The study deals with the inscriptions of the Athenian Tribute Lists, and highlights the tax list of 454/453 BC. For comparison, the list of 440/439 BC is examined. These lists are not only a valuable source of Athenian foreign policy and economy, but also, for example, for tracing changes in Athenian letter forms and their evolution.
{"title":"Az athéni adólisták","authors":"György Németh","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The study deals with the inscriptions of the Athenian Tribute Lists, and highlights the tax list of 454/453 BC. For comparison, the list of 440/439 BC is examined. These lists are not only a valuable source of Athenian foreign policy and economy, but also, for example, for tracing changes in Athenian letter forms and their evolution.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In my study, I summarize the outer and inner topography of the market town of Hájszentlőrinc which existed in the southern part of the historical Kingdom of Hungary, in today’s Serbia. My aim is to provide a methodological example for researchers of the historico-geography of settlements. First, I examine the border of the settlement, its surroundings and the neighbouring settlements, and then I reconstruct the former built-up area of the market town. Spatial analysis is made possible by medieval certificates, 18th-century manuscript maps, and satellite images. Hájszentlőrinc existed east of today’s Küllőd (Kolut, SRB). During the Middle Ages, it was an important centre of Bodrog County: in the 13-14th century it functioned as a place of authentication (locus credibilis), in the 15-16th centuries it was a market town (oppidum). In the late Middle Ages, meetings of the noble judiciary (sedria) of Bodrog County were held here most of the time. Based on the medieval boundary descriptions, the western and southern neighbours of the settlement can be clearly defined. Based on remote sensing sources, it was possible to determine the former inner, built-up area, which was about 800 meters long and had a spindle structure (german Angersdorf). An important result was that the location of the medieval cathedral chapter (capitulum) could also be identified.
{"title":"Hájszentlőrinc mezőváros topográfiája","authors":"István Pánya","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"In my study, I summarize the outer and inner topography of the market town of Hájszentlőrinc which existed in the southern part of the historical Kingdom of Hungary, in today’s Serbia. My aim is to provide a methodological example for researchers of the historico-geography of settlements. First, I examine the border of the settlement, its surroundings and the neighbouring settlements, and then I reconstruct the former built-up area of the market town. Spatial analysis is made possible by medieval certificates, 18th-century manuscript maps, and satellite images. Hájszentlőrinc existed east of today’s Küllőd (Kolut, SRB). During the Middle Ages, it was an important centre of Bodrog County: in the 13-14th century it functioned as a place of authentication (locus credibilis), in the 15-16th centuries it was a market town (oppidum). In the late Middle Ages, meetings of the noble judiciary (sedria) of Bodrog County were held here most of the time. Based on the medieval boundary descriptions, the western and southern neighbours of the settlement can be clearly defined. Based on remote sensing sources, it was possible to determine the former inner, built-up area, which was about 800 meters long and had a spindle structure (german Angersdorf). An important result was that the location of the medieval cathedral chapter (capitulum) could also be identified.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Sabatier’s journey (1896) in the French colonies Tunisia and Algeria illustrates how colonizer state takes advantage of tourists and tourism to contribute to the propagation of a positive image on the colonies. Participant of a scientific congress, Sabatier becomes “victim” of the organized travels with pre-fixed timetable and itinerary. Our article focuses on the particularities of Sabatier’s handwritten travelogue, richly accompanied by photos and drawings. It aims to highlight the typical tourist-behaviour at the and of the 19th century, the method of representing a culturally distant and exotic places in the light of colonial ideology, and the importance of photographical illustration in the early period of democratization of photography.
{"title":"Két hét Tunéziában és Algériában","authors":"Dorottya Mihályi","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Paul Sabatier’s journey (1896) in the French colonies Tunisia and Algeria illustrates how colonizer state takes advantage of tourists and tourism to contribute to the propagation of a positive image on the colonies. Participant of a scientific congress, Sabatier becomes “victim” of the organized travels with pre-fixed timetable and itinerary. Our article focuses on the particularities of Sabatier’s handwritten travelogue, richly accompanied by photos and drawings. It aims to highlight the typical tourist-behaviour at the and of the 19th century, the method of representing a culturally distant and exotic places in the light of colonial ideology, and the importance of photographical illustration in the early period of democratization of photography.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper analyses the spatial aspects and the writing down of the publication ritual of royal and local ordinances in late medieval Paris, based on the study of the register books of the royal provost in the Châtelet (Archives nationales de France, Y2-Y6), the Livres de couleur. The majority of the publications are described as made « at the accustomed places », and only a small part (cc.50) of the registered publication rituals are documented with a list of place names. Their microscopic study helps to understand the detailed workings of medieval power rituals. The analysis of the lists shows that the ritual of the publication was far from invariable and fixed by customs. On the contrary, different ordinances were published at different urban locations, and the publication ritual was performed on a great variety of itineraries. Besides the variability of the ritual itself, the writing down of the publication has its own strategies. The listing of place names fits perfectly into the pool of mostly verbal methods of medieval representation of geographic space and has its rhetoric value too. However, listing constitutes only a minority of the documented cases, the allusion to the customary progress of the ritual (performed at the « accustomed places ») appears much more frequently. This method creates the image of the invariable, customary, aka ideal ritual, ensuring the coming into force of the published ordinances. Thus, the practices of proclamation and their written documentation are both used to guarantee the effectiveness of the ritual and the everyday presence of royal power in the city.
本文通过对法国国家档案馆(Archives nationales de France, Y2-Y6)、法国图书馆(Livres de couleur)的皇家教务记录簿的研究，分析了中世纪晚期巴黎皇家和地方法令出版仪式的空间方面和书写。大多数出版物被描述为“在习惯的地方”出版，只有一小部分(cc50)登记的出版仪式记录了地名清单。他们的微观研究有助于理解中世纪权力仪式的详细运作。通过对这些名单的分析，可以看出，出版仪式并不是一成不变的，并不是被习俗所固定的。相反，不同的法令在不同的城市地点出版，出版仪式在各种各样的行程中进行。除了仪式本身的可变性外，出版物的书写也有自己的策略。地名表完全符合中世纪地理空间的大部分口头表达方法，也有其修辞价值。然而，列举只是记录在案的案例中的一小部分，对仪式的习惯进程(在“习惯的地方”进行)的暗示出现得更频繁。这种方法创造了不变的、习惯的、又名理想仪式的形象，确保公布的条例生效。因此，公告的做法和他们的书面文件都被用来保证仪式的有效性和王权在城市中的日常存在。
{"title":"Helynevek és hatalom","authors":"Veronika Novák","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses the spatial aspects and the writing down of the publication ritual of royal and local ordinances in late medieval Paris, based on the study of the register books of the royal provost in the Châtelet (Archives nationales de France, Y2-Y6), the Livres de couleur. The majority of the publications are described as made « at the accustomed places », and only a small part (cc.50) of the registered publication rituals are documented with a list of place names. Their microscopic study helps to understand the detailed workings of medieval power rituals. The analysis of the lists shows that the ritual of the publication was far from invariable and fixed by customs. On the contrary, different ordinances were published at different urban locations, and the publication ritual was performed on a great variety of itineraries. Besides the variability of the ritual itself, the writing down of the publication has its own strategies. The listing of place names fits perfectly into the pool of mostly verbal methods of medieval representation of geographic space and has its rhetoric value too. However, listing constitutes only a minority of the documented cases, the allusion to the customary progress of the ritual (performed at the « accustomed places ») appears much more frequently. This method creates the image of the invariable, customary, aka ideal ritual, ensuring the coming into force of the published ordinances. Thus, the practices of proclamation and their written documentation are both used to guarantee the effectiveness of the ritual and the everyday presence of royal power in the city.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The archbishops of Esztergom always had an important place amongst the Hungarian historical researches due to their ecclesiastical and political role. In my writing, I will have a look at the origin and the early career of Benedek and Nicholas of the Kán kindred, the archbishop election of 1273, and their short careers as prelates. Through Nicholas, we can follow the career of a prelate who came from one of the greatest families, contrary to Benedek, who had a literary career in the church and in the court. The reasons behind the unsuccessful archbishop election in the 1270s are the weakened royal authority and the lack of an agreement on who to elect. The latter is also proven by Nicholas’ first and short role as an archbishop.
{"title":"Választott esztergomi érsekek az 1270-es években","authors":"Sándor Hunyadi","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"The archbishops of Esztergom always had an important place amongst the Hungarian historical researches due to their ecclesiastical and political role. In my writing, I will have a look at the origin and the early career of Benedek and Nicholas of the Kán kindred, the archbishop election of 1273, and their short careers as prelates. Through Nicholas, we can follow the career of a prelate who came from one of the greatest families, contrary to Benedek, who had a literary career in the church and in the court. The reasons behind the unsuccessful archbishop election in the 1270s are the weakened royal authority and the lack of an agreement on who to elect. The latter is also proven by Nicholas’ first and short role as an archbishop.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Az utolsó sztálinista : Santiago Carrillo élete","authors":"Péter Poór","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On August 28, 1988, Prime Minister Károly Grósz, Secretary General of the MSZMP, sat down with Nicolae Ceausescu, a Romanian communist dictator in Arad; the outcome of the discussion is well known: „Arad” has become synonymous with failure in diplomatic history. The public faced the fiasco when, after the meeting, Grósz gave an interview to Hungarian Television in Hungarian territory in Szeged. Before the meeting in Arad, Károly Grósz was victorious in political terms; however, after this failure, he loses public battles after public battles. The Prime Minister and Secretary General is on the slope after an interview in Szeged following „Arad”, from where there was no coming back for him. Károly Grósz was greeted by a cheering crowd in Makó on the way back after the negotiations. People did not know at the time that the discussions had failed. The passage of Károly Grósz in Makó was just a historical flash. In this study, we attempt to outline the elements of this event and the background to this fleeting moment.
{"title":"Grósz Károly útja Makón át Aradra","authors":"Konstantin Medgyesi","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"On August 28, 1988, Prime Minister Károly Grósz, Secretary General of the MSZMP, sat down with Nicolae Ceausescu, a Romanian communist dictator in Arad; the outcome of the discussion is well known: „Arad” has become synonymous with failure in diplomatic history. The public faced the fiasco when, after the meeting, Grósz gave an interview to Hungarian Television in Hungarian territory in Szeged. Before the meeting in Arad, Károly Grósz was victorious in political terms; however, after this failure, he loses public battles after public battles. The Prime Minister and Secretary General is on the slope after an interview in Szeged following „Arad”, from where there was no coming back for him. Károly Grósz was greeted by a cheering crowd in Makó on the way back after the negotiations. People did not know at the time that the discussions had failed. The passage of Károly Grósz in Makó was just a historical flash. In this study, we attempt to outline the elements of this event and the background to this fleeting moment.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In connection with the study of the military and political collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy at the end of the First World War, several authors have recently discussed in detail the issues raised by the status of the Banat, related Serbian and Romanian aspirations, and the movements of the French forces that occupied and held military control over the region, as well as analysing the French diplomatic steps behind these movements. The future fate of the Banat proved to be a serious source of conflict, with the possibility of armed clashes between the Serbs and the Romanians. The French wanted to prevent armed conflict between their allies with a north-south demarcation line separating the opposing parties and by occupying strategic points, such as Szeged and Arad, until the peace conference decided on the final status of the area. In theory, the line between Szeged and Arad, practically the route of the River Mureş, marked the northern border of the area in question. However, it is not widely known that the Serbs, in competition with the Romanians, claimed not only the area to the south of the Mureş, but also the areas of southern Csanád to the north of the river, right up to Mezőhegyes, and to this end, military action was taken and diplomatic efforts were made at the Paris Peace Conference in March 1919. All this inevitably concealed the possibility of a Serbian-Romanian armed conflict over the possession of this territory, which required the repeated intervention of the French and which was embodied by the French military occupation of Makó, the seat of Csanád county, for almost two months from 27 April to 16 June 1919. This was followed by the Romanian military occupation, which lasted for a good nine months. Our study seeks to review the background and steps of this process, which have not been sufficiently elucidated in the historical literature to date.
{"title":"Csanád vármegye idegen megszállásának diplomáciai háttere","authors":"Attila Marosvári","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"In connection with the study of the military and political collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy at the end of the First World War, several authors have recently discussed in detail the issues raised by the status of the Banat, related Serbian and Romanian aspirations, and the movements of the French forces that occupied and held military control over the region, as well as analysing the French diplomatic steps behind these movements. The future fate of the Banat proved to be a serious source of conflict, with the possibility of armed clashes between the Serbs and the Romanians. The French wanted to prevent armed conflict between their allies with a north-south demarcation line separating the opposing parties and by occupying strategic points, such as Szeged and Arad, until the peace conference decided on the final status of the area. In theory, the line between Szeged and Arad, practically the route of the River Mureş, marked the northern border of the area in question. However, it is not widely known that the Serbs, in competition with the Romanians, claimed not only the area to the south of the Mureş, but also the areas of southern Csanád to the north of the river, right up to Mezőhegyes, and to this end, military action was taken and diplomatic efforts were made at the Paris Peace Conference in March 1919. All this inevitably concealed the possibility of a Serbian-Romanian armed conflict over the possession of this territory, which required the repeated intervention of the French and which was embodied by the French military occupation of Makó, the seat of Csanád county, for almost two months from 27 April to 16 June 1919. This was followed by the Romanian military occupation, which lasted for a good nine months. Our study seeks to review the background and steps of this process, which have not been sufficiently elucidated in the historical literature to date.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study presents the history of the Becket St. Thomas Collegiate Chapter of Esztergom, founded at the end of the 12th century, up to the middle of the 14th century, the activities of its provosts and canons and their income. It begins briefly with a discussion of the development of the secular provostries of episcopal sees in Europe, and then presents a brief history of the other two collegiate chapters in Esztergom.
该研究介绍了埃斯特戈姆的贝克特圣托马斯学院分会(Becket St. Thomas Collegiate Chapter of Esztergom)的历史，该分会成立于12世纪末至14世纪中叶，教务长和教长的活动以及他们的收入。它开始简短地讨论世俗教务长的主教看到在欧洲的发展，然后提出了一个简短的历史，在Esztergom其他两个合议章节。
{"title":"Az esztergomi Szent Tamás-prépostság története a 14. század közepéig","authors":"Gábor Thoroczkay","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents the history of the Becket St. Thomas Collegiate Chapter of Esztergom, founded at the end of the 12th century, up to the middle of the 14th century, the activities of its provosts and canons and their income. It begins briefly with a discussion of the development of the secular provostries of episcopal sees in Europe, and then presents a brief history of the other two collegiate chapters in Esztergom.","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minták Alexander Bernát és Marczali Henrik fenomenológiái felé","authors":"András A. Gergely","doi":"10.14232/belv.2022.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/belv.2022.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30998,"journal":{"name":"Belvedere Meridionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66823131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：