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MIM/TDR task force on malaria research capability strengthening in Africa. 加强非洲疟疾研究能力的MIM/TDR工作队。
Pub Date : 2002-03-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.30.33
K. Mendis, F. Zicker
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引用次数: 0
President's lecture 总统的演讲
Pub Date : 2002-03-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.30.32
M. Aikawa
The President’s Lecture is held at each World Congress of the ISHR and, in non-Congress years, at the annual meeting of one of the 3 largest ISHR Sections on a rotating basis. This lecture is intended to be a high profile event and is scheduled as a keynote plenary lecture. The International Council selects the speaker. The topic of the lecture is in the field of molecular biology, genetics, genomics or proteomics, but the content should be chosen to be of broad interest to the cardiovascular community. The speaker is reimbursed for travel expenses, and receives a plaque and a $1,000 honorarium. A photograph and biosketch of the speaker is published in Heart News and Views, and is posted in the ISHR website.
主席演讲在每届国际人权协会世界大会上举行,在非大会年,在国际人权协会三个最大分会之一的年度会议上轮流举行。本次讲座的目的是成为一个高知名度的事件,并被安排为主题全体演讲。演讲人由国际理事会选出。讲座的主题是在分子生物学,遗传学,基因组学或蛋白质组学领域,但内容应选择广泛感兴趣的心血管社区。演讲者可以报销旅费,并获得一块牌匾和1000美元的酬金。发言人的照片和简介刊登在《心脏新闻和观点》上,并在国际人权服务社网站上公布。
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引用次数: 3
AN ANTIGENIC PEPTIDE OF MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN-LIKE PROTEIN FROM TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS 旋毛虫肌球蛋白重链样蛋白的抗原肽
Pub Date : 2002-03-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.30.15
T. Nakada, I. Nagano, Zhiliang Wu, Y. Takahashi
We produced antigenic peptide of Trichinella spiralis newborn larvae (NBL) which seemed to be a part (approximately one fourth) of myosin heavy chain, and some basic profiles were revealed. The cDNA library was constructed from NBL and immunoscreened with an antibody against the parasite. A clone, designated NBL21, was selected. It contained a cDNA transcript of 1656 by in length, which encoded 552-amino acids (64868 Da in the estimated molecular weight). The fusion protein encoded by the clone NBL21 was produced in an Escherichia coli expression system and affinity purified. NBL21 fusion proteins migrated at 64 kDa and reacted to T spiralis infected mouse sera and the antibody against NBL crude antigen. Antisera were developed against NBL21 fusion proteins, which reacted to a single band migrating at 200 kDa on Western blotting analysis of crude extracts from muscle larvae, and reacted to hypodermal muscles of T spiralis on immunohistochemical staining. The antigen was recognized by the mouse serum obtained from the early phase of infection, but the antigenicity was devoid of species specificity.
我们制备了旋毛虫新生幼虫(Trichinella spiralis NBL)的抗原肽,它似乎是肌球蛋白重链的一部分(约四分之一),并揭示了一些基本特征。利用NBL构建cDNA文库,并用抗寄生虫抗体进行免疫筛选。一个被命名为NBL21的克隆体被选中。其cDNA转录物长度为1656 by,编码552个氨基酸(估计分子量为64868 Da)。克隆NBL21编码的融合蛋白在大肠杆菌表达系统中产生并进行了亲和纯化。NBL21融合蛋白迁移到64 kDa,并与螺旋体T感染小鼠血清和NBL粗抗原抗体发生反应。制备了NBL21融合蛋白的抗血清,对肌肉幼虫粗提物进行免疫印迹分析,该蛋白在200 kDa的单条带迁移,免疫组化染色对螺旋体T皮下肌肉产生反应。该抗原可被感染早期小鼠血清识别,但其抗原性缺乏物种特异性。
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引用次数: 1
A POTENT ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF HOT-WATER EXTRACTS OF PLANTS BELONGING TO THE FAMILY SAXIFRAGACEAE AGAINST PLASMODIUM YOELII 17XL IN ICR MICE 菝葜科植物热水提取物对icr小鼠约氏疟原虫17xl的有效抗疟活性
Pub Date : 2002-03-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.30.1
A. Ishih, Mikako Sakai, H. Takezoe, K. Fujii, Masaki Sano, Norihiro Asanuma, T. Miyase, M. Terada
Hot-water extracts of 7 plants of the family Saxifragaceae; Hydrangea macrophylla var. Otaksa, H. macrophylla, H. macrophylla serrata var. acuminata, H. involucrata, H. hirta, H. paniculata, and Cardiandra alternifolia, were screened for antimalarial activity in ICR mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii 17XL. The leaf extract of H. macrophylla var. Otaksa or H. macrophylla had an antimalarial activity against rodent malaria, showing low parasitemia levels during administration. Following a transient recrudescence of malaria parasites in the bloodstream of treated mice, no parasites could be detected by a microscopic examination. Mice treated with the leaf extract of H. macrophylla var. Otaksa or H. macrophylla survived during the experiment, though mice in the non-treated control and other treated groups died with a gradual body weight loss from day 6 to day 10 post infection. Furthermore, the antimalarial activity of the hot-water extract of H. macrophylla leaf extract seemed higher than that of H. macrophylla var. Otaksa leaf extract in respect of the degree of suppression of parasite multiplication and of mouse body weight loss.
7种沙棘科植物热水提取物的研究研究了大叶绣球、大叶绣球、尖刺大叶绣球、天卷绣球、细叶绣球、细叶绣球、细叶绣球和互花绣球对感染约氏疟原虫17XL的ICR小鼠的抗疟活性。大叶蓼叶提取物和大叶蓼叶提取物对啮齿动物疟疾均有抗疟活性,且给药期间寄生虫率较低。在接受治疗的小鼠血液中疟疾寄生虫短暂复发后,显微镜检查无法检测到寄生虫。大叶猴叶提取物或大叶猴叶提取物治疗小鼠在实验期间存活,而未治疗组和其他治疗组小鼠在感染后第6天至第10天体重逐渐下降而死亡。此外,在抑制寄生虫繁殖和小鼠体重减轻的程度方面,大叶竹叶热水提取物的抗疟活性似乎高于大叶竹叶提取物。
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引用次数: 2
NYLON MESH FILTRATION TECHNIQUE FOR QUANTITATIVE DETECTION OF HELMINTH EGGS 尼龙网过滤技术定量检测蠕虫卵
Pub Date : 2001-12-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.29.335
K. Makiya
Description was given on the material and procedure of the nylon mesh filtration technique for quantitative detection of helminth eggs in the feces, and comparison was made between the filtration and the Kato-Katz techniques on the clearness and preservation of detected eggs and the efficiency of detection. In the filtration technique, fecal matter is filtered through nylon mesh to concentrate the eggs and the eggs are sealed in the mounting medium by melting the mesh fibers. This technique can detect all the helminth eggs including hook worm and small Clonorchis eggs that are difficult to be recognized by the Kato-Katz technique. The rate of coincidence of the positive and negative slides of Schistosoma eggs between the two techniques was 88.7%, being statistically high. The filtration technique can detect 2.4 times number of eggs that are collected by the Kato-Katz technique, and the sealed eggs are clear enough to identify and can be preserved for months. This filtration technique, simple and suitable for field use, can contribute to find the helminth infections and to evaluate the control work even in developing countries.
介绍了用于粪便中蠕虫卵定量检测的尼龙网过滤技术的材料和步骤,并与加藤-卡茨技术在检测卵的清晰度、保存性和检测效率方面进行了比较。在过滤技术中,粪便通过尼龙网过滤,使鸡蛋浓缩,鸡蛋通过融化网纤维密封在安装介质中。该方法能检测到加藤-卡茨法难以识别的钩虫和小支睾吸虫卵等所有蠕虫卵。两种方法的血吸虫卵阳性、阴性玻片符合率为88.7%,具有较高的统计学意义。过滤技术可以检测出比加藤-卡茨技术收集的鸡蛋数量多2.4倍的鸡蛋,并且密封的鸡蛋足够清晰,可以识别,并且可以保存数月。这种过滤技术简单,适合现场使用,即使在发展中国家也能有助于发现寄生虫感染和评价控制工作。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of AnaeroPack(AnP) Type as Tools of Plasmodium falciparum cultivation and Drug Sensitivity Tests. AnaeroPack(AnP)型作为恶性疟原虫培养及药敏试验工具的评价
Pub Date : 2001-12-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.29.365
K. Haruki, F. Kobayashi, T. Fujino, T. Matsui, M. Tsuji
The AnaeroPack (AnP) system (Mitsui Gas Co., Japan) was produced for the purpose of culturing anaerobic bacteria. The idea using AnP Campylo® for cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum and its successful results were firstly reported by Haruki et al. (1997). In the present study, characterisation of 3 products of AnPs, i.e., AnP CO2® (at a gas phase of 5% CO2 and 15% O2), AnP Campylo® (10% CO2 and 10% O2) and AnP Plas® (5% CO2 and 5% O2), in an AnaeroPack Box Jar® (22×16×10.5 cm) was studied comparing with conditions in a gas incubator or gas chamber (4% CO2 and 3% O2) and in a candle jar (5% CO2 and 15% O2). The growth curves of malaria parasites showed no difference among these four conditions by incubation for 48 hr except for AnP Plas. The observed IC50 levels of chloroquine were varied much by the difference of AnPs, gas phases, the pressure in a Box Jar and free space inside. For stabilisation of IC50 testing, free space in a Box Jar should be kept equal and minimal by placing the maximal 5 test plates by adding dummy plates. By the stable results of IC50, gas phases can be divided into two groups. The one involves the gas incubator, AnP Plas® and AnP Campylo®, and the other does the candle jar and AnP CO2®. Results of chloroquine sensitivity test in the candle jar group showed more drug sensitive than in the gas incubator group. These two groups should be used properly by the purpose of field experiments. The AnP® system is proven to be a practical tool for malaria culture in the field for occupying only a small space in an incubator.
AnaeroPack (AnP)系统(日本三井燃气公司)是为培养厌氧菌而生产的。利用AnP Campylo®培养恶性疟原虫的想法和成功结果最早由Haruki等人(1997)报道。在本研究中,研究了AnPs的3种产物,即AnP CO2®(气相为5% CO2和15% O2), AnP Campylo®(10% CO2和10% O2)和AnP Plas®(5% CO2和5% O2),在AnaeroPack Box Jar®(22×16×10.5 cm)中与气体培养箱或气室(4% CO2和3% O2)和蜡烛罐(5% CO2和15% O2)中的条件进行了比较。除AnP Plas外,4种条件下疟原虫在孵育48小时后的生长曲线无显著差异。观察到的氯喹IC50水平因AnPs、气相、盒瓶压力和内部自由空间的不同而有很大差异。为了稳定IC50测试,箱罐中的空闲空间应保持相等和最小,通过添加虚拟板放置最多5个测试板。根据IC50的稳定结果,气相可以分为两组。其中一个涉及气体培养箱,AnP Plas®和AnP Campylo®,另一个涉及蜡烛罐和AnP CO2®。蜡烛罐组氯喹药敏试验结果显示,蜡烛罐组氯喹药敏程度高于气体培养箱组。从田间实验的目的出发,应合理使用这两组。AnP®系统被证明是一种实用的工具,用于疟疾培养在现场只占用很小的空间,在孵化器。
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引用次数: 4
MECHANISMS OF PARASITE ANTIGEN UPTAKE FROM THE INTESTINE OF RATS INFECTED WITH THE NEMATODE NIPPOSTRONGYLUS BRASILIENSIS 巴西乳头圆线虫感染大鼠肠道寄生虫抗原摄取机制
Pub Date : 2001-12-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.29.355
M. Yamada, R. Uchikawa, S. Matsuda, N. Arizono
The mechanisms of antigen-uptake at the host mucosal barrier during infection with lumen-dwelling intestinal parasites have not been well elucidated. In this study, we investigated immunolocalization of parasite excretory/secretory (ES) products in the small intestinal epithelium of rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Immunoelectronmicroscopy revealed intense ES immunoreactivity in the absorptive cell cytoplasm in association with lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP-1), and in the paracellular spaces. These results indicated that nematode antigen could be absorbed by two pathways : absorption by endocytosis and transport to lysosomes, and absorption through the paracellular pathway, suggesting altered mucosal barrier function.
在肠道寄生虫感染期间,抗原在宿主粘膜屏障的摄取机制尚未得到很好的阐明。在本研究中,我们研究了巴西尼波圆线虫感染大鼠小肠上皮中寄生虫排泄/分泌(ES)产物的免疫定位。免疫电镜显示,吸收细胞细胞质与溶酶体相关膜糖蛋白(LAMP-1)和细胞旁间隙存在强烈的ES免疫反应性。这些结果表明,线虫抗原可以通过两种途径被吸收:一种是通过内吞吸收并转运到溶酶体,另一种是通过细胞旁途径吸收,表明粘膜屏障功能发生了改变。
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引用次数: 1
MORPHOLOGICAL RE-EXAMINATION OF PARAGONIMUS WESTERMANI DESCRIBED BY DAENGSVANG AND OTHERS IN 1964 1964年daengsvang等描述的卫氏吸虫的形态再检验
Pub Date : 2001-12-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.29.371
H. Sugiyama, T. Shibahara, P. Ketudat, S. Thaithong, K. Kawashima
We examined specimens of adult Paragonimus westermani collected from Thai leopards by Daengsvang et al. in 1964. The two flukes examined had a six-lobed ovary each and singly-spaced cuticular spines. The seminal receptacle and seminal vesicle were filled with spermatozoa. Based on morphological features, these flukes were identified as the diploid type of P. westermani. The testis branched out into six lobes on the ovarian side and into five on the opposite side in both specimens. Abnormal branching in the testes, that is, separation of one lobe from the others and its direct connection to the was deferens, which was found in adult P westermani from the Philippines, was undetectable.
我们检查了daengsang等人于1964年从泰国豹身上采集的成年威氏吸虫标本。所检查的两个吸虫各有六裂的子房和单间距的角质刺。精囊和精囊内充满精子。根据形态特征,这些吸虫被鉴定为二倍体。在两个标本中,睾丸在卵巢一侧分支成六个叶,在相反一侧分支成五个叶。未检测到在菲律宾成年P westermani中发现的睾丸异常分支,即一个叶与其他叶分离并与睾丸直接连接。
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引用次数: 2
Effects of Minocycline against Mefloquine-, Chloroquine- and Pyrimethamine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. 二甲胺四环素体外抗甲氟喹、氯喹和乙胺耐药恶性疟原虫的作用
Pub Date : 2001-12-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.29.343
Q. Lin, K. Katakura, M. Oue, S. Kano, Mamoru Suzuki
Tetracyclines are used for prophylaxis of malaria and treatment of drug-resistant falciparum malaria because of their safe drug action. We re-evaluated effects of three tetracyclines against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Minocycline was approximately 4 times and twice more potent in inhibiting the in vitro growth of falciparum parasites than tetracycline and doxycycline, respectively. Compared with doxycycline, significant inhibitory effects of minocycline to chloroquine, pyrimethamine and mefloquine resistant P. falciparum strains were affirmed by the present in vitro study. By electron microscopy a number of electron dense vesicles with a single membrane bound were observed in the cytoplasm of minocycline-treated parasites, although no distinct structural alternations of mitochondria was noted. Minocycline may be a better therapeutic drug than doxycycline which is widely accented as the standard antimalarial tetracycline.
四环素因其安全的药物作用而被用于预防疟疾和治疗耐药恶性疟疾。我们在体外重新评估了三种四环素类药物对耐药恶性疟原虫的作用。二甲胺四环素对恶性疟原虫体外生长的抑制作用分别比四环素和强力霉素强约4倍和2倍。与多西环素相比,米诺环素对氯喹、乙胺嘧啶和甲氟喹耐药恶性疟原虫有明显的体外抑制作用。在二甲胺四环素处理的寄生虫细胞质中,电镜观察到许多具有单一膜结合的电子致密囊泡,尽管线粒体没有明显的结构改变。米诺环素可能是一种比强力霉素更好的治疗药物,强力霉素被广泛强调为标准的抗疟疾四环素。
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引用次数: 6
SURFACE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF NEWLY EXCYSTED METACERCARIAE OF PARAGONIMUS WESTERMANI FROM MALAYSIA AND THE PHILIPPINES 马来西亚和菲律宾威氏并殖吸虫新出囊囊蚴的表面超微结构
Pub Date : 2001-12-15 DOI: 10.2149/TMH1973.29.375
H. Sugiyama, K. Lai, C. Ow-Yang, B. Blas, K. Kawashima
We studied the ultrastructure of excysted metacercariae of Paragonimus westermani from Malaysia and the Philippines using scanning electron microscopy. The body surface of the excysted metacercariae was covered with numerous single-pointed and thorn-like tegumentary spines. Dome-shaped papillae were evenly distributed over the whole body and situated circularly around the oral and ventral suckers. Between six to eight and seven to nine small dome-shaped papillae were observed around the ventral sucker in P. westermani from Malaysia and the Philippines, respectively. In general, the morphological features of the worms from Malaysia and the Philippines were identical.
利用扫描电镜对马来西亚和菲律宾威氏并殖吸虫囊包囊囊蚴的超微结构进行了研究。囊蚴体表覆盖有许多单尖、刺状被皮刺。圆顶状乳头均匀分布于全身,圆形分布于口腔和腹侧吸盘周围。在马来西亚和菲律宾的P. westermani的腹吸盘周围分别观察到6至8个和7至9个小圆顶状乳头。总的来说,马来西亚和菲律宾的蠕虫的形态特征是相同的。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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