Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146208
Jonas Grill , Qaphelani Ngulube , Jonas Mindemark , Jelena Popovic-Neuber
Ion transport properties such as ionic conductivity, diffusion coefficients, effective transference numbers, and interphase resistance are some of the most important electrochemical properties of polymer battery electrolytes. Precise measurement of those, particularly when polymers are of low molecular weight and in a semi-solid phase, is difficult. Here we develop an improved measurement methodology including cell development, give theoretical background necessary for the detailed understanding, and test those on high weight percent, 40-60 wt%, lithium bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imide salt in polyethylene oxide model system with low Mw between 2000 and 6000. We also give guidelines on how such experiments may go wrong, and the specific problems that may occur.
{"title":"Methodology for precise measurement of ion transport properties of semi-solid polymer electrolytes","authors":"Jonas Grill , Qaphelani Ngulube , Jonas Mindemark , Jelena Popovic-Neuber","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ion transport properties such as ionic conductivity, diffusion coefficients, effective transference numbers, and interphase resistance are some of the most important electrochemical properties of polymer battery electrolytes. Precise measurement of those, particularly when polymers are of low molecular weight and in a semi-solid phase, is difficult. Here we develop an improved measurement methodology including cell development, give theoretical background necessary for the detailed understanding, and test those on high weight percent, 40-60 wt%, lithium bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imide salt in polyethylene oxide model system with low <em>M</em><sub>w</sub> between 2000 and 6000. We also give guidelines on how such experiments may go wrong, and the specific problems that may occur.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143798157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accessible high surface area copper nanoporous electrode is created in a zero-gap CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) electrolyzer in-situ from a nanocomposite of copper oxide and magnesium oxide (CuO-MgO). Upon the removal of MgO, a nanoporous CuO exhibiting a very compelling surface area of 201 m2/g with regular 30 nm pores is obtained. After electrochemical reduction, it transformed into a Cu electrode with an unprecedented high roughness factor of 36 cm2Cu/cm2geo based on the monolayer surface oxidation charge measured under aqueous half-cell conditions. Under MEA testing conditions, the on-site dissolution of MgO under the presence of water and CO2 leads to formation of nanoporous copper that exposes large amounts of triple-phase boundaries accessible for mass and charge carriers. The uniformity of the obtained Cu electrode, spanning from macro to nanoscale, is a key essence towards good CO2RR performance and the suppression of hydrogen evolution reaction. The nanoporous high surface area Cu delivers a maximum CO2RR current density (jCO2RR) of 150.8 ± 4.8 mA/cm2 at a cell voltage of 3.4 V. At 3.2 V, it delivered a maximum C2 Faradaic efficiency of 49.6 ± 6.7 % at 103.4 ± 9.9 mA/cm2 that was dominated by ethylene production, exhibiting a Faradaic efficiency of 31.0 ± 0.5 %.
{"title":"CO2-triggered break-in and formation of accessible high surface area nanoporous Cu cathode for CO2RR from CuO-MgO nanocomposites","authors":"Ding-Huei Tsai, Wei-Ting Tu, Lu-Yu Chueh, Chun-I Chou, Cheng-Yang Chang, Yung-Tin (Frank) Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accessible high surface area copper nanoporous electrode is created in a zero-gap CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) electrolyzer <em>in-situ</em> from a nanocomposite of copper oxide and magnesium oxide (CuO-MgO). Upon the removal of MgO, a nanoporous CuO exhibiting a very compelling surface area of 201 m<sup>2</sup>/g with regular 30 nm pores is obtained. After electrochemical reduction, it transformed into a Cu electrode with an unprecedented high roughness factor of 36 cm<sup>2</sup><sub>Cu</sub>/cm<sup>2</sup><sub>geo</sub> based on the monolayer surface oxidation charge measured under aqueous half-cell conditions. Under MEA testing conditions, the on-site dissolution of MgO under the presence of water and CO<sub>2</sub> leads to formation of nanoporous copper that exposes large amounts of triple-phase boundaries accessible for mass and charge carriers. The uniformity of the obtained Cu electrode, spanning from macro to nanoscale, is a key essence towards good CO<sub>2</sub>RR performance and the suppression of hydrogen evolution reaction. The nanoporous high surface area Cu delivers a maximum CO<sub>2</sub>RR current density (<em>j</em><sub>CO2RR</sub>) of 150.8 ± 4.8 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> at a cell voltage of 3.4 V. At 3.2 V, it delivered a maximum C<sub>2</sub> Faradaic efficiency of 49.6 ± 6.7 % at 103.4 ± 9.9 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> that was dominated by ethylene production, exhibiting a Faradaic efficiency of 31.0 ± 0.5 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146207"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143798085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146163
Hangyu Yu , Cédric Frantz , Louis Savioz , Dante Fronterotta , Philippe Aubin , Christian Geipel , Hamza Moussaoui , Guillaume Jeanmonod , Ligang Wang , Jan Van herle
Biogas-fed solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology based on Ni-GDC electrolyte-supported cell (ESC) offers a sustainable solution for European farms’ heat and power demands with superior efficiency. However, the understanding of the degradation and recovery behavior of the Ni-GDC based ESC under processed biogas environment is limited. This study investigates the responses of various electrochemical processes to the degradation under two cases: (1) cold recirculation before reformer (CB) and hot recirculation before reformer (HB) with no risk of carbon deposition. Chronopotentiometry and current–voltage (IV) results indicated that CB case had the highest degradation rate of -11.6 mV/kh, followed by the HB case with -6.4 mV/kh and the dry H case with -0.42 mV/kh. With the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements and distribution of relaxation time (DRT) method, it was found that CB and HB case demonstrated much lower gas conversion resistance than the dry H case, while two peaks representing the electrode gas diffusion process integrated with O surface exchange merged into one peak in HB and dry H case but split in CB case. Complex nonlinear least squares (CNLS) fit was used to quantify the resistance degradation under CB and HB environments, which depended mainly on the ohmic resistance and two electrode charge transfer resistances. The recovery process under dry H environment showed that the total resistance increased after 134 h, validating the degradation inertia under biogas environment, while the time constants of RQ elements and the peak shifting indicated that the electrochemical performance was partially recovering to the initial state. This study provides insights into the long-term performance degradation of Ni-GDC based ESC under processed biogas environment and guidelines to the operating conditions with a lower degradation rate.
{"title":"Characterization of Ni-GDC based electrolyte-supported cell under processed biogas composition: Electrochemical performance, degradation and recovery","authors":"Hangyu Yu , Cédric Frantz , Louis Savioz , Dante Fronterotta , Philippe Aubin , Christian Geipel , Hamza Moussaoui , Guillaume Jeanmonod , Ligang Wang , Jan Van herle","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogas-fed solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology based on Ni-GDC electrolyte-supported cell (ESC) offers a sustainable solution for European farms’ heat and power demands with superior efficiency. However, the understanding of the degradation and recovery behavior of the Ni-GDC based ESC under processed biogas environment is limited. This study investigates the responses of various electrochemical processes to the degradation under two cases: (1) cold recirculation before reformer (CB) and hot recirculation before reformer (HB) with no risk of carbon deposition. Chronopotentiometry and current–voltage (IV) results indicated that CB case had the highest degradation rate of -11.6 mV/kh, followed by the HB case with -6.4 mV/kh and the dry H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> case with -0.42 mV/kh. With the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements and distribution of relaxation time (DRT) method, it was found that CB and HB case demonstrated much lower gas conversion resistance than the dry H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> case, while two peaks representing the electrode gas diffusion process integrated with O<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> surface exchange merged into one peak in HB and dry H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> case but split in CB case. Complex nonlinear least squares (CNLS) fit was used to quantify the resistance degradation under CB and HB environments, which depended mainly on the ohmic resistance and two electrode charge transfer resistances. The recovery process under dry H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> environment showed that the total resistance increased after 134 h, validating the degradation inertia under biogas environment, while the time constants of RQ elements and the peak shifting indicated that the electrochemical performance was partially recovering to the initial state. This study provides insights into the long-term performance degradation of Ni-GDC based ESC under processed biogas environment and guidelines to the operating conditions with a lower degradation rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146163"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146169
Cu Dang Van , Thu Thuy Luong Thi , Khu Le Van , Min Hyung Lee
Activated carbon (AC) derived from rice husk is synthesized through a chemical activation method using dual activation agents of KOH and NaOH. The resulting AC materials demonstrate a moderate degree of graphitization, a large specific surface area, and are enriched with abundant oxygenate surface functional groups. These characteristics make them promising candidates as anode materials for Li ion batteries. Upon evaluating the performance of the synthesized ACs as anode materials, remarkable charge/discharge properties are observed, showcasing reversible capacities surpassing the theoretical value of graphite by 1.77 to 2.27 times. Notably, the AC sample obtained with the weight ratio of KOH/NaOH/char of 2 : 2 : 1 (designated as RH-K2N2) exhibits the highest reversible capacities, reaching an impressive 857 mAh⋅g−1 at a current density of 50 mA⋅g−1. Additionally, even after 100 fully discharge-charge cycles at the current density of 100 mA⋅g−1, the reversible capacity remains as high as 525 mAh⋅g−1.
{"title":"Structural control of activated carbons derived from rice husks for sustainable and enhanced lithium-ion battery anodes","authors":"Cu Dang Van , Thu Thuy Luong Thi , Khu Le Van , Min Hyung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Activated carbon (AC) derived from rice husk is synthesized through a chemical activation method using dual activation agents of KOH and NaOH. The resulting AC materials demonstrate a moderate degree of graphitization, a large specific surface area, and are enriched with abundant oxygenate surface functional groups. These characteristics make them promising candidates as anode materials for Li ion batteries. Upon evaluating the performance of the synthesized ACs as anode materials, remarkable charge/discharge properties are observed, showcasing reversible capacities surpassing the theoretical value of graphite by 1.77 to 2.27 times. Notably, the AC sample obtained with the weight ratio of KOH/NaOH/char of 2 : 2 : 1 (designated as RH-K2N2) exhibits the highest reversible capacities, reaching an impressive 857 mAh⋅g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 50 mA⋅g<sup>−1</sup>. Additionally, even after 100 fully discharge-charge cycles at the current density of 100 mA⋅g<sup>−1</sup>, the reversible capacity remains as high as 525 mAh⋅g<sup>−1</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146169"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146206
Sufei Wang , Guidan Wang , Jiling Shi , Xiaorui Zhu , Aihua Jing , Gaofeng Liang
Compared with traditional two-dimensional (2D) culture systems, three-dimensional (3D) culture systems can better simulate the physiological environment of cells in vivo, providing more accurate and real-time data. Although many reported 3D culture scaffolds can simulate the in vivo microenvironment, their use in real-time electrochemical sensing still limited by their insulating and non-compressible nature. In this research, we developed a simple and efficient way for preparing 3D cell culture-integrated electrochemical sensing platform for real-time monitoring of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) release from cells under drug stimulation. The 3D integrated platform was a polyurethane (PU) scaffold modified MXene and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) (Au/MXene/PU). The prepared Au/MXene/PU scaffold showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for H2O2 with a detection linear range of 0.1 to 100 μM. Furthermore, MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured on the 3D Au/MXene/PU scaffold and H2O2 released by cells were in situ monitored. These results indicate that the 3D Au/MXene/PU scaffold exhibits excellent potential applications in cell in vivo research cancer-related disease diagnosis and drug screening.
{"title":"Integrated electrochemical sensing platform based on Au/MXene/PU three-dimensional scaffold for real-time monitoring of H2O2 release from cells under drug stimulation","authors":"Sufei Wang , Guidan Wang , Jiling Shi , Xiaorui Zhu , Aihua Jing , Gaofeng Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared with traditional two-dimensional (2D) culture systems, three-dimensional (3D) culture systems can better simulate the physiological environment of cells in vivo, providing more accurate and real-time data. Although many reported 3D culture scaffolds can simulate the in vivo microenvironment, their use in real-time electrochemical sensing still limited by their insulating and non-compressible nature. In this research, we developed a simple and efficient way for preparing 3D cell culture-integrated electrochemical sensing platform for real-time monitoring of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) release from cells under drug stimulation. The 3D integrated platform was a polyurethane (PU) scaffold modified MXene and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) (Au/MXene/PU). The prepared Au/MXene/PU scaffold showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with a detection linear range of 0.1 to 100 μM. Furthermore, MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured on the 3D Au/MXene/PU scaffold and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> released by cells were in situ monitored. These results indicate that the 3D Au/MXene/PU scaffold exhibits excellent potential applications in cell in vivo research cancer-related disease diagnosis and drug screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"527 ","pages":"Article 146206"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143798158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146205
Shi Mengqi , Bu Yonglin , Xia Guangmei , Tian Yihui , Wang Shoujuan , Xi Yuebin , Wang Huan , Kong Fangong
The development of lithium-sulfur batteries, which are a new type of energy storage device, is hindered by the poor performance of sulfur cathodes and the shuttle effect of polysulfides.In this study, a composite precursor was successfully constructed through the hydrophobic self-assembly of lignin, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and zinc carbonate, wherein lignin molecules encapsulate CNTs. Subsequently, high-temperature gas-phase exfoliation and in-situ activation of the precursor yielded a three-dimensionally interconnected lignin carbon/CNTs composite material (LPC/CNTs), as sulfur host to enhance the electrochemical performance. The results indicate that LPC/CNTs as a sulfur-hosting material, under calcination at 700 °C with a 10 % CNTs addition, the initial discharge specific capacity reaches 1138 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 C and maintains a discharge specific capacity of 504.09 mAh g⁻¹ after 300 cycles at 1 C. These findings suggest that the LPC/CNTs composite material, featuring abundant pore structures and three-dimensionally interconnected conductive networks, is a promising sulfur-hosting material for lithium-sulfur batteries. This study not only offers a novel approach for the high-value utilization of industrial lignin but also provides fundamental data for the development of new energy materials.
{"title":"Preparation and performance study of high-performance lignin carbon-based sulfur host materials","authors":"Shi Mengqi , Bu Yonglin , Xia Guangmei , Tian Yihui , Wang Shoujuan , Xi Yuebin , Wang Huan , Kong Fangong","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of lithium-sulfur batteries, which are a new type of energy storage device, is hindered by the poor performance of sulfur cathodes and the shuttle effect of polysulfides.In this study, a composite precursor was successfully constructed through the hydrophobic self-assembly of lignin, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and zinc carbonate, wherein lignin molecules encapsulate CNTs. Subsequently, high-temperature gas-phase exfoliation and in-situ activation of the precursor yielded a three-dimensionally interconnected lignin carbon/CNTs composite material (LPC/CNTs), as sulfur host to enhance the electrochemical performance. The results indicate that LPC/CNTs as a sulfur-hosting material, under calcination at 700 °C with a 10 % CNTs addition, the initial discharge specific capacity reaches 1138 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 C and maintains a discharge specific capacity of 504.09 mAh g⁻¹ after 300 cycles at 1 C. These findings suggest that the LPC/CNTs composite material, featuring abundant pore structures and three-dimensionally interconnected conductive networks, is a promising sulfur-hosting material for lithium-sulfur batteries. This study not only offers a novel approach for the high-value utilization of industrial lignin but also provides fundamental data for the development of new energy materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146205"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143798154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146209
Chaeeun Kang , Chaekyung Kim , Sang-Min Lee , Ying Liu , Jae-Kwang Kim
Over the past decade, the rapid growth in lithium-ion battery (LIB) production has been driven by the rising demand for portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage systems. However, the widespread use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent in LIB electrode manufacturing poses significant environmental and health concerns. NMP is classified as a reproductive toxicant and is known to cause severe irritation and health risks during the manufacturing process. Accordingly, this study investigates the potential of gamma-valerolactone (GVL), an eco-friendly solvent, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a relatively environmentally friendly solvent, as alternatives for NMP in LIB electrode manufacturing. The electrochemical performances of LiFePO4 cathodes and electrode surfaces were compared and evaluated using NMP-, GVL-, and DMSO-based solvents through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (solid-NMR). The analysis revealed that GVL- and DMSO-based electrodes exhibited performance levels comparable to NMP, confirming their feasibility as alternative solvents in the electrode fabrication process. These findings suggest that GVL and DMSO have the potential for real-world application in the LIB industry, thus contributing to sustainable battery production.
{"title":"Eco-friendly solvent alternative to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in lithium-ion battery electrode safe manufacturing","authors":"Chaeeun Kang , Chaekyung Kim , Sang-Min Lee , Ying Liu , Jae-Kwang Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, the rapid growth in lithium-ion battery (LIB) production has been driven by the rising demand for portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage systems. However, the widespread use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent in LIB electrode manufacturing poses significant environmental and health concerns. NMP is classified as a reproductive toxicant and is known to cause severe irritation and health risks during the manufacturing process. Accordingly, this study investigates the potential of gamma-valerolactone (GVL), an eco-friendly solvent, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a relatively environmentally friendly solvent, as alternatives for NMP in LIB electrode manufacturing. The electrochemical performances of LiFePO<sub>4</sub> cathodes and electrode surfaces were compared and evaluated using NMP-, GVL-, and DMSO-based solvents through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (solid-NMR). The analysis revealed that GVL- and DMSO-based electrodes exhibited performance levels comparable to NMP, confirming their feasibility as alternative solvents in the electrode fabrication process. These findings suggest that GVL and DMSO have the potential for real-world application in the LIB industry, thus contributing to sustainable battery production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143798156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146135
Khudija Munir , Ghulam Nabi
Structural transformations at the nanoscale, along with crystal imperfections introduced by ion doping, plays a critical role in improving electrochemical performance. In this study, a series of Y-doped BiVO4 samples, with compositions YxBi1-xVO4 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05), were synthesized and studied for supercapacitor applications. The structural and morphological investigations verified that Y-ion incorporation significantly influences the transition, transforming spherical nanoparticles into rod-like nanostructure. This increases the electrochemical active surface area for higher redox activity. The electrochemical examinations confirmed notable improvements in specific capacitance, with the electrode containing 3 % Y doping achieving a maximum capacitance of 2127 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, along with excellent retention of 90.9 % after 6000 charge-discharge cycles. This remarkable performance is attributed to the enhanced charge transport and conductivity due to rod-like nanostructure. Power-law analysis (b = 0.68) and Dunn's method (54.93 % capacitive contribution at 100 mV/s scan rate) further substantiate the pseudocapacitive behavior of the material. The low Rs values from EIS and high specific capacitance of 3 % Y-BiVO4 nanorods as promising candidates for high-performance supercapacitor applications, underscoring its potential to advance energy storage technology.
{"title":"Nanoarchitectonics with yttrium role in controlled structural transformations and enhanced electrochemical performance of Y-BiVO4 nanorods for supercapacitor electrode applications","authors":"Khudija Munir , Ghulam Nabi","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structural transformations at the nanoscale, along with crystal imperfections introduced by ion doping, plays a critical role in improving electrochemical performance. In this study, a series of Y-doped BiVO<sub>4</sub> samples, with compositions Y<sub>x</sub>Bi<sub>1-x</sub>VO<sub>4</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05), were synthesized and studied for supercapacitor applications. The structural and morphological investigations verified that Y-ion incorporation significantly influences the transition, transforming spherical nanoparticles into rod-like nanostructure. This increases the electrochemical active surface area for higher redox activity. The electrochemical examinations confirmed notable improvements in specific capacitance, with the electrode containing 3 % Y doping achieving a maximum capacitance of 2127 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, along with excellent retention of 90.9 % after 6000 charge-discharge cycles. This remarkable performance is attributed to the enhanced charge transport and conductivity due to rod-like nanostructure. Power-law analysis (<em>b</em> = 0.68) and Dunn's method (54.93 % capacitive contribution at 100 mV/s scan rate) further substantiate the pseudocapacitive behavior of the material. The low R<sub>s</sub> values from EIS and high specific capacitance of 3 % Y-BiVO<sub>4</sub> nanorods as promising candidates for high-performance supercapacitor applications, underscoring its potential to advance energy storage technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-07DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146200
Hong Liu , Litao Han , Chen Lu , Shi Tao , Bin Qian , Fanjun Kong
Iron vanadium oxides have large exploration potentiality as anode materials for lithium ion batteries owing to their abundant resource and high capacity based on multi-electron transfer process. However, low electrical conductivity and large volume change may lead to the sluggish reaction kinetics and rapid capacity decay. Herein, Fe2VO4 nanoparticles are uniformly embedded in the carbon nanotubes (FVO/CNT) though the hydrothermal reaction and subsequent heat treatment. Benefiting from high electrical conductivity and structural stability of CNT, FVO/CNT composite delivers excellent lithium storage performance with superior kinetics and high reversible capacity. Furthermore, the lithium-ion full cell with LiFePO4 as cathode presents superior cycling stability (181.5 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g-1 and 96.4 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 2.0 A g-1). This work opens up a promising path for electrochemical reaction analysis of energy storage materials and provides valuable guidance for durable lithium ion batteries with high performance.
{"title":"Fe2VO4 nanoparticles embedded in CNTs with fast reaction kinetics for high-performance lithium storage","authors":"Hong Liu , Litao Han , Chen Lu , Shi Tao , Bin Qian , Fanjun Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron vanadium oxides have large exploration potentiality as anode materials for lithium ion batteries owing to their abundant resource and high capacity based on multi-electron transfer process. However, low electrical conductivity and large volume change may lead to the sluggish reaction kinetics and rapid capacity decay. Herein, Fe<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles are uniformly embedded in the carbon nanotubes (FVO/CNT) though the hydrothermal reaction and subsequent heat treatment. Benefiting from high electrical conductivity and structural stability of CNT, FVO/CNT composite delivers excellent lithium storage performance with superior kinetics and high reversible capacity. Furthermore, the lithium-ion full cell with LiFePO<sub>4</sub> as cathode presents superior cycling stability (181.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g<sup>-1</sup> and 96.4 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> after 500 cycles at 2.0 A g<sup>-1</sup>). This work opens up a promising path for electrochemical reaction analysis of energy storage materials and provides valuable guidance for durable lithium ion batteries with high performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-07DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146201
Zhijun Kang , Yongming Zeng , Xiaofei Li , Haifeng Shi , Jingshuai Zhu , Lili Geng , Ley Boon Sim , Binghui Chen
This study focuses on developing a novel high-performance electrocatalyst to enhance the electrochemical synthesis efficiency of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The self-grown, binder-free Ni(OH)2CeO2 on nickel foam nanosheet catalyst was prepared via a one-step hydrothermal method without additional Ni sources. XRD, HRTEM, and SAED confirmed the Ni(OH)2 and CeO2 phases and demonstrated their heterojunction, revealing the flake-like morphology of Ni(OH)2 and the particulate nature of CeO2. XPS analysis showed that the introduction of CeO2 modulates the catalyst electronic environment, shifting the Ni 2p3/2 peak to higher binding energies which favors more Ni3+ formation. The Ni(OH)2CeO2/NF electrode outperformed Ni(OH)2/NF in oxidizing HMF. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that at 1.504 V, Ni(OH)2CeO2/NF achieved an HMF conversion rate of 98.9 % and FDCA selectivity of 98.8 % with a Faradaic efficiency of 98.4 %, while showing excellent stability. DFT calculations corroborated that CeO2 optimizes HMF adsorption on the catalyst and lowers the activation energies for all reaction intermediates. This research developed the robust electrocatalyst Ni(OH)2CeO2/NF for FDCA production, and also elucidated the indirect reaction mechanism of the catalyst and the catalytic mechanism by which CeO2 enhances the electrocatalytic oxidation performance of HMF.
{"title":"CeO2 enhancement on self-grown Ni(OH)2 on nickel foam for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electrooxidation","authors":"Zhijun Kang , Yongming Zeng , Xiaofei Li , Haifeng Shi , Jingshuai Zhu , Lili Geng , Ley Boon Sim , Binghui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on developing a novel high-performance electrocatalyst to enhance the electrochemical synthesis efficiency of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The self-grown, binder-free Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub><sub><img></sub>CeO<sub>2</sub> on nickel foam nanosheet catalyst was prepared via a one-step hydrothermal method without additional Ni sources. XRD, HRTEM, and SAED confirmed the Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> and CeO<sub>2</sub> phases and demonstrated their heterojunction, revealing the flake-like morphology of Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> and the particulate nature of CeO<sub>2</sub>. XPS analysis showed that the introduction of CeO<sub>2</sub> modulates the catalyst electronic environment, shifting the Ni 2p3/2 peak to higher binding energies which favors more Ni<sup>3+</sup> formation. The Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub><sub><img></sub>CeO<sub>2</sub>/NF electrode outperformed Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/NF in oxidizing HMF. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that at 1.504 V, Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub><sub><img></sub>CeO<sub>2</sub>/NF achieved an HMF conversion rate of 98.9 % and FDCA selectivity of 98.8 % with a Faradaic efficiency of 98.4 %, while showing excellent stability. DFT calculations corroborated that CeO<sub>2</sub> optimizes HMF adsorption on the catalyst and lowers the activation energies for all reaction intermediates. This research developed the robust electrocatalyst Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub><sub><img></sub>CeO<sub>2</sub>/NF for FDCA production, and also elucidated the indirect reaction mechanism of the catalyst and the catalytic mechanism by which CeO<sub>2</sub> enhances the electrocatalytic oxidation performance of HMF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"526 ","pages":"Article 146201"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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