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Didattica generale e valutazione espansa: aspetti epistemologici e metodologici 一般教育学和广泛评价:认识论和方法方面
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/STUDI_FORMAZ-22190
Giuliano Franceschini
The article describes three approaches to scholastic evaluation: docimological, formative and organizational. The aim is to link the various forms of evaluation to the curriculum building from the point of view of general teaching, with particular attention to the methodological and epistemological aspects.
本文介绍了三种学术评价方法:理论评价、形成评价和组织评价。其目的是从一般教学的角度将各种形式的评价与课程建设联系起来,特别注意方法和认识论方面。
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引用次数: 1
Quale scuola per il XXI secolo? Un’identità possibile 21世纪的学校是什么?可能身份
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/STUDI_FORMAZ-22166
F. Cambi
Which kind of school can and must work for the social and cultural transfor-mations in effect? School should be democratic, open, critical and educational. This school has some challenges and tasks that should be re achieve: the knowledge more sophisticated, formae mentis more plural and dialectical, the self-care more important for every subjects.
什么样的学校能够而且必须为实际的社会和文化转型做出贡献?学校应该是民主的、开放的、批判的和教育的。这所学校有一些挑战和任务需要重新实现:知识更加复杂,形式更加多元和辩证,自我照顾更加重要的每一个学科。
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引用次数: 0
Il giro di vite. Essere al bivio di fronte ai doni del tempo e della storia 镇压。站在时间和历史的十字路口
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/STUDI_FORMAZ-20936
M. Fabbri
The article the theme of gift in a complex and globalized society: the author deals with the logic of reciprocity and conviviality, by in political and democratic point of view.
本文以复杂的全球化社会中的礼物为主题,从政治和民主的角度探讨了互惠与欢乐的逻辑。
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引用次数: 0
Riflessioni sul curricolo a partire da Dewey. Qualche nota educativa 从杜威开始对课程的思考。一些教育笔记
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/Studi_Formaz-22188
F. Finazzi
In his pedagogical reflections, Dewey paid considerable attention to the curricu-lum as a means for the schools to accomplish progressive education. On several occasions he dealt with this subject in his writings, especially to compare tradi-tional education to the educational model, with all its features, which he upheld. His directions have not always been correctly grasped for various reasons. This paper intends to clarify his message on these issues, first of all presenting some of the principles about school maintained by him, secondly focusing on the prob-lems that a curriculum involves in his opinion and eventually putting forward a possible interpretative solution of some implicit meanings of Dewey’s message.
在杜威的教学反思中,他非常重视课程作为学校实现进步教育的手段。在他的著作中,他多次谈到这个问题,特别是将传统教育与他所主张的教育模式进行比较。由于种种原因,他的指示并不总是被正确地领会。本文旨在阐明杜威在这些问题上的观点,首先介绍他所坚持的一些关于学校的原则,其次重点关注他认为课程所涉及的问题,最后对杜威观点中一些隐含的含义提出一种可能的解释性解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Le “due culture” dell’infanzia oggi: una sfida aperta 今天儿童的“两种文化”:一个公开的挑战
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/STUDI_FORMAZ-20958
F. Cambi
Le indagini di storia dell’infanzia, ormai diffuse in tutto il mondo e nutrite di paradigmi anche tra loro assai diversi, ci hanno indicata la sua “scoperta” e la sua evoluzione e teorica e sociale, fissando proprio nella metà dell’Ottocento l’avvio definitivo di una nuova storia dell’infanzia: storia di riconoscimento di specificità e di diritti, di cure e di tutele, di conoscenza più fine di quel “pianeta” fino ad allora poco compreso e in modo non scientifico. Sono stati diversi saperi a operare tale cambiamento a far emergere una nuova sensibilità politico-sociale. La medicina igienistica, la psicologia dell’età evolutiva, la psichiatria infantile e poi la biologia, la pedagogia, l’antropologia hanno rinnovato radicalmente la conoscenza del bambino. Il socialismo, i movimenti progressisti, i partiti più impegnati a ridurre e cancellare ingiustizie e alienazioni nella società hanno operato nel sociale e nel politico. Gli effetti sono stati netti. È nata una visione dell’infanzia regolata da principi di tutela e di cura appunto, che è cresciuta, si è imposta e che oggi abbiamo di fronte come compito e come guida. Contemporaneamente però è rimasta attiva nel mondo anche un’altra immagine d’infanzia: sfruttata e in vari modi. Presente proprio nelle società più tradizionali dove è sottoposta al lavoro, violentata e privata di cure e di diritti. Ed è un’infanzia ancora assai diffusa. Un po’ in tutto il mondo. Un’infanzia “alienata” fu detto e a ragione. Oggi nel tempo della Globalizzazione queste due infanzie si fronteggiano, stanno faccia a faccia e siamo coinvolti tutti nella loro sfida, da orientare verso i diritti e contro ogni violenza. Anche se ben sappiamo che tale sfida sarà operativamente lunga e difficile. Ma proprio per questo da potenziare e progettare in modo esplicito e fermo. Con forte impegno, ben sapendo che tra Cure-e-Diritti da un lato e Alienazione-e-Violenza dall’altro non c’è né deve esserci scelta: c’è un obbligo di civiltà. Oggi, domani, sempre.
历史调查的儿童,在世界各地已经普遍模式截然不同的他们,我们之间也有注明其“发现”和理论和社会发展,并在19世纪中期开始的最后一项新的儿童故事:历史的特殊性和权利得到承认、护理和保护,更细的知识迄今为止这个“星球”的不理解和不科学的方式。在这一变化中,不同的专业知识产生了一种新的政治和社会意识。卫生医学、进化年龄心理学、儿童精神病学,以及后来的生物学、教育学和人类学,从根本上恢复了对儿童的认识。社会主义、进步运动和致力于减少和消除社会不公正和疏离感的政党在社会和政治领域进行了工作。效果很明显。我们有一种儿童的观念,它受到保护和照顾的原则的指导,这种观念已经发展和确立,我们今天面临着一项任务和一项指导。然而,与此同时,另一个童年的形象仍然活跃在世界各地:以各种方式被利用。在更传统的社会中,她在那里工作,被强奸,得不到照顾和权利。这仍然是一个非常普遍的童年。全世界都有。“疏远”的童年被正确地描述了。今天,在全球化时代,这两个童年正面临着面对面的挑战,我们都参与了他们的挑战,他们的挑战是争取权利和反对一切暴力。虽然我们知道这将是一个长期和困难的操作挑战。但正是因为这个原因,我们必须以明确和坚定的方式加强和设计。通过坚定的承诺,我们知道,一方面存在着权利和另一方面存在着异化和暴力,没有选择,也不应该有选择:文明是有义务的。今天,明天,永远。
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引用次数: 0
Alice, incorreggibilmente contro fattuale 爱丽丝,无可救药地反对事实
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/Studi_Formaz-22169
S. Calabrese
The hypothesis formulated by Simon Baron-Cohen and his collaborators on the onset of autistic syndromes and their link with an excess of the so-called S brain is reflected in the  work of Lewis Carroll, a formal logic and mathematics profes-sor deeply inclined to visual and spatial descriptions, interested in affordances and systemic circuits, and devoid of empathic  tendencies in creating his charac-ters. In the future, this finding may serve as a test for predicting autism spectrum disorders and support the elaboration of narrative artefact for therapeutic purpos-es in relation to people with autism.
西蒙·巴伦-科恩和他的合作者提出的关于自闭症的发病及其与所谓的S型大脑过剩之间的联系的假设,反映在刘易斯·卡罗尔的作品中。刘易斯是一位形式逻辑和数学教授,他非常倾向于视觉和空间描述,对能力和系统回路感兴趣,在创造他的角色时缺乏同理心倾向。在未来,这一发现可以作为预测自闭症谱系障碍的测试,并支持对自闭症患者的治疗目的的叙述人工制品的阐述。
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引用次数: 0
Percorsi esistenziali e dinamiche educative nella senescenza. L’autobiografia come ermeneutica formativa 衰老的存在和教育动态之路。自传是一种教育形式
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/Studi_Formaz-22178
Francesco Bossio
Human formation is a pivotal category of pedagogical thought: the educational process - understood in a broad sense as both intentional educational actions and spontaneous existential events -  activates the dialectic of training in order to lead the subject to the conquest of a proper human dimension of existence. Each season of life has its own peculiarities and characteristics. The last age, the senes-cence, represents the end of the entire path, in which the elderly can complete with the last brushstrokes the symbolically canvas (perhaps a chef d’oeuvre) repre-senting the whole course of his existence.
人的形成是教育思想的一个关键范畴:教育过程——从广义上理解为有意的教育行动和自发的存在事件——激活了训练的辩证法,以引导主体征服一个适当的人的存在维度。生命的每个季节都有自己的特点和特点。最后的年龄,衰老,代表了整个道路的终点,在这里,老人可以用最后的几笔完成象征性的画布(也许是一幅开胃菜),代表他的整个生命历程。
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引用次数: 0
Verso una pedagogia olistica. Riflessioni preliminari 走向全面的教学方法。初步想法
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/STUDI_FORMAZ-20948
R. Mancini
Social and scientific evolution has led always more markedly to a significant metamorphosis of humanism. Not by chance the idea of humanitas - so dear to pedagogical literature and clearly of Christian imprint - has always detected and established absolute values on which to build individual and collective dignity and identities. In this sense, it seems necessary to establish new horizons, to build a humanism able to respect, at the same time, the Singularity. A new humanism where every human being has the right to expand its deterministic complexity, such as to make significant, and often necessary, its distinction. The holism is characterized as multifactorial knowledge, capable of not neglecting any human peculiarity, as it owns and promotes the unity in the multiplicity. A sort of Plotinian education but, however, careful not to become itself only a commemorative and celebratory figure.
社会和科学的进化总是更加明显地导致人文主义的重大变形。并非偶然的是,人文主义的理念——对教学文献来说如此珍贵,而且明显带有基督教的印记——总是能够发现并确立绝对的价值,并以此为基础建立个人和集体的尊严和身份。从这个意义上说,似乎有必要建立新的视野,同时建立一种能够尊重奇点的人文主义。一种新的人文主义,在这种人文主义中,每个人都有权扩展其确定性的复杂性,比如做出有意义的、往往是必要的区分。整体论的特点是多因素的知识,能够不忽视任何人类的特性,因为它拥有并促进了多样性中的统一。这是一种普罗提尼式的教育,但却小心翼翼地不把自己变成一个纪念和庆祝的人物。
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引用次数: 0
Intersoggettività e “prospettiva in seconda persona”: una nuova cornice sulle relazioni educative nei nidi d’infanzia “第二人称视角”:幼儿园教育关系的新框架
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/Studi_Formaz-20950
E. Mignosi
The article reflects on kindergartens’ specificity, focusing on the intersubjective perspective. By this perspective, the developement and the construction of the Self can’t be separated from the perception of the “other” and it is a process working, since birth, through an “embodied relationship”. According to the infant research and the neurosciences studies, the article analyzes the quality of the relationships between adults and children and explores  how it can affect personality development, self-image, and learning processes. Finally, the professional skills necessary for educators in kindergartens are deepened, looking at the needs of the children during their first years.
本文从主体间性的角度对幼儿园的特殊性进行了反思。从这个角度来看,自我的发展和建构离不开对“他者”的感知,它是一个从出生开始就通过“具身关系”运作的过程。根据婴儿研究和神经科学研究,本文分析了成人与儿童之间关系的质量,并探讨了它如何影响个性发展、自我形象和学习过程。最后,深化幼儿园教育工作者的专业技能,关注孩子在第一年的需求。
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引用次数: 1
Autobiografia e letteratura per ragazzi. Tre grandi autori si raccontano 儿童自传和文学。三个伟大的作家互相讲述
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13128/STUDI_FORMAZ-22182
Rossella Certini
The essay tells about the autobiography of three authors for childhood: Mark Twain, Rudyard Kipling e Roald Dahl. Autobiographies are not used here as edu-cational or “take care” tools ut they are used as tools to interpret the novel for children and teens. They bind author and reader, within the narrative link, crucial to understanding the contents of the stories. They are full of writer’s experiences, emotions, affections, fears, thieves, names, faces... These are elements that enrich the story and tell us something more about the author’s motivations. Autobiog-raphies make the works of the authors more appealing and interesting. An erratic autobiography, a read autobiography, and a cultured for boys (Boy). The essay offers diverse and diversified perspectives for crossing the most famous works of the three authors who, starting from their existential “adventures”, interweave the intense work of narrative and writing.
这篇文章讲述了三位童年作家的自传:马克·吐温、拉迪亚德·吉卜林和罗尔德·达尔。自传在这里并没有被用作教育或“照顾”的工具,而是被用作向儿童和青少年解释小说的工具。它们将作者和读者联系在一起,在叙事联系中,对于理解故事的内容至关重要。它们充满了作家的经历、情感、情感、恐惧、小偷、名字、面孔……这些元素丰富了故事,并告诉我们更多关于作者动机的信息。自传使作者的作品更吸引人、更有趣。一本飘忽不定的自传,一本读过的自传,一本为男孩培养的自传(男孩)。这篇文章提供了多样化和多样化的视角来跨越三位作者最著名的作品,他们从存在主义的“冒险”开始,将叙事和写作的紧张工作交织在一起。
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引用次数: 0
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Studi sulla Formazione
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