Pub Date : 2025-06-29DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107992
R. Talei, S.M. Masoudpanah, M. Hasheminiasari, H. Nasrinpour
Na3V2(PO4)3/C powders were prepared using a solution technique with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in various solvents, including ethanol, methanol, and glycerol. The impact of the solvent choice on the structural, microstructural, and electrochemical properties was elucidated by X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. Single-phase Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) powders were achieved by calcining at 850 °C for 6 h, irrespective of the solvent type. Decomposition of the CTAB agent resulted in a carbon layer over the nearly spherical NVP particles. The methanol solvent revealed a finer particle size, leading to superior electrochemical performance, such as a capacity retention of 82 % after 50 cycles at a 1C current rate and a rate capability of 71.63 % when increasing the current rate from 0.1C to 1C. The superior quality carbon layer on the NVP particles, achieved by the methanol solvent, played a key role in the enhanced electrochemical performance.
{"title":"Effect of solvent type on solution synthesis of Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material for Na storage","authors":"R. Talei, S.M. Masoudpanah, M. Hasheminiasari, H. Nasrinpour","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>/C powders were prepared using a solution technique with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in various solvents, including ethanol, methanol, and glycerol. The impact of the solvent choice on the structural, microstructural, and electrochemical properties was elucidated by X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. Single-phase Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (NVP) powders were achieved by calcining at 850 °C for 6 h, irrespective of the solvent type. Decomposition of the CTAB agent resulted in a carbon layer over the nearly spherical NVP particles. The methanol solvent revealed a finer particle size, leading to superior electrochemical performance, such as a capacity retention of 82 % after 50 cycles at a 1C current rate and a rate capability of 71.63 % when increasing the current rate from 0.1C to 1C. The superior quality carbon layer on the NVP particles, achieved by the methanol solvent, played a key role in the enhanced electrochemical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107992"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-28DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107991
Jonas Mart Linge , Xiang Lyu , Heiki Erikson , Lynda Amichi , David A. Cullen , Kaido Tammeveski , Alexey Serov
Quick and easy Ag catalysts preparation via wet chemical synthesis method using only reducing agent (pure-Ag); reducing agent and citric acid as the capping agent (Ag-CA); and carbon support (KetjenBlack 600J), capping agent, and the reducing agent (Ag/C) is demonstrated. The Ag-based electrocatalysts are characterized by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrocatalytic activity of Ag catalysts for O2 reduction reaction (ORR) in 1 M KOH is evaluated using the rotating (ring)-disc electrode method. SEM and HAADF-STEM results show that the unsupported pure-Ag and Ag-CA catalysts consist mainly of big agglomerates, and Ag/C has the smallest agglomerates and some sub-3 nm Ag nanoparticles. The XPS results reveal that Ag in all the catalysts is in the metallic form (Ag0). Despite consisting of big agglomerates, the Ag-CA catalyst exhibits similar ORR electrocatalytic activity to that of Ag/C. Ag-CA (unsupported) shows the lowest hydrogen peroxide yield. These results are of great importance for the development of Ag-based catalysts that can be prepared in a fast, simple and easily up scalable fashion, for anion exchange membrane fuel cells.
仅使用还原剂（纯银），湿法化学合成快速简便制备银催化剂还原剂和柠檬酸作为封盖剂（Ag-CA）；碳载体（KetjenBlack 600J）、封盖剂和还原剂（Ag/C）进行了论证。采用高角环形暗场扫描透射电子显微镜（HAADF-STEM）、能量色散x射线能谱（EDS）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）对银基电催化剂进行了表征。采用旋转（环）盘电极法评价了银催化剂在1 M KOH中O2还原反应（ORR）的电催化活性。SEM和HAADF-STEM结果表明，无负载的纯Ag和Ag- ca催化剂主要由大团聚体组成，Ag/C催化剂的团聚体最小，并含有一些亚3 nm的Ag纳米颗粒。XPS结果表明，所有催化剂中的Ag均以金属形式存在（Ag0）。Ag- ca催化剂虽然由大团块组成，但其ORR电催化活性与Ag/C相似。Ag-CA（无负载）的过氧化氢产率最低。这些结果对于开发快速、简单且易于扩展的银基燃料电池催化剂具有重要意义。
{"title":"Unsupported and carbon-supported silver catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media","authors":"Jonas Mart Linge , Xiang Lyu , Heiki Erikson , Lynda Amichi , David A. Cullen , Kaido Tammeveski , Alexey Serov","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quick and easy Ag catalysts preparation via wet chemical synthesis method using only reducing agent (pure-Ag); reducing agent and citric acid as the capping agent (Ag-CA); and carbon support (KetjenBlack 600J), capping agent, and the reducing agent (Ag/C) is demonstrated. The Ag-based electrocatalysts are characterized by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrocatalytic activity of Ag catalysts for O<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (ORR) in 1 M KOH is evaluated using the rotating (ring)-disc electrode method. SEM and HAADF-STEM results show that the unsupported pure-Ag and Ag-CA catalysts consist mainly of big agglomerates, and Ag/C has the smallest agglomerates and some sub-3 nm Ag nanoparticles. The XPS results reveal that Ag in all the catalysts is in the metallic form (Ag<sup>0</sup>). Despite consisting of big agglomerates, the Ag-CA catalyst exhibits similar ORR electrocatalytic activity to that of Ag/C. Ag-CA (unsupported) shows the lowest hydrogen peroxide yield. These results are of great importance for the development of Ag-based catalysts that can be prepared in a fast, simple and easily up scalable fashion, for anion exchange membrane fuel cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107991"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-28DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107990
Zifan Wang, Wensi Li, Tianzhen Wang, Mingyuan Pang, Zhen Kong, Juan An, Zhen Li, Jiajia Ye, Guang Xia
Nanoporous ZnGa2O4 was synthesised as a separator modifier for lithium‑sulfur batteries via a one-step sol-gel process followed by high-temperature calcination. The modified separator could effectively adsorb and catalyse lithium polysulphides, thus inhibiting the shuttle effect and improving their redox kinetics. The three-dimensional porous structure of ZnGa2O4 with high surface area that can effectively relieve the volume expansion of S8 during cycling process and provide transport channels for both electrons and Li+ ion. Consequently, the battery with the ZnGa2O4 interlayer exhibited excellent reversibility and stability, with a reversible capacity of 723.4 mAh·g−1 after 300 cycles at 1C. Furthermore, LiS cells with modified separators demonstrated enhanced rate capability (704.3 mAh g−1 at 5C) compared with commercial separators.
采用溶胶-凝胶-高温煅烧一步法制备了纳米多孔ZnGa2O4作为锂硫电池的隔膜改性剂。改性后的隔膜能有效吸附和催化多硫化物锂，从而抑制了穿梭效应，提高了多硫化物锂的氧化还原动力学。ZnGa2O4具有高表面积的三维多孔结构，可以有效缓解S8在循环过程中的体积膨胀，同时为电子和Li+离子提供输运通道。因此，ZnGa2O4夹层电池表现出优异的可逆性和稳定性，在1C下循环300次后，电池的可逆容量为723.4 mAh·g−1。此外，与商用隔膜相比，使用改性隔膜的锂离子电池表现出更高的倍率能力（5C时为704.3 mAh g−1）。
{"title":"Nanoporous ZnGa2O4-modified separator as a multifunctional polysulphide barrier for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries","authors":"Zifan Wang, Wensi Li, Tianzhen Wang, Mingyuan Pang, Zhen Kong, Juan An, Zhen Li, Jiajia Ye, Guang Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoporous ZnGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was synthesised as a separator modifier for lithium‑sulfur batteries via a one-step sol-gel process followed by high-temperature calcination. The modified separator could effectively adsorb and catalyse lithium polysulphides, thus inhibiting the shuttle effect and improving their redox kinetics. The three-dimensional porous structure of ZnGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> with high surface area that can effectively relieve the volume expansion of S<sub>8</sub> during cycling process and provide transport channels for both electrons and Li<sup>+</sup> ion. Consequently, the battery with the ZnGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> interlayer exhibited excellent reversibility and stability, with a reversible capacity of 723.4 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup> after 300 cycles at 1C. Furthermore, Li<img>S cells with modified separators demonstrated enhanced rate capability (704.3 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 5C) compared with commercial separators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multi-walled carbon nanotube porous networks offer excellent capacitance and stable electrochemical response in 3D printed symmetric supercapacitors made by fused deposition modelling of conductive thermoset polylactic acid (PLA) current collectors. These electrodes show a stable voltammetric and galvanostatic response with an aqueous KOH electrolyte, without any pretreatment of the graphite-impregnated printed PLA. The printed supercapacitors showed capacitance values of ∼80 F g−1 with a retention of >96 %.
多壁碳纳米管多孔网络在3D打印对称超级电容器中提供了优异的电容和稳定的电化学响应，该超级电容器是由导电热固性聚乳酸（PLA）集流器熔融沉积建模制成的。这些电极在KOH水溶液中表现出稳定的伏安和恒流响应，而无需对石墨浸渍印刷PLA进行任何预处理。打印的超级电容器显示电容值为~ 80 F g−1，保留率为>； 96%。
{"title":"Porous carbon nanotube electrodes in 3D printed symmetric supercapacitors with stable electrochemical response","authors":"Siobhán Breen , Vijaykumar Jadhav , Colm Glynn , Colm O'Dwyer","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-walled carbon nanotube porous networks offer excellent capacitance and stable electrochemical response in 3D printed symmetric supercapacitors made by fused deposition modelling of conductive thermoset polylactic acid (PLA) current collectors. These electrodes show a stable voltammetric and galvanostatic response with an aqueous KOH electrolyte, without any pretreatment of the graphite-impregnated printed PLA. The printed supercapacitors showed capacitance values of ∼80 F g<sup>−1</sup> with a retention of >96 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-27DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107989
Ruiyuan Zhuang , Jianhong Yang , Jian-chun Wu
Rechargeable aluminum ion batteries (AIBs) hold promises as the next generation of electrochemical energy storage systems, characterized by low cost, high specific energy, and enhanced safety. One of the primary obstacles hindering the development of AIBs is the scarcity of suitable cathode materials. Here, a novel cobalt sulfide@carbon nanofibers (Co9S8@CNFs) composite material was synthesized through electrostatic spinning, heat treatment, and sulfurization processes. The composite material consists of Co9S8 nanoparticles uniformly anchored on interconnected CNFs to form a three-dimensional (3D) porous network structure, which is conducive to the penetration of electrolyte. Structural and morphological analysis confirmed the high crystallinity of Co9S8 and its uniform distribution on CNFs. The in-situ growth of Co9S8 nanoparticles on the surface of CNFs helps shorten the migration path of electrons and effectively solves the problem of peeling off from the CNFs substrate during charging and discharging process. As a self-supporting cathode for AIBs, the electrode exhibits good cycle life. Electrochemical evaluation demonstrated a reversible discharge capacity of ∼60 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 with stable cycling performance over 400 cycles. The composite cathode exhibited small charge transfer resistance and improved ion diffusion kinetics, attributed to the conductive CNFs network and 3D porous structure. First-principles calculations further elucidate the energy storage mechanism, revealing that Al3+ preferentially replaces Co atoms in the Co9S8 lattice during cycling, with a formation energy of 0.92 eV. This work emphasizes the synergistic effect of Co9S8@CNFs integration in alleviating rapid capacity degradation and enhancing structural stability, providing a promising strategy for designing high-performance AIB cathodes.
可充电铝离子电池（AIBs）具有成本低、比能高、安全性强等特点，有望成为新一代电化学储能系统。阻碍阴极材料发展的主要障碍之一是缺乏合适的阴极材料。本文通过静电纺丝、热处理和硫化工艺合成了一种新型钴sulfide@carbon纳米纤维（Co9S8@CNFs）复合材料。复合材料由Co9S8纳米颗粒均匀锚定在相互连接的CNFs上，形成三维（3D）多孔网络结构，有利于电解质的渗透。结构和形态分析证实了Co9S8的高结晶度及其在CNFs上的均匀分布。Co9S8纳米颗粒在CNFs表面原位生长，缩短了电子的迁移路径，有效地解决了CNFs衬底在充放电过程中脱落的问题。作为aib的自支撑阴极，该电极具有良好的循环寿命。电化学评价表明，在100 mA g - 1下，可逆放电容量为~ 60 mAh g - 1，循环性能稳定，超过400次循环。复合阴极由于具有导电性的CNFs网络和三维多孔结构，具有较小的电荷转移阻力和更好的离子扩散动力学。第一性原理计算进一步阐明了能量储存机制，揭示了Al3+在循环过程中优先取代Co9S8晶格中的Co原子，形成能为0.92 eV。这项工作强调了Co9S8@CNFs集成在缓解快速容量退化和增强结构稳定性方面的协同效应，为设计高性能AIB阴极提供了一种有前途的策略。
{"title":"Co9S8@CNFs cathode enables stable aluminum storage with 3D synergy and co-dominated mechanism","authors":"Ruiyuan Zhuang , Jianhong Yang , Jian-chun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rechargeable aluminum ion batteries (AIBs) hold promises as the next generation of electrochemical energy storage systems, characterized by low cost, high specific energy, and enhanced safety. One of the primary obstacles hindering the development of AIBs is the scarcity of suitable cathode materials. Here, a novel cobalt sulfide@carbon nanofibers (Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub>@CNFs) composite material was synthesized through electrostatic spinning, heat treatment, and sulfurization processes. The composite material consists of Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub> nanoparticles uniformly anchored on interconnected CNFs to form a three-dimensional (3D) porous network structure, which is conducive to the penetration of electrolyte. Structural and morphological analysis confirmed the high crystallinity of Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub> and its uniform distribution on CNFs. The in-situ growth of Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub> nanoparticles on the surface of CNFs helps shorten the migration path of electrons and effectively solves the problem of peeling off from the CNFs substrate during charging and discharging process. As a self-supporting cathode for AIBs, the electrode exhibits good cycle life. Electrochemical evaluation demonstrated a reversible discharge capacity of ∼60 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 100 mA g<sup>−1</sup> with stable cycling performance over 400 cycles. The composite cathode exhibited small charge transfer resistance and improved ion diffusion kinetics, attributed to the conductive CNFs network and 3D porous structure. First-principles calculations further elucidate the energy storage mechanism, revealing that Al<sup>3+</sup> preferentially replaces Co atoms in the Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub> lattice during cycling, with a formation energy of 0.92 eV. This work emphasizes the synergistic effect of Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub>@CNFs integration in alleviating rapid capacity degradation and enhancing structural stability, providing a promising strategy for designing high-performance AIB cathodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107989"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maximizing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains challenging due to its nonlinear kinetics and complex charge interactions within the electric double layer (EDL). This study introduces an adaptive current density control approach using a Markov Decision Process (MDP) to enhance HER performance in alkaline water electrolysis. The MDP algorithm dynamically adjusts current release timings from three capacitors connected to the cathode based on feedback from hydrogen concentration levels. Results show that this fluctuating control strategy is more effective than static or linearly increasing methods, as it helps minimize overpotential, reduce heat buildup, and prevent hydrogen bubble accumulation. The MDP-optimized system achieved 7460 ppm in 60 min, outperforms the control condition (5802 ppm) produced under uncontrolled conditions. This work highlights a novel application of reinforcement learning to actively regulate electrochemical parameters, offering a promising mechanism for improving electrolyzer efficiency.
{"title":"Markov decision process for current density optimization to improve hydrogen production by water electrolysis","authors":"Purnami Purnami , Willy Satrio Nugroho , Wresti L. Anggayasti , Yepy Komaril Sofi'i , I.N.G. Wardana","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maximizing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains challenging due to its nonlinear kinetics and complex charge interactions within the electric double layer (EDL). This study introduces an adaptive current density control approach using a Markov Decision Process (MDP) to enhance HER performance in alkaline water electrolysis. The MDP algorithm dynamically adjusts current release timings from three capacitors connected to the cathode based on feedback from hydrogen concentration levels. Results show that this fluctuating control strategy is more effective than static or linearly increasing methods, as it helps minimize overpotential, reduce heat buildup, and prevent hydrogen bubble accumulation. The MDP-optimized system achieved 7460 ppm in 60 min, outperforms the control condition (5802 ppm) produced under uncontrolled conditions. This work highlights a novel application of reinforcement learning to actively regulate electrochemical parameters, offering a promising mechanism for improving electrolyzer efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107986
Wulan Khaerani , Irkham , Uji Pratomo , Adisyahputra , Yasuaki Einaga , Yeni Wahyuni Hartati
Ethanol is a type of alcohol often found in beverages, medicines, and fermented products, so an acceptable ethanol detection method is needed. An accurate ethanol detection method is the chromatography method, but its weaknesses are high operational costs and non-portability. Therefore, in this study, an electrochemical analysis technique was developed that can overcome this problem combined with the development of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for ethanol. MIPs were synthesized using ethanol as a template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a monomer, divinylbenzene (DVB) as a crosslinker, and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator by cooling and heating with cooling at −5 °C for 1 h, and heating at 80 °C for 7 h. The results of the MIPs synthesis were suspended in distilled water and dropped on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for electrochemical sensor applications. Previously, SPCE was modified platinum (Pt) by electrodeposition with optimum parameters at a potential of −0.3 V, electrodeposition time of 300 s, and Pt concentration of 0.15 mM. Testing of MIPs-based ethanol sensors electrochemically resulted in detection limits and quantification limits of 0.16 % and 0.28 % for a linear range of 0.5–10 % ethanol, with the precision represented by repeatability and recovery of 3.39 % and 94.94 %, respectively. The SPCE/Pt/MIPs electrochemical sensor can be used in ethanol detection for various analytical purposes.
{"title":"Platinum-modified screen-printed carbon electrode integrated with molecularly imprinted polymer for highly selective electrochemical ethanol sensing","authors":"Wulan Khaerani , Irkham , Uji Pratomo , Adisyahputra , Yasuaki Einaga , Yeni Wahyuni Hartati","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethanol is a type of alcohol often found in beverages, medicines, and fermented products, so an acceptable ethanol detection method is needed. An accurate ethanol detection method is the chromatography method, but its weaknesses are high operational costs and non-portability. Therefore, in this study, an electrochemical analysis technique was developed that can overcome this problem combined with the development of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for ethanol. MIPs were synthesized using ethanol as a template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a monomer, divinylbenzene (DVB) as a crosslinker, and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator by cooling and heating with cooling at −5 °C for 1 h, and heating at 80 °C for 7 h. The results of the MIPs synthesis were suspended in distilled water and dropped on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for electrochemical sensor applications. Previously, SPCE was modified platinum (Pt) by electrodeposition with optimum parameters at a potential of −0.3 V, electrodeposition time of 300 s, and Pt concentration of 0.15 mM. Testing of MIPs-based ethanol sensors electrochemically resulted in detection limits and quantification limits of 0.16 % and 0.28 % for a linear range of 0.5–10 % ethanol, with the precision represented by repeatability and recovery of 3.39 % and 94.94 %, respectively. The SPCE/Pt/MIPs electrochemical sensor can be used in ethanol detection for various analytical purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107985
Ryan Brow, Chaiwat Engtrakul, Kae Fink, Nicholas McKalip, Maxwell Schulze, Andrew Colclasure
The manufacture of battery cathode materials is the most energy-intensive step in the production of commercial lithium-ion batteries; specifically, the synthesis of the widely used transition metal oxide cathodes can require tens of hours at temperatures exceeding 700 °C. Attempts to limit the reaction time and energy required to form crystalline cathode materials often still include a heating or calcination step. This communication aims to highlight a nascent yet novel synthesis route: a one-step atmospheric microplasma process for synthesizing cathode particles in less than one second. The hollow-tube reactor employed produces crystalline particles measuring 0.1–3 μm in diameter, displays narrow XRD peaks corresponding to the 003, 104, and 101 planes, and exhibits anodic redox behavior at 3.75 V vs. lithium—characteristic of transition-metal oxide cathode materials—all without requiring an additional calcination step.
电池正极材料的制造是商用锂离子电池生产中最耗能的一步；具体来说，广泛使用的过渡金属氧化物阴极的合成可能需要在超过700℃的温度下数十小时。试图限制形成结晶阴极材料所需的反应时间和能量，通常仍然包括加热或煅烧步骤。本通讯旨在强调一种新兴但新颖的合成路线：一步大气微等离子体工艺在不到一秒的时间内合成阴极颗粒。所采用的空心管反应器产生直径0.1-3 μm的晶体颗粒，显示对应于003,104和101平面的窄XRD峰，并且在3.75 V vs锂下表现出过渡金属氧化物正极材料的阳极氧化还原行为-所有这些都不需要额外的煅烧步骤。
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Pub Date : 2025-06-22DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107984
Ulya Saffanah , Winona Avis , Hendri Widiyandari , Arif Jumari , Agus Purwanto
The battery can be charged to 80 % of its state of charge (SOC) within 15 min, which is a significant factor contributing to the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) due to the alleviation of range anxiety. However, the realization of fast charging batteries is hindered by intricate challenges, including lithium-ion diffusion, lithium plating over the anode, charging protocols, and economic considerations. Graphene, renowned for its exceptional conductivity and facilitating lithium transport, emerges as a promising candidate for incorporation into fast-charging batteries. Cost-effectiveness is a key consideration, and alternative low-cost methods for graphene production are essential for the advancement of fast charging battery development. Flash joule heating emerges as a cost-effective approach to convert amorphous hard carbon into flash graphene (FG) as confirms by Raman characterization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization reveals that FG exhibits a multilayer structure and a turbostratic pattern with a substantial surface area. Subsequently, FG is incorporated into the NMC811 cathode to fabricate a fast-charging lithium-ion battery. The FG-NMC battery demonstrates an initial specific capacity of 173.2 mAh.g−1. The extreme fast charging (XFC) testing procedure (CC-CV protocol at 5C) results in a charging time of 13 min stores 117.6 mAh.g−1 (SOC of 80.1 %), meeting the criteria for a fast-charging battery. The capacity retention after 150 cycles under extreme charging (5C) and discharging (5C) is 87.4 % demonstrates that FG possesses the potential to be a cost-effective additive for energy-dense fast charging batteries suitable for electric vehicle applications.
{"title":"Extreme fast charging of Lithium-ion batteries using flash graphene additive","authors":"Ulya Saffanah , Winona Avis , Hendri Widiyandari , Arif Jumari , Agus Purwanto","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The battery can be charged to 80 % of its state of charge (SOC) within 15 min, which is a significant factor contributing to the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) due to the alleviation of range anxiety. However, the realization of fast charging batteries is hindered by intricate challenges, including lithium-ion diffusion, lithium plating over the anode, charging protocols, and economic considerations. Graphene, renowned for its exceptional conductivity and facilitating lithium transport, emerges as a promising candidate for incorporation into fast-charging batteries. Cost-effectiveness is a key consideration, and alternative low-cost methods for graphene production are essential for the advancement of fast charging battery development. Flash joule heating emerges as a cost-effective approach to convert amorphous hard carbon into flash graphene (FG) as confirms by Raman characterization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization reveals that FG exhibits a multilayer structure and a turbostratic pattern with a substantial surface area. Subsequently, FG is incorporated into the NMC811 cathode to fabricate a fast-charging lithium-ion battery. The FG-NMC battery demonstrates an initial specific capacity of 173.2 mAh.g<sup>−1</sup>. The extreme fast charging (XFC) testing procedure (CC-CV protocol at 5C) results in a charging time of 13 min stores 117.6 mAh.g<sup>−1</sup> (SOC of 80.1 %), meeting the criteria for a fast-charging battery. The capacity retention after 150 cycles under extreme charging (5C) and discharging (5C) is 87.4 % demonstrates that FG possesses the potential to be a cost-effective additive for energy-dense fast charging batteries suitable for electric vehicle applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-21DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107983
Ashleigh K. Wilson, Chantel Johnson, Jaycie Jenkins, Asia Jones, Natalia Noginova
Plasmonic environment and light illumination can have significant impacts on electrochemical reactions. We explore the possibility to control electrochemical deposition of polyaniline films on gold substrates with light and study factors affecting film growth. The analysis of light-induced patterns in films exposed to laser light at different intensities and wavelengths reveals that the growth rate increases the light intensity at small intensities and then saturates with the further increase in laser light intensity. The wavelength of illumination does not significantly affect the results. The findings provide opportunities in fabrication of plasmonic structures with specific patterns of electrochromic polymer, which can operate as electrically tunable metasurfaces and plasmonic systems.
{"title":"Electrochemical growth of polyaniline films controlled with light","authors":"Ashleigh K. Wilson, Chantel Johnson, Jaycie Jenkins, Asia Jones, Natalia Noginova","doi":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.elecom.2025.107983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasmonic environment and light illumination can have significant impacts on electrochemical reactions. We explore the possibility to control electrochemical deposition of polyaniline films on gold substrates with light and study factors affecting film growth. The analysis of light-induced patterns in films exposed to laser light at different intensities and wavelengths reveals that the growth rate increases the light intensity at small intensities and then saturates with the further increase in laser light intensity. The wavelength of illumination does not significantly affect the results. The findings provide opportunities in fabrication of plasmonic structures with specific patterns of electrochromic polymer, which can operate as electrically tunable metasurfaces and plasmonic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":304,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry Communications","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 107983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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