{"title":"Borders, Mobile Koreans, and the Making of Modern Northeast Asia","authors":"Kirk W. Larsen","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"477 - 486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49082673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Published by the Harvard-Yenching Institute HJAS 80.2 (2020): 493–499 実物教授), which introduced the term into Japanese educational discourse at least two decades before Adal dates the introduction of real objects into the curriculum. Although kaihatsu shugi fell out of favor with the Meiji educational establishment by the early 1890s, its underlying philosophy experienced a revival among classroom teachers as part of the interwar free education movement, of which Yamamoto’s free drawing was a part.1 These observations do not diminish the substantial contribution that Beauty in the Age of Empire makes in demonstrating the value of transnational approaches in the study of non-Western history in general, as well as the history of modernization and education in Japan and Egypt, in particular. Like every good monograph, it also prompts new questions for future study. For example, did the history of aesthetic education follow the same trajectory in colonial Taiwan and Korea as the one this book chronicles on the Japanese home islands? And did the transnational movement of ideas about aesthetic education ever flow in the other direction—from East to West—during this time period?
{"title":"Poetic Transformations: Eighteenth-Century Cultural Projects on the Mekong Plains by Claudine Ang (review)","authors":"N. Nguyen","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0034","url":null,"abstract":"Published by the Harvard-Yenching Institute HJAS 80.2 (2020): 493–499 実物教授), which introduced the term into Japanese educational discourse at least two decades before Adal dates the introduction of real objects into the curriculum. Although kaihatsu shugi fell out of favor with the Meiji educational establishment by the early 1890s, its underlying philosophy experienced a revival among classroom teachers as part of the interwar free education movement, of which Yamamoto’s free drawing was a part.1 These observations do not diminish the substantial contribution that Beauty in the Age of Empire makes in demonstrating the value of transnational approaches in the study of non-Western history in general, as well as the history of modernization and education in Japan and Egypt, in particular. Like every good monograph, it also prompts new questions for future study. For example, did the history of aesthetic education follow the same trajectory in colonial Taiwan and Korea as the one this book chronicles on the Japanese home islands? And did the transnational movement of ideas about aesthetic education ever flow in the other direction—from East to West—during this time period?","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"493 - 499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49471830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
abstract:The doctrine of rebirth, particularly rebirth as an animal, was for early medieval Chinese one of the most difficult Buddhist doctrines to accept. This article explores the influence of pre-Buddhist Chinese ideas concerning the human-animal continuum on elaborations in tales of rebirth as an animal that appeared in apocryphal Buddhist scriptures likely written in China and in a late sixth-century Daoist scripture. I argue that this Daoist scripture borrowed Buddhist formulas explaining rebirth through the medium of a confession text authored by the Buddhist monks surrounding Liang Wudi 梁武帝 (r. 502–549), the first Chinese emperor to adopt the Buddhist religion. These texts elaborate a karmic hierarchy of beings, extending from the most loathsome of animals to the most exalted of humans. Thus these texts elucidate the social and political utility of the idea of animal rebirth for the religious writers who presented it to the ruling elite.䷃锣:轉世爲動物是中國中古早期最受抵觸的佛教觀念之一。本文探討古代人與動物之間的鬆散邊界及其對佛教偽經與一部六世紀晚期道經中轉世爲動物敘事的影響,並認爲這部道經模仿了梁武帝治下僧人撰成懺悔文中的輪迴觀,最後對階層式的輪迴概念及其社會政治作用加以闡述。
{"title":"Rebirth as an Animal in Early Medieval Buddhism and Daoism","authors":"Stephen R. Bokenkamp","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0029","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:The doctrine of rebirth, particularly rebirth as an animal, was for early medieval Chinese one of the most difficult Buddhist doctrines to accept. This article explores the influence of pre-Buddhist Chinese ideas concerning the human-animal continuum on elaborations in tales of rebirth as an animal that appeared in apocryphal Buddhist scriptures likely written in China and in a late sixth-century Daoist scripture. I argue that this Daoist scripture borrowed Buddhist formulas explaining rebirth through the medium of a confession text authored by the Buddhist monks surrounding Liang Wudi 梁武帝 (r. 502–549), the first Chinese emperor to adopt the Buddhist religion. These texts elaborate a karmic hierarchy of beings, extending from the most loathsome of animals to the most exalted of humans. Thus these texts elucidate the social and political utility of the idea of animal rebirth for the religious writers who presented it to the ruling elite.䷃锣:轉世爲動物是中國中古早期最受抵觸的佛教觀念之一。本文探討古代人與動物之間的鬆散邊界及其對佛教偽經與一部六世紀晚期道經中轉世爲動物敘事的影響,並認爲這部道經模仿了梁武帝治下僧人撰成懺悔文中的輪迴觀,最後對階層式的輪迴概念及其社會政治作用加以闡述。","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"419 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47002018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Published by the Harvard-Yenching Institute HJAS 80.2 (2020): 520–526 of their great labor. For example, Yang Fuji 楊復吉 (1747–1820), who compiled five additional installments (ca. 1774–ca. 1816) in Zhaodai congshu after Zhang Chao’s, only had the colophons from the work printed in his lifetime. For the well-educated class, attitudes toward how knowledge should be preserved, presented, and transmitted changed from imperial to post-imperial times. On the other hand, similarities in who the compilers were and how the work of compilation was organized are also striking. Educated individuals, for more than half a century after the fall of the Qing, retained authority over the production and transmission of knowledge, past and present. Taken together, these two well-researched and perceptive books show how, over time, certain uses of print became very different as Chinese society and culture underwent radical changes, while other uses evinced continuities.
{"title":"Guan Yu: The Religious Afterlife of a Failed Hero by Barend J. ter Haar (review)","authors":"Philip Clart","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0038","url":null,"abstract":"Published by the Harvard-Yenching Institute HJAS 80.2 (2020): 520–526 of their great labor. For example, Yang Fuji 楊復吉 (1747–1820), who compiled five additional installments (ca. 1774–ca. 1816) in Zhaodai congshu after Zhang Chao’s, only had the colophons from the work printed in his lifetime. For the well-educated class, attitudes toward how knowledge should be preserved, presented, and transmitted changed from imperial to post-imperial times. On the other hand, similarities in who the compilers were and how the work of compilation was organized are also striking. Educated individuals, for more than half a century after the fall of the Qing, retained authority over the production and transmission of knowledge, past and present. Taken together, these two well-researched and perceptive books show how, over time, certain uses of print became very different as Chinese society and culture underwent radical changes, while other uses evinced continuities.","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"520 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48186928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Published by the Harvard-Yenching Institute HJAS 80.2 (2020): 571–577 of the southwest are very much part of Steinhardt’s story, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia are not. To glide past them is to glide past controversy—a politically astute account is not exactly comprehensive. Chinese Architecture is an invaluable contribution to the field. This well-written epic overview of China’s monumental building tradition will not likely be surpassed in its central endeavor anytime soon. Most emerging and midcareer scholars cannot hope to master for themselves the subject matter of this book in a more comprehensive way, given the declining research opportunities contemporary academia presents. This book is a worthy crown to Steinhardt’s remarkable career of scholarship. Where one path has reached its logical termination, however, others may begin.
{"title":"The Halberd at Red Cliff: Jian’an and the Three Kingdoms by Xiaofei Tian (review)","authors":"Paul F. Rouzer","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0047","url":null,"abstract":"Published by the Harvard-Yenching Institute HJAS 80.2 (2020): 571–577 of the southwest are very much part of Steinhardt’s story, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia are not. To glide past them is to glide past controversy—a politically astute account is not exactly comprehensive. Chinese Architecture is an invaluable contribution to the field. This well-written epic overview of China’s monumental building tradition will not likely be surpassed in its central endeavor anytime soon. Most emerging and midcareer scholars cannot hope to master for themselves the subject matter of this book in a more comprehensive way, given the declining research opportunities contemporary academia presents. This book is a worthy crown to Steinhardt’s remarkable career of scholarship. Where one path has reached its logical termination, however, others may begin.","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"571 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48690331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 1964, Princeton University Press published an edited volume of conference papers titled Political Modernization in Japan and Turkey.1 A brief comparison of its chapters on education with Raja Adal’s monograph, which pairs Japan with a different eastern Mediterranean country, allows for some preliminary observations concerning the arc of historical scholarship on education and modernization in Japan and beyond during the ensuing fifty-five years. Writing during the formative period of area studies and the apogee of modernization theory, contributors to the Princeton volume approach modernization as “a process of long-range cultural and social change accepted by members of the changing society as beneficial, inevitable, or on balance desirable.”2 Turkey and Japan are singled out for analysis because they share an “Asian background and culture” and avoided “outright colonial rule,” which enabled them to chart their own paths to modernization independently and selectively between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries.3 These similarities notwithstanding, it is left to the reader to draw any meaningful comparisons between Ronald Dore’s entry on education in Japan and Frederick Frey’s chapter on education in Turkey.4
{"title":"Beauty in the Age of Empire: Japan, Egypt, and the Global History of Aesthetic Education by Raja Adal (review)","authors":"Mark Lincicome","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0033","url":null,"abstract":"In 1964, Princeton University Press published an edited volume of conference papers titled Political Modernization in Japan and Turkey.1 A brief comparison of its chapters on education with Raja Adal’s monograph, which pairs Japan with a different eastern Mediterranean country, allows for some preliminary observations concerning the arc of historical scholarship on education and modernization in Japan and beyond during the ensuing fifty-five years. Writing during the formative period of area studies and the apogee of modernization theory, contributors to the Princeton volume approach modernization as “a process of long-range cultural and social change accepted by members of the changing society as beneficial, inevitable, or on balance desirable.”2 Turkey and Japan are singled out for analysis because they share an “Asian background and culture” and avoided “outright colonial rule,” which enabled them to chart their own paths to modernization independently and selectively between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries.3 These similarities notwithstanding, it is left to the reader to draw any meaningful comparisons between Ronald Dore’s entry on education in Japan and Frederick Frey’s chapter on education in Turkey.4","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"487 - 493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hyecho's Journey: The World of Buddhism by Donald S. Lopez Jr., et al. (review)","authors":"R. Mcbride","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"249 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jas.2020.0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46200271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Material Culture and Fashion in Tang China and Beyond","authors":"Rebecca Doran","doi":"10.1353/jas.2020.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jas.2020.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29948,"journal":{"name":"HARVARD JOURNAL OF ASIATIC STUDIES","volume":"80 1","pages":"165 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jas.2020.0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43735592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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