Ye. M. Matseluk, D. V. Charnyy, V. Levytska, S. Marysyk
The current state of water quality formation in surface water bodies, which serve as sources of drinking water supply in the Dnieper river basin, was considered. The water treatment technologies currently used in Ukraine, were analyzed. The inconsistency of these technologies with the current water quality in these sources of water supply was established, as these technologies are not quite suitable for the purification of water with a significant organic component of any genesis. It was found that one of the main factors that influences the quality of water in water bodies in the warm period is phytoplankton, especially during their "flowering. The factors accompanying this phenomenon were shown, the development trends and their influence on the operating water treatment systems were analyzed. It was considered the feasibility of using reagents with the effect of oxidation of the organic component of the source water, in particular chlorine dioxide, the use of which is effective in disinfection of chlorine-resistant microbiota and phenols oxidations. Moreover, in the conditions of the expected increase in the concentration of mycocystins, chlorine dioxide can be, by analogy with ozone, a fairly effective oxidant of these toxins with a prolonged disinfection effect. The potential development areas of water treatment systems by intensifying bio-physico-chemical processes on the basis of the existing typical capacitive and package units of water treatment plants are given. The perspective areas of scientific and technological developments for substantiation of effective solutions on modernization of existing water treatment facilities were established in these conditions, namely it is reasonable to consider only those solutions, which provide effective purification of water with high concentration of phytoplankton without comprehensive or radical change of water treatment technology. That is, these approaches should make maximum use of existing treatment facilities, either by their reconstruction, or with the use of new reagents, or a combination of both.
{"title":"New technological solutions for water treatment systems in modern conditions","authors":"Ye. M. Matseluk, D. V. Charnyy, V. Levytska, S. Marysyk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-303","url":null,"abstract":"The current state of water quality formation in surface water bodies, which serve as sources of drinking water supply in the Dnieper river basin, was considered. The water treatment technologies currently used in Ukraine, were analyzed. The inconsistency of these technologies with the current water quality in these sources of water supply was established, as these technologies are not quite suitable for the purification of water with a significant organic component of any genesis. It was found that one of the main factors that influences the quality of water in water bodies in the warm period is phytoplankton, especially during their \"flowering. The factors accompanying this phenomenon were shown, the development trends and their influence on the operating water treatment systems were analyzed. It was considered the feasibility of using reagents with the effect of oxidation of the organic component of the source water, in particular chlorine dioxide, the use of which is effective in disinfection of chlorine-resistant microbiota and phenols oxidations. Moreover, in the conditions of the expected increase in the concentration of mycocystins, chlorine dioxide can be, by analogy with ozone, a fairly effective oxidant of these toxins with a prolonged disinfection effect. \u0000The potential development areas of water treatment systems by intensifying bio-physico-chemical processes on the basis of the existing typical capacitive and package units of water treatment plants are given. The perspective areas of scientific and technological developments for substantiation of effective solutions on modernization of existing water treatment facilities were established in these conditions, namely it is reasonable to consider only those solutions, which provide effective purification of water with high concentration of phytoplankton without comprehensive or radical change of water treatment technology. That is, these approaches should make maximum use of existing treatment facilities, either by their reconstruction, or with the use of new reagents, or a combination of both.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130627035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu. O. Tararico, R. Saidak, R. Olepir, Y. Soroka, S. V. Vitvitskiy
The article presents the results of research on the assessment of modern climate change and the impact of weather conditions on the yield of main field crops when using different feeding systems and tillage. It was established that during 1991-2020 the average annual air temperature in the region increased by 1,1oC, and the annual precipitation decreased by 5%. Under such conditions, the frequency of recurrence of highly and moderately arid conditions of the growing season increased from 47% in 1961-1990 to 61% in 1991-2020, however the probability of forming a sufficient moisture supply decreased by half. Based on the results of the Climate Water Balance (CWB) assessment, it was specified that in the western part of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe, according to average long-term data a negative WBC has been formed since June, and by the end of August its deficit reaches over 140 mm or 1,400 m3 / ha. In general, by the end of the period for 1991-2020, the deficit of WBC increased by 82 mm. Based on the information database made on the results of long-term stationary field experiment at Poltava Research Station of the Institute of Pig Farming and Agroindustrial Production of NAAS, the yield potential of main crops and the productivity of typical chernozem subject to the optimization of crop rotation and nutrient and water-air regimes, were evaluated. It was determined that optimization of crop rotations increases plant productivity by 19%, fertilizer systems - by 19-36%, irrigation - by 94%, irrigation and fertilization - by 130-153%, and a comprehensive combination of all agronomic measures - by 200% and more. It was also established that the total productivity of crop rotation under different systems of basic tillage remains virtually unchanged and enables to obtain average by year 3.6-3.8 t kd / ha against the background of natural soil fertility. From the organic fertilizer systems, the efficiency of using crop by-products as fertilizers is 10% higher than using manure and practically does not concede to organomineral fertilizer systems. As a result of research it was found that in the region in recent decades there is a tendency of deteriorating growing conditions of main field crops, which is reflected in the formation of low yields and poorer crop rotation productivity, significant variation of these factors in terms of weather, especially when having high soil fertility.
本文介绍了在采用不同的饲喂制度和耕作方式时，评估现代气候变化和天气条件对主要大田作物产量影响的研究结果。结果表明，1991—2020年，该地区年平均气温升高1.1℃，年降水量减少5%。在此条件下，生长季高度和中度干旱条件的发生频率从1961-1990年的47%增加到1991-2020年的61%，但形成充足水分供应的概率下降了一半。根据气候水平衡(CWB)评估结果，左岸森林草原西部从6月开始出现长期平均水平衡负值，到8月底已超过140 mm (1400 m3 / ha)。总的来说，到1991-2020年期间结束时，白细胞赤字增加了82毫米。以中国农业科学院波尔塔瓦养猪与农化生产研究所波尔塔瓦研究站长期固定大田试验结果数据库为基础，评价了轮作优化、养分优化和水气优化条件下黑钙土主要作物的产量潜力和典型黑钙土的生产力。经确定，作物轮作优化可使植物生产力提高19%，肥料系统可提高19-36%，灌溉可提高94%，灌溉和施肥可提高130-153%，所有农艺措施的综合组合可提高200%以上。研究还发现，在不同的基本耕作制度下，轮作的总生产力基本保持不变，在自然土壤肥力的背景下，每年的平均产量为3.6-3.8 t kd / ha。从有机肥系统来看，使用作物副产品作为肥料的效率比使用粪肥高10%，实际上并不逊于有机肥系统。研究发现，近几十年来，该地区主要大田作物的生长条件有恶化的趋势，表现为产量低，轮作生产力较差，这些因素在天气方面变化显著，特别是在土壤肥力较高的情况下。
{"title":"Bioproductive сapacity of typical chernozem in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine under favorable humid conditions","authors":"Yu. O. Tararico, R. Saidak, R. Olepir, Y. Soroka, S. V. Vitvitskiy","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-304","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research on the assessment of modern climate change and the impact of weather conditions on the yield of main field crops when using different feeding systems and tillage. It was established that during 1991-2020 the average annual air temperature in the region increased by 1,1oC, and the annual precipitation decreased by 5%. Under such conditions, the frequency of recurrence of highly and moderately arid conditions of the growing season increased from 47% in 1961-1990 to 61% in 1991-2020, however the probability of forming a sufficient moisture supply decreased by half. Based on the results of the Climate Water Balance (CWB) assessment, it was specified that in the western part of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe, according to average long-term data a negative WBC has been formed since June, and by the end of August its deficit reaches over 140 mm or 1,400 m3 / ha. In general, by the end of the period for 1991-2020, the deficit of WBC increased by 82 mm. Based on the information database made on the results of long-term stationary field experiment at Poltava Research Station of the Institute of Pig Farming and Agroindustrial Production of NAAS, the yield potential of main crops and the productivity of typical chernozem subject to the optimization of crop rotation and nutrient and water-air regimes, were evaluated. \u0000It was determined that optimization of crop rotations increases plant productivity by 19%, fertilizer systems - by 19-36%, irrigation - by 94%, irrigation and fertilization - by 130-153%, and a comprehensive combination of all agronomic measures - by 200% and more. It was also established that the total productivity of crop rotation under different systems of basic tillage remains virtually unchanged and enables to obtain average by year 3.6-3.8 t kd / ha against the background of natural soil fertility. From the organic fertilizer systems, the efficiency of using crop by-products as fertilizers is 10% higher than using manure and practically does not concede to organomineral fertilizer systems. As a result of research it was found that in the region in recent decades there is a tendency of deteriorating growing conditions of main field crops, which is reflected in the formation of low yields and poorer crop rotation productivity, significant variation of these factors in terms of weather, especially when having high soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131334234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of experimental studies on optimizing the planting density of medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae Juss family. (Gubotsviti) as a factor in the formation of their productivity in conditions of drip irrigation. Research work has been carried out with the most common medicinal crops of this family: oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine during 2016-2020 on the lands of the Experimental Station of Medicinal Plants of the Institute of Agroecology and Nature Management of NAAS (Lubny district of Poltava region) with the participation of the Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS. In a one-factor field experiment, 8 elementary variants of planting density were studied: from 33 thousand / ha to 222,0 thousand /ha. Studies have shown that, despite genetic relatedness, members of the family Lamiaceae Juss. have a demonstrably different response to the density of planting under drip irrigation. Thus, the highest yield of dried oregano grass for both the first and second year of cultivation was obtained in the variant with a planting density of 166,7 thousand plants / ha. The most productive crops of lemon balm in the first and second years of cultivation were at a density of 83,3 thousand plants / ha. The highest yield of thyme for the first year was obtained in the variant of 222,0 thousand plants / ha, and for the second year - in the variant with a density of 111,0 thousand plants / ha. Peppermint formed the highest productivity at densities of 55,6 thousand plants /ha in both the first and second year of the growing season. A new scientific result is the obtained dependences of the yield of medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae Juss. from the number of plants per unit area, which are described by the corresponding mathematical equations.
{"title":"The effectiveness of agro-technological methods of medicinal crops growing on irrigation","authors":"A. Shatkovskyi, N. Pryvedeniuk, L. Hlushchenko","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-299","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of experimental studies on optimizing the planting density of medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae Juss family. (Gubotsviti) as a factor in the formation of their productivity in conditions of drip irrigation. Research work has been carried out with the most common medicinal crops of this family: oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine during 2016-2020 on the lands of the Experimental Station of Medicinal Plants of the Institute of Agroecology and Nature Management of NAAS (Lubny district of Poltava region) with the participation of the Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS. In a one-factor field experiment, 8 elementary variants of planting density were studied: from 33 thousand / ha to 222,0 thousand /ha. Studies have shown that, despite genetic relatedness, members of the family Lamiaceae Juss. have a demonstrably different response to the density of planting under drip irrigation. Thus, the highest yield of dried oregano grass for both the first and second year of cultivation was obtained in the variant with a planting density of 166,7 thousand plants / ha. The most productive crops of lemon balm in the first and second years of cultivation were at a density of 83,3 thousand plants / ha. The highest yield of thyme for the first year was obtained in the variant of 222,0 thousand plants / ha, and for the second year - in the variant with a density of 111,0 thousand plants / ha. Peppermint formed the highest productivity at densities of 55,6 thousand plants /ha in both the first and second year of the growing season. A new scientific result is the obtained dependences of the yield of medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae Juss. from the number of plants per unit area, which are described by the corresponding mathematical equations.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115949292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Kovalchuk, O. Demchuk, V. Kovalchuk, Н. A. Balykhina
The theory of combined systems of extreme control, which is used in technical systems, was developed and adapted in socio-ecological-economic systems. For example, river basins are such systems. A combined extreme control system has been formalized to control the dilution of mineralized mine waters in river sections. A mathematical model of the distribution of water masses and pollution in river beds from point and diffuse sources is proposed on the basis of a system of difference balance equations under the influence of stochastic uncontrolled disturbances. With regard to such conditions as adequate instrumentation, a combined control system has been developed that uses decision-making according to environmental and economic criteria based on the analysis of input and output data simultaneously, identification and tracking of the optimum in conditions of displacement under the influence of the disturbances of extreme characteristics of the system. The structural and functional diagram is represented by the open-loop diagram, the identification of which is carried out on the basis of modeling the process of water dilution in various situations at a specific object. A closed part with a recognition system as a corrector provides feedback. Formalized mathematical models of the dynamics of water masses and pollution from point and diffuse sources are of a general nature and can be used for the basins of other rivers. The extreme control system can adapt to the hydrological conditions and water quality parameters of a particular river. A mathematical model has been formalized for the combined extreme control of mine water dilution in the section of the Ingulets river. The water for dilution comes from a storage pond in the Svystunov gully. Regulatory actions that maintain water quality without exceeding the normative values of maximum permissible discharge are determined. At the same time, water consumption for dilution is minimized. The scenario analysis of the options showed a saving of up to 30% of water resources, namely 17.5 million m3, compared to the dilution carried out in February-March 2021 according to the existing individual regulations.
{"title":"Combined system of extreme control of mineralized water dilution in river basins","authors":"P. Kovalchuk, O. Demchuk, V. Kovalchuk, Н. A. Balykhina","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-296","url":null,"abstract":"The theory of combined systems of extreme control, which is used in technical systems, was developed and adapted in socio-ecological-economic systems. For example, river basins are such systems. A combined extreme control system has been formalized to control the dilution of mineralized mine waters in river sections. A mathematical model of the distribution of water masses and pollution in river beds from point and diffuse sources is proposed on the basis of a system of difference balance equations under the influence of stochastic uncontrolled disturbances. With regard to such conditions as adequate instrumentation, a combined control system has been developed that uses decision-making according to environmental and economic criteria based on the analysis of input and output data simultaneously, identification and tracking of the optimum in conditions of displacement under the influence of the disturbances of extreme characteristics of the system. The structural and functional diagram is represented by the open-loop diagram, the identification of which is carried out on the basis of modeling the process of water dilution in various situations at a specific object. A closed part with a recognition system as a corrector provides feedback. Formalized mathematical models of the dynamics of water masses and pollution from point and diffuse sources are of a general nature and can be used for the basins of other rivers. The extreme control system can adapt to the hydrological conditions and water quality parameters of a particular river. \u0000A mathematical model has been formalized for the combined extreme control of mine water dilution in the section of the Ingulets river. The water for dilution comes from a storage pond in the Svystunov gully. Regulatory actions that maintain water quality without exceeding the normative values of maximum permissible discharge are determined. At the same time, water consumption for dilution is minimized. The scenario analysis of the options showed a saving of up to 30% of water resources, namely 17.5 million m3, compared to the dilution carried out in February-March 2021 according to the existing individual regulations.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128403325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Roseires-Sennar Dams System (RSDS) at lower part of Blue Nile River play a vital role in water supply to the irrigation schemes in Sudan. The existing rule curves for this system belong to 1925 and 1966 for Sennar and Roseires reservoirs, respectively. Introduction of new irrigation schemes, approved climate change impacts on Blue Nile River flow and upstream developments in Ethiopia as well as the heightening of the Roseires Dam from elevation 480 to 490 m.a.s.l have shown the RSDS is losing its efficiency in terms of fully supplying the water demands. The literature addresses the simulation of Roseires and Sennar dams, and tries to find the best coordinated rule curves through a limited number of operation rules to find optimal operating rules for reservoirs that minimize the impacts of new developments, water demand growth and climate change on water supply to various demands on Blue Nile River. Such decisions are locally optimal in best condition since they do not consider the storage and carry-over capability of reservoirs that can transfer the non-optimal (locally optimal) decisions to other time steps of planning horizon and creat shortages in other time steps. Therefore, aim of this research is to find optimal coordinating operation rules for Roseires and Sennar dams that through a non-linear multi-period optimization model that considers the conditions of climate change, flow regime and water demand as scenarios. Model is validated by comparison with observed reservoir operation during November 1999 till May 2000. Eighteen scenarios that cover the normal, dry and very dry flow regimes, along with three suggested crop patterns and climate change impact are analyzed. Results shows in normal conditions of flow, crop pattern 2 is the most recommended with more than 11 Billion USD marginal profit and fully supplying the water demand and 1530 GWh energy generation per annum. The coordinated rule curves have a totally different pattern of emptying and filling compared with existing ones. Rule curves change from one flow regime to another, which proves how change in conditions of the system has influence on optimal operation rules. Comparison of marginal profits with crop pattern 2 shows in three inflow conditions of normal, dry and very dry years multi-period optimization model could keep the marginal profits above 11 Billion USD, let’s say, 11,050, 11,056 and 11,042 Billion USD, respectively, which shows the robustness of model in dealing with all conditions and keeping the marginal profits not affected. However, the Roseires rule curves are different in these three condition, while Sennar rules curves are almost the same. Without climate change impact, model can manage to supply the water demands fully in all flow conditions. However, water supply reliability is affected by climate change with all crop patterns. Roseires-Sennar Dams system in a normal year under climate change can produce 10,688 Billion USD marginal profit and 1371 GWh pe
{"title":"OPTIMAL OPERATION OF MULTIPURPOSE RESERVOIRS IN SERIES: ROSEIRES AND SENNAR CASE STUDY","authors":"T. Z. Saad Omer, S. E. Ahmed, A. Karimi","doi":"10.31073/mivg202102-310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202102-310","url":null,"abstract":"The Roseires-Sennar Dams System (RSDS) at lower part of Blue Nile River play a vital role in water supply to the irrigation schemes in Sudan. The existing rule curves for this system belong to 1925 and 1966 for Sennar and Roseires reservoirs, respectively. Introduction of new irrigation schemes, approved climate change impacts on Blue Nile River flow and upstream developments in Ethiopia as well as the heightening of the Roseires Dam from elevation 480 to 490 m.a.s.l have shown the RSDS is losing its efficiency in terms of fully supplying the water demands. The literature addresses the simulation of Roseires and Sennar dams, and tries to find the best coordinated rule curves through a limited number of operation rules to find optimal operating rules for reservoirs that minimize the impacts of new developments, water demand growth and climate change on water supply to various demands on Blue Nile River. Such decisions are locally optimal in best condition since they do not consider the storage and carry-over capability of reservoirs that can transfer the non-optimal (locally optimal) decisions to other time steps of planning horizon and creat shortages in other time steps. Therefore, aim of this research is to find optimal coordinating operation rules for Roseires and Sennar dams that through a non-linear multi-period optimization model that considers the conditions of climate change, flow regime and water demand as scenarios. Model is validated by comparison with observed reservoir operation during November 1999 till May 2000. Eighteen scenarios that cover the normal, dry and very dry flow regimes, along with three suggested crop patterns and climate change impact are analyzed. Results shows in normal conditions of flow, crop pattern 2 is the most recommended with more than 11 Billion USD marginal profit and fully supplying the water demand and 1530 GWh energy generation per annum. The coordinated rule curves have a totally different pattern of emptying and filling compared with existing ones. Rule curves change from one flow regime to another, which proves how change in conditions of the system has influence on optimal operation rules. Comparison of marginal profits with crop pattern 2 shows in three inflow conditions of normal, dry and very dry years multi-period optimization model could keep the marginal profits above 11 Billion USD, let’s say, 11,050, 11,056 and 11,042 Billion USD, respectively, which shows the robustness of model in dealing with all conditions and keeping the marginal profits not affected. However, the Roseires rule curves are different in these three condition, while Sennar rules curves are almost the same. Without climate change impact, model can manage to supply the water demands fully in all flow conditions. However, water supply reliability is affected by climate change with all crop patterns. Roseires-Sennar Dams system in a normal year under climate change can produce 10,688 Billion USD marginal profit and 1371 GWh pe","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125250059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The influence of plant nutrition area and mineral fertilizer rates on the productivity of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) by using transplant reproduction method in the conditions of drip irrigation was studied. It was proved that the transplant method of cultivation of St. John's wort under drip irrigation is a very effective method of reproduction of this crop. Four variants of planting density per unit area were studied: 42 thousand plants / ha (cultivation scheme 60x40 cm), 56 thousand plants / ha (60x30 cm), 83 thousand plants / ha (60x20 cm) and 167 thousand plants / ha (60x10 cm). Yield recording of raw materials (air-dry tops) was carried out in the phase of mass flowering. In the first year of vegetation this period was in the first decade of August, in the second year – in the second decade of June. It was found that the increase in the number of planted plants of St. John's wort per 1 ha contributed to the increased plantation productivity. When having a cultivation plant density of 42,000 plants / ha, the yield of dry grass in the first year of vegetation was 3,02 t / ha. Increasing the number of plants to 56 thousand plants / ha provided 3,26 t / ha of raw materials. The highest yield of dried St. John's wort – 3,76 t / ha in the first year of vegetation was obtained in the variant with the largest number of planted plants per unit area - 167 thousand plants / ha. In the second year of vegetation of St. John's wort in the variant with the lowest plant density of 42 thousand plants / ha, the yield was 3,65 t / ha. The most productive plantation of the second year of vegetation was in the variant with a plant density of 83 thousand plants / ha, where the yield of dry raw materials was 3,96 t / ha. A further increase in the number of plants per unit area led to a decrease in crop yields. The influence of four variants of the main application of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of St. John's wort was also studied: N0P0K0 (reference), N60P60K60, N120P120K120 and N180P180K180. It was found that with increasing fertilizer application rate, the yield of dry raw materials increased. The most favorable conditions for growth and development of plants of St. John's wort developed in the variant with the maximum rate of fertilizer application - N180P180K180, where the yield of dry raw materials in the first year was 3,31 t / ha, and in the second year – 4,15 t / ha, which exceeded the reference result (without fertilizers) by 0,61 t / ha and 0,84 t / ha, respectively.
采用滴灌条件下移栽繁殖法，研究了植物营养面积和矿肥用量对贯叶连翘(Hypericum perforatum L.)产量的影响。实验证明，滴灌下移植栽培圣约翰草是一种非常有效的繁殖方法。研究了单位面积种植密度的4种变化:4.2万株/ ha(栽培方案60x40 cm)、5.6万株/ ha(栽培方案60x30 cm)、8.3万株/ ha(栽培方案60x20 cm)和16.7万株/ ha(栽培方案60x10 cm)。原料(风干顶)的产量记录在大量开花阶段进行。在植被生长的第一年，这个时期是在第一个十年的8月，在第二个十年的6月。研究发现，每公顷圣约翰草种植植株数量的增加有助于提高种植园生产力。当种植密度为4.2万株/ ha时，植被第一年的干草产量为3.02 t / ha。将植物数量增加到5.6万株/公顷，提供了3.26吨/公顷的原料。在单位面积种植植株数量最多的品种中，干圣约翰草的产量最高，为3.76吨/公顷，为16.7万株/公顷。最低株密度4.2万株/ hm2的变异体圣约翰草植被第二年产量为3.65 t / hm2。植被第二年产量最高的是变异林，密度为8.3万株/ ha，干原料产量为3.96 t / ha。单位面积上植物数量的进一步增加导致了作物产量的下降。研究了主要施用矿物肥的4个品种:N0P0K0(参考)、N60P60K60、N120P120K120和N180P180K180对圣约翰草产量的影响。结果表明，随着施肥量的增加，干原料的产量增加。施肥量最大的变异品种N180P180K180的植株生长发育条件最有利，第一年干原料产量为3.31 t / ha，第二年为4.15 t / ha，分别比参考结果(不施肥量)高出0.61 t / ha和0.84 t / ha。
{"title":"Productivity of common Saint-John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) by using transplant reproduction method in the conditions of drip irrigation","authors":"N. V. Pryvedenyuk, A. Shatkovskyi","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-275","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of plant nutrition area and mineral fertilizer rates on the productivity of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) by using transplant reproduction method in the conditions of drip irrigation was studied. It was proved that the transplant method of cultivation of St. John's wort under drip irrigation is a very effective method of reproduction of this crop. Four variants of planting density per unit area were studied: 42 thousand plants / ha (cultivation scheme 60x40 cm), 56 thousand plants / ha (60x30 cm), 83 thousand plants / ha (60x20 cm) and 167 thousand plants / ha (60x10 cm). Yield recording of raw materials (air-dry tops) was carried out in the phase of mass flowering. In the first year of vegetation this period was in the first decade of August, in the second year – in the second decade of June. It was found that the increase in the number of planted plants of St. John's wort per 1 ha contributed to the increased plantation productivity. When having a cultivation plant density of 42,000 plants / ha, the yield of dry grass in the first year of vegetation was 3,02 t / ha. Increasing the number of plants to 56 thousand plants / ha provided 3,26 t / ha of raw materials. The highest yield of dried St. John's wort – 3,76 t / ha in the first year of vegetation was obtained in the variant with the largest number of planted plants per unit area - 167 thousand plants / ha. In the second year of vegetation of St. John's wort in the variant with the lowest plant density of 42 thousand plants / ha, the yield was 3,65 t / ha. The most productive plantation of the second year of vegetation was in the variant with a plant density of 83 thousand plants / ha, where the yield of dry raw materials was 3,96 t / ha. A further increase in the number of plants per unit area led to a decrease in crop yields. The influence of four variants of the main application of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of St. John's wort was also studied: N0P0K0 (reference), N60P60K60, N120P120K120 and N180P180K180. It was found that with increasing fertilizer application rate, the yield of dry raw materials increased. The most favorable conditions for growth and development of plants of St. John's wort developed in the variant with the maximum rate of fertilizer application - N180P180K180, where the yield of dry raw materials in the first year was 3,31 t / ha, and in the second year – 4,15 t / ha, which exceeded the reference result (without fertilizers) by 0,61 t / ha and 0,84 t / ha, respectively.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122036227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Romashchenko, D. Savchuk, A. Shevchenko, O. Babitska, O. Kharlamov, I. Kotykovych, D. P. Zemlyanska
Relevance of research. In the area of irrigated agriculture, one of the most difficult as to developing flooding processes is the area of terrace drift within the ancient delta of the Lower Dnieper in Kherson region. The terrace area is located on a flat area within a large drainless bowl about 40 km long and up to 5-10 km wide. On the surface of the bowl there are large drainless depressions (Chornyanske, Novomayatske, Podokalynivske, Tarasivske) and many small ones. The purpose of the work is to establish the patterns of developing flooding processes and substantiate a system of reliable protection of the territory against that in difficult natural and water conditions. Methods and objects of research. The research was conducted at the research and production site located near Tarasivka village, Oleshkiv district, Kherson region. The results of the research were based on the data of reconnaissance surveys, long-term observations on the depths of the groundwater table (GWT), precipitation, space images, etc. In addition, it was assumed that the area is considered to be flooded if the depth of the GWT exceeds the critical limit, which for the study region is defined as 2 m. Research results and main conclusions. In modern conditions, part of the village and adjacent lands are subject to constant groundwater flooding and periodically surface water flooding. In the central part of the village, groundwater depths exceed the critically acceptable depth, which for the study region is defined as 2 m. The water and ecological situation in the village is significantly exacerbated in wet periods. Current development of flooding within the terrace requires the development and implementation of a more effective protection system. One of the important options for protecting the village territory is the construction of a horizontal drainage system, which is set up in the village and its surroundings. The depth of drainage is 3.0-3.2 m. The runoff is discharged into the North-Crimean Canal by means of a pressure pipeline. The surface drainage system should be represented by a network of trays and ditches arranged in the streets of the village and a collector, which provides self-flowing of excess water into an artificial reservoir - pond. Options for the reconstruction of the NCC, which provide for using the drainage capacity of the canal and the construction of a regional self-flowing reservoir, were addressed. The modernization of irrigation and drainage systems and implementation of the developed proposals will significantly increase the protection level of the ancient terrace of the Dnieper River against the harmful effects of water. The decision on a proposal is made on the basis of feasibility study.
{"title":"Protection against the harmful effects of water on the left bank terrace of the Lower Dnipro River","authors":"M. Romashchenko, D. Savchuk, A. Shevchenko, O. Babitska, O. Kharlamov, I. Kotykovych, D. P. Zemlyanska","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-279","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of research. In the area of irrigated agriculture, one of the most difficult as to developing flooding processes is the area of terrace drift within the ancient delta of the Lower Dnieper in Kherson region. The terrace area is located on a flat area within a large drainless bowl about 40 km long and up to 5-10 km wide. On the surface of the bowl there are large drainless depressions (Chornyanske, Novomayatske, Podokalynivske, Tarasivske) and many small ones. \u0000The purpose of the work is to establish the patterns of developing flooding processes and substantiate a system of reliable protection of the territory against that in difficult natural and water conditions. \u0000Methods and objects of research. The research was conducted at the research and production site located near Tarasivka village, Oleshkiv district, Kherson region. The results of the research were based on the data of reconnaissance surveys, long-term observations on the depths of the groundwater table (GWT), precipitation, space images, etc. In addition, it was assumed that the area is considered to be flooded if the depth of the GWT exceeds the critical limit, which for the study region is defined as 2 m. \u0000Research results and main conclusions. In modern conditions, part of the village and adjacent lands are subject to constant groundwater flooding and periodically surface water flooding. In the central part of the village, groundwater depths exceed the critically acceptable depth, which for the study region is defined as 2 m. The water and ecological situation in the village is significantly exacerbated in wet periods. Current development of flooding within the terrace requires the development and implementation of a more effective protection system. One of the important options for protecting the village territory is the construction of a horizontal drainage system, which is set up in the village and its surroundings. The depth of drainage is 3.0-3.2 m. The runoff is discharged into the North-Crimean Canal by means of a pressure pipeline. The surface drainage system should be represented by a network of trays and ditches arranged in the streets of the village and a collector, which provides self-flowing of excess water into an artificial reservoir - pond. Options for the reconstruction of the NCC, which provide for using the drainage capacity of the canal and the construction of a regional self-flowing reservoir, were addressed. The modernization of irrigation and drainage systems and implementation of the developed proposals will significantly increase the protection level of the ancient terrace of the Dnieper River against the harmful effects of water. The decision on a proposal is made on the basis of feasibility study.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128428795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The relevance of research is the lack of actual parameters of the Dnipro Сascade. The purpose and objectives of the study are to specify the actual parameters of the Kamianske Reservoir, which is the part of the Dnipro Cascade. Methods and techniques. The study was based on using the actual Navigation map of the Kamianske Reservoir. The available data were processed when using AutoCAD program. The satellite images were used as well. Results and main conclusions. It was identified that the main parameters of the Kamianske Reservoir, which is the part of the Dnipro Cascade, significantly differ from those obtained earlier, in particular, which are given in the operation rules of the Dnipro Сascade. The most important parameters of the Kamianske Reservoir to keep normal retention level (64.0 m) are as follows: water area (water surface) – 537 km2, total volume – 2636 million m3, useful storage capacity – 495 million m3. A small increase in the total volume compared to the project one is supposed to be the result of significant extraction of construction raw materials from the bottom of the reservoir. The reservoir length, depending on the ways of measuring, varies from 119 to 137 km. It was determined that the actual maximum depth of the reservoir (23 m) is significantly larger than it is indicated in reference books. The actual average depth of 5.8 m is significantly larger as well. Some parameters of the reservoir, which were previously ignored by researchers, are given as a result of the study. This parameter, in particular, is the area of the islands, which is 48.9 km2. The area of shallow water with depths less than 2 m is 152.4 km2. This area is mainly located in the upper and middle parts of the reservoir – mainly near the left bank. An important parameter is the cross section of the central reach of the reservoir, where the main movement of water is observed. Depending on the length of the reservoir, this cross-section varies in the range of 17,900–20,600 m2. The smallest cross-section is a characteristic feature of the upper part of the reservoir that causes an increase in flow velocity above 1.0 m/sec. It was concluded that the existing operation rules of the Dnipro Сascade does not correspond to the present and require the radical improvement. A mandatory requirement for the new rules is specifying the modern parameters of the reservoirs, built on the Dnipro River. Perspectives. There is need to specify the parameters of all reservoirs of the Dnipro Сascade. It is a basis for the development of new operation rules for the Dnipro Сascade.
{"title":"Specifying the parameters of the Kamianske Reservoir","authors":"V. Vyshnevskyi, V. Demianov","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-271","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of research is the lack of actual parameters of the Dnipro Сascade. \u0000The purpose and objectives of the study are to specify the actual parameters of the Kamianske Reservoir, which is the part of the Dnipro Cascade. \u0000Methods and techniques. The study was based on using the actual Navigation map of the Kamianske Reservoir. The available data were processed when using AutoCAD program. The satellite images were used as well. \u0000Results and main conclusions. It was identified that the main parameters of the Kamianske Reservoir, which is the part of the Dnipro Cascade, significantly differ from those obtained earlier, in particular, which are given in the operation rules of the Dnipro Сascade. The most important parameters of the Kamianske Reservoir to keep normal retention level (64.0 m) are as follows: water area (water surface) – 537 km2, total volume – 2636 million m3, useful storage capacity – 495 million m3. A small increase in the total volume compared to the project one is supposed to be the result of significant extraction of construction raw materials from the bottom of the reservoir. The reservoir length, depending on the ways of measuring, varies from 119 to 137 km. It was determined that the actual maximum depth of the reservoir (23 m) is significantly larger than it is indicated in reference books. The actual average depth of 5.8 m is significantly larger as well. \u0000Some parameters of the reservoir, which were previously ignored by researchers, are given as a result of the study. This parameter, in particular, is the area of the islands, which is 48.9 km2. The area of shallow water with depths less than 2 m is 152.4 km2. This area is mainly located in the upper and middle parts of the reservoir – mainly near the left bank. An important parameter is the cross section of the central reach of the reservoir, where the main movement of water is observed. Depending on the length of the reservoir, this cross-section varies in the range of 17,900–20,600 m2. The smallest cross-section is a characteristic feature of the upper part of the reservoir that causes an increase in flow velocity above 1.0 m/sec. It was concluded that the existing operation rules of the Dnipro Сascade does not correspond to the present and require the radical improvement. A mandatory requirement for the new rules is specifying the modern parameters of the reservoirs, built on the Dnipro River. Perspectives. There is need to specify the parameters of all reservoirs of the Dnipro Сascade. It is a basis for the development of new operation rules for the Dnipro Сascade.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114230907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Relevance of research. At present, there is a need for a comprehensive study of both physical and chemical parameters of substances, which is the primary source of deteriorating treated water quality, as well as the relevant physical properties of the actual filter media to determine the mechanism of their interaction. Such a parameter of purified water as turbidity is closely related to the electrostatic properties of the colloids contained in water. For a more detailed experimental study of this interaction, an operating water treatment facility was chosen. A preliminary study of the conditions at the Communal Enterprise "Chernivtsivodokanal" in the city of Chernivtsi, Ukraine made it possible to identify the typical problems that need to be immediately addressed. The study revealed that the main indicator that is critical for the purification of these waters is turbidity, and one of the main growing concerns to be addressed is the replacement of the filter media. Research results. To select optimal filter media, a comprehensive study of the electrostatic parameters of all components in the water treatment process was carried out. Experimental studies of physical quantities that are key to this process were performed. The relationship between the turbidity parameters of the studied waters and the ζ-potential of the colloids contained in them was shown. Seasonal changes in the hydrochemical composition of the treated waters were studied. The connection between electrochemical parameters of clay particles and the processes of their sedimentation in aqueous suspension is given. The dependences of turbidity on time and the ratio of average turbidity values to the minimum and maximum ones at the water intake of the Dniester-Chernivtsi water supply system during 2005-2015 were reviewed and presented. The dynamics of changes in the parameters of turbidity and ζ-potential in the structures of the technological chain of water treatment during the periods of summer-autumn floods and low-water winter period was studied. The effect of the coagulant used at the studied water treatment facility on the electrostatic parameters of the purified colloidal particles, in particular, on changing the structure of the electric double layer of clay particles, which lead to the coagulation and reduction in the treated water turbidity, was analyzed. The optimal conditions of using polystyrene foam and zeolite filter media were determined. Ion exchange properties enabled the zeolite to efficiently remove fine colloidal particles with positively charged cores out of the purified aqueous suspension, which were not completely covered with a layer of potential-forming ions. However, they produced impact only in the short-term initial stage of filtering. Therefore, they cannot be recommended for using for long-term water treatment processes at water treatment facilities. This phenomenon is due to the limited ion exchange adsorption properties of zeolite. The effective filtr
{"title":"Study of electrostatic parameters of aqueous suspensions for solving the tasks of water treatment and selection of optimal filter media","authors":"D. Charnyi, E. M. Matseliuk, Y. Onanko","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-265","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of research. At present, there is a need for a comprehensive study of both physical and chemical parameters of substances, which is the primary source of deteriorating treated water quality, as well as the relevant physical properties of the actual filter media to determine the mechanism of their interaction. Such a parameter of purified water as turbidity is closely related to the electrostatic properties of the colloids contained in water. For a more detailed experimental study of this interaction, an operating water treatment facility was chosen. A preliminary study of the conditions at the Communal Enterprise \"Chernivtsivodokanal\" in the city of Chernivtsi, Ukraine made it possible to identify the typical problems that need to be immediately addressed. The study revealed that the main indicator that is critical for the purification of these waters is turbidity, and one of the main growing concerns to be addressed is the replacement of the filter media. \u0000Research results. To select optimal filter media, a comprehensive study of the electrostatic parameters of all components in the water treatment process was carried out. Experimental studies of physical quantities that are key to this process were performed. The relationship between the turbidity parameters of the studied waters and the ζ-potential of the colloids contained in them was shown. Seasonal changes in the hydrochemical composition of the treated waters were studied. The connection between electrochemical parameters of clay particles and the processes of their sedimentation in aqueous suspension is given. The dependences of turbidity on time and the ratio of average turbidity values to the minimum and maximum ones at the water intake of the Dniester-Chernivtsi water supply system during 2005-2015 were reviewed and presented. The dynamics of changes in the parameters of turbidity and ζ-potential in the structures of the technological chain of water treatment during the periods of summer-autumn floods and low-water winter period was studied. The effect of the coagulant used at the studied water treatment facility on the electrostatic parameters of the purified colloidal particles, in particular, on changing the structure of the electric double layer of clay particles, which lead to the coagulation and reduction in the treated water turbidity, was analyzed. The optimal conditions of using polystyrene foam and zeolite filter media were determined. Ion exchange properties enabled the zeolite to efficiently remove fine colloidal particles with positively charged cores out of the purified aqueous suspension, which were not completely covered with a layer of potential-forming ions. However, they produced impact only in the short-term initial stage of filtering. Therefore, they cannot be recommended for using for long-term water treatment processes at water treatment facilities. This phenomenon is due to the limited ion exchange adsorption properties of zeolite. The effective filtr","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116268062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research relevance. Climatic changes determine the need to ensure a high productivity of drained lands through the use of appropriate adaptive measures for regulating and accumulating moisture in the soil. Therefore, the issue of changing approaches to the creation and operation of water reclamation facilities on drained lands gains relevance. Relevant are also changes in the methodology of projects for drainage systems construction and reconstruction and their optimal design solutions (type, design, systems parameters, and components of their technical elements) in the closed collecting and drainage network. In this case, the closed collecting and drainage network is a key element of the drainage system, which can operate in the drainage and soil moisture regime. Aim of the study is to reveal new approaches to improving the methods of dimensioning the closed collecting and drainage network of drainage systems operating in the regime of drainage and soil moisture, based on justifying the relationship and considering the impact of network efficiency on the efficiency of water regulation on drained lands. Research methods. The analysis and generalization of the existing researches and methods on justification of the type, design, and parameters of the closed collecting and drainage network in the regime of drainage and soil moisture of the drained lands is executed. Systems approach and systems analyses were used to determine the existence of a structural relationship between the operation regime of the closed collecting and drainage network and the water regime of the drained lands. In performing the theoretical research, methods of mathematical modeling of the hydrodynamic structure of turbulent flow in pressure pipes using Navier-Stokes differential equations were applied. To confirm the adequacy of the obtained analytical models, the methods of statistical processing of experimental research results by Nikuradze I., Shevelyov F.O., and Altshul A.D. were used. Research findings and main conclusions. Thus, based on the performed theoretical and experimental research, we have proposed relatively new scientific positions in contrast to the semi-empirical theories for determining the hydrodynamic structure of the flow in the pressure pipe. This allows for dimensioning the entire hydrodynamic structure for all areas of the turbulent flow based on the application of the obtained universal equations. That is, we can construct a distribution profile of the total turbulent kinematic viscosity, averaged velocity, tangential stresses, and angular velocities of fluid particles. Prospects. The presented approach will make it possible to determine the efficiency of flow in drainage pipes and in a closed collecting and drainage network. Also, this approach will further be helpful in improving the methods of designing and dimensioning technological and structural parameters of the network and ensuring the overall technical, technological, economic, and envi
{"title":"Improving the dimensioning of closed collecting and drainage network of drainage systems","authors":"L. Volk, O. Bezusyak, P. Volk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-269","url":null,"abstract":"Research relevance. Climatic changes determine the need to ensure a high productivity of drained lands through the use of appropriate adaptive measures for regulating and accumulating moisture in the soil. Therefore, the issue of changing approaches to the creation and operation of water reclamation facilities on drained lands gains relevance. Relevant are also changes in the methodology of projects for drainage systems construction and reconstruction and their optimal design solutions (type, design, systems parameters, and components of their technical elements) in the closed collecting and drainage network. In this case, the closed collecting and drainage network is a key element of the drainage system, which can operate in the drainage and soil moisture regime. \u0000Aim of the study is to reveal new approaches to improving the methods of dimensioning the closed collecting and drainage network of drainage systems operating in the regime of drainage and soil moisture, based on justifying the relationship and considering the impact of network efficiency on the efficiency of water regulation on drained lands. \u0000Research methods. The analysis and generalization of the existing researches and methods on justification of the type, design, and parameters of the closed collecting and drainage network in the regime of drainage and soil moisture of the drained lands is executed. Systems approach and systems analyses were used to determine the existence of a structural relationship between the operation regime of the closed collecting and drainage network and the water regime of the drained lands. In performing the theoretical research, methods of mathematical modeling of the hydrodynamic structure of turbulent flow in pressure pipes using Navier-Stokes differential equations were applied. To confirm the adequacy of the obtained analytical models, the methods of statistical processing of experimental research results by Nikuradze I., Shevelyov F.O., and Altshul A.D. were used. \u0000Research findings and main conclusions. Thus, based on the performed theoretical and experimental research, we have proposed relatively new scientific positions in contrast to the semi-empirical theories for determining the hydrodynamic structure of the flow in the pressure pipe. This allows for dimensioning the entire hydrodynamic structure for all areas of the turbulent flow based on the application of the obtained universal equations. That is, we can construct a distribution profile of the total turbulent kinematic viscosity, averaged velocity, tangential stresses, and angular velocities of fluid particles. \u0000Prospects. The presented approach will make it possible to determine the efficiency of flow in drainage pipes and in a closed collecting and drainage network. Also, this approach will further be helpful in improving the methods of designing and dimensioning technological and structural parameters of the network and ensuring the overall technical, technological, economic, and envi","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132200168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：