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Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater: Geochemical Basis of Treatment Technologies 地下水中砷污染:治理技术的地球化学基础
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00053
Sushil R. Kanel*, Tonoy K. Das, Rajender S. Varma, Sudarshan Kurwadkar, Sudip Chakraborty, Tista Prasai Joshi, Achintya N. Bezbaruah and Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda*, 

Arsenic (As) is abundant in the environment and can be found in both organic (e.g., methylated) and inorganic (e.g., arsenate and arsenite) forms. The source of As in the environment is attributed to both natural reactions and anthropogenic activities. As can also be released naturally to groundwater through As-bearing minerals including arsenopyrites, realgar, and orpiment. Similarly, agricultural and industrial activities have elevated As levels in groundwater. High levels of As in groundwater pose serious health risks and have been regulated in many developed and developing countries. In particular, the presence of inorganic forms of As in drinking water sources gained widespread attention due to their cellular and enzyme disruption activities. The research community has primarily focused on reviewing the natural occurrence and mobilization of As. Yet, As originating from anthropogenic activities, its mobility, and potential treatment techniques have not been covered. This review summarizes the origin, geochemistry, occurrence, mobilization, microbial interaction of natural and anthropogenic-As, and common remediation technologies for As removal from groundwater. In addition, As remediation methods are critically evaluated in terms of practical applicability at drinking water treatment plants, knowledge gaps, and future research needs. Finally, perspectives on As removal technologies and associated implementation limitations in developing countries and small communities are discussed.

砷(As)在环境中含量丰富,可以以有机(如甲基化)和无机(如砷酸盐和亚砷酸盐)形式存在。环境中砷的来源既可归因于自然反应,也可归因于人类活动。砷也可以通过砷黄铁矿、雄黄和雌黄等含砷矿物自然释放到地下水中。同样,农业和工业活动也提高了地下水中的砷含量。地下水中砷含量高会对健康造成严重风险,许多发达国家和发展中国家都对此进行了监管。特别是,饮用水源中无机形式As的存在由于其细胞和酶破坏活性而受到广泛关注。研究界主要关注As的自然发生和动员。然而,源于人类活动的As、其流动性和潜在的治疗技术尚未涵盖。本文综述了天然和人为砷的来源、地球化学、赋存、迁移、微生物相互作用以及地下水中常见的砷去除修复技术。此外,根据饮用水处理厂的实际适用性、知识差距和未来的研究需求,对As修复方法进行了严格评估。最后,讨论了对砷去除技术的看法以及在发展中国家和小社区的相关实施限制。
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引用次数: 5
Rapid Estimation of Climate–Air Quality Interactions in Integrated Assessment Using a Response Surface Model 基于响应面模型的综合评估中气候-空气质量相互作用的快速估计
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00054
Sebastian D. Eastham*, Erwan Monier, Daniel Rothenberg, Sergey Paltsev and Noelle E. Selin, 

Air quality and climate change are substantial and linked sustainability challenges, and there is a need for improved tools to assess the implications of addressing these challenges together. Due to the high computational cost of accurately assessing these challenges, integrated assessment models (IAMs) used in policy development often use global- or regional-scale marginal response factors to calculate air quality impacts of climate scenarios. We bridge the gap between IAMs and high-fidelity simulation by developing a computationally efficient approach to quantify how combined climate and air quality interventions affect air quality outcomes, including capturing spatial heterogeneity and complex atmospheric chemistry. We fit individual response surfaces to high-fidelity model simulation output for 1525 locations worldwide under a variety of perturbation scenarios. Our approach captures known differences in atmospheric chemical regimes and can be straightforwardly implemented in IAMs, enabling researchers to rapidly estimate how air quality in different locations and related equity-based metrics will respond to large-scale changes in emission policy. We find that the sensitivity of air quality to climate change and air pollutant emission reductions differs in sign and magnitude by region, suggesting that calculations of “co-benefits” of climate policy that do not account for the existence of simultaneous air quality interventions can lead to inaccurate conclusions. Although reductions in global mean temperature are effective in improving air quality in many locations and sometimes yield compounding benefits, we show that the air quality impact of climate policy depends on air quality precursor emission stringency. Our approach can be extended to include results from higher-resolution modeling and also to incorporate other interventions toward sustainable development that interact with climate action and have spatially distributed equity dimensions.

空气质量和气候变化是重大的、相互关联的可持续性挑战,需要改进工具来评估共同应对这些挑战的影响。由于准确评估这些挑战的计算成本很高,政策制定中使用的综合评估模型通常使用全球或区域范围的边际响应因子来计算气候情景对空气质量的影响。我们通过开发一种计算高效的方法来量化气候和空气质量综合干预措施如何影响空气质量结果,包括捕捉空间异质性和复杂的大气化学,从而弥合IAM和高保真模拟之间的差距。在各种扰动场景下,我们将全球1525个地点的单个响应面拟合为高保真度模型模拟输出。我们的方法捕捉到了大气化学状态的已知差异,可以直接在IAM中实施,使研究人员能够快速估计不同地点的空气质量和相关的基于公平的指标将如何应对排放政策的大规模变化。我们发现,空气质量对气候变化和空气污染物减排的敏感性因地区而异,这表明,如果不考虑同时存在空气质量干预措施,对气候政策“共同利益”的计算可能会导致不准确的结论。尽管全球平均气温的降低对改善许多地区的空气质量是有效的,有时还会产生复合效益,但我们表明,气候政策对空气质量的影响取决于空气质量前体排放的严格程度。我们的方法可以扩展到包括更高分辨率建模的结果,也可以包括与气候行动相互作用并具有空间分布公平维度的其他可持续发展干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Hands Are Frequently Contaminated with Fecal Bacteria and Enteric Pathogens Globally: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 全球手经常被粪便细菌和肠道病原体污染:一项系统综述和荟萃分析
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00039
Molly E. Cantrell, Émile Sylvestre, Hannah C. Wharton, Rahel Scheidegger, Lou Curchod, David M. Gute, Jeffrey Griffiths, Timothy R. Julian* and Amy J. Pickering*, 

Enteric pathogen infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with the highest disease burden in low-income countries. Hands act as intermediaries in enteric pathogen transmission, transferring enteric pathogens between people and the environment through contact with fomites, food, water, and soil. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of prevalence and concentrations of fecal indicator microorganisms (i.e., E. coli, fecal coliform) and enteric pathogens on hands. We identified 84 studies, reporting 35,440 observations of hand contamination of people in community or household settings. The studies investigated 44 unique microorganisms, of which the most commonly reported indicators were E. coli and fecal coliforms. Hand contamination with 12 unique enteric pathogens was reported, with adenovirus and norovirus as the most frequent. Mean E. coli prevalence on hands was 62% [95% CI 40%–82%] and mean fecal coliform prevalence was 66% [95% CI 22%–100%]. Hands were more likely to be contaminated with E. coli in low/lower-middle-income countries (prevalence: 69% [95% CI 48%–88%]) than in upper-middle/high-income countries (6% [95% CI 2%–12%]). The Review also highlights the importance of standardizing hand sampling methods, as hand rinsing was associated with greater fecal contamination compared to other sampling methods.

肠道病原体感染是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因,低收入国家的疾病负担最高。手是肠道病原体传播的媒介,通过接触寄生虫、食物、水和土壤在人与环境之间传播肠道病原体。在这项研究中,我们对手上粪便指示微生物(即大肠杆菌、粪大肠菌群)和肠道病原体的流行率和浓度进行了系统审查。我们确定了84项研究,报告了35440项关于社区或家庭环境中人的手部污染的观察结果。这项研究调查了44种独特的微生物,其中最常见的指标是大肠杆菌和粪便大肠菌群。据报道,手部被12种独特的肠道病原体污染,其中腺病毒和诺如病毒最为常见。手上的平均大肠杆菌流行率为62%[95%CI 40%-82%],平均粪便大肠菌群流行率为66%[95%CI 22%-100%]。中低收入国家的手更容易被大肠杆菌污染(患病率:69%[95%CI 48%-88%]),而中上收入/高收入国家(6%[95%CI 2%-12%])。该审查还强调了标准化手部采样方法的重要性,因为与其他采样方法相比,手部冲洗会导致更大的粪便污染。
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引用次数: 0
A Review on the Challenges and Choices for Food Waste Valorization: Environmental and Economic Impacts 食品垃圾资源化的挑战与选择:环境与经济影响
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00050
Poritosh Roy, Amar K. Mohanty*, Phil Dick and Manjusri Misra*, 

Valorization of food waste (FW) is instrumental for reducing the environmental and economic burden of FW and transitioning to a circular economy. The FW valorization process has widely been studied to produce various end-use products and summarize them; however, their economic, environmental, and social aspects are limited. This study synthesizes some of the valorization methods used for FW management and produces value-added products for various applications, and also discusses the technological advances and their environmental, economic, and social aspects. Globally, 1.3 billion tonnes of edible food is lost or wasted each year, during which about 3.3 billion tonnes of greenhouse gas is emitted. The environmental (−347 to 2969 kg CO2 equiv/tonne FW) and economic (−100 to $138/tonne FW) impacts of FW depend on the multiple parameters of food chains and waste management systems. Although enormous efforts are underway to reduce FW as well as valorize unavoidable FW to reduce environmental and economic loss, it seems the transdisciplinary approach/initiative would be essential to minimize FW as well as abate the environmental impacts of FW. A joint effort from stakeholders is the key to reducing FW and the efficient and effective valorization of FW to improve its sustainability. However, any initiative in reducing food waste should consider a broader sustainability check to avoid risks to investment and the environment.

食物垃圾的价值化有助于减轻食物垃圾的环境和经济负担,并向循环经济过渡。FW定价过程已被广泛研究,以生产各种最终用途产品并对其进行总结;然而,它们的经济、环境和社会方面是有限的。本研究综合了FW管理中使用的一些定价方法,并生产了各种应用的增值产品,还讨论了技术进步及其环境、经济和社会方面的问题。在全球范围内,每年有13亿吨可食用食品损失或浪费,在此期间排放了约33亿吨温室气体。FW对环境(−347至2969千克二氧化碳当量/吨FW)和经济(−100至138美元/吨FW)的影响取决于食物链和废物管理系统的多个参数。尽管正在做出巨大努力来减少FW,并对不可避免的FW进行估价,以减少环境和经济损失,但似乎跨学科的方法/举措对于最大限度地减少FW和减轻FW的环境影响至关重要。利益相关者的共同努力是减少FW以及提高FW可持续性的有效定价的关键。然而,任何减少食物浪费的举措都应该考虑更广泛的可持续性检查,以避免投资和环境风险。
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引用次数: 19
ACS Environmental Au Recognizes 2022 Rising Stars in Environmental Research ACS环境协会表彰2022年环境研究新星
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00069
Xiang-dong Li*, Ian T. Cousins and Keri C. Hornbuckle, 
T future of our planet relies on collaborative efforts and innovative solutions to the many pressing environmental challenges we face. Early career researchers are at the forefront of developing new and impactful science and technology in global environmental research arena. To recognize their significant contributions and foster future collaboration, ACS Environmental Au plans to organize virtual special issues highlighting some of the Rising Stars in Environmental Research and to promote their outstanding research to our readers. As the Editors of ACS Environmental Au, we are pleased to share our inaugural virtual special issue of Rising Stars in Environmental Research! Six early career investigators have been selected from around the world who are working on addressing important environmental research issues (e.g., air quality, biogeochemistry, climate change, life-cycle assessment, water pollution and treatment technology). Each “Rising Star” has contributed an outstanding peer-reviewed Article, Perspective or Review on topics addressing global environmental issues, and we are delighted to gather these contributions into a single collection to showcase their work and shine a spotlight on them. We encourage you to learn about these researchers and their work through the biographies below, their research group webpages, and their ACS Environmental Au publications that are part of this virtual special issue.
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引用次数: 0
What Controls the Sulfur Isotope Fractionation during Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction? 是什么控制了异化硫酸盐还原过程中的硫同位素分馏?
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00059
Min Sub Sim*, Dong Kyun Woo, Bokyung Kim, Hyeonjeong Jeong, Young Ji Joo, Yeon Woo Hong and Jy Young Choi, 

Sulfate often behaves conservatively in the oxygenated environments but serves as an electron acceptor for microbial respiration in a wide range of natural and engineered systems where oxygen is depleted. As a ubiquitous anaerobic dissimilatory pathway, therefore, microbial reduction of sulfate to sulfide has been of continuing interest in the field of microbiology, ecology, biochemistry, and geochemistry. Stable isotopes of sulfur are an effective tool for tracking this catabolic process as microorganisms discriminate strongly against heavy isotopes when cleaving the sulfur–oxygen bond. Along with its high preservation potential in environmental archives, a wide variation in the sulfur isotope effects can provide insights into the physiology of sulfate reducing microorganisms across temporal and spatial barriers. A vast array of parameters, including phylogeny, temperature, respiration rate, and availability of sulfate, electron donor, and other essential nutrients, has been explored as a possible determinant of the magnitude of isotope fractionation, and there is now a broad consensus that the relative availability of sulfate and electron donors primarily controls the magnitude of fractionation. As the ratio shifts toward sulfate, the sulfur isotope fractionation increases. The results of conceptual models, centered on the reversibility of each enzymatic step in the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway, are in qualitative agreement with the observations, although the underlying intracellular mechanisms that translate the external stimuli into the isotopic phenotype remain largely unexplored experimentally. This minireview offers a snapshot of our current understanding of the sulfur isotope effects during dissimilatory sulfate reduction as well as their potential quantitative applications. It emphasizes the importance of sulfate respiration as a model system for the isotopic investigation of other respiratory pathways that utilize oxyanions as terminal electron acceptors.

硫酸盐在含氧环境中通常表现保守,但在氧气耗尽的各种天然和工程系统中,硫酸盐是微生物呼吸的电子受体。因此,作为一种普遍存在的厌氧异化途径,微生物将硫酸盐还原为硫化物在微生物学、生态学、生物化学和地球化学领域一直备受关注。硫的稳定同位素是追踪这种分解代谢过程的有效工具,因为微生物在裂解硫-氧键时强烈歧视重同位素。硫同位素效应的广泛变化,除了在环境档案中具有很高的保存潜力外,还可以跨越时间和空间障碍,深入了解硫酸盐还原微生物的生理学。一系列参数,包括系统发育、温度、呼吸速率、硫酸盐、电子供体和其他必需营养物质的可用性,已被探索为同位素分馏幅度的可能决定因素,现在人们普遍认为硫酸盐和电子供体的相对可用性主要控制分馏幅度。随着比例向硫酸盐转变,硫同位素分馏增加。以异化硫酸盐还原途径中每个酶步骤的可逆性为中心的概念模型的结果与观察结果在质量上一致,尽管将外部刺激转化为同位素表型的潜在细胞内机制在很大程度上尚未通过实验进行探索。这篇小型综述简要介绍了我们目前对异化硫酸盐还原过程中硫同位素效应的理解及其潜在的定量应用。它强调了硫酸盐呼吸作为利用氧阴离子作为末端电子受体的其他呼吸途径同位素研究的模型系统的重要性。
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引用次数: 3
Hormetic Effect of Pyroligneous Acids on Conjugative Transfer of Plasmid-mediated Multi-antibiotic Resistance Genes within Bacterial Genus 热解酸对细菌属内质粒介导的多重耐药基因共轭转移的激效作用
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00056
Mengying Shao, Liuqingqing Liu, Bingjie Liu, Hao Zheng*, Wei Meng, Yifan Liu, Xiao Zhang, Xiaohan Ma, Cuizhu Sun, Xianxiang Luo, Fengmin Li and Baoshan Xing*, 

Spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by conjugation poses great challenges to public health. Application of pyroligneous acids (PA) as soil amendments has been evidenced as a practical strategy to remediate pollution of ARGs in soils. However, little is known about PA effects on horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs by conjugation. This study investigated the effects of a woody waste-derived PA prepared at 450°C and its three distillation components (F1, F2, and F3) at different temperatures (98, 130, and 220°C) on conjugative transfer of plasmid RP4 within Escherichia coli. PA at relatively high amount (40–100 μL) in a 30-mL mating system inhibited conjugation by 74–85%, following an order of PA > F3 ≈ F2 ≈ F1, proving the hypothesis that PA amendments may mitigate soil ARG pollution by inhibiting HGT. The bacteriostasis caused by antibacterial components of PA, including acids, phenols, and alcohols, as well as its acidity (pH 2.81) contributed to the inhibited conjugation. However, a relatively low amount (10–20 μL) of PA in the same mating system enhanced ARG transfer by 26–47%, following an order of PA > F3 ≈ F2 > F1. The opposite effect at low amount is mainly attributed to the increased intracellular reactive oxygen species production, enhanced cell membrane permeability, increased extracellular polymeric substance contents, and reduced cell surface charge. Our findings highlight the hormesis (low-amount promotion and high-amount inhibition) of PA amendments on ARG conjugation and provide evidence for selecting an appropriate amount of PA amendment to control the dissemination of soil ARGs. Moreover, the promoted conjugation also triggers questions regarding the potential risks of soil amendments (e.g., PA) in the spread of ARGs via HGT.

抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的结合传播给公众健康带来了巨大挑战。焦木酸(PA)作为土壤改良剂的应用已被证明是修复土壤中ARGs污染的一种实用策略。然而,人们对PA通过偶联对ARGs水平基因转移(HGT)的影响知之甚少。本研究研究了在450°C下制备的木质废弃物衍生PA及其三种蒸馏组分(F1、F2和F3)在不同温度(98、130和220°C)下对质粒RP4在大肠杆菌内偶联转移的影响。在30 mL交配系统中,相对较高量(40–100μL)的PA抑制接合74–85%,遵循PA>;F3≈F2≈F1,证明了PA改良剂可以通过抑制HGT来减轻土壤ARG污染的假说。PA的抗菌成分,包括酸、酚和醇,以及其酸度(pH 2.81)引起的抑菌作用有助于抑制结合。然而,在同一交配系统中,相对较低量(10–20μL)的PA使ARG转移增强了26–47%,遵循PA>;F3≈F2>;F1.在低量下的相反作用主要归因于细胞内活性氧产生的增加、细胞膜通透性的增强、细胞外聚合物含量的增加和细胞表面电荷的减少。我们的研究结果强调了PA改良剂对ARG结合的刺激作用(低量促进和高量抑制),并为选择适量的PA改良剂来控制土壤ARG的传播提供了证据。此外,促进的结合还引发了关于土壤改良剂(如PA)通过HGT传播ARGs的潜在风险的问题。
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引用次数: 3
Reconciling Methane Emission Measurements for Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms with Detailed Emission Inventories: Accounting for Emission Intermittency 调和海上石油和天然气平台的甲烷排放测量与详细的排放清单:核算排放间歇性
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00041
Zhichao Chen, Tara I. Yacovitch, Conner Daube, Scott C. Herndon, Darcy Wilson, Stacie Enoch and David T. Allen*, 

Comparisons of observation-based emission estimates with emission inventories for oil and gas production operations have demonstrated that intermittency in emissions is an important factor to be accounted for in reconciling inventories with observations. Most emission inventories do not directly report data on durations of active emissions, and the variability in emissions over time must be inferred from other measurements or engineering calculations. This work examines a unique emission inventory, assembled for offshore oil and gas production platforms in federal waters of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) of the United States, which reports production-related sources on individual platforms, along with estimates of emission duration for individual sources. Platform specific emission rates, derived from the inventory, were compared to shipboard measurements made at 72 platforms. The reconciliation demonstrates that emission duration reporting, by source, can lead to predicted ranges in emissions that are much broader than those based on annual average emission rates. For platforms in federal waters, total emissions reported in the inventory for the matched platforms were within ∼10% of emissions estimated based on observations, depending on emission rates assumed for nondetects in the observational data set. The distributions of emissions were similar, with 75% of platform total emission rates falling between 0 and 49 kg/h for the observations and between 0.59 and 54 kg/h for the inventory.

将基于观测的排放估计数与石油和天然气生产作业的排放清单进行比较表明,排放的间歇性是核对清单与观测值时需要考虑的一个重要因素。大多数排放清单没有直接报告活动排放持续时间的数据,排放量随时间的变化必须从其他测量或工程计算中推断出来。这项工作审查了一份独特的排放清单,该清单是为美国外大陆架联邦水域的海上石油和天然气生产平台编制的,报告了各个平台上的生产相关来源,以及对各个来源的排放持续时间的估计。根据清单得出的平台比排放率与72个平台的船上测量值进行了比较。对账表明,按来源进行的排放持续时间报告可以导致预测的排放范围比基于年平均排放率的排放范围宽得多。对于联邦水域内的平台,匹配平台清单中报告的总排放量在基于观测估计的排放量的~10%以内,这取决于观测数据集中非探测假设的排放率。排放量的分布相似,75%的平台总排放率在0至49 kg/h之间,在0.59至54 kg/h之间。
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引用次数: 2
Template for Evaluating Cradle-to-Site Environmental Life Cycle Impacts of Buildings in India 印度建筑从摇篮到现场的环境生命周期影响评估模板
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00035
Abhishek Chaudhary*,  and , Amaan Akhtar, 
A massive amount of building construction is expected in economically developing nations such as India over the next few years. The first step in ensuring that the new construction takes place in a sustainable manner is the knowledge about the building’s impact on multiple environmental domains. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a promising tool for this, but its application in the Indian construction sector is hampered by a lack of access to detailed inventory data on amounts of all building materials used and the per unit environmental footprints of individual materials (characterization factors). Here, we overcome these limitations by proposing a novel approach that connects the building bill of quantity data with publicly available analysis of rate documents to obtain the detailed material inventory. The approach then combines the material inventory data with the newly available India-specific environmental footprint database of construction materials to calculate the impacts of a building during its different life cycle stages (cradle to site). We demonstrate the new approach through a case study of a residential building within a hospital in North-East India and quantify its environmental footprint on six domains of the environment: energy use, global warming, ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication, and photochemical oxidant formation potential. Results show that out of 78 materials used, bricks, aluminum sections, steel bars, and cement are the major contributors to the building’s total environmental impact. The material manufacturing stage is the hotspot in the building’s life cycle. Our approach can act as a template for conducting “cradle-to-site” LCA of buildings for which BOQ data becomes available in India and other countries in the future.
未来几年,印度等经济发展中国家预计将进行大量的建筑施工。确保新建筑以可持续的方式进行的第一步是了解建筑对多个环境领域的影响。生命周期评估(LCA)是一种很有前途的工具,但由于无法获得有关所有建筑材料使用量和单个材料的单位环境足迹(特征因子)的详细库存数据,它在印度建筑行业的应用受到了阻碍。在这里,我们通过提出一种新的方法来克服这些限制,该方法将建筑工程量清单数据与公开的费率文件分析联系起来,以获得详细的材料库存。然后,该方法将材料库存数据与新提供的印度特定建筑材料环境足迹数据库相结合,以计算建筑在不同生命周期阶段(从摇篮到现场)的影响。我们通过对印度东北部一家医院内的住宅楼的案例研究,展示了这一新方法,并量化了其对环境六个领域的环境足迹:能源使用、全球变暖、臭氧消耗、酸化、富营养化和光化学氧化剂形成潜力。结果表明,在使用的78种材料中,砖、铝型材、钢筋和水泥是对建筑总环境影响的主要贡献者。材料制造阶段是建筑生命周期中的热点。我们的方法可以作为对印度和其他国家未来可获得BOQ数据的建筑进行“从摇篮到现场”LCA的模板。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable Development: 30 Years Since the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit 可持续发展:里约热内卢地球峰会30周年
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00065
Yi Jiang*,  and , Xiangdong Li*, 
T year marks the 30th anniversary of Sustainable Development being institutionalized at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (also commonly called the Rio de Janeiro “Earth Summit”) in 1992. The adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015 further laid out a concrete plan to achieve the 17 interlinked Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. These SDGs include poverty alleviation, clean water, human health, climate change, and sustainable energy, and are collectively regarded as “a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future.” Sustainability is gradually being integrated into every aspect of our society. A recent example is the emergence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG), which is now impacting the operation of major corporations worldwide. Yet, despite recent advances, we cannot ignore the fact that massive efforts are required to meet the SDGs by 2030. For instance, among many striking statistics is the fact that the proportion of the global population using safely managed drinking water services only increased from 70 to 74% between 2015 and 2020. The rate of progress would need to grow 4-fold to reach universal coverage by 2030. Now more than ever, we require concerted efforts on financing, technology dissemination, capacity building, and international collaboration. Science and innovation play a pivotal role in facilitating advances, and open access to key research results accelerates our progress. In this issue of ACS Environmental Au, we are pleased to present a collection of six publications that contribute to advancing our progress toward some of the key SDGs. We have categorized them based on the SDG that each publication is most relevant to.
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引用次数: 1
期刊
ACS Environmental Au
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