I. G. K. Suarjana, I. K. T. P. Gelgel, I. N. Kerta Besung, Hapsari Mahatmi, Putu H Sudipa
Bali cattle are native Indonesian cattle germplasm which must be preserved and cultivated. The research aims to determine the pH characteristics and number of microbes in the reticulum, omasum and abomasum of Bali cattle. The research sample was the stomach contents of the reticulum, omasum and abomasum of clinically healthy Bali cattle slaughtered at the slaughterhouse, Pesanggaran, Denpasar. Samples were taken aseptically from 30 cows. This research is observational with a cross-sectional study design. The number of bacterial and fungal colony populations was calculated using the pour plate method on nutrient agar plates and Sabouraud dextrose agar plates, respectively. The population of Enterobacteriaceae bacterial colonies was counted using the scatter method on Eosin Methylen Blue agar plates. pH measurements in cow stomach contents were carried out using pH indicator strips. The research data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average pH of the reticulum, omasum and abomasum were 7,66; 6,50 and 5,26. The average total bacteria or ALTB in the reticulum, omasum and abomasum were 18,53 x 106 CFU/gr, 21,43 x 106 CFU/gr and 26,73 x 106 CFU/gr; the fungal population was 7,10 x 105 CFU/gr, 4,56 x 105 CFU/gr and 2,83 x 105 CFU/gr; Coliform counts were 60,03 x 103 CFU/gr, 57,70 x 103 CFU/gr and 61,60 x 103 CFU/gr; the number of non-Coliforms was 49,00 x 103 CFU/gr, 45,53 x 103 CFU/gr and 41,46 x 103 CFU/gr, the number of E.coli respectively 20,70 x 103 CFU/gr, 22, 83 x 103 CFU/gr and 22,86 x 103 CFU/gr.
巴厘牛是印尼本土牛种质，必须加以保护和培育。本研究旨在确定巴厘牛胃网膜、乳头和腹腔的 pH 值特征和微生物数量。研究样本是在登巴萨省 Pesanggaran 市屠宰场屠宰的临床健康巴厘牛的胃网、大肠和腹腔内容物。从 30 头牛身上无菌采集了样本。本研究为横断面观察研究设计。在营养琼脂平板和沙保露葡萄糖琼脂平板上分别使用倒平板法计算细菌和真菌菌落数量。使用 pH 指示条测量牛胃内容物的 pH 值。对研究数据进行了描述性分析。结果显示，网胃、大肠和腹腔的平均 pH 值分别为 7.66、6.50 和 5.26。网胃、外胃和腹腔中的细菌总数或 ALTB 平均值分别为 18,53 x 106 CFU/gr、21,43 x 106 CFU/gr 和 26,73 x 106 CFU/gr；真菌数量分别为 7,10 x 105 CFU/gr、4,56 x 105 CFU/gr 和 2,83 x 105 CFU/gr；大肠菌群数量分别为 60,03 x 103 CFU/gr、57,70 x 103 CFU/gr 和 61,60 x 103 CFU/gr；非大肠菌群数量分别为 49,00 x 103 CFU/gr、45,53 x 103 CFU/gr 和 41,46 x 103 CFU/gr，大肠埃希氏菌数量分别为 20,70 x 103 CFU/gr 和 20,70 x 103 CFU/gr。大肠杆菌数量分别为 20,70 x 103 CFU/gr、22,83 x 103 CFU/gr 和 22,86 x 103 CFU/gr。
{"title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF PH AND NUMBER OF MICROBES IN THE RETICULUM, OMASUM AND ABOMASUM OF BALI CATTLE","authors":"I. G. K. Suarjana, I. K. T. P. Gelgel, I. N. Kerta Besung, Hapsari Mahatmi, Putu H Sudipa","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.111","url":null,"abstract":"Bali cattle are native Indonesian cattle germplasm which must be preserved and cultivated. The research aims to determine the pH characteristics and number of microbes in the reticulum, omasum and abomasum of Bali cattle. The research sample was the stomach contents of the reticulum, omasum and abomasum of clinically healthy Bali cattle slaughtered at the slaughterhouse, Pesanggaran, Denpasar. Samples were taken aseptically from 30 cows. This research is observational with a cross-sectional study design. The number of bacterial and fungal colony populations was calculated using the pour plate method on nutrient agar plates and Sabouraud dextrose agar plates, respectively. The population of Enterobacteriaceae bacterial colonies was counted using the scatter method on Eosin Methylen Blue agar plates. pH measurements in cow stomach contents were carried out using pH indicator strips. The research data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average pH of the reticulum, omasum and abomasum were 7,66; 6,50 and 5,26. The average total bacteria or ALTB in the reticulum, omasum and abomasum were 18,53 x 106 CFU/gr, 21,43 x 106 CFU/gr and 26,73 x 106 CFU/gr; the fungal population was 7,10 x 105 CFU/gr, 4,56 x 105 CFU/gr and 2,83 x 105 CFU/gr; Coliform counts were 60,03 x 103 CFU/gr, 57,70 x 103 CFU/gr and 61,60 x 103 CFU/gr; the number of non-Coliforms was 49,00 x 103 CFU/gr, 45,53 x 103 CFU/gr and 41,46 x 103 CFU/gr, the number of E.coli respectively 20,70 x 103 CFU/gr, 22, 83 x 103 CFU/gr and 22,86 x 103 CFU/gr.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"899 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious disease in dogs that attacks the digestive tract. This disease is caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), belonging to the Parvoviridae family. This virus causes the highest mortality in dogs under six months of age. This virus has a very high mortality and morbidity rate, especially in dogs that have not been vaccinated. This literature review discusses the pathogenesis of CPV, the clinical symptoms that can be caused, how to diagnose, the prevalence of CPV cases, therapy, and vaccination to prevent transmission of canine parvovirus. The method used is literature study by collecting and summarizing references relevant to the topic. Based on this literature review, the results obtained include that canine parvovirus infection can occur directly or indirectly and CPV will show various clinical symptoms, namely the type of myocarditis and the type of enteritis. Common methods used to help confirm a diagnosis include anatomical pathology examinations and laboratory diagnostic examinations in the form of blood hematology examinations, test kits, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Fluorescent Antibody Technique (FAT), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Based on the prevalence of CPV cases, it is known that CPV mostly attacks dogs aged 0-6 months. Therapy for CPV sufferers is only symptomatic and supportive. Vaccination is the main way to avoid CPV disease. It is hoped that more research on CPV will be carried out so that insight into CPV is easier to obtain and can become a lesson for the future.
{"title":"CANINE PARVOVIRUS INFECTION IN DOGS: PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS, PREVALENCE, THERAPY, AND VACCINATION","authors":"Puti Nirmala Sari, Andini Hiskia Br Saragih, Anggi Br Pasaribu, Fajar Budi Lestari","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.110","url":null,"abstract":"Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious disease in dogs that attacks the digestive tract. This disease is caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), belonging to the Parvoviridae family. This virus causes the highest mortality in dogs under six months of age. This virus has a very high mortality and morbidity rate, especially in dogs that have not been vaccinated. This literature review discusses the pathogenesis of CPV, the clinical symptoms that can be caused, how to diagnose, the prevalence of CPV cases, therapy, and vaccination to prevent transmission of canine parvovirus. The method used is literature study by collecting and summarizing references relevant to the topic. Based on this literature review, the results obtained include that canine parvovirus infection can occur directly or indirectly and CPV will show various clinical symptoms, namely the type of myocarditis and the type of enteritis. Common methods used to help confirm a diagnosis include anatomical pathology examinations and laboratory diagnostic examinations in the form of blood hematology examinations, test kits, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Fluorescent Antibody Technique (FAT), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Based on the prevalence of CPV cases, it is known that CPV mostly attacks dogs aged 0-6 months. Therapy for CPV sufferers is only symptomatic and supportive. Vaccination is the main way to avoid CPV disease. It is hoped that more research on CPV will be carried out so that insight into CPV is easier to obtain and can become a lesson for the future.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of a dose limit of green meniran leaf extract (Phylanthus niruri Linn) must be known for its safety which is supported by research results. The aims of this research to determine the acute lethal dose (LD50) toxicity and to examine the macropathological changes in the vital organs of mice. A total of 30 male mice and 30 female mice were divided into five groups and six replicates. Experimental mice in the control group (K) were given 0.9% NaCl, while those given meniran extract at doses of 50, 300, 2000 and 5000mg/KgBW were grouped as treatments. The preparation was given orally once and then the observations were made in the first 30 minutes after giving the preparation and periodically every 4 hours for the first 24 hours and once a day then the mice were observed for clinical symptoms, mortality and body weight. At the end of the study (day 14), the experimental mice were sacrificed for macropathological evaluation. giving meniran extract orally up to a dose of 5000 for 14 days did not cause death or showed toxic symptoms and normal growth. On macropathological examination of size, color and consistency, all organs were in normal condition. Green meniran leaf extract preparations > 5000 mg/kgBW are practically non-toxic and didn’t cause organ abnormalities. It is necessary to do research on toxicity, biocompatibility, effects, and potential for subchronic toxicity to changes in histopathological structure with a longer study duration, higher doses and more varied dosage ranges.
{"title":"THE AKUT TOXICITY TESTING LETHAL DOSE ORAL GREEN MENIRAN LEAF EXTRACT BY USING MICE","authors":"Ni Kadek Eka Widiadnyani, L. M. Sudimartini","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.71","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a dose limit of green meniran leaf extract (Phylanthus niruri Linn) must be known for its safety which is supported by research results. The aims of this research to determine the acute lethal dose (LD50) toxicity and to examine the macropathological changes in the vital organs of mice. A total of 30 male mice and 30 female mice were divided into five groups and six replicates. Experimental mice in the control group (K) were given 0.9% NaCl, while those given meniran extract at doses of 50, 300, 2000 and 5000mg/KgBW were grouped as treatments. The preparation was given orally once and then the observations were made in the first 30 minutes after giving the preparation and periodically every 4 hours for the first 24 hours and once a day then the mice were observed for clinical symptoms, mortality and body weight. At the end of the study (day 14), the experimental mice were sacrificed for macropathological evaluation. giving meniran extract orally up to a dose of 5000 for 14 days did not cause death or showed toxic symptoms and normal growth. On macropathological examination of size, color and consistency, all organs were in normal condition. Green meniran leaf extract preparations > 5000 mg/kgBW are practically non-toxic and didn’t cause organ abnormalities. It is necessary to do research on toxicity, biocompatibility, effects, and potential for subchronic toxicity to changes in histopathological structure with a longer study duration, higher doses and more varied dosage ranges.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"162 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140469920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoga Pratama Mambela Sarungallo, I. N. Suartha, Sri Kayati Widyastuti
Demodecosis is a skin disease caused by Demodex spp. mites that can cause itching and trigger the scratching reflex. The purpose of writing this case report article is to determine the cause of the skin disease that occurred in the case dog and the effectiveness of the sulfur soap treatment performed. A male Peranakan kintamani dog named Siba, 5 months old, weighing 7 kg, and having black hair color had skin problems since 1 month before. The dog's appetite was good, defecation and urination were normal. The dog was fed rice mixed with chicken. The case dog was kept loose and sometimes tied around the house. The results of the physical examination showed skin lesions in the form of erythema, crusts, alopecia, and hyperkeratosis on the face, neck, front legs, hind legs, abdomen, around the anus and swollen interdigit. A deep skin scrapping examination found Demodex spp. Routine hematology examination showed the case dog was anemic. The dog was diagnosed with demodecosis. Treatment was ivermectin, antihistamine (diphenhydramine), vitamin B complex, and sulfur soap. Evaluation after 14 days showed changes in the lesions and reduced pruritus. It is recommended to implement good husbandry management and maintain the dog's immunity to avoid recurrent infections.
螨虫病是一种由螨虫引起的皮肤病，可导致瘙痒并引发抓挠反射。撰写本病例报告文章的目的是确定该病例犬患皮肤病的原因以及硫磺皂治疗的效果。一只名叫西巴（Siba）的雄性霹雳金塔玛尼犬，5 个月大，体重 7 千克，毛色为黑色，从 1 个月前开始出现皮肤问题。该犬食欲良好，排便和排尿正常。给它喂食的是米饭和鸡肉。这只狗被散养，有时被拴在房子周围。体格检查结果显示，该犬的面部、颈部、前腿、后腿、腹部、肛门周围和趾间肿胀处出现红斑、结痂、脱发和角化过度等皮肤病变。常规血液学检查显示该犬贫血。该犬被确诊为脱虱病。治疗方法包括伊维菌素、抗组胺药（苯海拉明）、复合维生素 B 和硫磺皂。14 天后的评估显示，病变有所变化，瘙痒减轻。建议实施良好的饲养管理并保持狗狗的免疫力，以避免反复感染。
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF USING SULFUR SOAP ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HANDLING DEMODICOSIS CASES IN KINTAMANI CROSS-BREED DOG","authors":"Yoga Pratama Mambela Sarungallo, I. N. Suartha, Sri Kayati Widyastuti","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.94","url":null,"abstract":"Demodecosis is a skin disease caused by Demodex spp. mites that can cause itching and trigger the scratching reflex. The purpose of writing this case report article is to determine the cause of the skin disease that occurred in the case dog and the effectiveness of the sulfur soap treatment performed. A male Peranakan kintamani dog named Siba, 5 months old, weighing 7 kg, and having black hair color had skin problems since 1 month before. The dog's appetite was good, defecation and urination were normal. The dog was fed rice mixed with chicken. The case dog was kept loose and sometimes tied around the house. The results of the physical examination showed skin lesions in the form of erythema, crusts, alopecia, and hyperkeratosis on the face, neck, front legs, hind legs, abdomen, around the anus and swollen interdigit. A deep skin scrapping examination found Demodex spp. Routine hematology examination showed the case dog was anemic. The dog was diagnosed with demodecosis. Treatment was ivermectin, antihistamine (diphenhydramine), vitamin B complex, and sulfur soap. Evaluation after 14 days showed changes in the lesions and reduced pruritus. It is recommended to implement good husbandry management and maintain the dog's immunity to avoid recurrent infections.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"1234 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most common nutritional problem suffered by children and adolescents throughout the world is iron deficiency anemia (ADB) which occurs in developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the main causes of anemia in society is iron deficiency anemia, which occurs due to a lack of iron in the blood, which can be caused by malnutrition. Anemia can be prevented with non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is dates which can increase hemoglobin levels because they contain high levels of iron. Objective of this article was to review and synthesize the results of existing research findings regarding the effectiveness of giving dates to increase hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls. This research is a systematic review by reviewing several articles from 3 databases, namely Google Scholar, PUBMED and Cochrane Library, so that 12 relevant articles were obtained for further review. The results of a research review of 12 articles stated that dates are a non-pharmacological therapy that is able to increase hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls by containing many ingredients that are good for the health of adolescent girls so that they can prevent anemia. There is an effect of giving dates on increasing hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls.
{"title":"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GIVING DATES AGAINST INCREASED HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN ANEMIC ADOLESCENT GIRL: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Ayu Andini Triana, P. Sopiah, Rafika Rosyda","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.115","url":null,"abstract":"The most common nutritional problem suffered by children and adolescents throughout the world is iron deficiency anemia (ADB) which occurs in developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the main causes of anemia in society is iron deficiency anemia, which occurs due to a lack of iron in the blood, which can be caused by malnutrition. Anemia can be prevented with non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is dates which can increase hemoglobin levels because they contain high levels of iron. Objective of this article was to review and synthesize the results of existing research findings regarding the effectiveness of giving dates to increase hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls. This research is a systematic review by reviewing several articles from 3 databases, namely Google Scholar, PUBMED and Cochrane Library, so that 12 relevant articles were obtained for further review. The results of a research review of 12 articles stated that dates are a non-pharmacological therapy that is able to increase hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls by containing many ingredients that are good for the health of adolescent girls so that they can prevent anemia. There is an effect of giving dates on increasing hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"129 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140470436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Farhan Al Ma’arif, Putu Devi Jayanti, I. Soma
Ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with intracellular bacteria Ehrlichia sp. which can be transmitted by ticks. Demodicosis is a parasitic disease caused by the mite Demodex sp. which has a predilection for the dermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. A male local breed dog aged approximately 2 years with a body weight of 8 kg came with complaints of hair loss and high intensity itching with a scale of 8/10. The results of clinical examination showed alopecia, scale, and erythema almost all over the body accompanied by tick infestations found on the back, anemic mucosa, left prescapularis lymph nodes and left popliteus experienced swelling. Hematological examination showed macrocytic hypochromic anemia, leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, granulocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. Blood smear and serology examination showed Ehrlichia sp.. infection while deep skin scrapping examination showed Demodex sp. infection. Based on the anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory examination, the case of the dog suffering from ehrlichiosis accompanied by demodecosis. The therapy given was in the form of doxycycline, ivermectin, diphenydramine, vitamin B complex, and bath therapy with sulfur soap. Observation of therapy on the 14th day provided clinical improvement in terms of reducing itching intensity, Demodex sp. infection intensity, and hematological parameters. On the 28th day of the last treatment, the dog's body condition was getting better, new hair started to grow and the body condition score increased. Dogs should be given food rich in nutrients such as liver, meat and egg yolks, as well as providing nutritional supplements to speed up the dog's recovery.
{"title":"EHRLICHIOSIS AND DEMODICOSIS IN BALI LOCAL DOG","authors":"Muhammad Farhan Al Ma’arif, Putu Devi Jayanti, I. Soma","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.62","url":null,"abstract":"Ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with intracellular bacteria Ehrlichia sp. which can be transmitted by ticks. Demodicosis is a parasitic disease caused by the mite Demodex sp. which has a predilection for the dermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. A male local breed dog aged approximately 2 years with a body weight of 8 kg came with complaints of hair loss and high intensity itching with a scale of 8/10. The results of clinical examination showed alopecia, scale, and erythema almost all over the body accompanied by tick infestations found on the back, anemic mucosa, left prescapularis lymph nodes and left popliteus experienced swelling. Hematological examination showed macrocytic hypochromic anemia, leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, granulocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. Blood smear and serology examination showed Ehrlichia sp.. infection while deep skin scrapping examination showed Demodex sp. infection. Based on the anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory examination, the case of the dog suffering from ehrlichiosis accompanied by demodecosis. The therapy given was in the form of doxycycline, ivermectin, diphenydramine, vitamin B complex, and bath therapy with sulfur soap. Observation of therapy on the 14th day provided clinical improvement in terms of reducing itching intensity, Demodex sp. infection intensity, and hematological parameters. On the 28th day of the last treatment, the dog's body condition was getting better, new hair started to grow and the body condition score increased. Dogs should be given food rich in nutrients such as liver, meat and egg yolks, as well as providing nutritional supplements to speed up the dog's recovery.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"101 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Made Shanty Meidiana, I. K. Ardana, A. Dharmayudha, I. M. Merdana, L. M. Sudimartini, Yousef Haig Setrak Babikian, H. Babikian, R. W. Haliman, Theng In Yen, Kristina, Hendi Yanto Efendy
The broiler is the largest sector producing protein sources in Indonesia. Poultry farms are susceptible to viral diseases, including the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). Viral diseases can be prevented by vaccination to increase antibody titters in broiler chickens. Induction of antibody titters can be increased by providing additional ingredients such as immune system stimulants known as immunomodulators. One material that can be used as an immunomodulator is the NATURALGUARD (NG). This research was conducted to determine the effect of NG supplementation in drinking water on ND antibody titters in broilers. This study used a completely randomized design with four treatments, namely P0 as a control without NG treatment, and P1, P2, and P3 were given NG treatment at doses of 1, 2, and 4 g/L, respectively adlibitum for 30 days starting at three days of age. Blood samples were taken on day one before treatment, 15 and 30 days after treatment for the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. The results showed that maternal antibodies against ND on the first day were protective but not uniform; the highest mean HI 4 log 2 titter was at P0 (512 ± 280.43) and the lowest at P2 (384 ± 140.21). The decrease in antibodies occurred at the age of 18 days to the highest at P0 and P3, namely 16 ± 0, and the highest at P2 (16.66 ± 4.13), and at the age of 33 days, the lowest titter was at P1 (4 ± 0) and the highest was at P2 and P3 (10±6.57). It can be concluded that NATURALGUARD supplementation shows an immunomodulating effect in broiler chickens that have not been re-vaccinated with Newcastle Disease through a slower regulation of decreasing antibody titters at NG supplementation doses of 2 and 4 g/L.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF NATURAL GUARD ADMINISTRATION IN DRINKING WATER ON ND-ANTIBODY TITERS IN BROILERS","authors":"Made Shanty Meidiana, I. K. Ardana, A. Dharmayudha, I. M. Merdana, L. M. Sudimartini, Yousef Haig Setrak Babikian, H. Babikian, R. W. Haliman, Theng In Yen, Kristina, Hendi Yanto Efendy","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.49","url":null,"abstract":"The broiler is the largest sector producing protein sources in Indonesia. Poultry farms are susceptible to viral diseases, including the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). Viral diseases can be prevented by vaccination to increase antibody titters in broiler chickens. Induction of antibody titters can be increased by providing additional ingredients such as immune system stimulants known as immunomodulators. One material that can be used as an immunomodulator is the NATURALGUARD (NG). This research was conducted to determine the effect of NG supplementation in drinking water on ND antibody titters in broilers. This study used a completely randomized design with four treatments, namely P0 as a control without NG treatment, and P1, P2, and P3 were given NG treatment at doses of 1, 2, and 4 g/L, respectively adlibitum for 30 days starting at three days of age. Blood samples were taken on day one before treatment, 15 and 30 days after treatment for the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. The results showed that maternal antibodies against ND on the first day were protective but not uniform; the highest mean HI 4 log 2 titter was at P0 (512 ± 280.43) and the lowest at P2 (384 ± 140.21). The decrease in antibodies occurred at the age of 18 days to the highest at P0 and P3, namely 16 ± 0, and the highest at P2 (16.66 ± 4.13), and at the age of 33 days, the lowest titter was at P1 (4 ± 0) and the highest was at P2 and P3 (10±6.57). It can be concluded that NATURALGUARD supplementation shows an immunomodulating effect in broiler chickens that have not been re-vaccinated with Newcastle Disease through a slower regulation of decreasing antibody titters at NG supplementation doses of 2 and 4 g/L.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"347 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kezia Joana Limarta, L. M. Sudimartini, A. Dharmayudha
The Mimosa plant (Mimosa pudica L.) is a wild plant that can be easily found in Indonesia and all of its parts have been used in traditional medicine, especially the leaves. Seeing its pharmacological content and benefits, the leaves of the Mimosa plant have the potential to be used as a simplicia as raw material for herbal medicine. This study aims to determine microbial contamination of mimosa leaves simplicia according to the General Standard Parameters of Medicinal Plant Extracts of the Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia in 2000 and Regulation of the Head of Food and Drug Monitoring Agency of Republic of Indonesia Number 32 Year 2019 concerning Quality Requirements for Traditional Medicines. This research is a non-experimental observational research with a comparative descriptive analysis design. The microbial contamination level was assessed by Total Plate Count (TPC) test and Total Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC) test. The research data obtained is quantitative data which was analysed by counting the number of microbes that grew on Plate Count Agar (PCA) media and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media after being incubated at the appropriate growth temperature. The Total Plate Number of the Mimosa leaves sample is 3,9x104 CFU/gram and the Total Yeast and Mold Count is 2,5x103 CFU/gram. The results showed that the mimosa leaf simplicia met the microbial contamination requirements for Total Plate Number (£5x107) and Total Yeast and Mold Count (£5x105). It can be concluded that the mimosa leaves simplicia sample can be processed into drug preparations. Further research on pathogen Escherichia coli, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridia, Salmonella, and Shigella microbial contamination and other quality standardization tests are needed.
{"title":"MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION TEST OF MIMOSA LEAVES SIMPLICIA","authors":"Kezia Joana Limarta, L. M. Sudimartini, A. Dharmayudha","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.59","url":null,"abstract":"The Mimosa plant (Mimosa pudica L.) is a wild plant that can be easily found in Indonesia and all of its parts have been used in traditional medicine, especially the leaves. Seeing its pharmacological content and benefits, the leaves of the Mimosa plant have the potential to be used as a simplicia as raw material for herbal medicine. This study aims to determine microbial contamination of mimosa leaves simplicia according to the General Standard Parameters of Medicinal Plant Extracts of the Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia in 2000 and Regulation of the Head of Food and Drug Monitoring Agency of Republic of Indonesia Number 32 Year 2019 concerning Quality Requirements for Traditional Medicines. This research is a non-experimental observational research with a comparative descriptive analysis design. The microbial contamination level was assessed by Total Plate Count (TPC) test and Total Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC) test. The research data obtained is quantitative data which was analysed by counting the number of microbes that grew on Plate Count Agar (PCA) media and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media after being incubated at the appropriate growth temperature. The Total Plate Number of the Mimosa leaves sample is 3,9x104 CFU/gram and the Total Yeast and Mold Count is 2,5x103 CFU/gram. The results showed that the mimosa leaf simplicia met the microbial contamination requirements for Total Plate Number (£5x107) and Total Yeast and Mold Count (£5x105). It can be concluded that the mimosa leaves simplicia sample can be processed into drug preparations. Further research on pathogen Escherichia coli, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridia, Salmonella, and Shigella microbial contamination and other quality standardization tests are needed.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"182 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. G. N. P. K. Mahaputra, I. W. M. Tenaya, I. Sukada
Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by the genus Lyssavirus of the Rhabdoviridae family which is very fatal. In Indonesia, rabies has infected 26 of the 34 existing provinces. Bali has tested positive for rabies since 2008. The government and the people of Bali have made efforts to control rabies by carrying out mass rabies vaccinations for dogs, eliminating dogs that are not owned, and conducting education about the dangers of rabies to the public. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of the community towards rabies in Banjar Batusari, Sangeh Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency, Bali. Data collection in this study was carried out directly by going to the field to conduct surveys and interviews with the community. The number of heads of families in Banjar Batusari is 153 families. Data obtained from the results of interviews regarding aspects of knowledge, aspects of attitudes, and aspects of the behaviour of the dog keeping community were tabulated using Ms. Excel, the data were analysed descriptively and qualitatively and displayed in the form of tables or graphs. The results showed that 100% of the knowledge of the people in Banjar Batusari had a high level of knowledge. The attitude of the people of Banjar Batusari can be categorized as a 100% positive attitude towards rabies. For the level of behaviour of the Banjar Batusari community, it is classified as good behaviour at 68.8%. Thus, the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of the community is expected to control rabies in the research location so that rabies cases are very small and make it easier to carry out rabies prevention and control there.
{"title":"COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND BEHAVIOR TOWARDS RABIES IN BANJAR BATUSARI, SANGEH VILLAGE, ABIANSEMAL DISTRICT, BADUNG REGENCY","authors":"I. G. N. P. K. Mahaputra, I. W. M. Tenaya, I. Sukada","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.63","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by the genus Lyssavirus of the Rhabdoviridae family which is very fatal. In Indonesia, rabies has infected 26 of the 34 existing provinces. Bali has tested positive for rabies since 2008. The government and the people of Bali have made efforts to control rabies by carrying out mass rabies vaccinations for dogs, eliminating dogs that are not owned, and conducting education about the dangers of rabies to the public. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of the community towards rabies in Banjar Batusari, Sangeh Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency, Bali. Data collection in this study was carried out directly by going to the field to conduct surveys and interviews with the community. The number of heads of families in Banjar Batusari is 153 families. Data obtained from the results of interviews regarding aspects of knowledge, aspects of attitudes, and aspects of the behaviour of the dog keeping community were tabulated using Ms. Excel, the data were analysed descriptively and qualitatively and displayed in the form of tables or graphs. The results showed that 100% of the knowledge of the people in Banjar Batusari had a high level of knowledge. The attitude of the people of Banjar Batusari can be categorized as a 100% positive attitude towards rabies. For the level of behaviour of the Banjar Batusari community, it is classified as good behaviour at 68.8%. Thus, the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of the community is expected to control rabies in the research location so that rabies cases are very small and make it easier to carry out rabies prevention and control there.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"1242 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. D. Anggreni, Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi, I. G. N. K. Mahardika, I. G. N. N. Putra
African Swine Fever disease causes high fatality number in domestic pigs. The most sensitive and specific laboratory diagnotic is PCR. The successful of PCR is determined by DNA quality, Annealing temperature, MGCl2 concentration, polymerase enzymes, primer concentration, and PCR cycles. The Annealing process requires in the right temperature. The difference annealing temperature causes amplification process failure. The specificity and sensitivity of PCR products are determined by the optimal annealing temperature. PCR optimization, variations of time, temperature, and primer concentration can be adjusted. This study was conducted by PCR testing to detect DNA ASF virus using primer concentration and the most optimum Annealing temperature. Identification of primer concentrations and annealing temperature begins to make PCR components volume 10 µl consist of 5µL PCR Master Mix, a pair of ASF primer 0.5 µl, 1µL DNA templates, and 3µL ddH2O. The PCR component is processed in a thermocycler with a temperature condition of 95°C pre-denaturation for 5 minutes, and denaturation at 94°C for 45 seconds. The gradient annealing temperature starts at 50°C, 52°C, 55°C, 59°Cm and 65°C for 1 minute. Temperature 72 ° C for synthesis 1 minute. repetition of the cycle is 34 times. Final synthesis for 72°C for 5 minutes, the storage temperature is 22°C. The result of optimization at the primer concentration of 10 µm obtained a cleared band according to the target compared to the primary concentration of 5 µm. The best annealing temperature in this research is 55 °C. If the Annealing temperature is given lower, causing primer attachment to the DNA template is not specific so non-specific PCR products are formed many bands. Conversely, if the annealing temperature is higher, causing primary attachment to the template DNA will be released so that the band that appears is very thin PCR product is not formed does not appear.
{"title":"OPTIMISATION OF PRIMER CONCENTRATION AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURE IN PCR TEST METHOD FOR AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS DETECTION","authors":"L. D. Anggreni, Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi, I. G. N. K. Mahardika, I. G. N. N. Putra","doi":"10.24843/bvu.v16i1.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.88","url":null,"abstract":"African Swine Fever disease causes high fatality number in domestic pigs. The most sensitive and specific laboratory diagnotic is PCR. The successful of PCR is determined by DNA quality, Annealing temperature, MGCl2 concentration, polymerase enzymes, primer concentration, and PCR cycles. The Annealing process requires in the right temperature. The difference annealing temperature causes amplification process failure. The specificity and sensitivity of PCR products are determined by the optimal annealing temperature. PCR optimization, variations of time, temperature, and primer concentration can be adjusted. This study was conducted by PCR testing to detect DNA ASF virus using primer concentration and the most optimum Annealing temperature. Identification of primer concentrations and annealing temperature begins to make PCR components volume 10 µl consist of 5µL PCR Master Mix, a pair of ASF primer 0.5 µl, 1µL DNA templates, and 3µL ddH2O. The PCR component is processed in a thermocycler with a temperature condition of 95°C pre-denaturation for 5 minutes, and denaturation at 94°C for 45 seconds. The gradient annealing temperature starts at 50°C, 52°C, 55°C, 59°Cm and 65°C for 1 minute. Temperature 72 ° C for synthesis 1 minute. repetition of the cycle is 34 times. Final synthesis for 72°C for 5 minutes, the storage temperature is 22°C. The result of optimization at the primer concentration of 10 µm obtained a cleared band according to the target compared to the primary concentration of 5 µm. The best annealing temperature in this research is 55 °C. If the Annealing temperature is given lower, causing primer attachment to the DNA template is not specific so non-specific PCR products are formed many bands. Conversely, if the annealing temperature is higher, causing primary attachment to the template DNA will be released so that the band that appears is very thin PCR product is not formed does not appear.","PeriodicalId":30995,"journal":{"name":"Buletin Veteriner Udayana","volume":"231 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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