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Standardizing Differences? Standards for Intercultural Competence in Formal Education 标准化差异?正规教育中的跨文化能力标准
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/vh.26.1.249-265
A. Jovanovic
The importance intercultural communicative competence plays in contemporary education of foreign languages has provided the latter with an approach that is frequently termed intercultural education. Nevertheless, the topic is still quite controversial, to say the least, and especially so in respect to issues related with the evaluation of intercultural communicative competence. In addition to the difficulties of defining the concept and criteria for its evaluation, we need to address the fundamental question of whether it is possible to evaluate intercultural competence at all, and, if this is the case, whether it is moral to do so. Here we explore the case of Serbia and a project whose goal was to define the standards of competence for foreign languages in formal primary education. As a member of the working group, and thus with the privilege of an insider’s perspective, I analyse the steps that were followed in the development of the standards for intercultural competence. This auto-ethnographic exposition aims at offering a critical analysis of intercultural competence in the curricular documents of foreign languages, but also at providing a space for reflection and self-evaluation.
跨文化交际能力在当代外语教育中的重要性为外语教育提供了一种通常被称为跨文化教育的方法。尽管如此,至少可以说,这个话题仍然很有争议,尤其是在与跨文化交际能力评估相关的问题上。除了界定评估概念和标准的困难之外,我们还需要解决一个根本问题,即是否有可能评估跨文化能力,如果是这样,这样做是否合乎道德。在这里,我们探讨了塞尔维亚的情况和一个项目,该项目的目标是确定正规初等教育中外语能力的标准。作为工作组的一员,因此我有幸从内部人士的角度分析了在制定跨文化能力标准方面所采取的步骤。本次民族志展览旨在对外语课程文件中的跨文化能力进行批判性分析,同时也为反思和自我评价提供了空间。
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引用次数: 0
Semantic and Pragmatic Analysis of the Future Tense in the Tragedy A Castro 卡斯特罗悲剧中将来时的语义和语用分析
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.233-246
Mojca Medvedšek, Blažka Müller Pograjc
This article aims to present the characteristics and functioning of the illocutionary acts in the tragedy A Castro by António Ferreira (1528-1569), which are marked as a series of decisions, expressed as predictions of the speaker (the protagonist, Pedro Infante) belonging to the sphere of the future. This future is known, historically proven and represents one of the most astonishing chapters of Portuguese history as well as of literary production. The study focuses on the final monologue of the Act V of the tragedy, which presents a strong dramatic potential, analysing the two sequences of the monologue and highlighting different types of illocutionary acts (Searle, 1979; Gouveia, 1996; Atienza, 2005). The authors pay special attention to the relation of the speaker towards the propositional content and the pragmatic features of the linguistic means, used to persuade the receiver that the speaker’s intentions are firm, certain, and orientated to the future, although not realized within the dramatic time of tragedy.
本文旨在介绍安东尼奥·费雷拉(1528-1569)的悲剧《卡斯特罗》中言外行为的特征和功能,这些行为被标记为一系列决定,表达为说话人(主人公佩德罗·因凡特)对未来领域的预测。这个未来是众所周知的,历史证明了这一点,它代表了葡萄牙历史和文学创作中最令人惊叹的篇章之一。这项研究的重点是悲剧第五幕的最后一段独白,它具有很强的戏剧潜力,分析了独白的两个序列,并强调了不同类型的言外行为(Searle,1979;Gouveia,1996;Atienza,2005)。作者特别关注说话人与命题内容的关系和语言手段的语用特征,用来说服接受者,说话人的意图是坚定的、确定的、面向未来的,尽管在悲剧的戏剧性时期没有实现。
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引用次数: 0
El serbio, una muestra para lenguas sin artículo determinado 塞尔维亚语,没有特定文章的语言样本
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.276-279
Gemma Santiago Alonso
La monografía El serbio, una muestra para lenguas sin artículo determinado, publicada en la editorial Studio strugar editores, supone una valiosa contribución para el procesamiento del artículo en español para aprendientes cuya lengua materna no cuenta con artículo y para la enseñanza/aprendizaje del artículo en español como lengua extranjera en tanto que identifica y describe los usos del artículo de español más complejos de adquirir. Este libro está especialmente dirigido a profesores y estudiantes de lenguas extranjeras, ya que responde al reto que supone la enseñanza/aprendizaje de una forma gramatical como es el artículo en nativos que carecen de esta marca gramatical.
专著对塞尔维亚,是衡量语言没有明确的文章,发表在Studio strugar出版社编辑、提供了一个宝贵的英文条处理aprendientes母语不是有条和教学/学习篇在西班牙语作为外语既列出并描述了更复杂的菜单条购买使用。这本书是专门为外语教师和学生设计的,因为它解决了在没有语法标记的母语人士中教授/学习语法形式的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Simple Future of Spanish. Natural System Versus Cultivated Uses 西班牙语的简单未来。自然系统与栽培用途
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.15-33
M. V. Escandell-Vidal
The aim of this paper is to show that the attested diversity of interpretations of the Spanish simple future does not result from an inherent polysemy, but rather from the coexistence of two different systems being “visible” at the same time: an active, fully productive system (natural system), and a set of non-active uses, which survive from an ancient system no longer in force (cultivated uses). To this end, the paper examines data from first language acquisition patterns, frequency, distributional restrictions, range of usage, and interpretation routes. The distinction suggested is a crucial requirement for a monosemic approach to the semantics of the Spanish simple future cast in evidential terms – one that can make evident its internal logic and synchronic properties.
本文的目的是表明,对西班牙简单未来的解释的多样性并非源于固有的多义性,而是源于同时“可见”的两个不同系统的共存:一个活跃的、充分生产的系统(自然系统)和一组非活跃的用途,它们从一个不再有效的古老系统中幸存下来(栽培用途)。为此,本文考察了第一语言习得模式、频率、分布限制、使用范围和解释途径等方面的数据。所提出的区别是用证据术语对西班牙语简单未来的语义进行单主位处理的关键要求——一种可以证明其内部逻辑和共时性的方法。
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引用次数: 4
Courtesy and Degree of Strength in a Realization of Face-Threatening Acts in Spanish 礼貌与力度在西班牙语面部威胁行为中的实现
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.57-78
Nuria Campos Carrasco
The determination of the types of speech acts that can be executed in relation to different languages ​​has been studied inside and outside the boundaries of Spanish. There have been many attempts to realize taxonomies of speech acts connected to basic schemes of expression, and these attempts of classification and structure determination are normally focused on lists of verbs without providing the main structures that languages use to express speech acts. In the development of this work we will propose tools to clearly show what is meant by speech act and by its types and, finally, we will provide a taxonomy of general structures for the expression of illocutionary directive acts of speech in Spanish.
确定可针对不同语言执行的言语行为类型​​已经在西班牙语的边界内外进行了研究。已经有许多尝试实现与基本表达方案相关的言语行为分类,这些分类和结构确定的尝试通常集中在动词列表上,而没有提供语言用来表达言语行为的主要结构。在这项工作的发展过程中,我们将提出一些工具来清楚地表明言语行为的含义及其类型,最后,我们将为西班牙语中言语的言外指示行为的表达提供一个一般结构的分类法。
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引用次数: 0
The Focus in Spanish Language: Definition Problems and Syntactic Manifestations 西班牙语的焦点:定义问题和句法表现
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.165-192
Vita Veselko
The field of information structure, a meeting point of pragmatics with the traditional linguistic disciplines, is nowadays facing many terminological inconsistencies which hinder its theoretical consolidation, and the resulting practical application of its analytical models to concrete linguistic manifestations. The present article aims to revise the different conceptions of one of the central terms of this linguistic discipline, the focus, to contribute to its terminological elucidation. After presenting the existing definitions of focus as a pragmatic function, the author proceeds to analyse the information structure of its syntactic manifestations in concrete communicative situations in an attempt to determine how the assignment of this pragmatic function is conditioned by the degree of newness of the information, and what its relationship with the notion of contrast is. The study thus concludes with an outline proposal of a possible redefinition of the term and its main distinctive features.
信息结构领域作为语用学与传统语言学的交汇点,目前面临着许多术语不一致的问题,这阻碍了它的理论巩固,也阻碍了它的分析模型在具体语言表现中的实际应用。本文旨在对这门语言学科的核心术语之一“焦点”的不同概念进行修正,以有助于对其术语的阐释。在对聚焦作为一种语用功能的现有定义进行梳理之后,作者进一步分析了聚焦在具体交际情境中的句法表现形式的信息结构,试图确定聚焦的语用功能的分配是如何受到信息的新颖性的制约的,以及它与对比概念的关系。因此,本研究最后提出了重新定义该术语及其主要特点的概要建议。
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引用次数: 1
The Use of Politeness at the Beginning and End of Acceptance Speeches for the Cervantes Prize 塞万提斯奖获奖感言前后礼貌的运用
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.79-98
Rosa Martín Gascueña
This study focuses on the politeness used in the acceptance speeches of all winners of the Cervantes Prize, since its origins in 1976 until 2017. The objective is to carry out a quantitative and qualitative study to verify if the use of the forms of politeness at the beginning and end of these acceptance discourses is related to some sociolinguistic variables, such as the origin of the author, sex, and ideology, and if diachronic changes have taken place. The research methodology is based on three notions: discourse, courtesy and gender. We start from a pragmatic and interactive approach to discourse, conceived as a linguistic cognitive process and as a social linguistic product (Van Dijk 2012). Regarding politeness from a functional point of view is an individual and group identity strategy, which highlights the social image of a person and reinforces the individual one (Bravo 2004), it is also the backbone of these discourses. They respond to a prototypical model (Bajtin, 1982) of protocolar discourse, written to be read in front of an institutional audience that recognizes its literary and professional value. All these discourses have in common semantic-pragmatic characteristics, although the fact of being elaborated by masters of the language and literature of Spain and Latin America makes them personal, original and unique.
本研究的重点是塞万提斯奖自1976年设立以来至2017年所有获奖者的获奖感言中使用的礼貌。目的是进行定量和定性研究,以验证在这些接受话语的开始和结束时礼貌形式的使用是否与一些社会语言学变量有关,如作者的起源、性别和意识形态,以及是否发生了历时性变化。研究方法基于三个概念:话语、礼貌和性别。我们从语用和互动的话语方法开始,将其视为语言认知过程和社会语言产品(Van Dijk 2012)。从功能的角度来看,礼貌是一种个人和群体的身份认同策略,它突出了一个人的社会形象,并加强了个人形象(Bravo 2004),它也是这些话语的支柱。他们对协议话语的原型模型(Bajtin, 1982)做出了回应,协议话语是为了在认可其文学和专业价值的机构观众面前阅读而写的。所有这些话语都具有共同的语义语用特征,尽管它们都是由西班牙和拉丁美洲的语言文学大师精心阐述的,这使得它们具有个人的、原创的和独特的特点。
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引用次数: 0
Cognición y sociedad : los tratamientos en los albores del feudalismo : "señor" y las fórmulas honoríficas con "-ísimo" 认知与社会:封建主义初期的处理:“senor”与“- simo”的敬语公式
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.193-209
A. Zieliński
espanol Gracias a los avances en la semantica cognitiva, los filologos disponemos de las herramientas necesarias para comprobar que la categorizacion del mundo en clases de objetos (sustantivos), propiedades (adjetivos) o eventos, actividades y procesos (verbos) ayuda a los miembros de una comunidad linguistica a organizar en el seno de su propia cultura no solo el mundo, sino tambien su percepcion y conocimiento. Slovenscina Studija se poglobi v izvor dveh ogovornih formul: naslova senor, iz senior ‘starejsi’, in formul s presežnisko pripono -isimo, ki sta tesno povezani z vzpostavitvijo fevdalizma, novega družbenega modela, za katerega je znacilna vertikalna družbena ureditev, ki sovpada s kolicinsko lestvico, lastno stopnjevalnim oblikam. Obe ogovorni formuli se ravnata po konceptualni metafori vec je zgoraj. English The objective of this study is to delve into the origin of two treatment formulas: senor, from senior “older”, and those with the superlative suffix. Both are very closely linked to the imposition of a new social model, feudalism, which is characterized by organizing itself on a vertical social scale, coinciding with the scale of quantification characteristic of degree expressions. In both acts the conceptual metaphor is more is up.
西班牙通过认知semantica进展,filologos拥有必要的工具以确保世界categorizacion类物品(实质性),属性(形容词)或事件、活动和程序(动词)帮助一个社区的成员linguistica安排在自己的文化不仅世界,也是percepcion和知识。第五号poglobi之Slovenscina Studija资料dveh ogovornih formul:高级naslova先生,登陆点‘starejsi, in formul s presežnisko pripono -isimo, ki sta tesno povezani z vzpostavitvijo fevdalizma, novega družbenega modela za katerega哈znacilna vertikalna družbena ureditev, ki sovpada s kolicinsko lestvico, lastno stopnjevalnim oblikam。这是一个很好的公式,可以用一个简单的比喻来解释。English The目标of this study is to delve into The origin of two待遇formulas:高级的先生,“老”,和那些with The superlative suffix。两者都与强加一种新的社会模式——封建主义密切相关,封建主义的特点是将自己组织成一个垂直的社会尺度,与程度表达的量化特征的尺度相一致。在这两种行为中,概念的象征都是更高的。
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引用次数: 1
Diccionario de colombianismos 哥伦比亚语词典
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4312/VH.26.1.269-271
Jasmina Markič
En abril de 2018 el Instituto Caro y Cuervo, con el apoyo de la Academia Colombiana de la Lengua y del Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia, publica 3000 ejemplares de un ejemplar diccionario de colombianismos titulado Diccionario de Colombianismos (Dicol), que actualmente cuenta ya con una segunda edición. Esta obra continúa la larga y rica tradición lexicográfica del Instituto Caro y Cuervo (ICC) de Bogotá representada por el monumental Diccionario de construcción y régimen de la lengua castellana (1872-1998) iniciado por Rufino José Cuervo y concluido por el ICC, el Atlas Lingüístico-Etnográfico de Colombia (ALEC) (1981-1983), el Nuevo Diccionario de Colombianismos (1993) de Günter Haensch y Reinhold Werner y la labor de numerosos investigadores del Instituto Caro y Cuervo y egresados del seminario Andrés Bello. La realización del diccionario que se llevó a cabo entre 2015 y 2017 fue liderada por las investigadoras en el campo de la lingüística Nancy Rozo Melo (Coordinadora del ICC) y María Clara Henríquez Guarín (Coordinadora Académica).
2018年4月,Caro y Cuervo研究所在哥伦比亚语言学院和哥伦比亚文化部的支持下,出版了3000本哥伦比亚语词典,名为《哥伦比亚语词典》(Dicol),目前已经有第二版。这个剧本继续长期而丰富的lexicográfica传统昂贵和波哥大乌鸦(国际商会)研究所由怪异的制度建设和西班牙语词典(1872-1998)Rufino jose乌鸦及签署成立国际刑事法院,Lingüístico-Etnográfico图册哥伦比亚(艾力克)(1981-1983)、gunter Haensch和Reinhold Werner的新哥伦比亚词典(1993),以及Caro y Cuervo研究所的许多研究人员和andres Bello神学院的毕业生的工作。该词典于2015年至2017年完成,由语言学领域的研究人员Nancy Rozo Melo (ICC协调员)和maria Clara henriquez guarin(学术协调员)领导。
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引用次数: 3
"Esbozos, de capítulos posibles, a lo sumo": traición y reescritura en dos novelas argentinas con colofón de un escritor húngaro “草图,可能的章节,最多”:背叛和重写在两个阿根廷小说与匈牙利作家的封面
Pub Date : 2017-12-08 DOI: 10.4312/VH.25.1.183-196
Dóra Bakucz
The paper proposes an interdisciplinary and intercultural analysis by comparing two Argentine novels, Liliana Heker’s The End of the Story, and Leopoldo Brizuela’s The Same Night, by. Starting from a psychoanalytic investigation on how language is affected by traumatic experiences, we study the consequences and possible ways of textualizing the process of assimilating or elaborating experiences connected to the Dirty War in Argentina in both cases. If we consider narration in the third person by an omniscient narrator as the classic form of narration, a particularly unorthodox form would be that of the Hungarian Nobel Prize winner, Imre Kertesz, in his last book where he explore the possibility and impossibility of reflecting our reality and sets about writing the story of a novel that he cannot be written as a last protest against those forces that have taken away not only his fate but also that of many others.
本文通过比较两部阿根廷小说——莉莉安娜·赫克的《故事的结局》和莱奥波尔多·布里苏埃拉的《同一个夜晚》,提出了跨学科和跨文化的分析。从精神分析研究语言如何受到创伤经历的影响开始,我们研究了在阿根廷这两种情况下,吸收或阐述与肮脏战争有关的经历的过程的后果和可能的方法。如果我们考虑在第三人称叙述由一个无所不知的叙述者作为经典的叙事形式,特别是非常规形式将匈牙利的诺贝尔奖得主,Imre安德烈•柯特兹,在他最后一本书,他探索的可能和不可能的反映我们的现实和集写的故事不能写成一本小说,他最后一个抗议的力量带走不仅他的命运,而且许多其他人。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Verba Hispanica
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