P. Kovalchuk, V. V. Stetsenko, Н. A. Balykhina, V. Kovalchuk, O. Demchuk
The balance method of determining the share of Kryvyi Rig Basin enterprises by the accumulated volume of mine water in the storage pond was considered. The balance method of participation of mining enterprises by the shares of mineral substances was formalized. An integrated approach of the control of water removal into the storage pond when using linear convolution of two balance equations by both the share of water volumes and the mineralization rate in the water discharges of enterprises was developed. It takes into account the choice of equity participation in mine water removal by economic and environmental criteria. The algorithm of equity participation of mining enterprises of Kryvyi Rih Basin on the principles of equality of two criteria was substantiated. The calculations of the share of discharge water accumulation in the storage pond of the Svistunov gully were carried out. The estimated price for water removal of one cubic meter of water into the storage pond by two criteria was considered. The estimation criteria are the volumes of pumped water and mineralization rate. Graphical dependences of the estimated price on the ratio of discharges concentration of different enterprises to the mixture concentration were built. Different estimation coefficients were used: paid water removal by water volumes; assessment of water removal only by mineralization rate; equal approach by the volumes (50%) and mineralization rate (50%). The calculations showed the efficiency of the algorithm, the applicability of its use by enterprises for integrated control of mine water removal by the criteria of volume and mineralization rate. The proposed balance method can be easily generalized when using other indicators of water quality (chlorides, sulfates, etc.), which are considered to be the most relevant for determining the equity participation of enterprises. In the future it is necessary to develop a theory of paid water use and water removal in conditions of unsatisfactory water quality, taking into account the integrated approach by different indicators that means multi-criteria assessment of water removal and accumulation of mine water.
{"title":"Balance method of integrated control of mine water removal by the volumes and mineralization rate within the Ingulets river basin","authors":"P. Kovalchuk, V. V. Stetsenko, Н. A. Balykhina, V. Kovalchuk, O. Demchuk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-274","url":null,"abstract":"The balance method of determining the share of Kryvyi Rig Basin enterprises by the accumulated volume of mine water in the storage pond was considered. The balance method of participation of mining enterprises by the shares of mineral substances was formalized. An integrated approach of the control of water removal into the storage pond when using linear convolution of two balance equations by both the share of water volumes and the mineralization rate in the water discharges of enterprises was developed. It takes into account the choice of equity participation in mine water removal by economic and environmental criteria. \u0000The algorithm of equity participation of mining enterprises of Kryvyi Rih Basin on the principles of equality of two criteria was substantiated. The calculations of the share of discharge water accumulation in the storage pond of the Svistunov gully were carried out. The estimated price for water removal of one cubic meter of water into the storage pond by two criteria was considered. The estimation criteria are the volumes of pumped water and mineralization rate. Graphical dependences of the estimated price on the ratio of discharges concentration of different enterprises to the mixture concentration were built. Different estimation coefficients were used: paid water removal by water volumes; assessment of water removal only by mineralization rate; equal approach by the volumes (50%) and mineralization rate (50%). The calculations showed the efficiency of the algorithm, the applicability of its use by enterprises for integrated control of mine water removal by the criteria of volume and mineralization rate. \u0000The proposed balance method can be easily generalized when using other indicators of water quality (chlorides, sulfates, etc.), which are considered to be the most relevant for determining the equity participation of enterprises. In the future it is necessary to develop a theory of paid water use and water removal in conditions of unsatisfactory water quality, taking into account the integrated approach by different indicators that means multi-criteria assessment of water removal and accumulation of mine water.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126595498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Matiash, V. Kovalchuk, V. Knysh, K. Dyl, V. Polishchuk, A. Saliuk, Y. Butenko, K. Chorna
The article analyzes the methods and sources of obtaining data for knowledge bases of technical, technological, organizational measures on water and land management planning in reclaimed areas. The main sources of data obtaining were determined as following: data in XML, CSV and JSON formats from the sites of relevant institutions, remote sensing data, scientific developments and research results, reporting records of water management organizations, etc. The main obstacles that may occur when obtaining the necessary information were identified. The structural and functional scheme of providing the user with a single database access point is presented. For this purposes a node for data collection, storage and processing (sub domain http://ewater.iwpim.com.ua and a server available in IWP&LR) with the functions of remote data collection, their pre-processing, structuring, combining, short- and long-term storage is offered. The structure of the database for processing complex information by subject areas (lists, hierarchies, relationships, structuring libraries, principles of classification) for presentation in the form of "essence-relationship-characteristics" is proposed. As part of a single Internet portal, it is planned to present the following information and reference systems: "Integrated land and water management"; "Land consolidation"; "Private-public partnership". To ensure the specified functionality of the Internet portal, its work will be based on comprehensive information and analytical environment that is a multilevel system, the basis of which is a database of metadata linked to information sources, services and direct access to them. The analysis of the requirements to the software necessary for accumulation of database information and the further performance of the portal was carried out.
{"title":"Methods and sources of obtaining data for knowledge bases of technical, technological, organizational measures on water and land management planning in reclaimed areas","authors":"T. Matiash, V. Kovalchuk, V. Knysh, K. Dyl, V. Polishchuk, A. Saliuk, Y. Butenko, K. Chorna","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-278","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the methods and sources of obtaining data for knowledge bases of technical, technological, organizational measures on water and land management planning in reclaimed areas. The main sources of data obtaining were determined as following: data in XML, CSV and JSON formats from the sites of relevant institutions, remote sensing data, scientific developments and research results, reporting records of water management organizations, etc. The main obstacles that may occur when obtaining the necessary information were identified. The structural and functional scheme of providing the user with a single database access point is presented. For this purposes a node for data collection, storage and processing (sub domain http://ewater.iwpim.com.ua and a server available in IWP&LR) with the functions of remote data collection, their pre-processing, structuring, combining, short- and long-term storage is offered. The structure of the database for processing complex information by subject areas (lists, hierarchies, relationships, structuring libraries, principles of classification) for presentation in the form of \"essence-relationship-characteristics\" is proposed. As part of a single Internet portal, it is planned to present the following information and reference systems: \"Integrated land and water management\"; \"Land consolidation\"; \"Private-public partnership\". To ensure the specified functionality of the Internet portal, its work will be based on comprehensive information and analytical environment that is a multilevel system, the basis of which is a database of metadata linked to information sources, services and direct access to them. The analysis of the requirements to the software necessary for accumulation of database information and the further performance of the portal was carried out.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132949115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Relevance of research. Land reclamation is important for stabilizing the resource and food security of our state and the world in a whole. Food production security is extremely important in extreme years of weather conditions. Land reclamation has a high social significance, especially given the global climate change and land policy formation, taking into account European and world experience. Water, hydraulic, agro-technical, and other types of land reclamation require modern innovative solutions. These solutions must be created to achieve sustainable food, energy, the environmental and economic security of the state. Therefore, it is extremely important to change the approaches to constructing and functioning water reclamation facilities. It is also important to improve water management technologies that will be adapted to these changes. Research goal is to develop a general theory of optimization and development of methods and models for optimal regime, technological and technical parameters of drainage systems on an ecological and economic basis. Research methods are based on the application of systems theory with system analysis and modeling when developing the approaches to the optimization of regime, technological and technical solutions for constructing and functioning drainage systems on an ecological and economic basis. The system approach includes research of drainage systems as complex natural, technical, ecological and economic systems; research of their elements, laws of functioning and development; decomposition of complex problems of mainly hierarchical nature; application of the methodology of the hierarchy of analysis and synthesis when developing forecasting and optimization models and the methods of their implementation. Research results and main conclusions. Finding the general (global) optimum for a drainage system on the basis of system optimization is a substantiation of intermediate local optimums for all its basic elements (effect, regime, technology, design). The general principles of construction and realization of complex models of system optimization which include the model of economic optimization have been developed. This model is built on the traditional economic and mathematical approach, and its environmental component determines the correctness of the optimal economic solution. The criteria of economic and ecological optimization of different levels of management decisions in time (1-project, 2-planned operation, 3-management) have been considered. We also present a complex of forecasting and simulation models for long-term forecasting on a multivariate basis, taking into account the variable natural agro-ameliorative conditions of a real object. Prospects. The application of optimization methods requires a change in the design technology of water reclamation facilities based on the use of a multivariate approach, modern information and computer technologies. The use of system optimization will increase th
{"title":"Models of system optimization for constructing and functioning drainage systems in current conditions","authors":"A. Rokochinskiy, P. Volk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-277","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of research. Land reclamation is important for stabilizing the resource and food security of our state and the world in a whole. Food production security is extremely important in extreme years of weather conditions. \u0000Land reclamation has a high social significance, especially given the global climate change and land policy formation, taking into account European and world experience. Water, hydraulic, agro-technical, and other types of land reclamation require modern innovative solutions. These solutions must be created to achieve sustainable food, energy, the environmental and economic security of the state. Therefore, it is extremely important to change the approaches to constructing and functioning water reclamation facilities. It is also important to improve water management technologies that will be adapted to these changes. \u0000Research goal is to develop a general theory of optimization and development of methods and models for optimal regime, technological and technical parameters of drainage systems on an ecological and economic basis. \u0000Research methods are based on the application of systems theory with system analysis and modeling when developing the approaches to the optimization of regime, technological and technical solutions for constructing and functioning drainage systems on an ecological and economic basis. The system approach includes research of drainage systems as complex natural, technical, ecological and economic systems; research of their elements, laws of functioning and development; decomposition of complex problems of mainly hierarchical nature; application of the methodology of the hierarchy of analysis and synthesis when developing forecasting and optimization models and the methods of their implementation. \u0000Research results and main conclusions. Finding the general (global) optimum for a drainage system on the basis of system optimization is a substantiation of intermediate local optimums for all its basic elements (effect, regime, technology, design). The general principles of construction and realization of complex models of system optimization which include the model of economic optimization have been developed. This model is built on the traditional economic and mathematical approach, and its environmental component determines the correctness of the optimal economic solution. The criteria of economic and ecological optimization of different levels of management decisions in time (1-project, 2-planned operation, 3-management) have been considered. We also present a complex of forecasting and simulation models for long-term forecasting on a multivariate basis, taking into account the variable natural agro-ameliorative conditions of a real object. \u0000Prospects. The application of optimization methods requires a change in the design technology of water reclamation facilities based on the use of a multivariate approach, modern information and computer technologies. The use of system optimization will increase th","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"18 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125618591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The technological properties of polymer-cement mixtures and the physical and mechanical properties of polymer-cement waterproofing coatings, depending on their quantitative and qualitative composition: the ratio of cement:sand (C:S), water-cement ratio (W/C) and the content of modifying additives, have been investigated using the method of experimental-statistical modeling. As a result of the implementation of B3 plan and the processing of experimental data, experimental statistical models were obtained that express the effect of the recipy on the properties of polymer-cement waterproofing mixtures and coatings: mobility, compressive strength, bending strength, adhesion and impact strength and water absorption. It was found that having the constant values of C:S and W/C modifying additives, namely redispersing polymer powder, powder polycarboxylate superplasticizer and microsilica are an important factor in the formation of the structure and properties of waterproofing coatings. The analysis of the models showed that the redispersing polymer powder and superplasticizer have a positive effect on he mobility of polymer-cement waterproofing mixtures, while silica fume has a negative effect on this indicator. The effect of modifiers on the physical and mechanical properties of waterproofing coatings is following: redispersing polymer powder and superplasticizer have a negative effect on the compressive strength, while microsilica increases this indicator; redispersing polymer powder and microsilica increase the flexural strength, while the superplasticizer has a negative effect on this indicator; all investigated modifiers increase adhesion and impact strength and decrease water absorption. Based on experimental-statistical models, diagrams were constructed, which are a graphical representation of the effect of the recipe on the properties of polymer-cement waterproofing mixtures, which enables to determine the areas of the recipe use with specified properties.
{"title":"Effect of the recipe on the properties of polymer-cement waterproofing mixtures","authors":"O. Kovalenko","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-268","url":null,"abstract":"The technological properties of polymer-cement mixtures and the physical and mechanical properties of polymer-cement waterproofing coatings, depending on their quantitative and qualitative composition: the ratio of cement:sand (C:S), water-cement ratio (W/C) and the content of modifying additives, have been investigated using the method of experimental-statistical modeling. As a result of the implementation of B3 plan and the processing of experimental data, experimental statistical models were obtained that express the effect of the recipy on the properties of polymer-cement waterproofing mixtures and coatings: mobility, compressive strength, bending strength, adhesion and impact strength and water absorption. It was found that having the constant values of C:S and W/C modifying additives, namely redispersing polymer powder, powder polycarboxylate superplasticizer and microsilica are an important factor in the formation of the structure and properties of waterproofing coatings. The analysis of the models showed that the redispersing polymer powder and superplasticizer have a positive effect on he mobility of polymer-cement waterproofing mixtures, while silica fume has a negative effect on this indicator. The effect of modifiers on the physical and mechanical properties of waterproofing coatings is following: redispersing polymer powder and superplasticizer have a negative effect on the compressive strength, while microsilica increases this indicator; redispersing polymer powder and microsilica increase the flexural strength, while the superplasticizer has a negative effect on this indicator; all investigated modifiers increase adhesion and impact strength and decrease water absorption. Based on experimental-statistical models, diagrams were constructed, which are a graphical representation of the effect of the recipe on the properties of polymer-cement waterproofing mixtures, which enables to determine the areas of the recipe use with specified properties.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"580 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126891135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ukraine is located about at the latitude of France, the northern part of the United States and southern Canada and has similar to these countries natural conditions. Different in terms of soil and climate conditions, the regions of agriculture in Ukraine can be considered as analogues of similar natural conditions of agricultural areas in other parts of the world. Soils with a high carbon content are more productive and able to better filter and purify water. Water contained in the soil serves as a moisture source for 90% of world agricultural production. One of the main areas of research is the study of the ratios of main products and by-products of yield, as well as root and plant residues when having different soil fertility and using promising varieties and hybrids of crops. The use of optical express methods should be carried out according to the stages of organogenesis of field crops, which will enable to specify the relationships between them, to develop criteria and indicators for effective regulation of nitrogen and carbon cycle in the system "soil - plant - atmosphere", to develop models of formation and transformation of root and other plant residues taking into account changing agrometeorological factors, crop rotations, features of the branch structure of agricultural production, varieties and hybrids of field crops. In the future, this will enable to determine the areas in the selection aimed at accumulating root mass and achieving garanteed deficit-free balance of organic carbon in the soil. The research will enable to purposefully and effectively regulate the cycle of carbon and nitrogen, both at the level of individual agricultural production systems and on the scale of the same type of agricultural areas and regions, taking into account the whole set of variables, including features of the sectoral structure of production, climate change, etc.
{"title":"Prospects for international integrated research of the carbon cycle in the system \"soil-plant-atmosphere\"","authors":"Y. Tarariko, V. Lukashuk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-276","url":null,"abstract":"Ukraine is located about at the latitude of France, the northern part of the United States and southern Canada and has similar to these countries natural conditions. Different in terms of soil and climate conditions, the regions of agriculture in Ukraine can be considered as analogues of similar natural conditions of agricultural areas in other parts of the world. Soils with a high carbon content are more productive and able to better filter and purify water. Water contained in the soil serves as a moisture source for 90% of world agricultural production. One of the main areas of research is the study of the ratios of main products and by-products of yield, as well as root and plant residues when having different soil fertility and using promising varieties and hybrids of crops. The use of optical express methods should be carried out according to the stages of organogenesis of field crops, which will enable to specify the relationships between them, to develop criteria and indicators for effective regulation of nitrogen and carbon cycle in the system \"soil - plant - atmosphere\", to develop models of formation and transformation of root and other plant residues taking into account changing agrometeorological factors, crop rotations, features of the branch structure of agricultural production, varieties and hybrids of field crops. In the future, this will enable to determine the areas in the selection aimed at accumulating root mass and achieving garanteed deficit-free balance of organic carbon in the soil. The research will enable to purposefully and effectively regulate the cycle of carbon and nitrogen, both at the level of individual agricultural production systems and on the scale of the same type of agricultural areas and regions, taking into account the whole set of variables, including features of the sectoral structure of production, climate change, etc.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123202764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern aspects of scientific support for the restoration (reconstruction and modernization) of drainage systems in the humid zone of Ukraine were determined, which were established based on the results of the analysis of the current state and features of drainage systems functioning. One of the priority areas is the development of a scientific justification of improving water supply for drainage systems. The most effective and economical technological method of increasing the water supply in reclaimed areas is the accumulation of local drainage runoff. Given the shortage of local drainage and surface runoff, increasing the water supply in reclaimed areas is provided by withdrawing and supplying to reclamation systems extra water volumes from existing reservoirs, rivers, ponds, lakes, located both within and beyond the systems. The current structure of agricultural use of drained lands in the humid zone is subject to both climate change and export market conditions. In agricultural production such crops as grain corn, sunflower, rapeseed, soybeans are cultivated. Changes in the use of drained land should be taken into account when justifying the reconstruction or modernization of drainage systems. This will enable to develop and implement a set of measures for technical re-equipment and reconstruction of drainage systems, introduce advanced resource-saving technology for growing economically attractive crops and ensure effective water regulation on drained land sin accordance with the requirements of agricultural production. The technical state of modern drainage systems in the humid zone is mainly characterized by two conditions: satisfactory, when the systems are under operation (operational) and can perform their functions keeping the design mode, and unsatisfactory, when the restoration of drainage systems is only possible provided modernization measures. Given climate change, the priority measures for the modernization of drainage systems should include work to expand their functionality to regulate soil water regime throughout the growing season. In view of the cost of modernization to expand the functionality of different types of systems (drainage, drainage and irrigation, polder and water circulation) by constructing irrigation systems on them is much lower compared to modernize them to drainage and irrigation ones when using sluice technology, preference should be given namely to the construction of irrigation systems.
{"title":"Modern aspects of scientific support for the restoration of drainage systems in the humid zone of Ukraine","authors":"G. Voropay","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-283","url":null,"abstract":"Modern aspects of scientific support for the restoration (reconstruction and modernization) of drainage systems in the humid zone of Ukraine were determined, which were established based on the results of the analysis of the current state and features of drainage systems functioning. One of the priority areas is the development of a scientific justification of improving water supply for drainage systems. The most effective and economical technological method of increasing the water supply in reclaimed areas is the accumulation of local drainage runoff. Given the shortage of local drainage and surface runoff, increasing the water supply in reclaimed areas is provided by withdrawing and supplying to reclamation systems extra water volumes from existing reservoirs, rivers, ponds, lakes, located both within and beyond the systems. The current structure of agricultural use of drained lands in the humid zone is subject to both climate change and export market conditions. In agricultural production such crops as grain corn, sunflower, rapeseed, soybeans are cultivated. Changes in the use of drained land should be taken into account when justifying the reconstruction or modernization of drainage systems. This will enable to develop and implement a set of measures for technical re-equipment and reconstruction of drainage systems, introduce advanced resource-saving technology for growing economically attractive crops and ensure effective water regulation on drained land sin accordance with the requirements of agricultural production. The technical state of modern drainage systems in the humid zone is mainly characterized by two conditions: satisfactory, when the systems are under operation (operational) and can perform their functions keeping the design mode, and unsatisfactory, when the restoration of drainage systems is only possible provided modernization measures. Given climate change, the priority measures for the modernization of drainage systems should include work to expand their functionality to regulate soil water regime throughout the growing season. In view of the cost of modernization to expand the functionality of different types of systems (drainage, drainage and irrigation, polder and water circulation) by constructing irrigation systems on them is much lower compared to modernize them to drainage and irrigation ones when using sluice technology, preference should be given namely to the construction of irrigation systems.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"12 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133552671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Romashchenko, O. Kovalenko, E. Matselyuk, D. Charny, V. Prokopov
Most water supply systems operating in Ukraine are made of steel or cast iron, which are subject to corrosion. The Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine carried out the experimental studies on the effect of an orthophosphate corrosion inhibitor on the quality of drinking water and the rate of corrosion as a result of its appliance in various doses in the water supply network. The water supply system of Obolon district of the city of Kiev was selected as the object of research. A characteristic feature of this water supply system is the use of various sources of water supply - groundwater and surface waters of the Desna and Dnieper rivers. The results of the calculation of water corrosivity carried out at the Institute based on the chemical analysis of the quality of water taken from 29 wells at the research object showed that the Langelier indices obtained using the calculation formulas for all sampling points are in the range from 0,89 to 1,77, which indicates the continuous and significant corrosive activity of water at all sampling point. The Risner index in all samples was in the range from 7.8 to 8.8, which indicates the significant pipeline corrosion. That is especially typical for the water from the well № 232, the Rizner index of which is 9.58, which indicates very intensive corrosion of the pipeline. Indicators rH2, for all samples, calculated both by F.U. Clarke and by the formula of A.I. Trufanov, indicate that the studied aquatic environment is very favorable for the vital activity of iron bacteria in general, and the pH - Eh zone of water samples indicates that there is an active vital activity of various strains: Leptothrix, Gallionella , Thiobacillus thiooxcidans or their combined activity. All the studied factors indicate that the most likely there is a complex genesis of corrosion processes in water supply networks, which combines both physicochemical and biological processes. This combination usually contributes to the processes of active secondary water pollution by the products of pipeline corrosion. Indicators rH2, for all samples, calculated by the formulas of F.U. Clark and of A.I. Trufanov, indicate that the studied aquatic environment is very favorable for the activity of iron bacteria in general, and the pH - Eh zone of water samples indicates that there is a rather high activity of different strains: Leptothrix, Gallionella, Thiobacillus thiooxcidans or their combined activity. The results of the research showed that for all ways to use of "SeaQuest Liquid" spicemen in the water of all sampling points there were no deviations from the standards of basic physicochemical parameters: the average pH of water was 7,67 ± 0.01, total water hardness was 4,3 ± 0,03, total alkalinity - 4,4 ± 0,05 mmol/dm,3 calcium content - 58,6 ± 0,7 mg/dm3, magnesium - 16,1 ± 0.2 mg/dm3, hydrocarbons - 261,4 ± 4,8 mg/dm3, manganese <0,01 mg/dm3, sulfates - 21,9 ± 1,2 mg/dm3, chlorid
{"title":"Study of the orthopolyphosphate specimen \"SeaQuest Liquid\" for anticorrosion and stabilization water treatment","authors":"M. Romashchenko, O. Kovalenko, E. Matselyuk, D. Charny, V. Prokopov","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-273","url":null,"abstract":"Most water supply systems operating in Ukraine are made of steel or cast iron, which are subject to corrosion. The Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine carried out the experimental studies on the effect of an orthophosphate corrosion inhibitor on the quality of drinking water and the rate of corrosion as a result of its appliance in various doses in the water supply network. The water supply system of Obolon district of the city of Kiev was selected as the object of research. A characteristic feature of this water supply system is the use of various sources of water supply - groundwater and surface waters of the Desna and Dnieper rivers. \u0000The results of the calculation of water corrosivity carried out at the Institute based on the chemical analysis of the quality of water taken from 29 wells at the research object showed that the Langelier indices obtained using the calculation formulas for all sampling points are in the range from 0,89 to 1,77, which indicates the continuous and significant corrosive activity of water at all sampling point. The Risner index in all samples was in the range from 7.8 to 8.8, which indicates the significant pipeline corrosion. That is especially typical for the water from the well № 232, the Rizner index of which is 9.58, which indicates very intensive corrosion of the pipeline. \u0000Indicators rH2, for all samples, calculated both by F.U. Clarke and by the formula of A.I. Trufanov, indicate that the studied aquatic environment is very favorable for the vital activity of iron bacteria in general, and the pH - Eh zone of water samples indicates that there is an active vital activity of various strains: Leptothrix, Gallionella , Thiobacillus thiooxcidans or their combined activity. \u0000All the studied factors indicate that the most likely there is a complex genesis of corrosion processes in water supply networks, which combines both physicochemical and biological processes. This combination usually contributes to the processes of active secondary water pollution by the products of pipeline corrosion. \u0000Indicators rH2, for all samples, calculated by the formulas of F.U. Clark and of A.I. Trufanov, indicate that the studied aquatic environment is very favorable for the activity of iron bacteria in general, and the pH - Eh zone of water samples indicates that there is a rather high activity of different strains: Leptothrix, Gallionella, Thiobacillus thiooxcidans or their combined activity. \u0000The results of the research showed that for all ways to use of \"SeaQuest Liquid\" spicemen in the water of all sampling points there were no deviations from the standards of basic physicochemical parameters: the average pH of water was 7,67 ± 0.01, total water hardness was 4,3 ± 0,03, total alkalinity - 4,4 ± 0,05 mmol/dm,3 calcium content - 58,6 ± 0,7 mg/dm3, magnesium - 16,1 ± 0.2 mg/dm3, hydrocarbons - 261,4 ± 4,8 mg/dm3, manganese <0,01 mg/dm3, sulfates - 21,9 ± 1,2 mg/dm3, chlorid","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128916829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Melnychuk, S. Alekseeva, O. Hordiienko, I. M. Ostryk, A. Antonyuk
Cultivation of nightshade family crops (Solanaceae) requires sufficient amount of moisture and heat. In Ukraine, the most available conditions for that are in the southern regions: Kherson, Mykolaiv, Odesa, Zaporizhia and AR of Crimea, where the average yield of tomatoes is about 30 t/ha, and planting area is about 470 thousand hectares. Tomatoes are the main host plants for the South American tomato moth. Leaves, fruits and vegetative buds damaged by these pests, become a kind of «gateway» for the infection of plants by fungal pathogens. Feeding of phytophagous on the fruits of tomato leads to their falling off. Yield losses can reach 100%. This pest has high adaptability to climatic and natural conditions, capable for reproductive activities throughout the year. Among the factors contributing to the spread of these pests at the intercontinental level, the most important is the uncontrolled trading of infected fruits with plant particles, and the local spread from one field to another due to the ability of adult moths to fly. The searching of scientifically grounded methods of control of South American tomato moth, in particular, the study of the effectiveness of modern insecticides by means of spraying and drip application along with applying irrigation against this pest in the Steppe of Ukraine is very actual. During the phytosanitary evaluation of experimental plots of tomatoes before treatment with insecticides, a high number of larvae of South American tomato moth was found, which in the check plots averaged 3,1-7,0 number/plant before the first application of insecticides, and 9,1-20,6 number/plant before the second one. Insecticide Exirel, SE (cyantraniliprole 100 g/l) with the consumption rates of 1,0 l/ha and 1,5 l/ha when providing double spraying in a small-plot experiment on open ground tomatoes provided the effectiveness against tomato moth caterpillars at 91,1% and 99,5% on the 3rd day after application, and the duration of its toxic effect exceeded 14 days. In the conditions of protected soil when applying the insecticides along with drip irrigation the insecticide Verimark CS (cyantraniliprole, 200 g/l) with the rates of 0,5 and 0,75 l/ha provided the effectiveness against tomato moth caterpillars in 3 days after application on the average by 92,4-100,0%, and the duration of its toxic effects was more than two weeks. Applying insecticides along with drip irrigation due to their local application provided high efficiency of insecticides against phytophagous larvae, having a rather long duration of toxic effect, compared with spraying.
{"title":"South American tomato moth (Tuta absoluta) and tomato protection measures in the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"F. Melnychuk, S. Alekseeva, O. Hordiienko, I. M. Ostryk, A. Antonyuk","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-267","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivation of nightshade family crops (Solanaceae) requires sufficient amount of moisture and heat. In Ukraine, the most available conditions for that are in the southern regions: Kherson, Mykolaiv, Odesa, Zaporizhia and AR of Crimea, where the average yield of tomatoes is about 30 t/ha, and planting area is about 470 thousand hectares. Tomatoes are the main host plants for the South American tomato moth. Leaves, fruits and vegetative buds damaged by these pests, become a kind of «gateway» for the infection of plants by fungal pathogens. Feeding of phytophagous on the fruits of tomato leads to their falling off. Yield losses can reach 100%. This pest has high adaptability to climatic and natural conditions, capable for reproductive activities throughout the year. Among the factors contributing to the spread of these pests at the intercontinental level, the most important is the uncontrolled trading of infected fruits with plant particles, and the local spread from one field to another due to the ability of adult moths to fly. The searching of scientifically grounded methods of control of South American tomato moth, in particular, the study of the effectiveness of modern insecticides by means of spraying and drip application along with applying irrigation against this pest in the Steppe of Ukraine is very actual. \u0000During the phytosanitary evaluation of experimental plots of tomatoes before treatment with insecticides, a high number of larvae of South American tomato moth was found, which in the check plots averaged 3,1-7,0 number/plant before the first application of insecticides, and 9,1-20,6 number/plant before the second one. Insecticide Exirel, SE (cyantraniliprole 100 g/l) with the consumption rates of 1,0 l/ha and 1,5 l/ha when providing double spraying in a small-plot experiment on open ground tomatoes provided the effectiveness against tomato moth caterpillars at 91,1% and 99,5% on the 3rd day after application, and the duration of its toxic effect exceeded 14 days. In the conditions of protected soil when applying the insecticides along with drip irrigation the insecticide Verimark CS (cyantraniliprole, 200 g/l) with the rates of 0,5 and 0,75 l/ha provided the effectiveness against tomato moth caterpillars in 3 days after application on the average by 92,4-100,0%, and the duration of its toxic effects was more than two weeks. Applying insecticides along with drip irrigation due to their local application provided high efficiency of insecticides against phytophagous larvae, having a rather long duration of toxic effect, compared with spraying.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126268425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of scientific research to specify the seed productivity of alfalfa grown on irrigated and rainfed lands of the southern Steppe of Ukraine. It is proved that obtaining stably high yields of conditioned alfalfa seeds under the conditions of regional climate change is possible only providing an optimal supply of productive moisture in the soil, since in recent years the crop has been grown under high temperature conditions and insufficient precipitation. It was established that irrigation of seed alfalfa throughout the growing season regardless of cultivar and mowing, should be conducted in two interphase periods: "the beginning of regrowth (shoots) – early budding" and "the beginning of budding – beginning of flowering". In the first interphase period, it is necessary to create conditions for optimal growth and development of plants that is achieved by maintaining the level of pre-irrigation humidity in 0-100 cm layer in the range of 70-75% MMHC on dark chestnut soils and 55-60% – on sandy loam chernozems. In the second interphase period, it is necessary to provide optimal conditions for the development of production processes and the formation of conditioned seed yields that is achieved by inhibiting growth processes, since alfalfa tends to grow up. Therefore, the level of pre-irrigation humidity of the calculated layer on medium and heavy loamy soils should be maintained within 60-65% MMHC and 45-50% MMHC – on sandy loam chernozems. The analysis of changes in natural and climatic conditions carried out over the past years shows that in the subzone of the southern Steppe, alfalfa cultivation for seeds is possible only by providing the developed irrigated agriculture. Getting the deficit of natural moisture solved, combined with high availability of heat resources and fertile dark‑chestnut soils and southern chernozems, is an objective natural prerequisite for further growth of seed productivity of alfalfa and reducing its dependence on extreme weather conditions and, above all, in medium‑dry (75%) and dry (95%) precipitation years.
{"title":"Water consumption and irrigation regime of seed alfalfa under the conditions of regional climate change in the southern Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"S. Holoborodko, O. Dymov","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-272","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of scientific research to specify the seed productivity of alfalfa grown on irrigated and rainfed lands of the southern Steppe of Ukraine. It is proved that obtaining stably high yields of conditioned alfalfa seeds under the conditions of regional climate change is possible only providing an optimal supply of productive moisture in the soil, since in recent years the crop has been grown under high temperature conditions and insufficient precipitation. It was established that irrigation of seed alfalfa throughout the growing season regardless of cultivar and mowing, should be conducted in two interphase periods: \"the beginning of regrowth (shoots) – early budding\" and \"the beginning of budding – beginning of flowering\". In the first interphase period, it is necessary to create conditions for optimal growth and development of plants that is achieved by maintaining the level of pre-irrigation humidity in 0-100 cm layer in the range of 70-75% MMHC on dark chestnut soils and 55-60% – on sandy loam chernozems. In the second interphase period, it is necessary to provide optimal conditions for the development of production processes and the formation of conditioned seed yields that is achieved by inhibiting growth processes, since alfalfa tends to grow up. Therefore, the level of pre-irrigation humidity of the calculated layer on medium and heavy loamy soils should be maintained within 60-65% MMHC and 45-50% MMHC – on sandy loam chernozems. The analysis of changes in natural and climatic conditions carried out over the past years shows that in the subzone of the southern Steppe, alfalfa cultivation for seeds is possible only by providing the developed irrigated agriculture. Getting the deficit of natural moisture solved, combined with high availability of heat resources and fertile dark‑chestnut soils and southern chernozems, is an objective natural prerequisite for further growth of seed productivity of alfalfa and reducing its dependence on extreme weather conditions and, above all, in medium‑dry (75%) and dry (95%) precipitation years.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116425290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Vozhegova, A. Malyarchuk, N. Reznichenko, D. Kotelnikov
The article presents the results of the research on soil bulk density and permeability as well as weediness of maize crops at the beginning and end of growing season on average for 2016-2019, applying different basic tillage and fertilizer systems. The goal of the research was to determine the effect of different methods and depth of basic tillage and fertilizers on agrophysical properties of soil and crop productivity in grain-row crop rotation when irrigating in the south of Ukraine. The objective of the research was to determine the effects of different methods and depths of basic tillage as well as fertilization on the agrophysical properties of dark chestnut soil and the productivity of corn in short crop rotation. During the experiment, field, quantitative-weight, visual, laboratory, calculation-comparative, mathematical-statistical methods and generally accepted in Ukraine methods and methodical recommendations were used. The research was conducted in the research fields of the Askanian SARS IIA NAAS of Ukraine. Based on the research results it was established that, both at the beginning and at the end of grooving season when applying the tillage up to 28-30 cm within the system of differentiated tillage bulk density was the smallest as 1,14 g/cm3 when using green manure and 1,19 g/cm3 without its use. When applying subsurface different depth tillage, bulk density increased up to 1,18 g/cm3 when using green manure and up to 1,26 g/cm3 without its use. Maximum bulk density of 1,28 g/cm3 was observed when no tillage applied without using green manure and 1,31 g/cm3 when using it that is by 12,3 and 10.1% higher compared to the reference area, respectively. The highest corn productivity was observed when applying subsurface different depth tillage, where the average values by the factor A were about 10,93 t/ha that is higher than those obtained in the reference area by 0,52 t/ha, or 5,0%. The use of zero tillage caused the obtaining of the lowest yield in the experiment as 8,71 t/ha that is less compared to the reference area by 1,7 t/ha, or 19,5%.
{"title":"Effect of different basic tillage and fertilizer systems on corn grain yield, when irrigating in the south of Ukraine","authors":"R. Vozhegova, A. Malyarchuk, N. Reznichenko, D. Kotelnikov","doi":"10.31073/mivg202101-285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31073/mivg202101-285","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the research on soil bulk density and permeability as well as weediness of maize crops at the beginning and end of growing season on average for 2016-2019, applying different basic tillage and fertilizer systems. The goal of the research was to determine the effect of different methods and depth of basic tillage and fertilizers on agrophysical properties of soil and crop productivity in grain-row crop rotation when irrigating in the south of Ukraine. The objective of the research was to determine the effects of different methods and depths of basic tillage as well as fertilization on the agrophysical properties of dark chestnut soil and the productivity of corn in short crop rotation. During the experiment, field, quantitative-weight, visual, laboratory, calculation-comparative, mathematical-statistical methods and generally accepted in Ukraine methods and methodical recommendations were used. The research was conducted in the research fields of the Askanian SARS IIA NAAS of Ukraine. \u0000Based on the research results it was established that, both at the beginning and at the end of grooving season when applying the tillage up to 28-30 cm within the system of differentiated tillage bulk density was the smallest as 1,14 g/cm3 when using green manure and 1,19 g/cm3 without its use. When applying subsurface different depth tillage, bulk density increased up to 1,18 g/cm3 when using green manure and up to 1,26 g/cm3 without its use. Maximum bulk density of 1,28 g/cm3 was observed when no tillage applied without using green manure and 1,31 g/cm3 when using it that is by 12,3 and 10.1% higher compared to the reference area, respectively. The highest corn productivity was observed when applying subsurface different depth tillage, where the average values by the factor A were about 10,93 t/ha that is higher than those obtained in the reference area by 0,52 t/ha, or 5,0%. The use of zero tillage caused the obtaining of the lowest yield in the experiment as 8,71 t/ha that is less compared to the reference area by 1,7 t/ha, or 19,5%.","PeriodicalId":298682,"journal":{"name":"Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник \"Меліорація і водне господарство\"","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122561676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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