Pub Date : 2026-02-20DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2026.3663038
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology About this Journal","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2026.3663038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2026.3663038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11404257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-20DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2026.3663034
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2026.3663034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2026.3663034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11404256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3649258
Jose A. Vílchez Membrilla;Víctor Salas Moreno;Maria A. Koponen;Victor H. Souza;Mario F. Pantoja;Risto J. Ilmoniemi;Clemente Cobos Sánchez
Objective: Interleaving transcranial magnetic stimulation with magnetic resonance imaging (TMS–MRI) is a promising tool for neuroscience. However, its development is limited by the strong interactions between the TMS current pulse and the high magnetic field present within the MRI environment. The objective of this study is to develop methodologies for designing TMS coils that can operate safely inside MRI scanners. Methods: By using an inverse boundary element method design framework, we study the effects of controlling different norms of the Lorentz force in the design process to produce more durable TMS coils. We apply this method to design rodent–specific TMS coils capable of withstanding the high static magnetic fields present in small animal MRI scanners. The performance of the proposed TMS coils is validated under realistic simulations using practical coil plate materials and pulses in the COMSOL Multiphysics software. Results: The numerical simulations indicate that minimising the maximum magnitude ($l^{infty}$ norm) of the Lorentz force distribution produces TMS coils with improved mechanical behaviour when operating within an MRI environment. Significance: The proposed design strategy offers an effective solution for producing TMS coils with enhanced mechanical durability. This improvement may be particularly valuable to address the current challenges faced in interleaved TMS–MRI applications.
{"title":"Design of Mechanical Durable TMS Coils for Safe Operation in High-Field MRI Environments","authors":"Jose A. Vílchez Membrilla;Víctor Salas Moreno;Maria A. Koponen;Victor H. Souza;Mario F. Pantoja;Risto J. Ilmoniemi;Clemente Cobos Sánchez","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3649258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3649258","url":null,"abstract":"<italic>Objective:</i> Interleaving transcranial magnetic stimulation with magnetic resonance imaging (TMS–MRI) is a promising tool for neuroscience. However, its development is limited by the strong interactions between the TMS current pulse and the high magnetic field present within the MRI environment. The objective of this study is to develop methodologies for designing TMS coils that can operate safely inside MRI scanners. <italic>Methods:</i> By using an inverse boundary element method design framework, we study the effects of controlling different norms of the Lorentz force in the design process to produce more durable TMS coils. We apply this method to design rodent–specific TMS coils capable of withstanding the high static magnetic fields present in small animal MRI scanners. The performance of the proposed TMS coils is validated under realistic simulations using practical coil plate materials and pulses in the COMSOL Multiphysics software. <italic>Results:</i> The numerical simulations indicate that minimising the maximum magnitude (<inline-formula><tex-math>$l^{infty}$</tex-math></inline-formula> norm) of the Lorentz force distribution produces TMS coils with improved mechanical behaviour when operating within an MRI environment. <italic>Significance:</i> The proposed design strategy offers an effective solution for producing TMS coils with enhanced mechanical durability. This improvement may be particularly valuable to address the current challenges faced in interleaved TMS–MRI applications.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11367254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3641620
Chase C. Griswold;Cynthia M. Furse
We assess the efficacy of a new biocompatible conductive nanocomposite polymer (CNCP) ink for implantable antenna development at 433 MHz, the ISM band closest to the MedRadio band (402–405 MHz). We compare the statistical variations of the reflection coefficients (S11) of a strip dipole antenna made from a biocompatible CNCP film or copper (which is not biocompatible but serves as a model of the best possible antenna) at different locations in a pork testbed. We also measure the statistical variability of tissue properties (relative permittivity and electrical conductivity) of four different pork phantom testbed models from 300–500 MHz. Testbeds include ground pork (compressed or not) with or without a layer of shortening (fat). All antennas are assessed in an uncompressed testbed with a layer of fat. These measurements quantify how variation in tissue properties results in detuning of the antenna.
{"title":"Analysis of an Implantable Antenna Made From a Biocompatible Nanocomposite Polymer Film","authors":"Chase C. Griswold;Cynthia M. Furse","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3641620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3641620","url":null,"abstract":"We assess the efficacy of a new biocompatible conductive nanocomposite polymer (CNCP) ink for implantable antenna development at 433 MHz, the ISM band closest to the MedRadio band (402–405 MHz). We compare the statistical variations of the reflection coefficients (S<sub>11</sub>) of a strip dipole antenna made from a biocompatible CNCP film or copper (which is not biocompatible but serves as a model of the best possible antenna) at different locations in a pork testbed. We also measure the statistical variability of tissue properties (relative permittivity and electrical conductivity) of four different pork phantom testbed models from 300–500 MHz. Testbeds include ground pork (compressed or not) with or without a layer of shortening (fat). All antennas are assessed in an uncompressed testbed with a layer of fat. These measurements quantify how variation in tissue properties results in detuning of the antenna.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3627888
Allyanna Rice;Asimina Kiourti
The dielectric contrast between healthy and osteoporotic bones can be monitored using microwave techniques. However, previously reported values of bone dielectric properties are inconclusive: significant variations exist due to different sample types, preservation methods, and measurement techniques. To overcome these limitations, we present an anatomically accurate dielectric model of bone loss in the trabecular bone at microwave frequencies along with accompanying phantoms. Specifically, bone volume fractions (BVFs), or ratios of red bone marrow to trabecular bone, are developed with dielectric mixing equations to represent various stages of bone loss. The dielectric properties for BVFs of 10% and 40% are calculated for realistic representation of bone loss in simulations. Then, semi-solid phantoms for emulating bone loss from 0.75 to 5 GHz are developed for experimentation. The phantoms are composed of sunflower oil, salt water, gelatin, and dish soap. The average percent error between the permittivity and conductivity of the proposed simulation model and the fabricated phantom is 4.30% and 8.38% for a BVF of 10% and 5.57% and 6.58% for a BVF of 40%, respectively, from 0.75 to 5 GHz. This work is the first to consider the dielectric properties of red bone marrow as a critical factor in monitoring bone loss in the trabecular bone regions at microwave frequencies. Additionally, this work develops the first known phantoms for emulating bone loss. The proposed dielectric model and semi-solid phantoms can be used for realistic simulation, testing, and development of microwave sensing and imaging systems for bone loss prior to human testing.
{"title":"A Dielectric Model and Phantom Development to Emulate Bone Loss At Microwave Frequencies","authors":"Allyanna Rice;Asimina Kiourti","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3627888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3627888","url":null,"abstract":"The dielectric contrast between healthy and osteoporotic bones can be monitored using microwave techniques. However, previously reported values of bone dielectric properties are inconclusive: significant variations exist due to different sample types, preservation methods, and measurement techniques. To overcome these limitations, we present an anatomically accurate dielectric model of bone loss in the trabecular bone at microwave frequencies along with accompanying phantoms. Specifically, bone volume fractions (BVFs), or ratios of red bone marrow to trabecular bone, are developed with dielectric mixing equations to represent various stages of bone loss. The dielectric properties for BVFs of 10% and 40% are calculated for realistic representation of bone loss in simulations. Then, semi-solid phantoms for emulating bone loss from 0.75 to 5 GHz are developed for experimentation. The phantoms are composed of sunflower oil, salt water, gelatin, and dish soap. The average percent error between the permittivity and conductivity of the proposed simulation model and the fabricated phantom is 4.30% and 8.38% for a BVF of 10% and 5.57% and 6.58% for a BVF of 40%, respectively, from 0.75 to 5 GHz. This work is the first to consider the dielectric properties of red bone marrow as a critical factor in monitoring bone loss in the trabecular bone regions at microwave frequencies. Additionally, this work develops the first known phantoms for emulating bone loss. The proposed dielectric model and semi-solid phantoms can be used for realistic simulation, testing, and development of microwave sensing and imaging systems for bone loss prior to human testing.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"154-162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3633717
Shuping Li;Donglin Gao;Minning Zhu;Chung-Tse Michael Wu
This work presents a novel space-time-coding (STC)-enabled radar sensor that leverages spatial-spectral mapping for target angle estimation and vital sign monitoring (VSM). The implemented prototype integrates a 1-to-5 unequal Wilkinson power divider and five patch antennas with direct antenna modulation (DAM), digitally controlled via an FPGA. By manipulating received signals into multiple harmonics as a function of incident angle, the STC array enables multi-harmonic amplitude analysis for angular localization. Experimental validation demonstrates accurate DOA estimation across an angular range of –70$^{circ }$ to +70$^{circ }$, within the acceptable $pm 7.5^{circ }$ tolerance defined by the physical width of the human torso (33–41 cm), at a distance of 1.2 m. Furthermore, vital sign information extracted from the harmonic corresponding to the estimated angle range exhibits strong agreement with the ground truth. Unlike conventional DOA techniques, the proposed method operates using a single-channel over-the-air signal and does not require complex signal processing algorithms, offering a low-complexity and scalable solution for indoor biomedical and smart home applications.
{"title":"Multi-Harmonics Amplitude Analysis via Space-Time Coding Enabled Spatial-Spectral Mapping for Target Angle Estimation and Vital Sign Monitoring","authors":"Shuping Li;Donglin Gao;Minning Zhu;Chung-Tse Michael Wu","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3633717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3633717","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a novel space-time-coding (STC)-enabled radar sensor that leverages spatial-spectral mapping for target angle estimation and vital sign monitoring (VSM). The implemented prototype integrates a 1-to-5 unequal Wilkinson power divider and five patch antennas with direct antenna modulation (DAM), digitally controlled via an FPGA. By manipulating received signals into multiple harmonics as a function of incident angle, the STC array enables multi-harmonic amplitude analysis for angular localization. Experimental validation demonstrates accurate DOA estimation across an angular range of –70<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> to +70<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>, within the acceptable <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm 7.5^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> tolerance defined by the physical width of the human torso (33–41 cm), at a distance of 1.2 m. Furthermore, vital sign information extracted from the harmonic corresponding to the estimated angle range exhibits strong agreement with the ground truth. Unlike conventional DOA techniques, the proposed method operates using a single-channel over-the-air signal and does not require complex signal processing algorithms, offering a low-complexity and scalable solution for indoor biomedical and smart home applications.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3634560
Md Abdul Awal;Lei Guo;Kamel Sultan;Amin Abbosh
Microwave imaging has emerged as a promising modality for various biomedical applications, offering advantages such as portability, non-ionizing radiation, cost-effectiveness, and real-time scanning. However, clutter, unwanted signals from strong reflections, and different types of tissue interactions complicate imaging and hinder accurate diagnosis. This study provides a comprehensive review and comparative analysis of clutter removal algorithms in microwave imaging. Traditional clutter-removal methods, such as differential subtraction, average subtraction, symmetric subtraction, and adjacent subtraction, have been widely used for their fast processing and simplicity but often fall short in producing high-quality, clutter-free images. More sophisticated methods, such as Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD)-based, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)-based, spatial filtering, entropy-based, and entropy-Wiener filter-based techniques, offer improved performance but still do not meet clinical standards. To guide and motivate researchers working in this area, this review not only discusses clutter removal algorithms, but also investigates the performance of key algorithms across various environments, from simple homogeneous to complex heterogeneous domains, and highlights those used in clinical environments. This review also suggests that AI methods guided by the physics of the problem could offer a potential solution; however, they are computationally and data-intensive. This is a challenge considering the limited clinical data from microwave imaging systems.
{"title":"Clutter Removal Techniques for Medical Microwave Imaging","authors":"Md Abdul Awal;Lei Guo;Kamel Sultan;Amin Abbosh","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3634560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3634560","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave imaging has emerged as a promising modality for various biomedical applications, offering advantages such as portability, non-ionizing radiation, cost-effectiveness, and real-time scanning. However, clutter, unwanted signals from strong reflections, and different types of tissue interactions complicate imaging and hinder accurate diagnosis. This study provides a comprehensive review and comparative analysis of clutter removal algorithms in microwave imaging. Traditional clutter-removal methods, such as differential subtraction, average subtraction, symmetric subtraction, and adjacent subtraction, have been widely used for their fast processing and simplicity but often fall short in producing high-quality, clutter-free images. More sophisticated methods, such as Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD)-based, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)-based, spatial filtering, entropy-based, and entropy-Wiener filter-based techniques, offer improved performance but still do not meet clinical standards. To guide and motivate researchers working in this area, this review not only discusses clutter removal algorithms, but also investigates the performance of key algorithms across various environments, from simple homogeneous to complex heterogeneous domains, and highlights those used in clinical environments. This review also suggests that AI methods guided by the physics of the problem could offer a potential solution; however, they are computationally and data-intensive. This is a challenge considering the limited clinical data from microwave imaging systems.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"127-144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study introduces a dual-band wearable 8-element rectenna for self-powered wearable sensors based on far-field RF energy harvesting at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz. The array was patterned on a textile substrate by laser-cutting a conductive textile and tested in body-worn configuration for both radiation pattern and RF-to-DC conversion properties. It comprises eight monopole-type dual-band element antennas, arranged in a circular configuration that ensures 50$%$ combined mutual polarization efficiency with an incident electromagnetic wave impinging on it regardless of the wave's polarization. Single element exhibits the gain of 2.5 dBi at 2.45 GHz and 5.7 dBi at 5.8 GHz with the corresponding input reflection coefficients below $-$15 dB in the body-worn configuration. The mutual coupling between the elements remains well below $-$20 dB at both operating frequencies. With the serial-type DC-combining approach, this yielded a stable 1.8 V output DC voltage from the rectenna array over a 4 k$Omega$ load.
{"title":"Wearable Textile-Based Dual-Band 8-Element Rectenna Array for Polarization Independent Far-Field RF Energy Harvesting","authors":"Nasir Ullah Khan;Abdul Basir;Arcangelo Merla;Toni Björninen","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3636066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3636066","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces a dual-band wearable 8-element rectenna for self-powered wearable sensors based on far-field RF energy harvesting at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz. The array was patterned on a textile substrate by laser-cutting a conductive textile and tested in body-worn configuration for both radiation pattern and RF-to-DC conversion properties. It comprises eight monopole-type dual-band element antennas, arranged in a circular configuration that ensures 50<inline-formula><tex-math>$%$</tex-math></inline-formula> combined mutual polarization efficiency with an incident electromagnetic wave impinging on it regardless of the wave's polarization. Single element exhibits the gain of 2.5 dBi at 2.45 GHz and 5.7 dBi at 5.8 GHz with the corresponding input reflection coefficients below <inline-formula><tex-math>$-$</tex-math></inline-formula>15 dB in the body-worn configuration. The mutual coupling between the elements remains well below <inline-formula><tex-math>$-$</tex-math></inline-formula>20 dB at both operating frequencies. With the serial-type DC-combining approach, this yielded a stable 1.8 V output DC voltage from the rectenna array over a 4 k<inline-formula><tex-math>$Omega$</tex-math></inline-formula> load.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"116-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3638178
{"title":"2025 Index IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3638178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3638178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"525-542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11270968","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145612145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3632492
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF, and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology About this Journal","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3632492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3632492","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11263960","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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