Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26754
E. R. Sulistya Dewi, Ary Susatyo Nugroho, Atip Nurwahyunani, M. Ulfah
Tofu industrial waste has the potential to become contaminant when it is not maximum processed, so it needs appropriate treatment to minimize the occurrence of pollution. β-Glucans can be produced from the yeast cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.As a feed supplement, β-Glucans have been used for an immunostimulant because it can increase the immune system. This study aimed to establish a suitable technology to produce β-Glucans fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae by utilize tofu waste as feed supplement. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model was used in the experimental method. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model.The treatment given wereP1: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 5.5 gSaccharomyces cerevisiae; P2: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 6.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae; P3: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg bran + 0.2 kg fish meal +0.2 lt molasses + 7.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and fermented for five days.The results found that P1 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5.5 g was the best formulation to produced crude β-Glucans by weight of 25.9 g/kg of waste. Production of β-Glucans as an animal feed supplement is a waste-based feed technology development which is expected to increase livestock production both in quality and quantity.
豆腐工业废弃物在未得到最大限度的处理时，有可能成为污染物，因此需要适当的处理，以尽量减少污染的发生。β-葡聚糖可以从酿酒酵母的酵母细胞壁中产生。作为饲料添加剂，β-葡聚糖已被用作免疫刺激剂，因为它可以增强免疫系统。本研究旨在建立以豆腐渣为饲料添加剂，以酿酒酵母为原料生产β-葡聚糖的工艺条件。实验方法采用完全随机设计(CRD)模型。本研究采用完全随机设计(CRD)模型的实验方法。处理方法为:豆腐渣1kg +麸皮1kg +鱼粉0.2 kg +糖蜜0.2 lt +酿酒酵母5.5 g;P2:豆腐渣1kg +麸皮1kg +鱼粉0.2 kg +糖蜜0.2 lt +酿酒酵母6.5 g;P3:豆腐渣1kg +麸皮1kg +鱼粉0.2 kg +糖蜜0.2 lt +酿酒酵母7.5 g每次处理重复3次，发酵5 d。结果表明，以5.5 g酿酒酵母菌P1为最佳配方，可产生25.9 g/kg废物重量的粗β-葡聚糖。生产β-葡聚糖作为动物饲料添加剂是一项以废物为基础的饲料技术开发，有望在质量和数量上提高牲畜产量。
{"title":"β-Glucans Production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Using Tofu Waste as Animal Feed Supplement","authors":"E. R. Sulistya Dewi, Ary Susatyo Nugroho, Atip Nurwahyunani, M. Ulfah","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26754","url":null,"abstract":"Tofu industrial waste has the potential to become contaminant when it is not maximum processed, so it needs appropriate treatment to minimize the occurrence of pollution. β-Glucans can be produced from the yeast cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.As a feed supplement, β-Glucans have been used for an immunostimulant because it can increase the immune system. This study aimed to establish a suitable technology to produce β-Glucans fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae by utilize tofu waste as feed supplement. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model was used in the experimental method. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model.The treatment given wereP1: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 5.5 gSaccharomyces cerevisiae; P2: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 6.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae; P3: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg bran + 0.2 kg fish meal +0.2 lt molasses + 7.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and fermented for five days.The results found that P1 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5.5 g was the best formulation to produced crude β-Glucans by weight of 25.9 g/kg of waste. Production of β-Glucans as an animal feed supplement is a waste-based feed technology development which is expected to increase livestock production both in quality and quantity.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44136032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.28237
S. Murtiati, U. Tarwotjo, R. Rahadian
Nilaparvata lugens Stall is one of the main insect pests on rice crops. Intensive control of this pests using insecticides has resulted in the development of insect resistance. This study aimed to find out the level of resistance of the N. lugens population to pymetrozine insecticides by determining the diagnostic concertations. N. lugens was collected from five endemic areas in Central Java Province from October 2019 to June 2020. The data from the bioassay test were analyzed with probit analysis to obtain the LC50 value. The results of the sensitivity test showed that the Kajen population has the highest RF value (2.47), while the Karanganyar population which has the lowest RF value (1) was the most sensitive population. The determined diagnostic concentration was LC95 = 25.52 ppm with the lowest concentration limit of 7.67 ppm and the highest of 30.05 ppm. To conclude, the determined diagnostic concentration (LC95 = 25.52 ppm) is effective for detecting the susceptibililty of N. lugens population. This finding would be beneficial for monitoring resistance of N. lugens population against pymetrozine insecticides in the field.
{"title":"Resistance Monitoring of Nilaparvata lugens Stall against Pymetrozine Insecticide with Determination of Diagnostic Concentrations","authors":"S. Murtiati, U. Tarwotjo, R. Rahadian","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.28237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.28237","url":null,"abstract":"Nilaparvata lugens Stall is one of the main insect pests on rice crops. Intensive control of this pests using insecticides has resulted in the development of insect resistance. This study aimed to find out the level of resistance of the N. lugens population to pymetrozine insecticides by determining the diagnostic concertations. N. lugens was collected from five endemic areas in Central Java Province from October 2019 to June 2020. The data from the bioassay test were analyzed with probit analysis to obtain the LC50 value. The results of the sensitivity test showed that the Kajen population has the highest RF value (2.47), while the Karanganyar population which has the lowest RF value (1) was the most sensitive population. The determined diagnostic concentration was LC95 = 25.52 ppm with the lowest concentration limit of 7.67 ppm and the highest of 30.05 ppm. To conclude, the determined diagnostic concentration (LC95 = 25.52 ppm) is effective for detecting the susceptibililty of N. lugens population. This finding would be beneficial for monitoring resistance of N. lugens population against pymetrozine insecticides in the field.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47833747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.24064
M. L. Cababan, Aprille Kake Ora Jaranilla, Mariane Catayas Bastatas, Chazzel Feel Comonong Salvane, Uzziel Campuso Toldo
Fungi have a lot of important function in the bionetwork resembling to decomposition and even nutrient cycling with respect to its symbiotic relationships with trees and other plants. This study aimed to assess the diversity and distribution of bracket fungi in Mt. Kilakiron, Portulin, Pangantucan, Bukidnon. Thus, floristic survey was conducted in one of the mountain of Mindanao to provide information as to what and how many species of bracket fungi are present in Mt. Kilakioron, Bukidnon, Philippines. Â 40 total species belonging to 17 genera and 5 family was collected and assessed. 12 individuals of Trametes versicolor were observe which favors dwellings with low temperature and high altitude are. Additionally, study revealed that most types of bracket fungi initiate in the site are decomposers and saprophytic in nature which contributes a lot in the process of putrefaction. The species of bracket fungi in Mt. Kilakiron clearly shows abundant and provides a large contribution to the ecosystem having high Shannon diversity index. The significance of each environmental factor is discussed in relationship to the ecology of the species. Bracket fungi are reliant on the climatic and conservational settings which makes them as excellent natural pointers of ecosystem in the forests of Mindanao Island, Philippines.
{"title":"Diversity and Distribution of Bracket Fungi in Mt. Kilakiron, Bukidnon, Philippines","authors":"M. L. Cababan, Aprille Kake Ora Jaranilla, Mariane Catayas Bastatas, Chazzel Feel Comonong Salvane, Uzziel Campuso Toldo","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.24064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.24064","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi have a lot of important function in the bionetwork resembling to decomposition and even nutrient cycling with respect to its symbiotic relationships with trees and other plants. This study aimed to assess the diversity and distribution of bracket fungi in Mt. Kilakiron, Portulin, Pangantucan, Bukidnon. Thus, floristic survey was conducted in one of the mountain of Mindanao to provide information as to what and how many species of bracket fungi are present in Mt. Kilakioron, Bukidnon, Philippines. Â 40 total species belonging to 17 genera and 5 family was collected and assessed. 12 individuals of Trametes versicolor were observe which favors dwellings with low temperature and high altitude are. Additionally, study revealed that most types of bracket fungi initiate in the site are decomposers and saprophytic in nature which contributes a lot in the process of putrefaction. The species of bracket fungi in Mt. Kilakiron clearly shows abundant and provides a large contribution to the ecosystem having high Shannon diversity index. The significance of each environmental factor is discussed in relationship to the ecology of the species. Bracket fungi are reliant on the climatic and conservational settings which makes them as excellent natural pointers of ecosystem in the forests of Mindanao Island, Philippines.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41897387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26148
K. P. Ramadhan, S. Anita, M. Oktaviani, F. P. Sari, R. P. B. Laksana, O. D. Nurhayat, D. Yanto
Water pollution by dyes represents from dyestuff industry becomes an environmental concern. Finding new isolates capable of decolorizing these dyes is important. The study aimed to assess the new isolates of white-rot fungi (WRF) as decolorizing agent of anthraquinone and azo dyes. Decolorization assay were conducted in Agar plates and liquid medium. During the decolorization, laccase activities produced by the fungal strains were analyzed. Identification of the fungal strains were investigated using molecular DNA analysis. The results showed that isolates M3, H18, and GP1 were able to decolorize anthraquinone and azo dyes in Agar and liquid medium. Based on DNA analysis, isolates M3, H18, and GP1 have the similarity to Trametes sanguinea, Trametes polyzona, and Neofomitella guangxiensis, respectively. Among the fungi, T. polyzona H18 exhibited high decolorization ability (70–90%) to the dyes (100 mg/L) after 96-hours incubation. Laccase activity was fluctuated during the reactions with tendency to increase at the beginning until its peak, then decreased at the end of incubation. This study demonstrated the potential of the new isolates from Indonesia to decolorize anthraquinone and azo dyes. The results of the study can provide an alteranative for bioremediation agents of contaminated water by synthetic dyes.
{"title":"Biodecolorization of Anthraquinone and Azo Dyes by Newly Isolated Indonesian White-Rot Fungi","authors":"K. P. Ramadhan, S. Anita, M. Oktaviani, F. P. Sari, R. P. B. Laksana, O. D. Nurhayat, D. Yanto","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26148","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution by dyes represents from dyestuff industry becomes an environmental concern. Finding new isolates capable of decolorizing these dyes is important. The study aimed to assess the new isolates of white-rot fungi (WRF) as decolorizing agent of anthraquinone and azo dyes. Decolorization assay were conducted in Agar plates and liquid medium. During the decolorization, laccase activities produced by the fungal strains were analyzed. Identification of the fungal strains were investigated using molecular DNA analysis. The results showed that isolates M3, H18, and GP1 were able to decolorize anthraquinone and azo dyes in Agar and liquid medium. Based on DNA analysis, isolates M3, H18, and GP1 have the similarity to Trametes sanguinea, Trametes polyzona, and Neofomitella guangxiensis, respectively. Among the fungi, T. polyzona H18 exhibited high decolorization ability (70–90%) to the dyes (100 mg/L) after 96-hours incubation. Laccase activity was fluctuated during the reactions with tendency to increase at the beginning until its peak, then decreased at the end of incubation. This study demonstrated the potential of the new isolates from Indonesia to decolorize anthraquinone and azo dyes. The results of the study can provide an alteranative for bioremediation agents of contaminated water by synthetic dyes.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46293217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26706
S. Purwantisari, H. Sitepu, I. Rukmi, A. T. Lunggani, K. Budihardjo
Indigenous Trichoderma has widely used in late-blight epidemic areas in Magelang, Indonesia as biocontrol and biomodulator. But it application still lacks of scientific proof, even though it is potently to be developed. Therefore, this study aims to identify and evaluate indigenous Trichoderma application in eradicating late blight and increase productivity. This research was an experimental posttest-only using six experimental plots, with P0 plot with no treatment. The solution was made by dissolve indigenous Trichoderma solid-starter into water (m/v), then used for treatment. The treatment plots including: two groups of sprayed-only plots with doses of 100 g/ 10 L of solution for P1 and 150 g/ 10 L of solution for P2; and two group treated with sprayed-poured method using doses of 100 g/ 10 L of solution for P3 and 150 g/ 10 L of solution for P4. The positive control group was P5 group, treated using chemical pesticides and tuber booster. The microscopic identification revealed that the local bioagent was Trichoderma harzianum species. Application of T. harzianum in P4 was significantly increased the productivity. However, it was not effective in increasing growth, but able to reduce the intensity of late blight disease. The research revealed that native Trichoderma is able to be used as anti-infectious agent and potentially improve the quality of potato plants. In the future, this research may worthwhile for farmers to develop and produce trustworthy and proven Trichoderma-based biocontrol and help them increase the potato production economically.
{"title":"Indigenous Trichoderma harzianum as Biocontrol toward Blight Late Disease and Biomodulator in Potato Plant Productivity","authors":"S. Purwantisari, H. Sitepu, I. Rukmi, A. T. Lunggani, K. Budihardjo","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26706","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous Trichoderma has widely used in late-blight epidemic areas in Magelang, Indonesia as biocontrol and biomodulator. But it application still lacks of scientific proof, even though it is potently to be developed. Therefore, this study aims to identify and evaluate indigenous Trichoderma application in eradicating late blight and increase productivity. This research was an experimental posttest-only using six experimental plots, with P0 plot with no treatment. The solution was made by dissolve indigenous Trichoderma solid-starter into water (m/v), then used for treatment. The treatment plots including: two groups of sprayed-only plots with doses of 100 g/ 10 L of solution for P1 and 150 g/ 10 L of solution for P2; and two group treated with sprayed-poured method using doses of 100 g/ 10 L of solution for P3 and 150 g/ 10 L of solution for P4. The positive control group was P5 group, treated using chemical pesticides and tuber booster. The microscopic identification revealed that the local bioagent was Trichoderma harzianum species. Application of T. harzianum in P4 was significantly increased the productivity. However, it was not effective in increasing growth, but able to reduce the intensity of late blight disease. The research revealed that native Trichoderma is able to be used as anti-infectious agent and potentially improve the quality of potato plants. In the future, this research may worthwhile for farmers to develop and produce trustworthy and proven Trichoderma-based biocontrol and help them increase the potato production economically.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46416449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.19333
E. Latifah, P. Mulyani, Y. A. Purwestri
Bacteria BSR 2, Pseudomonas alcaligenes (BSR 3), Brevibacillus parabrevis (BSR 8), Brevibacillus sp. (BSR 9), isolated from termite gut and Bacillus licheniformis (BSA B1) isolated from milkfish gut have been known to possess celluloytic activity. However, their lignolytic ability has not been known. This study aimed to determine the lignolytic ability of bacteria isolated from termit (Coptotermes sp.) and milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal, 1775) guts and their enzymes characterization. The qualitative test was done through the spot test method, while quantitative assay was performed spectrophotometrically at 335 nm to calculate vanillin concentration. The isolates were grown in Lignin Mineral Medium, then the optical density (OD620) were measured every 24 hours for 5 days using spectrophotometer to determine their growth profile and the best isolation time of the lignolytic enzyme. Based on results, the best lignolytic enzyme isolation time for strains Bacillus licheniformis (BSA B1) and BSR 2 were 5 days, yielding lignolytic enzyme activity of 0.961 ± 0.168 U/mg and 2.176 ± 0.088 U/mg respectively,  while strains Pseudomonas alcaligenes (BSR 3), Brevibacillus parabrevis (BSR 8), and Brevibacillus sp. (BSR 9) were 4 days, yielding of 1.206 ± 0.045 U/mg, 1.162 ± 0.191 U/mg, and 0.896 ± 0.108 U/mg, respectively. The strain BSR 2 showed the highest lignolytic activity compared to other strains. The optimum temperature for lignolytic enzyme activity of BSR 2 was 30 ℃ and the optimum pH was 7. The lignolytic enzyme activity showed that these bacterial isolates can be a chance to be used as new alternative lignolytic enzyme source in commercial bioconversion process.
{"title":"Lignolytic Enzyme Activity of Isolated Bacteria from Termite (Coptotermes Sp.) and Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal, 1775) Guts","authors":"E. Latifah, P. Mulyani, Y. A. Purwestri","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.19333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.19333","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteria BSR 2, Pseudomonas alcaligenes (BSR 3), Brevibacillus parabrevis (BSR 8), Brevibacillus sp. (BSR 9), isolated from termite gut and Bacillus licheniformis (BSA B1) isolated from milkfish gut have been known to possess celluloytic activity. However, their lignolytic ability has not been known. This study aimed to determine the lignolytic ability of bacteria isolated from termit (Coptotermes sp.) and milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal, 1775) guts and their enzymes characterization. The qualitative test was done through the spot test method, while quantitative assay was performed spectrophotometrically at 335 nm to calculate vanillin concentration. The isolates were grown in Lignin Mineral Medium, then the optical density (OD620) were measured every 24 hours for 5 days using spectrophotometer to determine their growth profile and the best isolation time of the lignolytic enzyme. Based on results, the best lignolytic enzyme isolation time for strains Bacillus licheniformis (BSA B1) and BSR 2 were 5 days, yielding lignolytic enzyme activity of 0.961 ± 0.168 U/mg and 2.176 ± 0.088 U/mg respectively,  while strains Pseudomonas alcaligenes (BSR 3), Brevibacillus parabrevis (BSR 8), and Brevibacillus sp. (BSR 9) were 4 days, yielding of 1.206 ± 0.045 U/mg, 1.162 ± 0.191 U/mg, and 0.896 ± 0.108 U/mg, respectively. The strain BSR 2 showed the highest lignolytic activity compared to other strains. The optimum temperature for lignolytic enzyme activity of BSR 2 was 30 ℃ and the optimum pH was 7. The lignolytic enzyme activity showed that these bacterial isolates can be a chance to be used as new alternative lignolytic enzyme source in commercial bioconversion process.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46950063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-10DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26428
D. Prehaten, S. Hardiwinoto, M. Na’iem, H. Supriyo, Widiyatno Widiyatno, Dian Rodiana
Perum Perhutani has an important role in providing food and wood for people. Diversity and diversification of food will reduce the need for one type of food, namely rice as a staple food. Some tuber and rhizome are source of alternative foodstuffs, such as taro and arrowroot. This study aimed to determine the suitability and productivity of arrowroot and taro planted under old superior teak clones with several levels of stand density. Arrowroot and taro were planted under 14-year-old teak stands with 4 levels of density. Both plants were planted in the form of an array, measuring of 3m x 15m, with a spacing of 75cm x 75cm between plants. They were arranged in Randomized Completely with Block Design (RCBD) placed in 4 blocks of observation as replications. The results showed that under superior teak clone had the potential to be planted with arrowroot and taro. Teak stand density influenced significantly some characteristics of arrowroot (leaves number, leaves area, stem height, stem diameter, root length) and taro (stem diameter, tuber diameter). Arrowroot productivity per hectare increased with low density of teak stands, accounted for 55, 59, 80, and 88 kg respectively. Meanwhile, taro productivity from very high to low teak density were 365, 301, 523, and 426 kg/ha. The novelty of this study is that there is no record of intercropping studies on old superior teak clones, so this is among the first studies. The benefit of from this research result, it could be employed by Perhutani to support the Indonesian government in the national food security program
{"title":"Productivity of Arrowroots and Taro Grown Under Superior Teak Clones with Several Levels of Stand Density","authors":"D. Prehaten, S. Hardiwinoto, M. Na’iem, H. Supriyo, Widiyatno Widiyatno, Dian Rodiana","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26428","url":null,"abstract":"Perum Perhutani has an important role in providing food and wood for people. Diversity and diversification of food will reduce the need for one type of food, namely rice as a staple food. Some tuber and rhizome are source of alternative foodstuffs, such as taro and arrowroot. This study aimed to determine the suitability and productivity of arrowroot and taro planted under old superior teak clones with several levels of stand density. Arrowroot and taro were planted under 14-year-old teak stands with 4 levels of density. Both plants were planted in the form of an array, measuring of 3m x 15m, with a spacing of 75cm x 75cm between plants. They were arranged in Randomized Completely with Block Design (RCBD) placed in 4 blocks of observation as replications. The results showed that under superior teak clone had the potential to be planted with arrowroot and taro. Teak stand density influenced significantly some characteristics of arrowroot (leaves number, leaves area, stem height, stem diameter, root length) and taro (stem diameter, tuber diameter). Arrowroot productivity per hectare increased with low density of teak stands, accounted for 55, 59, 80, and 88 kg respectively. Meanwhile, taro productivity from very high to low teak density were 365, 301, 523, and 426 kg/ha. The novelty of this study is that there is no record of intercropping studies on old superior teak clones, so this is among the first studies. The benefit of from this research result, it could be employed by Perhutani to support the Indonesian government in the national food security program","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48066715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-09DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.30404
Biosaintifika Biosaintifika
{"title":"Frontmatter (Cover and Table of Contents)","authors":"Biosaintifika Biosaintifika","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.30404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.30404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49211241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-09DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26322
Zatty Zawani Zaidi, F. Huyop
Halogenated compound such as 2,2-dichloropropionic acid is known for its toxicity and polluted many areas especially with agricultural activities. This study focused on the isolation and characterization of the bacterium that can utilise 2,2-dichloropropionic acid from palm oil plantation in Lenga, Johor and in silico analysis of putative dehalogenase obtained from NCBI database of the same genus and species. The bacterium was isolated using an enrichment culture media supplemented with 20 mM 2,2-dicholoropropionic acid as a carbon source. The cells were grown at 30ËšC with cells doubling time of 2.00±0.005 hours with the maximum growth at A680nm of 1.047 overnight. The partial biochemical tests and morphological examination concluded that the bacterium belongs to the genus Staphylococcus sp.. This is the first reported studies of  Staphylococcus sp. with the ability to grow on 2,2-dichloropropionic acid. The genomic DNA from NCBI database of the same species was analysed assuming the same genus and has identical genomic sequence. The full genome of Staphylococcus sp. was screened for dehalogenase gene and  haloacid dehalogenase gene was detected in the mobile genetic element of the species revealed that the dehalogenase sequence has little identities to the previously reported dehalogenases.The main outcome of the studies suggesting an in situ bioremediation can be regarded as a natural process to detoxify the contaminated sites provided that the microorganisms contained a specialised gene sequence within its genome that served the nature for many long years. Whether microorganisms will be successful in destroying man-made contaminants entirely rely on what types of organisms play a role in in situ bioremediation and which contaminants are most susceptible to bioremediation.Â
卤代化合物如2,2-二氯丙酸因其毒性而闻名，并污染了许多地区，特别是农业活动。本研究的重点是分离和鉴定可以利用柔佛州Lenga棕榈油种植园中的2,2-二氯丙酸的细菌，并对从NCBI数据库中获得的同一属和物种的推定脱卤酶进行了硅分析。采用添加20 mM 2,2-二氯丙酸作为碳源的富集培养基分离细菌。Â细胞在30ËšC处生长，细胞倍增时间为2.00±0.005 h，在A680nm处的最大生长时间为1.047过夜。经部分生化试验和形态学检查，该细菌属于葡萄球菌属。这是首次报道研究Â葡萄球菌具有在2,2-二氯丙酸上生长的能力。对NCBI数据库中同一物种的基因组DNA进行分析，假设其属相同且基因组序列相同。Â对葡萄球菌进行全基因组脱卤酶基因筛选，Â在该物种的移动遗传元件中检测到卤酸脱卤酶基因，结果表明该脱卤酶序列与之前报道的脱卤酶几乎没有同源性。这些研究的主要结果表明，就地生物修复可以被视为一种自然过程，以解毒受污染的地点，前提是微生物在其基因组中包含一个专门的基因序列，该序列可以为自然服务多年。微生物是否能够成功地完全摧毁人造污染物取决于在原位生物修复中发挥作用的生物类型以及哪些污染物最容易受到bioremediation.Â的影响
{"title":"Utilisation of 2,2DCP by Staphyloccocus aureus ZT and In Silico Analysis of Putative Dehalogenase","authors":"Zatty Zawani Zaidi, F. Huyop","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.26322","url":null,"abstract":"Halogenated compound such as 2,2-dichloropropionic acid is known for its toxicity and polluted many areas especially with agricultural activities. This study focused on the isolation and characterization of the bacterium that can utilise 2,2-dichloropropionic acid from palm oil plantation in Lenga, Johor and in silico analysis of putative dehalogenase obtained from NCBI database of the same genus and species. The bacterium was isolated using an enrichment culture media supplemented with 20 mM 2,2-dicholoropropionic acid as a carbon source. The cells were grown at 30˚C with cells doubling time of 2.00±0.005 hours with the maximum growth at A680nm of 1.047 overnight. The partial biochemical tests and morphological examination concluded that the bacterium belongs to the genus Staphylococcus sp.. This is the first reported studies of  Staphylococcus sp. with the ability to grow on 2,2-dichloropropionic acid. The genomic DNA from NCBI database of the same species was analysed assuming the same genus and has identical genomic sequence. The full genome of Staphylococcus sp. was screened for dehalogenase gene and  haloacid dehalogenase gene was detected in the mobile genetic element of the species revealed that the dehalogenase sequence has little identities to the previously reported dehalogenases.The main outcome of the studies suggesting an in situ bioremediation can be regarded as a natural process to detoxify the contaminated sites provided that the microorganisms contained a specialised gene sequence within its genome that served the nature for many long years. Whether microorganisms will be successful in destroying man-made contaminants entirely rely on what types of organisms play a role in in situ bioremediation and which contaminants are most susceptible to bioremediation. ","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45791991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-05DOI: 10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.22539
Amelia Cahya Angelina, E. Yudiati, D. Pringgenies
Sargassum sp. is a known genus of brown seaweed whose dominant component is alginic acid or alginate. Various studies found that alginate having proinflammatory activity, so it may have potential to improve the wound healing process. This study aimed to obtain sodium alginate extract and to know the potency of the sodium alginate extract in incision wound treatment in mice abdomen. Lotion application was performed once a day in a span of five consecutive days. Observation on the wound was carried out to obtain data on blood coagulation, tissue reparation, and fibroblast development rate on the wound using histology. The results showed that the average yield from the Sargassum sp. extraction process was 31.3%. Quality control of the prepared lotion included organoleptic test; light brown coloration, lotion specific odor, semi- solid texture. The acidity of the lotion was measured as 6.61 with 6.731 cp of viscosity. The lotion adhesiveness test showed 0.21 seconds and the lotion was shown to be oil-in-water. Application of the lotion on incision wounds made in the abdomen of rats showed blood coagulation on the first day and onset of wound reparation process on the second day. Wound observation by the third day showed that the inflicted area had undergone a near-complete reparation. The study also showed that on the fifth day of reparation Sargassum sp. extract lotion treatment group showed fibroblast formation, as opposed to the non-extract lotion treatment group. Previous study use alginates as wound dressing material, but in this study alginate used as active ingredient in wound healing treatment. Therefore, this study concludes that sodium alginate in Sargassum sp. seaweed has a potential application in the field of medicine.
{"title":"Potential of Sodium Alginate in Sargassum sp. in Lotion Preparation to Treat Incision Wound in Mice","authors":"Amelia Cahya Angelina, E. Yudiati, D. Pringgenies","doi":"10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.22539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/BIOSAINTIFIKA.V13I1.22539","url":null,"abstract":"Sargassum sp. is a known genus of brown seaweed whose dominant component is alginic acid or alginate. Various studies found that alginate having proinflammatory activity, so it may have potential to improve the wound healing process. This study aimed to obtain sodium alginate extract and to know the potency of the sodium alginate extract in incision wound treatment in mice abdomen. Lotion application was performed once a day in a span of five consecutive days. Observation on the wound was carried out to obtain data on blood coagulation, tissue reparation, and fibroblast development rate on the wound using histology. The results showed that the average yield from the Sargassum sp. extraction process was 31.3%. Quality control of the prepared lotion included organoleptic test; light brown coloration, lotion specific odor, semi- solid texture. The acidity of the lotion was measured as 6.61 with 6.731 cp of viscosity. The lotion adhesiveness test showed 0.21 seconds and the lotion was shown to be oil-in-water. Application of the lotion on incision wounds made in the abdomen of rats showed blood coagulation on the first day and onset of wound reparation process on the second day. Wound observation by the third day showed that the inflicted area had undergone a near-complete reparation. The study also showed that on the fifth day of reparation Sargassum sp. extract lotion treatment group showed fibroblast formation, as opposed to the non-extract lotion treatment group. Previous study use alginates as wound dressing material, but in this study alginate used as active ingredient in wound healing treatment. Therefore, this study concludes that sodium alginate in Sargassum sp. seaweed has a potential application in the field of medicine.","PeriodicalId":30622,"journal":{"name":"Biosaintifika Journal of Biology Biology Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42487290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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