: Many solid wastes from palm oil processing are empty fruit bunches, but their utilization is still limited. o ne of the uses of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches ( OPEFB ) is organic fertilizer. The organic carbon method was verified on organic fertilizer from OPEFB waste using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. This study aims to verify the method of testing organic carbon on OPEFB fertilizer. Determination of carbon content in OPEFB fertilizer refers to the Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC) with the Walkley Black method. The results of the organic carbon test on OPEFB fertilizer show that the correlation coefficient (r) obtained is 100% , and the % RSD value of 0.40% means that the value is below 2/3 CV Horwitz of 4.72. accuracy with a value of 106.99%. The LOD is 2.45, and the LOQ is 8.17. Therefore, the limit value of the instrument is obtained by the LOD value of 2.49 and the LOQ of 8.32; the test results obtained indicate that it has complied with the conditions with acceptance. The test results for determining organic carbon in OPEFB fertilizer using the Walkley Black method showed valid results, so the method can be used to test organic carbon levels in OPEFB fertilizer.
{"title":"Verification of the Walkley Black Method Test for Determination of Organic Carbon Elements in Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch Waste Fertilizer","authors":"Wakhid Khoirul Umar, Fandika Agustiyar, A. Rahma","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i3.7267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i3.7267","url":null,"abstract":": Many solid wastes from palm oil processing are empty fruit bunches, but their utilization is still limited. o ne of the uses of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches ( OPEFB ) is organic fertilizer. The organic carbon method was verified on organic fertilizer from OPEFB waste using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. This study aims to verify the method of testing organic carbon on OPEFB fertilizer. Determination of carbon content in OPEFB fertilizer refers to the Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC) with the Walkley Black method. The results of the organic carbon test on OPEFB fertilizer show that the correlation coefficient (r) obtained is 100% , and the % RSD value of 0.40% means that the value is below 2/3 CV Horwitz of 4.72. accuracy with a value of 106.99%. The LOD is 2.45, and the LOQ is 8.17. Therefore, the limit value of the instrument is obtained by the LOD value of 2.49 and the LOQ of 8.32; the test results obtained indicate that it has complied with the conditions with acceptance. The test results for determining organic carbon in OPEFB fertilizer using the Walkley Black method showed valid results, so the method can be used to test organic carbon levels in OPEFB fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47998480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The possibility of blending acid tar waste with coal as a beneficiation method was explored in this work. It was essential to first establish the material properties of the acid tar and coal samples together with that of the blends in terms of proximate analyses. The acid tar waste to coal blending ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 were used. It was observed that acid tar waste exhibited high volatile and moisture content with low ash and carbon content when compared with coal. When compared with coal; a 3:1 blending ratio exhibited 56.9 % and 7.6 % reduction in ash and fixed carbon respectively and on the contrary a 38.1 % increase in volatile matter was observed. An opposite trend was obtained with 1:3 blend ratio. The 1:1 blend ratio was found to decrease the volatile and ash content by 8.3 % and 52.7 % respectively whilst fixed carbon boosted by 4.2 %. The choice for the blending ratio to apply is a trade-off between fixed carbon and volatile matter. If volatile matter is of any significance then a 3:1 mixture would be ideal; such a mixture will aid in easier ignition of coal. On the other hand a 1:3 binary mixture yields a higher fixed carbon fraction, whose effect is to boost the calorific value of the fuel, an excellent factor for combustion. Overall however, it makes economic sense to blend coal with acid tar waste for enhancing sustainability.
{"title":"Acid Tar Waste Beneficiation Through Blending with Coal","authors":"D. Musademba, D. Simbi, P. K. Kuipa","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i2.6346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i2.6346","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of blending acid tar waste with coal as a beneficiation method was explored in this work. It was essential to first establish the material properties of the acid tar and coal samples together with that of the blends in terms of proximate analyses. The acid tar waste to coal blending ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 were used. It was observed that acid tar waste exhibited high volatile and moisture content with low ash and carbon content when compared with coal. When compared with coal; a 3:1 blending ratio exhibited 56.9 % and 7.6 % reduction in ash and fixed carbon respectively and on the contrary a 38.1 % increase in volatile matter was observed. An opposite trend was obtained with 1:3 blend ratio. The 1:1 blend ratio was found to decrease the volatile and ash content by 8.3 % and 52.7 % respectively whilst fixed carbon boosted by 4.2 %. The choice for the blending ratio to apply is a trade-off between fixed carbon and volatile matter. If volatile matter is of any significance then a 3:1 mixture would be ideal; such a mixture will aid in easier ignition of coal. On the other hand a 1:3 binary mixture yields a higher fixed carbon fraction, whose effect is to boost the calorific value of the fuel, an excellent factor for combustion. Overall however, it makes economic sense to blend coal with acid tar waste for enhancing sustainability.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48234780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wibiana Wulan Nandari, Faizah Hadi, Mitha Puspitasari, Susanti Rina Nugraheni, Titik Mahargiani
{"title":"Modification of Natural Carbolic Acid from Arpus wit Lemongrass Essential oil as a Disinfectant","authors":"Wibiana Wulan Nandari, Faizah Hadi, Mitha Puspitasari, Susanti Rina Nugraheni, Titik Mahargiani","doi":"10.31315/e.v0i0.6036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v0i0.6036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43340618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D.A. Pramudikto, S. Nugroho, Agik Dwika Putra, Ilham Satria Raditya Putra, S. Setyawan, T. Ariyanto
Sea Water Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) reject water produced by PT Cirebon Electric Power has not been optimally utilized. In this research, a study of the characteristics of SWRO reject water was carried out to determine important properties such as turbidity, conductivity, pH and salinity. This characteristic is important as a basis for consideration of SWRO reject water applications. In addition, data were taken from a fairly long period of 5 years of SWRO operation (2016-2021) so that the consistency of the data can be known. The results showed that SWRO reject water had low turbidity (0.18±0.08 NTU), high conductivity of ca. 76.000 µS/cm, neutral pH and high salinity (4.6±0.3%). The study of the utilization of SWRO reject water was then carried out, namely as an electrolyte for salt water lamps and as raw material for making salt. The results showed that SWRO reject water can be used as an electrolyte for salt water lamps which produces a voltage potential up to 1.4 Volts (20% higher than seawater electrolyte). As a raw material for salt, the salt produced has excellent characteristics (eg 99% NaCl) and complies with SNI 3556:2016, except for the KIO3 content.
{"title":"Characteristics and Applications of Sea Water Reverse Osmosis Reject Water of PT Cirebon Electric Power as Voltaic Cell Electrolyte and Salt Raw Material","authors":"D.A. Pramudikto, S. Nugroho, Agik Dwika Putra, Ilham Satria Raditya Putra, S. Setyawan, T. Ariyanto","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i2.5361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i2.5361","url":null,"abstract":"Sea Water Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) reject water produced by PT Cirebon Electric Power has not been optimally utilized. In this research, a study of the characteristics of SWRO reject water was carried out to determine important properties such as turbidity, conductivity, pH and salinity. This characteristic is important as a basis for consideration of SWRO reject water applications. In addition, data were taken from a fairly long period of 5 years of SWRO operation (2016-2021) so that the consistency of the data can be known. The results showed that SWRO reject water had low turbidity (0.18±0.08 NTU), high conductivity of ca. 76.000 µS/cm, neutral pH and high salinity (4.6±0.3%). The study of the utilization of SWRO reject water was then carried out, namely as an electrolyte for salt water lamps and as raw material for making salt. The results showed that SWRO reject water can be used as an electrolyte for salt water lamps which produces a voltage potential up to 1.4 Volts (20% higher than seawater electrolyte). As a raw material for salt, the salt produced has excellent characteristics (eg 99% NaCl) and complies with SNI 3556:2016, except for the KIO3 content.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41432981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Modeling of isotherm and adsorption thermodynamics in this study, leads to the determination of the classification of adsorption isotherms and the determination of the amount of energy and entropy to determine the impeccability of the process. As an adsorbent, a potassium persulfate crosslinked chitosan microcapsule was synthesized through a microencaptulation process using a solvent evaporation method with a carboxy methyl cellulose CMC coating. The characteristics of the chitosan microcapsules that were formed had a degree of deacetylation of 53,92 %, and a bn mutant diameter around 1-100 µm. Test materials used azo methyl orange dyes, which are often found in industrial waste and laboratory waste. Observations were made with variations in the concentration of methyl orange solution 5, 7,5, 10, 12,5, 15, 17,5 and 20 ppm at temperatures of 30, 40 and 50 ° C. calculation results show that the adsorption isotherm model obtained approaches the Langmuir isotherm model. The results of the analysis of temperature effects obtained positive Gibbs energy change values (ΔG) so that the adsorption process takes place non-spontaneously. The values of enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) of 33,86 kJ / mol and 0,0899 kJ / mol.K. This indicates that adsorption occurs chemically adsorption, is endothermic and adsorbat is not completely adsorbed.
{"title":"Isotherm and Adsorption Thermodynamics Cross-Linked Chitosan Microcapsules of Kalium Pershulphate to Methyl Orange Dye","authors":"Endang Sulistyawati, Heni Anggorowati, Nadia Rochmah K.P, Navyta Ariardini","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i2.6163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i2.6163","url":null,"abstract":": Modeling of isotherm and adsorption thermodynamics in this study, leads to the determination of the classification of adsorption isotherms and the determination of the amount of energy and entropy to determine the impeccability of the process. As an adsorbent, a potassium persulfate crosslinked chitosan microcapsule was synthesized through a microencaptulation process using a solvent evaporation method with a carboxy methyl cellulose CMC coating. The characteristics of the chitosan microcapsules that were formed had a degree of deacetylation of 53,92 %, and a bn mutant diameter around 1-100 µm. Test materials used azo methyl orange dyes, which are often found in industrial waste and laboratory waste. Observations were made with variations in the concentration of methyl orange solution 5, 7,5, 10, 12,5, 15, 17,5 and 20 ppm at temperatures of 30, 40 and 50 ° C. calculation results show that the adsorption isotherm model obtained approaches the Langmuir isotherm model. The results of the analysis of temperature effects obtained positive Gibbs energy change values (ΔG) so that the adsorption process takes place non-spontaneously. The values of enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) of 33,86 kJ / mol and 0,0899 kJ / mol.K. This indicates that adsorption occurs chemically adsorption, is endothermic and adsorbat is not completely adsorbed.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47126980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siswanti Siswanti, Ratri Saviatri, Jeremy Adi Pratama
The Aedes sp mosquito is a vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and chikungunya which are still commonly found in Indonesia. To control DHF, natural insecticides from plants can be used. Zodia plants (Evodia suaveolens) can be used as natural insecticides because they contain essential oils that mosquitoes do not like. To obtain oleoresin with optimal quality and quantity, extraction can be carried out using ultrasonic waves. To design an efficient extractor, mass transfer coefficient data is needed. Until now, the data is still difficult to obtain. The experiment was carried out using an ultrasonic cleaner, by observing the concentration of oleoresin for various leaf mass ratios of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 grams, extracted with 300 mL ethanol for 900 seconds. Concentration observations were also carried out for a time variation of 90 - 900 seconds, with 90 seconds intervals. The best extraction results were tested using GC-MS, to determine the components in the oleoresin. To determine the mass transfer coefficient (Kc) is to make a relationship between concentration and time for the best ratio of leaf weight and ethanol volume.Based on research that has been done with 300 mL of ethanol and extraction time of 900 seconds, the highest concentration was 0.0120 gr/mL, for the experiment using a leaf weight of 12 gr. The largest percentage (%) of oleoresin that could be extracted was 88.5%, for the experiment the leaf weight was 2 g. The optimum mass transfer coefficient (Kc) is 0.161088 1/minute. These data were obtained for the experiment of the relationship between concentration and time. Oleoresin from Zodia leaves contains 20.61% nerolidol. This compound has effectiveness as a mosquito repellent.
{"title":"Mass Transfer Coefficient Extraction of Oleoresin from Zodia Leaf (Evodia suaveolens) with Ethanol Solvent Using Ultrasonic Cleaner","authors":"Siswanti Siswanti, Ratri Saviatri, Jeremy Adi Pratama","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i2.7286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i2.7286","url":null,"abstract":"The Aedes sp mosquito is a vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and chikungunya which are still commonly found in Indonesia. To control DHF, natural insecticides from plants can be used. Zodia plants (Evodia suaveolens) can be used as natural insecticides because they contain essential oils that mosquitoes do not like. To obtain oleoresin with optimal quality and quantity, extraction can be carried out using ultrasonic waves. To design an efficient extractor, mass transfer coefficient data is needed. Until now, the data is still difficult to obtain. The experiment was carried out using an ultrasonic cleaner, by observing the concentration of oleoresin for various leaf mass ratios of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 grams, extracted with 300 mL ethanol for 900 seconds. Concentration observations were also carried out for a time variation of 90 - 900 seconds, with 90 seconds intervals. The best extraction results were tested using GC-MS, to determine the components in the oleoresin. To determine the mass transfer coefficient (Kc) is to make a relationship between concentration and time for the best ratio of leaf weight and ethanol volume.Based on research that has been done with 300 mL of ethanol and extraction time of 900 seconds, the highest concentration was 0.0120 gr/mL, for the experiment using a leaf weight of 12 gr. The largest percentage (%) of oleoresin that could be extracted was 88.5%, for the experiment the leaf weight was 2 g. The optimum mass transfer coefficient (Kc) is 0.161088 1/minute. These data were obtained for the experiment of the relationship between concentration and time. Oleoresin from Zodia leaves contains 20.61% nerolidol. This compound has effectiveness as a mosquito repellent.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Jaya, T. W. Widayati, Singgih Adi Nugroho, Firda Ellysa
Electricity consumption expands every year. However, in Indonesia, electricity is still highly dependent on conventional energy sources such as coal. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of the alternative inventions that consists of a series of tools which converts chemical energy into electrical energy in the presence of microbial metabolism. In addition to produce electrical energy, it may also help to solve environmental issues by dealing with waste. This research was purposed to investigate the potency of Chinese food restaurant waste as substrate to generate electricity in microbial fuel cell. The research was done in three stages: wastewater preparation, assembly of MFC tools in various circuits, and running MFC processes. Results showed that the best electrical average (1.02 V) was found in the treatment system without active sludge. The best circuit was in the system in 4 series, which obtained a maximum voltage of 3.76 V and the largest power density of 62.66 mW/m2. In addition, with the addition of active sludge, biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater could be lowered up to 29.27%, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) up to 51.58%. Total suspended solid (TSS) could be decreased up to 49% on the sample withoud sludge addition.
{"title":"The Effect of Adding Activated Sludge and Types of Series Circuit Systems Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Using Chinese Food Restaurant Wastewater","authors":"D. Jaya, T. W. Widayati, Singgih Adi Nugroho, Firda Ellysa","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i1.6479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i1.6479","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity consumption expands every year. However, in Indonesia, electricity is still highly dependent on conventional energy sources such as coal. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of the alternative inventions that consists of a series of tools which converts chemical energy into electrical energy in the presence of microbial metabolism. In addition to produce electrical energy, it may also help to solve environmental issues by dealing with waste. This research was purposed to investigate the potency of Chinese food restaurant waste as substrate to generate electricity in microbial fuel cell. The research was done in three stages: wastewater preparation, assembly of MFC tools in various circuits, and running MFC processes. Results showed that the best electrical average (1.02 V) was found in the treatment system without active sludge. The best circuit was in the system in 4 series, which obtained a maximum voltage of 3.76 V and the largest power density of 62.66 mW/m2. In addition, with the addition of active sludge, biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater could be lowered up to 29.27%, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) up to 51.58%. Total suspended solid (TSS) could be decreased up to 49% on the sample withoud sludge addition.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48995847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zubaidi Achmad, Abdullah Kunta Arsa, B. Alfitamara, Alfia Virgiandini
Renewable energy becomes a hot issue on the decrease of fossil energy reserves that can not be renewed. To answer the challenge of the availability of these energy a study was performed in a high-temperature cracking process from pine wood to obtain fuel oil or so-called pyrolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield, physical properties, and the calorific value of the pyrolysis results. Pyrolysis process is done by varying the percentage of mordenite-type zeolite catalyst as much as 0% b/b, 2% b/b, and 4% b/b, with a mass of 100 grams of pine wood that passes sieving each sample to 50 mesh. Before use, the catalysts physically activated by heating at a temperature of 500°C and chemically activated using HCl to enhance the activity of the zeolite. Pyrolysis carried out at 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, and 550°C. After the analysis, bio-oil obtained optimum yield of 43.77142% by mass of the catalyst 4% b/b and a temperature of 500 °C. Physical properties obtained in the form of density 1.094723 g/ml, 2.96 cP viscosity, and 58°C flash point. While the highest calorific value on the condition of the catalyst 4% and the reaction temperature 550°C is 26045.50 kJ/kg.
{"title":"Renewable Energy from Pyrolysis of Pine Wood with Zeolite Catalyst","authors":"Zubaidi Achmad, Abdullah Kunta Arsa, B. Alfitamara, Alfia Virgiandini","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i1.4564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i1.4564","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy becomes a hot issue on the decrease of fossil energy reserves that can not be renewed. To answer the challenge of the availability of these energy a study was performed in a high-temperature cracking process from pine wood to obtain fuel oil or so-called pyrolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield, physical properties, and the calorific value of the pyrolysis results. Pyrolysis process is done by varying the percentage of mordenite-type zeolite catalyst as much as 0% b/b, 2% b/b, and 4% b/b, with a mass of 100 grams of pine wood that passes sieving each sample to 50 mesh. Before use, the catalysts physically activated by heating at a temperature of 500°C and chemically activated using HCl to enhance the activity of the zeolite. Pyrolysis carried out at 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, and 550°C. After the analysis, bio-oil obtained optimum yield of 43.77142% by mass of the catalyst 4% b/b and a temperature of 500 °C. Physical properties obtained in the form of density 1.094723 g/ml, 2.96 cP viscosity, and 58°C flash point. While the highest calorific value on the condition of the catalyst 4% and the reaction temperature 550°C is 26045.50 kJ/kg.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44747014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition is one of the factors that affect the growth of Spirulina platensis. The cultivation medium proposed by Raoof is a modified version of Zarrouk medium. Raoof medium requires less nutrients than Zarrouk medium but the biomass produced is almost the same. This study was conducted to vary the concentration of NaNO3 of 0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 g/L in Raoof medium to study its effect on growth and biomass composition of S. platensis. At each concentration of NaNO3 of 0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 g/L obtained the highest biomass concentration of 0.6425; 0.6455; 0.6745; 0,5193 g/L on days 12, 12, 12, 10. Concentration of NaNO3 of 2.5 g/L resulted in the highest specific growth rate of 0.1371/day and the lowest double time of 5.0566 days. In general, increasing the concentration of NaNO3 from 0.5 to 2.5 g/L increased the protein content from 33.30 to 36.98%. The addition of higher NaNO3 (3.5 g/L) actually decreased the protein content to 35.52%.
{"title":"Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi NaNO3 pada Medium Raoof terhadap Kultivasi Spirulina Platensis","authors":"Iqbal Syaichurrozi, Wardalia Wardalia, Sharfan Dwicahyanto, Yustinus Selis Toron","doi":"10.31315/e.v19i1.6581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v19i1.6581","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrition is one of the factors that affect the growth of Spirulina platensis. The cultivation medium proposed by Raoof is a modified version of Zarrouk medium. Raoof medium requires less nutrients than Zarrouk medium but the biomass produced is almost the same. This study was conducted to vary the concentration of NaNO3 of 0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 g/L in Raoof medium to study its effect on growth and biomass composition of S. platensis. At each concentration of NaNO3 of 0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 g/L obtained the highest biomass concentration of 0.6425; 0.6455; 0.6745; 0,5193 g/L on days 12, 12, 12, 10. Concentration of NaNO3 of 2.5 g/L resulted in the highest specific growth rate of 0.1371/day and the lowest double time of 5.0566 days. In general, increasing the concentration of NaNO3 from 0.5 to 2.5 g/L increased the protein content from 33.30 to 36.98%. The addition of higher NaNO3 (3.5 g/L) actually decreased the protein content to 35.52%.","PeriodicalId":30703,"journal":{"name":"Eksergi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47225559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Jaya, Tunjung Wahyu Widayati, Hanum Salsabiela, Muhammad Fathan Abdul Majid
The world's oil reserves are running low, which makes the government also implement a mandatory B30 policy starting in early 2020. With this policy, it is necessary to develop energy by utilizing renewable energy such as vegetable oil that can be converted into biodiesel. Waste cooking oil is one of the vegetable oils that has the potential to be processed into biodiesel because the use of waste cooking oil in Indonesia is still not developed. In this study, we report the yield of biodiesel from waste cooking oil with variations in the ratio of the number of moles and weight of heterogeneous catalysts. Biodiesel is made by esterification and transesterification with a heterogeneous catalyst (CaO), then a separation process is carried out to separate the biodiesel produced from the by-product in the form of glycerol. The separated biodiesel is then analyzed for density, viscosity, flash point, and pour point. The results showed that the best biodiesel was at a mole ratio of 1:24 with 3% CaO catalyst. Based on the analysis data, this biodiesel has the largest yield of 72.49% with a viscosity value of 4.9806 cSt, a flash point value of 72.5 oC, a pour point value of 0 oC, and a density value of 0.8662 g/ml and calorific value. 8837,302 cal/gram. With the results of the analysis, that are in accordance with the quality standards of SNI 7182:2015.
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