. The article presents the results of regional typification for the Kherson region by water availability for irrigation, taking into account the possible environmental risk as a result of the increase in irrigated area. The grouping of the territories previously differentiated by water availability into the following subtypes was performed: low rate of natural surface and groundwater water availability; sufficient rate of groundwater availability variously suitable for irrigation; high level of transit river flow availability; provided water supply of different quality from irrigation sources. Also, the territory grouping was made by the zones of ecological risk according to ecological and amelioration qualifications along with the separation of admissible ecological risk zones (potentially conditionally unstable areas with good ecological and reclamation conditions), zones of increased ecological or potentially unstable areas with the satisfactory and endangered condition), zones of sustainable ecological risk (potentially unstable areas with the unsatisfactory or very unsatisfactory land condition), zones of ecological crises development (potentially very unstable with the very unsatisfactory land condition). It was specified that within the Kherson region predominate the areas with low natural water supply from local surface flow in combination with the zones of increased ecological risk (Kakhovka irrigation zone) or with the zones of stable ecological risk (Oleksandrivska irrigation zone, Kalanchak irrigation system). Additional surface water supply for irrigation is provided by the main canals from the Kakhovka reservoir. Further increase in irrigation areas within these typological territories, on the one hand, can be provided with available resources on the other hand, may lead to deterioration of ecological and reclamation condition of irrigated land and aggravation of water and ecological situation, first of all, rising groundwater level.
{"title":"Typification of Kherson region by water availability for irrigation and its environmental consequences","authors":"A. Shevchenko, R. P. Bozhenko, S. M. Lyutnitsky","doi":"10.31073/mivg202201-314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202201-314","url":null,"abstract":". The article presents the results of regional typification for the Kherson region by water availability for irrigation, taking into account the possible environmental risk as a result of the increase in irrigated area. The grouping of the territories previously differentiated by water availability into the following subtypes was performed: low rate of natural surface and groundwater water availability; sufficient rate of groundwater availability variously suitable for irrigation; high level of transit river flow availability; provided water supply of different quality from irrigation sources. Also, the territory grouping was made by the zones of ecological risk according to ecological and amelioration qualifications along with the separation of admissible ecological risk zones (potentially conditionally unstable areas with good ecological and reclamation conditions), zones of increased ecological or potentially unstable areas with the satisfactory and endangered condition), zones of sustainable ecological risk (potentially unstable areas with the unsatisfactory or very unsatisfactory land condition), zones of ecological crises development (potentially very unstable with the very unsatisfactory land condition). \u0000It was specified that within the Kherson region predominate the areas with low natural water supply from local surface flow in combination with the zones of increased ecological risk (Kakhovka irrigation zone) or with the zones of stable ecological risk (Oleksandrivska irrigation zone, Kalanchak irrigation system). Additional surface water supply for irrigation is provided by the main canals from the Kakhovka reservoir. Further increase in irrigation areas within these typological territories, on the one hand, can be provided with available resources on the other hand, may lead to deterioration of ecological and reclamation condition of irrigated land and aggravation of water and ecological situation, first of all, rising groundwater level.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126834074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Shatkovskyi, F. Melnychuk, M. Retman, O. Gulenko, V. V. Kaliley
The article presents the results of experimental studies on the effect of micro-irrigation methods (drip irrigation with the surface laying of irrigation pipelines (IP) and subsoil drip irrigation with laying of IP at a depth of 30 cm) on the species and quantitative composition of weeds. The variant with a natural moisture supply (without irrigation) served as a reference area. Field research was conducted in the period 2020-2021 on the lands of the Brylivs’ke experimental field of the Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS (Dry Steppe subzone) in sunflower and chickpea crops. Monitoring of the number and species composition of weeds was carried out by applying the recording framework by the method of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS during the third decade of May and the third decade of August. Based on the results of experimental research, it was proved that the irrigation methods (and hence the conditions of moisture supply) reliably influenced the degree of weed development in sunflower and chickpea crops. It was specified that the implementation of subsoil drip irrigation on average over the years of research reduced the degree of weed development in sunflower and chickpea crops by 1,65 and 1,55 times, respectively, compared to the typical surface laying of drip irrigation pipelines. Ultimately, that reduced the pesticide load on the field agro-ecosystem by reducing the number of herbicide treatments of crops by an average of 33-50 %. The species composition of weeds was not significantly affected by the method of irrigation. In addition, the researchers have shown that, regardless of the irrigation method, weed development in crops significantly reduced the productivity of the investigated crops: sunflower by 18,0-21,2 % and chickpea by 27,9-29,7 %. At the same time, in non-irrigated conditions, the degree of weed development had a greater impact on crop yield; thus, yield reduction in the reference variant without irrigation was 24,6 % for sunflower and 30,0 % for chickpeas.
{"title":"Weed development in sunflower and chickpea crops depending on micro-irrigation methods","authors":"A. Shatkovskyi, F. Melnychuk, M. Retman, O. Gulenko, V. V. Kaliley","doi":"10.31073/mivg202201-326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202201-326","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of experimental studies on the effect of micro-irrigation methods (drip irrigation with the surface laying of irrigation pipelines (IP) and subsoil drip irrigation with laying of IP at a depth of 30 cm) on the species and quantitative composition of weeds. The variant with a natural moisture supply (without irrigation) served as a reference area. Field research was conducted in the period 2020-2021 on the lands of the Brylivs’ke experimental field of the Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS (Dry Steppe subzone) in sunflower and chickpea crops. Monitoring of the number and species composition of weeds was carried out by applying the recording framework by the method of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS during the third decade of May and the third decade of August. Based on the results of experimental research, it was proved that the irrigation methods (and hence the conditions of moisture supply) reliably influenced the degree of weed development in sunflower and chickpea crops. It was specified that the implementation of subsoil drip irrigation on average over the years of research reduced the degree of weed development in sunflower and chickpea crops by 1,65 and 1,55 times, respectively, compared to the typical surface laying of drip irrigation pipelines. Ultimately, that reduced the pesticide load on the field agro-ecosystem by reducing the number of herbicide treatments of crops by an average of 33-50 %. The species composition of weeds was not significantly affected by the method of irrigation. In addition, the researchers have shown that, regardless of the irrigation method, weed development in crops significantly reduced the productivity of the investigated crops: sunflower by 18,0-21,2 % and chickpea by 27,9-29,7 %. At the same time, in non-irrigated conditions, the degree of weed development had a greater impact on crop yield; thus, yield reduction in the reference variant without irrigation was 24,6 % for sunflower and 30,0 % for chickpeas. ","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126858189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The problem of floods and conceptual issues of flood protection based on system analysis was considered. It is well-known that floods are among the most dangerous natural phenomena that have accompanied mankind since ancient times. Taking into account the global and multifaceted nature of the flood problem, there is a need to apply a systematic approach to its solution. The main areas in which the problem of floods has been systematically studied and solved in previous years were highlighted. It was found out that the most relevant is the area of developing the concept of flood protection. For the convenience of systematic research of floods and the development of the concept of flood protection, the terminological concepts of flood and flooding were clarified. The possibility and expediency of using the term "flood" as a universal in systematic research were substantiated. The systematic structuring of flood control measures was performed, which is based on the division of measures into two types of protection - situational and preventive. It is proposed to consider the general concept of flood protection as consisting of two alternative concepts: the concept of situational flood protection and the concept of preventive flood protection. It is proposed to choose alternative concepts using the method of functional-cost analysis. The concept of situational flood protection provides for short-term flood forecasting and implementation of situational flood protection measures during flood approach, passage, and end. The concept of preventive flood protection provides for long-term flood forecasting and implementation of one of preventive flood protection measures, among which the most common and promising are hydraulic measures. The systematization of hydraulic flood control measures was performed, which is based on the allocation of two opposite in nature functional alternatives in the structure of measures. By the first functional alternative, the flood flow is diverted from the flood risk zone through the river bed. By the second functional alternative, part of the flood flow is inhibited and delayed in front of the flood risk zone. A system scheme of hydro-technical flood control measures was developed, on which, following functional alternatives many technological alternatives of hydro-technical measures are given.
{"title":"Systematization of floods and anti-flood measures","authors":"V. I. Petrochenko, O. Petrochenko","doi":"10.31073/mivg202201-317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202201-317","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of floods and conceptual issues of flood protection based on system analysis was considered. It is well-known that floods are among the most dangerous natural phenomena that have accompanied mankind since ancient times. Taking into account the global and multifaceted nature of the flood problem, there is a need to apply a systematic approach to its solution. The main areas in which the problem of floods has been systematically studied and solved in previous years were highlighted. It was found out that the most relevant is the area of developing the concept of flood protection. For the convenience of systematic research of floods and the development of the concept of flood protection, the terminological concepts of flood and flooding were clarified. The possibility and expediency of using the term \"flood\" as a universal in systematic research were substantiated. The systematic structuring of flood control measures was performed, which is based on the division of measures into two types of protection - situational and preventive. It is proposed to consider the general concept of flood protection as consisting of two alternative concepts: the concept of situational flood protection and the concept of preventive flood protection. It is proposed to choose alternative concepts using the method of functional-cost analysis. The concept of situational flood protection provides for short-term flood forecasting and implementation of situational flood protection measures during flood approach, passage, and end. The concept of preventive flood protection provides for long-term flood forecasting and implementation of one of preventive flood protection measures, among which the most common and promising are hydraulic measures. The systematization of hydraulic flood control measures was performed, which is based on the allocation of two opposite in nature functional alternatives in the structure of measures. By the first functional alternative, the flood flow is diverted from the flood risk zone through the river bed. By the second functional alternative, part of the flood flow is inhibited and delayed in front of the flood risk zone. A system scheme of hydro-technical flood control measures was developed, on which, following functional alternatives many technological alternatives of hydro-technical measures are given. ","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120989592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of the application of modern systems for modeling and forecasting the production process of lentils in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The correlation-regression analysis shows the high reliability and practical value of the obtained mathematical models of growing lentils for grain depending on the conventional tillage, fertilizer rate, and plant density under different moisture conditions; that is confirmed by the curves based on the experimental data and calculations. Mathematical models of lentils grain yield under different moisture conditions were compiled according to the obtained regression coefficients and free members: without irrigation - Y=1,5896+0,0032×Х1+0,0007×Х2-0,2561×Х3, and when applying irrigation Y=1,0200+0,0051×Х1+0,0022×Х2+0,2656×Х3. The following results were obtained for the dependent variable for different conditions of moisture supply after conducting a regression-normalized analysis of the researched factors in view of yield of lentils, where: in variant without irrigation R = 0.7059; R2 = 0.4983; adjusted R2 = 0.4682; F (3,50) = 16,551 p <0,00000 and standard estimation error was 0,1232; in variant with irrigation R = 0,6131; R2 = 0.3759; adjusted R2 = 0.3385; F (3.50) = 10.04 p <0.00003 and the standard estimation error was 0,2591. Nonlinear multilayer artificial neuron models have been developed for the first time to predict lentils grain yields. Generalized regression artificial neural network GRNN (4-12-7-1) with 12 neurons in the first hidden layer and seven ones in the second hidden layer; learning productivity was 0.215; control productivity was 0.290; test productivity was 0.362; learning error was 0.136; control error was 0.049; test error was 0.066. Taking into account nonlinear patterns of factor effect on lentils grain yield the multiple correlation was 0.96. Based on the results of ranking the researched factors' effect on the dynamics of formation and yield of lentils, it was found that moisture conditions (water consumption, m3/ha) with an impact factor of 4.21 which exceeds other researched factors by almost 2.2 times, are in the first place. Plant density (million/ha) was in second place with a factor of 1.62. The rate of mineral fertilizers (kg/ha of active substance) was in third place, which was slightly inferior to the density of standing plants, resulting in a total of 1.61. The depth of tillage (cm) was in the last fourth place with an impact factor of 1.01.
{"title":"Modern aspects of informatization of agricultural production based on modeling and forecasting the production process of lentils under different conditions of moisture supply","authors":"S. Lavrenko, N. Lavrenko, M. Maksymov","doi":"10.31073/mivg202201-323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202201-323","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the application of modern systems for modeling and forecasting the production process of lentils in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The correlation-regression analysis shows the high reliability and practical value of the obtained mathematical models of growing lentils for grain depending on the conventional tillage, fertilizer rate, and plant density under different moisture conditions; that is confirmed by the curves based on the experimental data and calculations. Mathematical models of lentils grain yield under different moisture conditions were compiled according to the obtained regression coefficients and free members: without irrigation - Y=1,5896+0,0032×Х1+0,0007×Х2-0,2561×Х3, and when applying irrigation Y=1,0200+0,0051×Х1+0,0022×Х2+0,2656×Х3. \u0000The following results were obtained for the dependent variable for different conditions of moisture supply after conducting a regression-normalized analysis of the researched factors in view of yield of lentils, where: in variant without irrigation R = 0.7059; R2 = 0.4983; adjusted R2 = 0.4682; F (3,50) = 16,551 p <0,00000 and standard estimation error was 0,1232; in variant with irrigation R = 0,6131; R2 = 0.3759; adjusted R2 = 0.3385; F (3.50) = 10.04 p <0.00003 and the standard estimation error was 0,2591. \u0000Nonlinear multilayer artificial neuron models have been developed for the first time to predict lentils grain yields. Generalized regression artificial neural network GRNN (4-12-7-1) with 12 neurons in the first hidden layer and seven ones in the second hidden layer; learning productivity was 0.215; control productivity was 0.290; test productivity was 0.362; learning error was 0.136; control error was 0.049; test error was 0.066. Taking into account nonlinear patterns of factor effect on lentils grain yield the multiple correlation was 0.96. Based on the results of ranking the researched factors' effect on the dynamics of formation and yield of lentils, it was found that moisture conditions (water consumption, m3/ha) with an impact factor of 4.21 which exceeds other researched factors by almost 2.2 times, are in the first place. Plant density (million/ha) was in second place with a factor of 1.62. The rate of mineral fertilizers (kg/ha of active substance) was in third place, which was slightly inferior to the density of standing plants, resulting in a total of 1.61. The depth of tillage (cm) was in the last fourth place with an impact factor of 1.01.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121529598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Romashchenko, M. Yatsyuk, R. Saidak, D. Strokon, T. V. Matyash, V. Popov, I. V. Voytovych, V. Knysh
Abstract. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the current state, problems, and the directions of irrigation development in Ukraine. A comprehensive analysis of the technical condition and existing potential of reclamation infrastructure, including inter-farm engineering infrastructure of irrigation networks at the Lower Dniester Irrigation System (LDIS) was made. It was found that the equipment of the pumping stations of LDIS has long been depreciated and is in very poor technical condition, water losses during transportation are 32-35% of the primary water intake, engineering infrastructure has almost run out of its resource and technical condition and parameters do not meet the required level. The average specific power energy consumption for1 water pumping at LDIS per 1000 m3 is 351 kWh, and the share of energy consumption costs in the prime cost of supplied water for irrigation is about 60%. The operation of obsolete equipment is carried out under the conditions of a severe deficit of budget funding, there are almost no funds for current and major repairs of equipment and facilities. The prime cost of water transportation for irrigation per m3 was determined, and the cost of 1 m3 of water for water users was calculated. The sources of financial support for the operation of LDIS were investigated. The operation of LDIS in 2020 was financed by 66% of the state budget and by 34% from the revenues obtained from water users. It was specified that the system of service cost reimbursement does not cover the cost of water supply for irrigation. Based on the results of the technical and economic analysis and energy audit, the total investment needed for a modernization and reconstruction project for LDIS was calculated. The main results of the project implementation are presented, which will increase the volume of gross agricultural output by 1.6 - 1.8 billion UAH / year. Due to the introduction of a set of reconstruction measures for the reconstruction of NDIS, the specific energy consumption of water supply at the water intake point will be reduced from 1.03 kWh / m3 to 0.65 kWh / m3 or by 37%. The total energy savings will be from 0.03 to 0.21-0.25 kWh / m3. Keywords: irrigation, audit, technical condition, energy efficiency, modernization, reconstruction, investments
{"title":"Reconstruction and modernization of inter-farm irrigation systems – the basis of energy efficiency of water supply in irrigation","authors":"M. Romashchenko, M. Yatsyuk, R. Saidak, D. Strokon, T. V. Matyash, V. Popov, I. V. Voytovych, V. Knysh","doi":"10.31073/mivg202201-325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202201-325","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the current state, problems, and the directions of irrigation development in Ukraine. A comprehensive analysis of the technical condition and existing potential of reclamation infrastructure, including inter-farm engineering infrastructure of irrigation networks at the Lower Dniester Irrigation System (LDIS) was made. It was found that the equipment of the pumping stations of LDIS has long been depreciated and is in very poor technical condition, water losses during transportation are 32-35% of the primary water intake, engineering infrastructure has almost run out of its resource and technical condition and parameters do not meet the required level. The average specific power energy consumption for1 water pumping at LDIS per 1000 m3 is 351 kWh, and the share of energy consumption costs in the prime cost of supplied water for irrigation is about 60%. The operation of obsolete equipment is carried out under the conditions of a severe deficit of budget funding, there are almost no funds for current and major repairs of equipment and facilities. The prime cost of water transportation for irrigation per m3 was determined, and the cost of 1 m3 of water for water users was calculated. \u0000The sources of financial support for the operation of LDIS were investigated. The operation of LDIS in 2020 was financed by 66% of the state budget and by 34% from the revenues obtained from water users. It was specified that the system of service cost reimbursement does not cover the cost of water supply for irrigation. Based on the results of the technical and economic analysis and energy audit, the total investment needed for a modernization and reconstruction project for LDIS was calculated. The main results of the project implementation are presented, which will increase the volume of gross agricultural output by 1.6 - 1.8 billion UAH / year. Due to the introduction of a set of reconstruction measures for the reconstruction of NDIS, the specific energy consumption of water supply at the water intake point will be reduced from 1.03 kWh / m3 to 0.65 kWh / m3 or by 37%. The total energy savings will be from 0.03 to 0.21-0.25 kWh / m3. \u0000Keywords: irrigation, audit, technical condition, energy efficiency, modernization, reconstruction, investments","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116041695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Levchuk, V. Maksin, O. Zorina, S. Shevchuk, E. Matselyuk
Modern conditions of industrial fish farming are accompanied by the uncontrolled influence of natural or man-made factors that affect water quality, which in turn affects the quality of products. One of the specific factors is the negative effect of microalgae and their toxins on water quality indicators. There is a need to create mechanisms to eliminate the factors of microalgae development and the manifestation of their toxins, if possible - the destruction of the toxins themselves. Industrial farms must have a system that can eliminate in a preventive automatic mode the negative effect of microalgae on the aquatic environment, while such a system must be safe for the environment and humans. Substantiation of technological and constructive solutions for the microalgae disinfection system operation using an adaptive approach to the structure in general, as well as individual blocks and units based on pulsed electrochemical methods as the main factors influencing water condition. The use of electrolytic methods of microalgae neutralization enables us to simultaneously realize the mechanism of change of toxic effect of aquatic organisms' urine when it is accumulating into nontoxic. This is done through the transformation, oxidation, and reduction of its aqueous solutions, which provides a change in the solution properties to optimal for plant nutrition. The use of electrolytic transformation methods is a new approach to the innovative technology of closed water supply systems (CWSS) for fisheries or greenhouse complexes, which can perform one, two, or more important tasks in a single technological cycle. The first one is the disinfection of hazardous bioagents as well as the destruction and removal of microalgae. The second one is the controlled transformation of the urine of aquatic organisms into a nutrient solution with the necessary ionic form for use by the plant root system. The third one is the synthesis and production of important components such as oxygen and hydrogen. The fourth one is the collection and subsequent use of the condensed fraction of microalgae. The main control parameter of water is light transmission - as a simplified, generalized indicator of the presence of microalgae in the aquatic environment. The system uses an effective process of destructive action on microalgae and their toxins - pulsed load current of electrodes with changes in its parameters and shape to prepare the water structure for better current effect due to cavitation blocks, which also destructively affect microalgae and toxins. When changing light transmission and pH of the working solution, the parameters of the pulsed load current are also changed by the adaptive power supply source to the most efficient. The proposed solution can be improved by using known developments used for better water purification in adaptive water purification systems. One of the promising areas is the selection and direction of microalgae and the condensed fraction of aquati
{"title":"Adaptive microalgae disinfection system as the basis of a new technological approach to closed water supply installations","authors":"A. Levchuk, V. Maksin, O. Zorina, S. Shevchuk, E. Matselyuk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202201-319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202201-319","url":null,"abstract":"Modern conditions of industrial fish farming are accompanied by the uncontrolled influence of natural or man-made factors that affect water quality, which in turn affects the quality of products. One of the specific factors is the negative effect of microalgae and their toxins on water quality indicators. There is a need to create mechanisms to eliminate the factors of microalgae development and the manifestation of their toxins, if possible - the destruction of the toxins themselves. Industrial farms must have a system that can eliminate in a preventive automatic mode the negative effect of microalgae on the aquatic environment, while such a system must be safe for the environment and humans. Substantiation of technological and constructive solutions for the microalgae disinfection system operation using an adaptive approach to the structure in general, as well as individual blocks and units based on pulsed electrochemical methods as the main factors influencing water condition. The use of electrolytic methods of microalgae neutralization enables us to simultaneously realize the mechanism of change of toxic effect of aquatic organisms' urine when it is accumulating into nontoxic. This is done through the transformation, oxidation, and reduction of its aqueous solutions, which provides a change in the solution properties to optimal for plant nutrition. The use of electrolytic transformation methods is a new approach to the innovative technology of closed water supply systems (CWSS) for fisheries or greenhouse complexes, which can perform one, two, or more important tasks in a single technological cycle. The first one is the disinfection of hazardous bioagents as well as the destruction and removal of microalgae. The second one is the controlled transformation of the urine of aquatic organisms into a nutrient solution with the necessary ionic form for use by the plant root system. The third one is the synthesis and production of important components such as oxygen and hydrogen. The fourth one is the collection and subsequent use of the condensed fraction of microalgae. The main control parameter of water is light transmission - as a simplified, generalized indicator of the presence of microalgae in the aquatic environment. The system uses an effective process of destructive action on microalgae and their toxins - pulsed load current of electrodes with changes in its parameters and shape to prepare the water structure for better current effect due to cavitation blocks, which also destructively affect microalgae and toxins. When changing light transmission and pH of the working solution, the parameters of the pulsed load current are also changed by the adaptive power supply source to the most efficient. The proposed solution can be improved by using known developments used for better water purification in adaptive water purification systems. One of the promising areas is the selection and direction of microalgae and the condensed fraction of aquati","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122052012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Charny, Ye. M. Matselyuk, S. Shevchuk, Y. Onanko, V. D. Levitska, S. Marysyk
To determine the possible impact of bioengineering structures (BIS) on the environment, a field experiment was performed to specify the current hydrodynamic characteristics of BIS and test the waterproofing properties of the protective layer of the BIS bed of PJSC "Poltava Ore Mining and Processing Plant". The methods of remote sensing of the Earth were used, as well as mapping the distribution of the model solution, which simulates the pollution in the BIS area during treatment. It was established that the time of water treatment at BIS is about one day. Thus, the speed of treated water passage through BIS (filtration rate) is about 20 m/hour, which does not allow treating wastewater properly. Mapping the distribution of the model solution revealed significant changes in its local concentrations, so, the changes in the volume of source water entering the BIS significantly affect the spread of contaminants. It was established that the speed of wastewater passage by the BIS maps is much higher than the optimal speeds for phytoremediation facilities. That is, there is significant overloading of some parts of BIS surfaces and underloading of others. Also, a significant hydraulic connection of BIS with groundwater was statistically significantly revealed; it was experimentally confirmed that the protective waterproofing screen was damaged, and there is a pollution of the surrounding groundwater in the process of BIS operation. Research results have shown that BIS is hydraulically bound to the surrounding groundwater and serves as a source of secondary pollution. Therefore, there is a need to develop a set of measures to improve the efficiency of the BIS. One of the promising areas of research is the use of aquatic vegetation and aquatic organisms not only for phytoremediation but also for phytoextraction and as a source of pure metals (alloying additives).
{"title":"Study of the environmental impact of existing bioengineering structures for treatment of clarified water of the tailing ponds by the case of treatment structures PJSC \"Poltava ore mining and processing plant\"","authors":"D. Charny, Ye. M. Matselyuk, S. Shevchuk, Y. Onanko, V. D. Levitska, S. Marysyk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202201-315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202201-315","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the possible impact of bioengineering structures (BIS) on the environment, a field experiment was performed to specify the current hydrodynamic characteristics of BIS and test the waterproofing properties of the protective layer of the BIS bed of PJSC \"Poltava Ore Mining and Processing Plant\". The methods of remote sensing of the Earth were used, as well as mapping the distribution of the model solution, which simulates the pollution in the BIS area during treatment. It was established that the time of water treatment at BIS is about one day. Thus, the speed of treated water passage through BIS (filtration rate) is about 20 m/hour, which does not allow treating wastewater properly. Mapping the distribution of the model solution revealed significant changes in its local concentrations, so, the changes in the volume of source water entering the BIS significantly affect the spread of contaminants. It was established that the speed of wastewater passage by the BIS maps is much higher than the optimal speeds for phytoremediation facilities. That is, there is significant overloading of some parts of BIS surfaces and underloading of others. \u0000Also, a significant hydraulic connection of BIS with groundwater was statistically significantly revealed; it was experimentally confirmed that the protective waterproofing screen was damaged, and there is a pollution of the surrounding groundwater in the process of BIS operation. Research results have shown that BIS is hydraulically bound to the surrounding groundwater and serves as a source of secondary pollution. Therefore, there is a need to develop a set of measures to improve the efficiency of the BIS. One of the promising areas of research is the use of aquatic vegetation and aquatic organisms not only for phytoremediation but also for phytoextraction and as a source of pure metals (alloying additives).","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115604044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Didenko, Y. Mosiichuk, M. Zosymchuk, M. Kharytonov, M. Babenko, B. Mazurenko, S. Lavrenko, M. Rahman, K. R. Islam
Energy independence is one of the national priorities facing Ukraine today. Plant-based feedstocks have the potential to diversify Ukraine’s energy independence by decreasing dependence on petroleum-based energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, expanding renewable fuel industries and creating job opportunities. However, biofeedstock needs to be competitive on availability, performance, and price to produce, market, and produce fuels. We hypothesize that domestically produced feedstocks from sweet sorghum, using proactive recycling of nutrient-rich biosolids on vast areas of degraded and marginal lands, could be a win-win energy independence strategy in Ukraine. Our goal is to create for generating a steady-state source of biofeedstock and disseminate science-based knowledge and training to the clientele. Specific objectives are to: (1) establish research studies to evaluate growth and feedstock productivity, nutrient removal, and feedstock characteristics of sweet sorghum fertilized with biosolids on degraded and marginal lands in Rivne, Kherson, Dnipro, and Kyiv regions of Ukraine; and (2) determine the impact of biosolids and sweet sorghum on soil quality. Data collected on growth, feedstock production, feedstock characteristics, fuel potential, and high-value co-products (biochar) of sweet sorghum and soil quality will be evaluated by multivariate statistics. Input, output, and outreach data will be subject to techno-economic analyses to evaluate the economically viability, environmentally compatibility, and social acceptability of the project. Traditional and electronic outlet activities will be utilized to disseminate outcomes and outputs and to evaluate project impacts.
{"title":"RECYCLING BIOSOLIDS TO IMPROVE MARGINAL LANDS FOR BIOENERGY FEEDSTOCK PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE","authors":"N. Didenko, Y. Mosiichuk, M. Zosymchuk, M. Kharytonov, M. Babenko, B. Mazurenko, S. Lavrenko, M. Rahman, K. R. Islam","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-293","url":null,"abstract":"Energy independence is one of the national priorities facing Ukraine today. Plant-based feedstocks have the potential to diversify Ukraine’s energy independence by decreasing dependence on petroleum-based energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, expanding renewable fuel industries and creating job opportunities. However, biofeedstock needs to be competitive on availability, performance, and price to produce, market, and produce fuels. We hypothesize that domestically produced feedstocks from sweet sorghum, using proactive recycling of nutrient-rich biosolids on vast areas of degraded and marginal lands, could be a win-win energy independence strategy in Ukraine. Our goal is to create for generating a steady-state source of biofeedstock and disseminate science-based knowledge and training to the clientele. Specific objectives are to: (1) establish research studies to evaluate growth and feedstock productivity, nutrient removal, and feedstock characteristics of sweet sorghum fertilized with biosolids on degraded and marginal lands in Rivne, Kherson, Dnipro, and Kyiv regions of Ukraine; and (2) determine the impact of biosolids and sweet sorghum on soil quality. Data collected on growth, feedstock production, feedstock characteristics, fuel potential, and high-value co-products (biochar) of sweet sorghum and soil quality will be evaluated by multivariate statistics. Input, output, and outreach data will be subject to techno-economic analyses to evaluate the economically viability, environmentally compatibility, and social acceptability of the project. Traditional and electronic outlet activities will be utilized to disseminate outcomes and outputs and to evaluate project impacts.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114503084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Romashchenko, B. I. Konakov, V. Polishchuk, S. Usatyi
The history of the discovery, the specificity of the process and the current state of the use of electrochemically activated water (ECHAW) in various sectors of the economy are analyzed and the possibilities of its use in irrigation are determined. It has been established that the most promising area of application of ECHAW in irrigated agriculture are drip irrigation systems. The adding an anolyte to water during drip irrigation can significantly reduce (or even eliminate) the need to use plant protection products and the adding an catholyte significantly accelerates the development and increases the yield of agricultural crops against the background of improving product quality. The ecological consequences of this are the reduction of anthropogenic load on irrigated lands through the complete or partial replacement of chemical plant protection products with anolyte, which is an environmentally safe liquid; economic - increasing profitability and reducing the payback period of land irrigation projects. It has been determined that the prospect of using ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is due to the fact that the water supply technology allows supplying catholyte and anolyte to the field with minimal losses of activation potential. A predisposing factor for the use of ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is also their design according to a modular principle, which contributes to the possibility of equipping water treatment units of systems with ECHAW modules. At the same time, the design of systems should be carried out taking into account not only the need to ensure uniform distribution of water by droppers over the field, but also with the preservation of the activation potential of electrochemically activated components of irrigation water. Based on the foregoing, it can be considered that the development of means of electrochemical activation of water for irrigation needs, as well as technologies for the use of such water in growing crops is relevant and timely. The deployment of fundamental and applied research will contribute to the development of domestic equipment for the industrial production of ECHAW and will allow adapting the world technologies of their use to the conditions and needs of the Ukrainian manufacturer and consumer. The use of electrochemically activated water in drip irrigation systems can be especially effective.
{"title":"Electrochemically activated water (ECHAW): history of discovery, specificity of the process, current state and prospects of its application under irrigation conditions","authors":"M. Romashchenko, B. I. Konakov, V. Polishchuk, S. Usatyi","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-291","url":null,"abstract":"The history of the discovery, the specificity of the process and the current state of the use of electrochemically activated water (ECHAW) in various sectors of the economy are analyzed and the possibilities of its use in irrigation are determined. It has been established that the most promising area of application of ECHAW in irrigated agriculture are drip irrigation systems. The adding an anolyte to water during drip irrigation can significantly reduce (or even eliminate) the need to use plant protection products and the adding an catholyte significantly accelerates the development and increases the yield of agricultural crops against the background of improving product quality. The ecological consequences of this are the reduction of anthropogenic load on irrigated lands through the complete or partial replacement of chemical plant protection products with anolyte, which is an environmentally safe liquid; economic - increasing profitability and reducing the payback period of land irrigation projects. It has been determined that the prospect of using ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is due to the fact that the water supply technology allows supplying catholyte and anolyte to the field with minimal losses of activation potential. A predisposing factor for the use of ECHAW in drip irrigation systems is also their design according to a modular principle, which contributes to the possibility of equipping water treatment units of systems with ECHAW modules. At the same time, the design of systems should be carried out taking into account not only the need to ensure uniform distribution of water by droppers over the field, but also with the preservation of the activation potential of electrochemically activated components of irrigation water. Based on the foregoing, it can be considered that the development of means of electrochemical activation of water for irrigation needs, as well as technologies for the use of such water in growing crops is relevant and timely. The deployment of fundamental and applied research will contribute to the development of domestic equipment for the industrial production of ECHAW and will allow adapting the world technologies of their use to the conditions and needs of the Ukrainian manufacturer and consumer. The use of electrochemically activated water in drip irrigation systems can be especially effective.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132530457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results of research on the study of the impact of agents of biochemical and microbiological origin of production LLP R&D Enterprise "5 Element" on the production process, the structure of yield and yield of corn under drip irrigation are highlighted. It is determined, that the highest yield of corn can be obtained by holding the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with nanobiostimulator of plant growth "V-Agro. Seeds" and the double treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae. The combined use of the agent "V-Agro. Seeds" and the solution of concentrate of products of vital activity nitrogen-fixing soil algae provides a corn yield of 16,1 t/ha, which is by 5,5 t/ha, or 51,9 % more than in the absolute control (without seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants). It is also established that the separate use of agents both for seed treatment and plant treatment during the growing season is also an effective measure. The single seed treatment with nanobiostimulator of plant growth "V-Agro. "Seeds" helps to increase the yield of corn by 1,6 t/ha, or by 15,1 %. A similar effect was obtained using for processing seeds of the biological product Soil Algae (live culture in powder form), where the increase in yield was 14,1 % (1,5 t/ha). It is determined that the use of agents for foliar application is more effective than pre-sowing seed treatment. The double spraying of corn plants, with respectively, 2 % and 4 % solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae provides crop yields by 3,2 t/ha, or 30,2 % compared to the control. The use of nanobiostimulator of growth plants "V-Agro. Leaf processing" for foliar application provides the yield increase up to 2,8 t/ha, or 26,4 %. The biggest average weight of one cob corn was obtained due to the agricultural measure, which involves pre-sowing seed treatment nanobiostimulator of plant growth "V-Agro. Seeds" and the double treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae made it possible to get a cob with an average weight of 248,4 g, whereas in absolute control (without seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants) – 174,5 g.
{"title":"Influence of preparations of biochemical and microbiological origin on the yield of corn for grain on drip irrigation","authors":"V. Bilyi, V. Knysh","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-300","url":null,"abstract":"The results of research on the study of the impact of agents of biochemical and microbiological origin of production LLP R&D Enterprise \"5 Element\" on the production process, the structure of yield and yield of corn under drip irrigation are highlighted. It is determined, that the highest yield of corn can be obtained by holding the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with nanobiostimulator of plant growth \"V-Agro. Seeds\" and the double treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae. The combined use of the agent \"V-Agro. Seeds\" and the solution of concentrate of products of vital activity nitrogen-fixing soil algae provides a corn yield of 16,1 t/ha, which is by 5,5 t/ha, or 51,9 % more than in the absolute control (without seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants). It is also established that the separate use of agents both for seed treatment and plant treatment during the growing season is also an effective measure. The single seed treatment with nanobiostimulator of plant growth \"V-Agro. \"Seeds\" helps to increase the yield of corn by 1,6 t/ha, or by 15,1 %. A similar effect was obtained using for processing seeds of the biological product Soil Algae (live culture in powder form), where the increase in yield was 14,1 % (1,5 t/ha). It is determined that the use of agents for foliar application is more effective than pre-sowing seed treatment. The double spraying of corn plants, with respectively, 2 % and 4 % solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae provides crop yields by 3,2 t/ha, or 30,2 % compared to the control. The use of nanobiostimulator of growth plants \"V-Agro. Leaf processing\" for foliar application provides the yield increase up to 2,8 t/ha, or 26,4 %. The biggest average weight of one cob corn was obtained due to the agricultural measure, which involves pre-sowing seed treatment nanobiostimulator of plant growth \"V-Agro. Seeds\" and the double treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of concentrate of products of vital activity of nitrogen-fixing soil algae made it possible to get a cob with an average weight of 248,4 g, whereas in absolute control (without seed treatment and foliar treatment of plants) – 174,5 g.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"113 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133170029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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