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Land resources administration in Ukraine : implementation of a three-tier model of power distribution 乌克兰土地资源管理:三层权力分配模式的实施
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020205
Valentyna Mamonova, Vira Kojurina
: The article provides a scientific analysis of the regulation of the powers of district state administrations in the field of land management. It was determined that the normative securing of the functions of the district authorities in land management, as well as the regulation of environmental safety requires unification, since in the basic laws the norms differ in content and formulation. These powers need to be reflected in the structure of the district state administration, in accordance with the basic law of administration (the structure of the public authority must correspond to the functions). In order to study the practice, the structure of 40 district administrations of different regions of Ukraine was analyzed; it was found that the actual structure does not correspond to the functional load, which is enshrined in the legislation. It is such inconsistencies that make it impossible to move to the second stage of decentralization, which is already taking place at the legislative level. analysis powers and responsibilities in various areas, in particular in the field of land relations and environmental issues. It has been established that there is a general tendency to the blurring of the district level of power, since the bulk of powers was given to local governments. A number of functions (control) have been considered expedient to perform together by employees of both structures. The problems that may arise in the cooperation of DSA and local governments in the outlined area have been considered. Approaches to the distribution of powers depending on the stage of land decentralization implementation and the role of DSA in each of the two proposed administration models have been analyzed. Relevant changes to the regulatory framework have been proposed and directions for further research have been indicated.
本文对地方国家行政机关在土地管理领域的权力规制进行了科学的分析。经确定,为了规范地确保地区当局在土地管理方面的职能,以及规范环境安全,需要统一,因为在基本法律中,规范在内容和措法上是不同的。这些权力需要根据行政基本法反映在地区国家行政机构的结构中(公共权力机构的结构必须符合职能)。为了研究这种做法,对乌克兰不同地区的40个区级行政机构的结构进行了分析;结果发现,实际结构与法例所载的功能负荷不符。正是这种不一致使得不可能进入权力下放的第二阶段,而这一阶段已经在立法一级进行。分析各领域的权力和责任,特别是在土地关系和环境问题领域。已经确定的是,由于大部分权力被赋予了地方政府,因此存在着地区权力模糊的总体趋势。许多职能(控制)被认为是由两个结构的雇员共同执行的权宜之计。考虑了DSA与概述区域内地方政府合作可能出现的问题。本文分析了土地分权实施阶段对权力分配的影响,以及两种拟议行政模式中DSA的作用。已经提出了对监管框架的相关变更,并指出了进一步研究的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of ministry of defence of Ukraine crisis communications within the Russian Federation information aggression against Ukraine in 2016–2018 乌克兰国防部危机通讯分析2016-2018年俄罗斯联邦对乌克兰的信息侵略
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020204
V. Kushnir, I. Izhutova
The active phase of hybrid aggression of the Russian Federation which was started from the illegal annexation of Crimea and occupation of the several regions of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts in 2014 has been accompanied by massive information and disinformation campaigns against Ukraine launched by the aggressor. They were accompanied by spreading fakes, deepfakes, propaganda messages, and manipulations. The crisis communications, including efficient information environment monitoring, are important for stable development of any structure and organization. Hybrid component of the conflict was observable since the inception. Information and psychological warfare, humiliation of Ukrainian language and culture, falsification of the Ukrainian history, and establishment of alternative reality of the distorted information picture of the world by the Russian media were identified as one of the most relevant threats to the national security of Ukraine. The aggressor spreads and tells own narratives. Current challenges and threats to the national security of Ukraine determine the overall necessity of finding a viable, appropriate, 1 Candidate of Sciences (Public Administration), Doctoral Student at the Educational and Research Centre for Strategic Communications in the Sphere of National Security and Defence, National Defence University of Ukraine named after Ivan Cherniakhovskyi, mou-infopress@ukr.net. ORCID: 0000-0002-0805-4092 2 Chief of Training Section, Educational and Research Centre for Strategic Communications in the Sphere of National Security and Defence, National Defence University of Ukraine named after Ivan Cherniakhovskyi, perevod_vu@ukr.net. ORCID: 00000002-2614-7014. 60 VIKTORIA KUSHNIR, IRYNA IZHUTOVA effective, as well as integrated tool, which will make possible to establish consistent cooperation in the security and defence sector. Qualitative analysis of the organization of work of elements and units of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine during the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in order to develop new effective mechanisms of countering the aggression is of upmost importance. The development of this work on the basis of the unique experience will give the chance to establish effective resistance to destructive information campaigns, crisis situations which are conducted by the external aggressor. Purpose of the article is a detailed analysis of the gradual development of mechanisms of implementation of state information policy by the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine while countering hybrid aggression in 2014-2019, as well as development of further recommendations for reform of the abovementioned direction.
从2014年非法吞并克里米亚和占领顿涅茨克州和卢甘斯克州的几个地区开始,俄罗斯联邦混合侵略的活跃阶段伴随着侵略者对乌克兰发起的大量信息和虚假信息运动。它们伴随着传播虚假、深度虚假、宣传信息和操纵。危机沟通,包括有效的信息环境监测,对于任何结构和组织的稳定发展都至关重要。冲突的混合成分从一开始就可以观察到。信息战和心理战、对乌克兰语言和文化的羞辱、篡改乌克兰历史以及俄罗斯媒体歪曲的世界信息图片的另一种现实被确定为对乌克兰国家安全的最相关威胁之一。侵略者散布并讲述自己的故事。当前对乌克兰国家安全的挑战和威胁决定了寻找一名可行的,适当的,1名科学(公共管理)候选人,乌克兰国防大学国家安全和国防领域战略传播教育和研究中心博士生,以伊万·切尔尼亚霍夫斯基命名,mou-infopress@ukr.net。2以伊万·切尔尼亚霍夫斯基命名的乌克兰国防大学国家安全和国防领域战略传播教育和研究中心培训科科长,perevod_vu@ukr.net。ORCID: 00000002-2614-7014。VIKTORIA KUSHNIR, IRYNA IZHUTOVA是有效和综合的工具,这将有可能在安全和国防部门建立一致的合作。在俄罗斯联邦对乌克兰进行武装侵略期间,对乌克兰国防部各部门和单位的工作安排进行定性分析,以便建立新的有效的对抗侵略的机制,这是极为重要的。在独特经验的基础上开展这项工作,将有机会对外部侵略者进行的破坏性宣传运动和危机局势建立有效的抵抗。本文的目的是详细分析乌克兰国防部在2014-2019年打击混合侵略的同时实施国家信息政策的机制的逐步发展,以及为上述方向的改革提出进一步的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Review of the book Sekurytyzacja jako narzędzie polityki zagranicznej Izraela w świetle teorii regionalnych kompleksów bezpieczeństwa [Securitization as a tool of foreign policy of Israel in light of regional security complexes theory]. Author: Marcin Szy
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020210
Oleksandr Veretilnyk
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引用次数: 0
Peculiarities of implementation of staffing mechanism of local authorities effective functioning 实施地方政府编制机制有效运作的特殊性
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020203
Ainura Mosumov
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引用次数: 0
Factors of influence on the implementation of public administration in the field of solid waste management 影响固体废物管理领域公共行政实施的因素
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020202
N. Kryzyna, L. Radchenko
: Ukraine, as a modern state governed by the rule of law, has chosen one of its priority areas of development - focus on the European Union (EU) by harmonizing modern Ukrainian legislation with European standards, adapting regulations, including solid waste (MSW). The experience of many European countries in solving this problem indicates the level of environmental awareness and motivation of the population (Rezoljucija In contrast to European countries, Ukraine has a very low level of processing and utilization of solid waste and а high indicator of their burial in landfills. A significant number of landfills are overloaded; do not meet environmental and sanitary standards. In the field of solid waste management there is a dangerous situation, which is exacerbated every year, resulting in increasing danger to the environment, life and health of the population. Solving this problem requires effective action to implement state policy and governance in this industry. Accumulation generation is increasing from year to year, while a significant share of this waste is disposed of in landfills and landfills that are improperly operated, which has a negative influence on the environment and human health. Today, the system of solid waste management is ineffective in Ukraine, resource-intensive, does not prevent the negative impact of solid waste on the environment on the life and health of the population. This contradicts the legally defined goals and directions of state policy in this area. As a result, the territory of Ukraine is littered with solid waste, which can lead to a garbage collapse at both the regional and national levels. Therefore, the solution of this problem at the state level should be carried out through the introduction of effective public administration through legislative regulation, adaptation and implementation of regulations and legislation of European countries.
乌克兰作为一个现代法治国家,选择了其优先发展领域之一,即通过使乌克兰现代立法与欧洲标准相协调,调整包括固体废物(MSW)在内的法规,重点关注欧洲联盟(EU)。许多欧洲国家在解决这一问题方面的经验表明了人民的环境意识和积极性(Rezoljucija)。与欧洲国家相比,乌克兰处理和利用固体废物的水平很低,掩埋固体废物的比率却很高。相当数量的堆填区负荷过重;不符合环境卫生标准。在固体废物管理领域存在着一种危险的情况,这种情况每年都在加剧,对环境、生命和人口健康造成越来越大的危险。解决这一问题需要采取有效行动,落实国家政策和对该行业的治理。积累量逐年增加,而这类废物的很大一部分被处置在垃圾填埋场和操作不当的垃圾填埋场,这对环境和人类健康产生了不利影响。今天,乌克兰的固体废物管理系统是无效的,资源密集,不能防止固体废物对环境、对人民的生活和健康产生负面影响。这与法律规定的这一领域的国家政策目标和方向相矛盾。因此,乌克兰领土上到处都是固体废物,这可能导致区域和国家一级的垃圾崩溃。因此,在国家层面上解决这一问题,应该通过立法规制、调整和实施欧洲国家的法规和立法,引入有效的公共管理来进行。
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引用次数: 0
On the issue of international unity and synergy of the communist movement 关于共产主义运动的国际团结和协同问题
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020209
Zbigniew Wiktor
The subject of the analysis is the development of program and organizational changes in recent decades in Communist Party of China. In particular, the international context and potential opportunities for international cooperation of communist parties and the creation of a new global organization are considered. The publication also considers the historical background of the functioning of the Communist International. It is stated that Communist Party of China possess own independent way of building of socialism. Article main conclusion is that international communist movement should change its relations with the Communist Party of China and cooperate together. INSTEAD OF INTRODUCING The new stage of the class struggle is not only in Poland, but in Europe and in the world, requiring us to force our activity on the international stage. We have discussed many years about the new International, but there has been no results. The main cause is the collapse of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, of the USSR, the Peoples Democracies in Europe at the end of 20th century, especially danger of new revisionism, opportunism and nationalism. The political initiative become capitalism, imperialism 1 Professor emeritus of the Universoty of Wrocław, z.wiktor@gazeta.pl
分析的主题是近几十年来中国共产党的纲领发展和组织变革。特别是,国际环境和潜在的机会,共产党的国际合作和创建一个新的全球性组织进行了考虑。该出版物还考虑了共产国际运作的历史背景。论述了中国共产党有自己独立的社会主义建设道路。文章的主要结论是国际共产主义运动应改变与中国共产党的关系,共同合作。阶级斗争的新阶段不仅在波兰,而且在欧洲和全世界,要求我们把我们的活动推向国际舞台。关于新国际,我们已经讨论了许多年,但是没有任何结果。其主要原因是20世纪末苏共、苏联、欧洲各人民民主国家的崩溃,特别是新修正主义、机会主义和民族主义的危险。政治上主动成为资本主义、帝国主义1名大学名誉教授Wrocław、z.wiktor@gazeta.pl
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引用次数: 0
National Security and Public Administration in Modern Political Systems 现代政治制度下的国家安全和公共管理
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020106
V. Zagurska-Antoniuk
: Th e article deals with the problem of national security in the contemporary world which is greatly infl uenced by the process of globalization and digitalization. Th e paper highli-ghts the role of national security in modern state building. Th e following issue has been of great interest to many outstanding scientists worldwide especially since the beginning of the XXI century. However, the subject matter of national security in the system of public administration has not been clearly defi ned yet. Th erefore, the paper analyzes the approaches to defi ne national security and points out its distinctive features. Moreover, it emphasizes the fact that at the level of national, regional and global relations the concept of national security is oft en associated with security strategies. Th us, the article puts emphasis on the predominant characteristics that help to distinguish between these two concepts. In addition, the research clarifi es the characteristic features of national security as well as state security. Security, like many other categories of social sciences, does not have a conclusive defi nition. What is more, the category of security has an interdisciplinary signifi cance. Th erefore, scientists defi ne it in accordance with the subject matter and the specifi cs of cognition and research. Nevertheless, many outstanding scholars view security as an anthropocentric category related to man’s socialessence and value. Accordingly, security presupposes having freedom from the risk, danger and the threat of change to the worse. Most scientists agree that security is a constituent of every aspect of human life. Consequently, security issues consideration is of great signifi cance. All in all, nowadays it is greatly important to achieve a state of security as our globalized society frequently leads to diff erent challenges and dangers. Th e results of the research contribute to better understanding of the issue and make it possible to introduce eff ective mechanisms of public administration in the fi eld of national security.
本文论述了受全球化和数字化进程影响的当代世界的国家安全问题。文章强调了国家安全在现代国家建设中的作用。特别是自21世纪初以来,下列问题一直是全世界许多杰出科学家非常感兴趣的问题。然而,公共行政体系中的国家安全主体尚未得到明确界定。因此,本文分析了界定国家安全的途径,指出了国家安全的特点。此外,它强调这样一个事实,即在国家、区域和全球关系一级,国家安全的概念往往与安全战略联系在一起。因此,本文强调有助于区分这两个概念的主要特征。此外,本研究还明确了国家安全的特征以及国家安全。像许多其他社会科学范畴一样,安全并没有一个决定性的定义。更重要的是,安全范畴具有跨学科意义。因此,科学家根据认知和研究的主题和具体情况来定义它。然而,许多杰出的学者将安全视为与人的社会本质和价值有关的人类中心主义范畴。因此,安全的先决条件是免于风险、危险和变坏的威胁。大多数科学家都认为安全是人类生活方方面面的组成部分。因此,安全问题的考虑具有重要意义。总而言之,当今实现安全状态非常重要,因为我们的全球化社会经常导致不同的挑战和危险。研究结果有助于更好地理解这一问题,并为在国家安全领域引入有效的公共管理机制提供了可能。
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引用次数: 0
The Efficiency of Social Policy in Ukraine: Challenges and Prospects 乌克兰社会政策效率:挑战与展望
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020104
V. Ventsel
: Th e article considers pertinent issues related to social policymaking and its implementation in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on remuneration as the key element of ensuring citizens’ welfare and economic development of the state. Remuneration plays one of the most important roles in the economic system and ensuring a decent standard of living. Th e wage refl ects the employee’s welfare level and should be correlated with the qualifi cation level and productivity in the production spheres or determined according to the set qualifi cation criteria, quality assessment system and effi ciency of employees in non-production spheres. Low remuneration standards and low correlation between wages and productivity aff ect the motivation of the workforce and reduce its economic and labour activity. Th e analysis of the minimum wage and subsistence level as the categories defi ning the status and directions of economic and social policy of the state has been performed. Th e minimum wage has a decisive infl uence on many social and economic processes. fi and economic Th e wage directly aff ects the volume and structure of the expenditure part of state and local bud-gets, it is one of the basic elements for making the payroll of budgetary institutions and organizations. For business structures, the minimum wage is an indicator that refl ects the economic and social policy of state, a category that aff ects their current business activities and the production and fi nancial strategy making.
本文考虑了与乌克兰社会政策制定及其实施有关的相关问题。强调薪酬是保障公民福利和国家经济发展的关键要素。薪酬在经济制度和确保体面的生活水平中起着最重要的作用之一。工资反映了员工的福利水平,应与生产领域的资质水平和生产率相关,或根据非生产领域员工的既定资质标准、素质评估体系和工作效率来确定。低薪酬标准和工资与生产率之间的低相关性影响了劳动力的积极性,减少了其经济和劳动活动。对最低工资和最低生活水平作为界定国家经济社会政策地位和方向的范畴进行了分析。最低工资对许多社会和经济进程具有决定性的影响。财政经济工资直接影响到国家和地方预算支出部分的数量和结构,是编制预算机关和组织工资的基本要素之一。对于企业结构而言,最低工资是反映国家经济和社会政策的指标,是影响企业当前经营活动、生产和财务战略制定的一个范畴。
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引用次数: 0
Interaction of Arts in Diplomatic Ceremonials of the USSR (Early 20s – mid 80s XX Century) 苏联外交仪式中的艺术互动(20世纪20年代初至80年代中期)
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020107
Zakharova Yuryevna
: Th e relevance of the study is determined both by the insuffi cient study of the diplomatic ceremonials of the USSR, and the fact that knowledge of the laws of their functioning expands our ideas about the cultural component of the life of Soviet society. Taking into account the absence in Russian historiography of a special study devoted to the problem of the interaction of arts at diplomatic ceremonies, the author set the goal to conduct a comprehensive research of the problem of the interaction of arts in diplomatic ceremonials. Th e article considers the stay of the Diplomatic Corps in Moscow from the point of view of the infl uence of foreign policy priorities on the norms of the diplomatic protocol. Examples of balls, sports, receptions, organized by the embassies of Germany and Italy, which in the 20–30s played a leading role in the life of the Diplomatic Corps, are given. Th e content of concert programs of offi cial foreign visits, which contributed to the creation of a positive image of the country on the world stage, is analyzed. the diplomatic a – Dress code, concert programs, a list of dishes served – everything had to meet the standards of Bolshevik ideology. Hospitality is an important component of national politics. Th e Protocol Division, through its work, tried to destroy stereotypes about the USSR as an evil empire. Th e multinational Soviet culture contributed to the creation of a positive image of the state on the world stage.
这项研究的相关性取决于对苏联外交仪式研究的不足,以及对其运作规律的了解扩展了我们对苏联社会生活文化组成部分的看法。考虑到俄罗斯史学中缺乏专门研究外交仪式中艺术互动问题的专门研究,作者设定了对外交仪式中艺术互动问题进行全面研究的目标。本文从外交政策优先事项对外交礼仪规范的影响的角度来考虑外交使团在莫斯科的停留。在20世纪30年代,德国和意大利大使馆在外交使团的生活中发挥了主导作用。分析了为在世界舞台上树立积极形象做出贡献的公务出访音乐会节目的内容。外交——着装规范、音乐会节目、菜肴清单——一切都必须符合布尔什维克意识形态的标准。好客是国家政治的重要组成部分。礼宾司通过其工作,试图打破苏联是一个邪恶帝国的刻板印象。多民族的苏联文化有助于在世界舞台上塑造国家的积极形象。
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引用次数: 0
Report on the Third Interdisciplinary Meeting of Chairs and Institutes of Security In Szczecin on 25–26 September 2019 2019年9月25日至26日在什切青举行的第三届主席和安全研究所跨学科会议报告
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.15804/rop2020112
Aleksandra Raba-Schulze
On 25–26 September 2019 the Th ird Interdisciplinary Meeting of Chairs and Institutes of Security took place. The event’s organizers were the Institute of Political and European Studies of the University of Szczecin, the Institute of the European Strategy and Security, the Research Group on Security of Local Communities, with cooperation from the Faculty of Political Science and Security Studies of the Nicolas Copernicus University in Toruń, and the Department of Security and Protection of Classifi ed Information of the Marshall’s Offi ce of the West Pomerania Voivodship, the Department of Security and Crisis Management of the West Pomerania Voivodship Offi ce. Patronage over the meeting: His Magnifi cence Vice-Chancellor of the University of Szczecin prof. dr hab. Edward Włodarczyk, Marshall of the West Pomerania Voivodship Olgierd Geblewicz, President of the City of Szczecin Piotr Krzystek, West Pomerania Voivodship’s Governor Tomasz Hinc, Commander of the Multinational Corps Northeast Lieutenant General dr Sławomir Wojciechowski, Voivodship Police Commissioner in Szczecin Chief Superintendent Jacek Cegieła. It is worth noting that the discussed Meeting was a continuation of the previously established cooperation of Chairs and Institutes of Security and their academic employees who investigate security issues. Th e main subject of the Meeting was the problem of implementing the Act Law on higher education and science, including an analysis of consequences and challenges of new regulations, as well as an exchange of thought and knowledge on key security categories. Th e discussed September Meeting was attended by the total of 30 delegates representing renown and leading academic and research centres in Poland. Th e Meeting’s Proceedings were held at Hotel Vulcan and the Waste Disposal Facility in Szczecin. Th is formula and place of the meeting created
2019年9月25日至26日,第三届主席和安全研究所跨学科会议举行。这次活动的组织者是什切青大学政治和欧洲研究所、欧洲战略和安全研究所、地方社区安全研究小组,并得到托卢奇尼古拉斯·哥白尼大学政治科学和安全研究学院以及西波美拉尼亚省马歇尔办公室安全和机密资料保护司的合作。西波美拉尼亚省政府安全和危机管理部。会议资助者:捷克大学副校长哈布博士教授阁下。爱德华Włodarczyk,西波美拉尼亚省元帅Olgierd Geblewicz,什切青市市长Piotr Krzystek,西波美拉尼亚省省长Tomasz Hinc,多国军团东北指挥官Sławomir Wojciechowski中将,什切青省警察局长Jacek Cegieła。值得注意的是,所讨论的会议是先前建立的主席和安全研究所及其研究安全问题的学术雇员之间合作的延续。会议的主要议题是执行《高等教育和科学法》的问题,包括分析新条例的后果和挑战,以及交流关于关键安全类别的思想和知识。参加9月会议的共有30名代表,他们代表了波兰著名和领先的学术和研究中心。会议记录在瓦肯酒店和什切青的废物处理设施举行。创建了会议的公式和地点
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引用次数: 0
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Reality of Politics
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