithic population decline to plague epidemics, we argue that early <i>Y. pestis</i> strains were more likely associated with outbreaks of food-borne enteritis rather than flea-borne plague. This hypothesis is supported by genetic, archaeological, and ecological analyses, which indicate that <i>Y. pestis</i> evolved key flea-borne transmission mechanisms only later in its history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
American Journal of Biological Anthropology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1