Environmental Impact Assessment Review最新文献_第10页

Hidden risks in greening: Unveiling the impact of bare land changes on landscape ecological risks in arid and semi-arid regions of China 绿化的隐患：揭示中国干旱半干旱区裸地变化对景观生态风险的影响

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108244

Li Yin , Wei Wei , Hongrui Li , Liming Bo

Ongoing desertification control efforts in China's arid and semi-arid regions (CASAR) have led to the most prominent “greening” worldwide. However, few studies have examined this greening process from the perspective of bare land change (BLC), and fewer have explored whether this positive greening process induces negative landscape ecological risk (LER). This study links BLC to LER by analyzing the interannual variations and structural transitions of BLC using time-series remote sensing data and developing a conflict-disturbance-function framework to assess LER. We further employed the contribution rate and interpretable machine learning models to explore the multidimensional impacts of BLC on LER and proposed an integrated zoning strategy based on BLC intensity and LER clustering patterns. Our results indicate that although both bare land extent and LER exhibited a rise–fall trajectory from 1990 to 2023 under large-scale ecological interventions, intense bare land turnover persisted. While such engineering-driven restoration may be ecologically promising in the long term, it also poses short-term risks of landscape fragmentation and elevated LER. Among all transitions, from bare land to grassland direction had the strongest impact on LER, exhibiting pronounced nonlinearity and spatial heterogeneity. Advancing ecological succession beyond grassland toward more mature ecosystems is essential for stabilizing BLC dynamics and mitigating LER. The zoning strategy combining the BLC and LER trends supports the dual goals of bare land reduction and ecological risk mitigation. Although certain regions exhibit clear improvements, desertification control in CASAR still faces substantial challenges. This study enriches the theoretical framework for BLC–LER interactions, providing a scientific basis for combating desertification in arid and semi-arid regions.

中国干旱半干旱区（CASAR）正在进行的荒漠化治理工作导致了世界上最突出的“绿化”。然而，很少有研究从裸地变化（BLC）的角度来考察这一绿化过程，更少有人探讨这一积极的绿化过程是否会导致负景观生态风险（LER）。本研究利用时序遥感数据分析BLC的年际变化和结构转变，并建立冲突-扰动-函数框架来评估LER，将BLC与LER联系起来。我们进一步利用贡献率和可解释机器学习模型探讨了BLC对LER的多维影响，并提出了基于BLC强度和LER聚类模式的综合分区策略。结果表明，在大规模生态干预下，尽管1990 - 2023年裸地面积和土地利用效率均呈上升-下降趋势，但裸地周转率持续升高。虽然这种工程驱动的恢复从长远来看可能具有生态前景，但它也带来了景观破碎化和LER升高的短期风险。其中，从裸地向草地方向的转变对LER的影响最大，表现出明显的非线性和空间异质性。将生态演替从草地向更成熟的生态系统推进，对于稳定BLC动态和缓解LER至关重要。结合BLC和LER趋势的分区策略支持减少裸露土地和减轻生态风险的双重目标。尽管某些地区取得了明显的进展，但该地区的荒漠化防治仍面临重大挑战。该研究丰富了BLC-LER相互作用的理论框架，为干旱半干旱区防治荒漠化提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Large-scale analysis of environmental and circularity metrics in construction products through automated data extraction using large language models 通过使用大型语言模型的自动数据提取，对建筑产品中的环境和循环度量进行大规模分析

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108243

Roger Vergés , Kàtia Gaspar , Núria Forcada

The selection of construction products significantly impacts building practices as well as environmental and biodiversity outcomes. However, current Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) lack standardized circularity metrics and contain highly heterogeneous, manufacturer-dependent data, which severely limits sector-wide assessments and data-driven decision-making. Existing methods fail to systematically extract and structure this fragmented information at scale, creating a critical barrier to benchmarking circularity-related metrics, such as circular origin, dismantlability potential, and end-of-life pathways, and environmental performance across construction products. This study addresses this gap by introducing a novel Large Language Model (LLM)-based approach for the reliable extraction and standardization of data from diverse EPDs. Applying this method to 8463 products reveals three key findings: (i) manufacturers deprioritize circular end-of-life pathways; (ii) environmental and biodiversity impacts vary substantially both within and across product categories based on material composition; and (iii) a “circularity paradox” persists, whereby products sourced circularly often end up in landfills. Methodologically, this research establishes the first scalable procedure for comprehensive benchmarking of circularity-related metrics and environmental performance in construction products. Practically, it identifies critical intervention points including the standardization of circularity and environmental reporting in EPDs, the promotion of digital product passports, and the reinforcement of industrial symbiosis with transformation companies. For policymakers, the results highlight how existing regulatory shortcomings perpetuate linear economic models and obstruct consistent, equitable reporting, highlighting the urgent need for more stringent, standardized disclosure requirements to enable nuanced environmental comparisons.

建筑产品的选择显著影响建筑实践以及环境和生物多样性的结果。然而，目前的环境产品声明（epd）缺乏标准化的循环度量，并且包含高度异构的、依赖于制造商的数据，这严重限制了全行业的评估和数据驱动的决策。现有的方法无法系统地大规模提取和构建这些碎片化的信息，从而对循环相关指标（如循环起源、可拆解性潜力、寿命终止路径和建筑产品的环境绩效）进行基准测试造成了重大障碍。本研究通过引入一种新颖的基于大型语言模型（LLM）的方法来解决这一差距，该方法可以可靠地从不同的epd中提取和标准化数据。将此方法应用于8463种产品，揭示了三个关键发现：(i)制造商不优先考虑循环寿命终止途径；（ii）环境和生物多样性影响在产品类别内部和不同产品类别之间因材料组成而有很大差异；（三）“循环悖论”仍然存在，即循环采购的产品往往最终被填埋。在方法上，本研究为建筑产品的循环相关指标和环境绩效的综合基准建立了第一个可扩展的程序。实际上，它确定了关键的干预点，包括epd循环和环境报告的标准化，数字产品护照的推广，以及加强与转型公司的产业共生。对于政策制定者来说，研究结果凸显了现有的监管缺陷如何使线性经济模型永世不化，并阻碍了一致、公平的报告，凸显了迫切需要更严格、标准化的披露要求，以便进行细致的环境比较。

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引用次数: 0

Forecasting China’s carbon prices using a TVFEMD-DLinear framework incorporating climate policy uncertainty 利用考虑气候政策不确定性的TVFEMD-DLinear框架预测中国碳价格

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108242

Haozhen Li , Feng Gao , Na Zuo , Xin Gao , Tianming Shao , Xunzhang Pan

Amid climate policy uncertainty (CPU), accurate carbon price forecasting is crucial for the efficient operation of the emission trading scheme (ETS). Machine learning is one of the most popular data-driven approaches to carbon price forecasting. However, relatively few studies have incorporated CPU into machine learning-based carbon price forecasting for China's ETS. This study integrates China's CPU into a hybrid forecasting framework that combines time-varying filter for empirical mode decomposition (TVFEMD) with the decomposition-linear (DLinear) model. A series of multi-model experiments are designed to examine the effect of CPU in forecasting China's carbon prices and to evaluate the performance of the TVFEMD-DLinear framework. The results indicate that incorporating CPU significantly improves forecasting accuracy. Across all models, experiments with the inclusion of CPU show average reductions of 13 % in MAE and 12 % in RMSE compared to those without CPU. Among all experiments, the proposed TVFEMD-DLinear framework incorporating CPU achieves the best predictive performance, yielding the lowest MAE, MAPE, RMSE, and MSPE, as well as the highest R². Statistical evidence from the Diebold-Mariano test further supports these findings. In addition, sensitivity analyses on hyperparameters and carbon markets confirm the robustness of the proposed framework's predictive performance. This study underscores the necessity of incorporating CPU into carbon price forecasting in China and provides an effective tool for future forecasting efforts.

在气候政策不确定性（CPU）的背景下，准确的碳价格预测对于碳排放交易计划（ETS）的有效运行至关重要。机器学习是碳价格预测中最流行的数据驱动方法之一。然而，相对较少的研究将CPU纳入基于机器学习的碳价格预测中。本研究将中国的CPU整合到一个结合时变滤波器经验模态分解（TVFEMD）和分解-线性（DLinear）模型的混合预测框架中。本文设计了一系列多模型实验来检验CPU在预测中国碳价格中的作用，并评估了TVFEMD-DLinear框架的性能。结果表明，加入CPU显著提高了预测精度。在所有模型中，与没有CPU的模型相比，包含CPU的实验显示MAE平均降低13%，RMSE平均降低12%。在所有实验中，结合CPU的TVFEMD-DLinear框架的预测性能最好，MAE、MAPE、RMSE和MSPE最低，R2最高。来自Diebold-Mariano测试的统计证据进一步支持了这些发现。此外，对超参数和碳市场的敏感性分析证实了所提出框架预测性能的稳健性。本研究强调了将CPU纳入中国碳价格预测的必要性，并为未来的预测工作提供了有效的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological effects and strategies of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. removal in China 互花米草的生态效应与对策。在中国搬迁

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108238

Zhanbin Luo , Fu Chen , Xi-En Long , Jing Ma , Jiyou Wei , Yudi Guo , Yanfeng Zhu , Yongjun Yang , Xiaoping Ge , Yanyan Kang , Ming Zou , Lei Liu , Xuyue Pan , Sihua Huang , Lijie Pu

Huge removal projects of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. have recently been carried out in China, which is of great significance for mitigating the biological invasion. However, these removal projects might lead to secondary soil and water loss, short-term biodiversity degradation, and ecosystem imbalance. Based on this perspective, this study synthesized the development timeline, invasion causes, advantages and disadvantages of removal projects, and remediation strategies. The results showed that the development timeline of S. alterniflora has gone through five stages: exploration and experimentation, coastal guardian, positive vs negative, ecological killer, biosecurity reclamation. Due to the high reproductive and favorable external environment of S. alterniflora, it has developed into an invasive species that threatens the coastal ecosystems. Moreover, after large-scale removal projects, it might threaten the ecosystem stability in the short term while promote biodiversity in the long term. During the removal projects, there should be developed in adopting a location-specific management approach, employing diverse approaches alongside ecological restoration, reducing costs by optimizing effectiveness, promoting technological innovation and resource reutilization. This study would provide new perspectives for managing S. alterniflora and the ecological restoration of ecosystems affected by similar invasive species.

互花米草大型清除工程。这对减轻生物入侵具有重要意义。然而，这些清除工程可能导致次生水土流失、短期内生物多样性退化和生态系统失衡。基于这一视角，本研究综合了迁移项目的发展时间、入侵原因、利弊以及修复策略。结果表明，互花草的发展经历了探索与试验、海岸守护者、正面与负面、生态杀手、生物安全围垦五个阶段。由于互花草繁殖力强，外部环境有利，已发展成为威胁沿海生态系统的外来入侵物种。此外，大规模的清除工程可能在短期内威胁生态系统的稳定性，但在长期内促进生物多样性。在搬迁过程中，应坚持因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜、因地制宜。该研究将为互花草的管理和受类似入侵物种影响的生态系统的生态恢复提供新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Toward a more reliable evaluation of CO2 emissions from the firing stage of ceramic tiles within the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology 在生命周期评估（LCA）方法中对瓷砖烧制阶段的二氧化碳排放量进行更可靠的评估

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108235

Andrei Ungureanu , Antonella Sola , Paolo Neri , Roberto Rosa , Alessandro Gualtieri , Anna Maria Ferrari

The need for a more realistic evaluation of the environmental impacts caused by hard-to-abate industrial sectors, such as ceramic tiles production, is essential in order to meet the European Union (EU) target for carbon neutrality by 2050. This implies that the environmental impact assessment of ceramic processes must also account for the emissions of CO₂ arising from sources different from the natural gas combustion upon firing, with the latter being typically the only CO₂ considered according to the stoichiometry of the combustion reaction. The current study proposes a method for determining the CO₂ emissions associated with the physicochemical transformations occurring while firing the ceramic body. By integrating chemical and mineralogical composition, structural water loss estimation, and loss on ignition data, this approach enables the inclusion of these emissions in the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) phase of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). A comparative LCA, based on a reference flow of 1 m² of porcelain stoneware tile, average thickness of 9.5 mm, corresponding to a mass of 24.5 kg, showed that including these additional emissions results in an 8.4 % increase in climate change compared to conventional assessments that only consider CO₂ from natural gas combustion. Furthermore, the study challenges the conventional climate-neutrality assumption applied to biogenic CO₂ by assigning a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1 to emissions from organic matter in clay minerals—an application not previously addressed in LCA literature. This novel framework not only enhances the accuracy of carbon accounting in ceramic tile manufacturing but also provides a versatile methodology that can be applied across various ceramic products. By addressing previously overlooked emission sources, the study contributes to more realistic environmental impact assessments, supporting the EU's carbon neutrality goals and informing policy, industry practices, and future LCA standards.

为了实现欧盟（EU）到2050年实现碳中和的目标，有必要对难以减排的工业部门（如瓷砖生产）造成的环境影响进行更现实的评估。这意味着陶瓷工艺的环境影响评估还必须考虑到燃烧时不同于天然气燃烧源产生的二氧化碳排放，根据燃烧反应的化学计量学，后者通常是唯一考虑的二氧化碳。目前的研究提出了一种方法来确定与烧制陶瓷体时发生的物理化学转化相关的二氧化碳排放量。通过整合化学和矿物学成分、结构水损失估算和着火损失数据，该方法可以将这些排放纳入生命周期评估（LCA）的生命周期清单（LCI）阶段。一项比较的LCA，基于1平方米的陶瓷瓷砖的参考流量，平均厚度为9.5毫米，对应的质量为24.5公斤，表明，与只考虑天然气燃烧产生的二氧化碳的传统评估相比，包括这些额外的排放导致气候变化增加8.4%。此外，该研究通过将粘土矿物中有机质排放的全球变暖潜势（GWP）赋值为1，挑战了应用于生物源二氧化碳的传统气候中立假设——这是LCA文献中以前没有提到的应用。这种新颖的框架不仅提高了瓷砖制造中碳核算的准确性，而且提供了一种通用的方法，可以应用于各种陶瓷产品。通过解决以前被忽视的排放源，该研究有助于更现实的环境影响评估，支持欧盟的碳中和目标，并为政策、行业实践和未来的LCA标准提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Polluted skies, rational moves: Uncovering the mechanisms and heterogeneities of individuals' migration under pollution exposure 污染的天空，理性的迁移：揭示污染暴露下个体迁移的机制和异质性

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108221

Guanfei Meng , Jianglong Li

Avoidance behavior in response to air pollution has become an increasingly salient feature of individual rational decision-making, yet its short-term effects on population mobility remain insufficiently understood. Leveraging over million intercity travel records from AutoNavi Maps with city-daily pollution data in China, our findings reveal that a 100-point increase in Air Quality Index (AQI) differences between two cities leads to a 3.03 % net population flows to the less polluted city, implying that 13 % of population mobility is driven by pollution avoidance behavior in our sample. We further uncover that individuals' migration decisions are driven by air quality expectations but gradually diminish over time as constraints and adjustments take effect. Additionally, pollution spillovers deter nearby migration, while significant AQI differences drive short-distance moves, constrained by distance-related relocation costs. Finally, migration responses to pollution intensify during autumn, winter, and holidays, and become more pronounced as health awareness increases over time. Spatially, pollution-induced inflows concentrate in top-tier cities, while outflows are more prominent in lower-tier cities. These results offer new insights into the ways air pollution influences individual decision-making and behavioral patterns, and have important implications for policy interventions aimed at mitigating the adverse impacts of air pollution on population dynamics.

对空气污染的回避行为已成为个体理性决策日益突出的特征，但其对人口流动的短期影响仍未得到充分认识。利用来自高德地图的超过100万条城际旅行记录和中国城市的日常污染数据，我们的研究结果显示，两个城市之间的空气质量指数（AQI）差异每增加100点，就会导致3.03%的净人口流向污染较轻的城市，这意味着在我们的样本中，13%的人口流动是由污染避免行为驱动的。我们进一步发现，个人的迁移决定是由对空气质量的预期驱动的，但随着时间的推移，限制和调整的作用逐渐减弱。此外，污染溢出会阻碍附近的迁移，而显著的空气质量差异会推动短途迁移，这受到与距离相关的搬迁成本的限制。最后，对污染的迁移反应在秋季、冬季和节假日期间加剧，随着时间的推移，随着健康意识的增强，迁移反应变得更加明显。从空间上看，污染导致的流入集中在一线城市，而流出在低线城市更为突出。这些结果对空气污染影响个人决策和行为模式的方式提供了新的见解，并对旨在减轻空气污染对人口动态的不利影响的政策干预具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

From policy to purity: The impact of China's watershed ecological compensation on water quality 从政策到纯净：中国流域生态补偿对水质的影响

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108233

Qi Wang , Man Zhang , Yanhong Jin

The Watershed Ecological Compensation (WEC) policy has attracted global attention for its potential to improve water quality. Unlike many international models, China's WEC policies are largely state-mediated, with governments playing a dominant role in policy design, implementation, enforcement, and fiscal transfers. They incorporate market-based incentives by linking compensation and/or penalties to measurable water quality outcomes. This study investigates the effects of China's WEC policies using national data from both water quality monitoring stations and city-level records from 2004 to 2018. Employing generalized staggered difference-in-difference (SDID) estimations, we find that WEC policies result in an 18.2% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) intensity, a 43.8% reduction in ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) intensity, and a 3.5 percentage point increase in the likelihood of achieving good water quality. Reductions in COD and NH₃-N intensities become statistically significant one year after policy implementation, while improvements in overall water quality are evident after three years. City-level SDID estimations show that WEC policies reduce industrial wastewater emissions and agricultural use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, with horizontal policies proving more effective than vertical ones. We also find that WEC policies are less effective at reducing agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer use in major grain-producing regions compared with non-major regions, possibly due to the higher priority placed on national food security in these areas. These findings offer important insights for countries implementing WEC, emphasizing the potential of incentive-based approaches and intergovernmental coordination in improving water quality.

流域生态补偿（WEC）政策因其改善水质的潜力而受到全球关注。与许多国际模式不同，中国的世界经济共同体政策在很大程度上是由国家主导的，政府在政策设计、实施、执行和财政转移方面发挥主导作用。它们通过将补偿和/或处罚与可衡量的水质结果联系起来，纳入基于市场的激励措施。本研究利用2004年至2018年的水质监测站和城市记录的国家数据，调查了中国WEC政策的影响。采用广义交错差中差（SDID）估计，我们发现WEC政策导致化学需氧量（COD）强度降低18.2%，氨氮（NH₃-N）强度降低43.8%，实现良好水质的可能性增加3.5个百分点。在政策实施一年后，COD和NH3-N强度的降低具有统计学意义，而总体水质的改善在三年后是明显的。城市层面的SDID估计表明，WEC政策减少了工业废水排放和农业氮磷肥的使用，横向政策比纵向政策更有效。我们还发现，与非主产区相比，WEC政策在减少粮食主产区的农业氮磷肥使用方面效果较差，这可能是由于这些地区对国家粮食安全的重视程度更高。这些发现为实施世界水生态系统的国家提供了重要的见解，强调了基于激励的方法和政府间协调在改善水质方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of stakeholder perspectives and mobile app potential to mainstream CE strategies in single family housing sector 调查利益相关者的观点和移动应用程序的潜力，主流的CE战略在单户住宅部门

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108229

Aleksandra Kręt-Grześkowiak, Magdalena Baborska-Narożny

While quantitative studies demonstrate the environmental benefits of Circular Economy (CE) strategies in construction, their ecological gains are context-specific, with no universally optimal solutions. Consequently, implementation of CE requires contextualized knowledge and cooperation, including tailored business models and often non-linear supply chain (SC)- demands that are especially challenging in the fragmented construction sector. Local challenges of mainstreaming CE into practice are gaining research attention; however, relevant social studies are scarce. This study addresses this gap by examining SC stakeholders' perspectives on CE strategies, and by assessing the potential of mobile app to support their implementation. The research focuses on Poland's single-family (SF) construction sector as an example of early-stage, circularity-oriented market. The study involves exploratory interviews with prefabricated house manufacturers, literature review on CE strategies, implementation theories, and the single-family housing SC, all contributing to development of an expert survey (n = 60) involving all relevant stakeholder groups. Findings indicate a general willingness to apply CE strategies, but understanding varies among stakeholders. Two SF context-specific characteristics were established: 1) distinct approaches to investment coordination- self-managing or self-building versus general contractors, and 2) a strong preference for wet masonry, with other technologies, including biobased materials, gradually gaining attention. The diversity of investment approaches suggests that imposing a particular top-down circular strategy on investors would be counterproductive. Therefore, an awareness-raising approach is recommended. The mobile app demonstrated potential as a CE guidance and mapping tool. Specific contextual recommendations for distinct audiences are proposed based on the study findings.

虽然定量研究表明循环经济（CE）战略在建筑中的环境效益，但其生态效益是具体情况的，没有普遍的最优解决方案。因此，实施CE需要情境化的知识和合作，包括量身定制的商业模式和通常是非线性的供应链（SC）——这些要求在分散的建筑行业尤其具有挑战性。将行政执行纳入实践的地方挑战正在引起研究的关注；然而，相关的社会研究却很少。本研究通过检查SC利益相关者对CE战略的看法，并通过评估移动应用程序支持其实施的潜力，解决了这一差距。该研究的重点是波兰的独栋建筑行业，作为早期循环导向市场的一个例子。该研究包括对预制房屋制造商的探索性访谈，对CE策略的文献回顾，实施理论，以及单户住宅SC，所有这些都有助于开发涉及所有相关利益相关者群体的专家调查（n = 60）。研究结果表明，企业普遍愿意采用环境绩效策略，但各利益相关者的理解有所不同。研究建立了SF的两个特定环境特征：1)不同的投资协调方式——自我管理或自建，而不是总承包商；2)对湿砌体的强烈偏好，其他技术，包括生物基材料，逐渐受到关注。投资方式的多样性表明，对投资者强加一种自上而下的循环策略会适得其反。因此，建议采取提高认识的方法。这款手机应用展示了作为CE指导和地图工具的潜力。根据研究结果，提出了针对不同受众的具体上下文建议。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological restoration strategies towards environmental suitability and social equity on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108228

Xuejing Leng , Xiaoming Feng , Jiangxiao Qiu , Jun Wang , Xiao Zhang , Yu Feng , Bojie Fu

Deploying large-scale ecological restoration and conservation projects on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), aimed at achieving maximum of ecosystem multifunctionality within the constraints of ecological conditions, which have transboundary impacts on China and downstream countries. So far, there has no actionable solution to link residents' perceptions and ecosystem management strategies, epistemic injustice occurs throughout the ecosystem management decision-making process, even though residents are the actual participants in them, especially in the QTP, obstructing the realization of social equity. Here, a spatial-explicit Nature-based Equity Space was constructed to quantify how to improve ecosystem multifunctionality by ecological restoration, linking to both residents' perceptions and environmental suitability. The results allude to the potential of enhancing multifunctionality by 4.04 % (3.28 ± 8.07 % among prefectures) and demonstrate grassland restoration as the most critical strategy and promising pathway. Further, constructed optimized QTP reveal important spatial interactions between local social equity and environmental suitability indicators, where approximately 2.68 million people reside in the synergistic region, 7.14 million residents in the uncoupled region, and even a further 3.28 million people in a “lose-lose” region. The research framework offers operational pathways for spatial allocation aimed at linking residents' perceptions with ecosystem management strategies for the QTP, thereby guiding the direction of regional sustainable development planning to achieve both environmental suitability and social equity.

到目前为止，还没有可行的解决方案将居民的认知与生态系统管理策略联系起来，认知不公贯穿于生态系统管理决策过程，即使居民是实际参与者，特别是在QTP中，阻碍了社会公平的实现。在这里，我们构建了一个空间明确的基于自然的公平空间，以量化如何通过生态恢复来改善生态系统的多功能性，将居民的感知和环境适宜性联系起来。结果表明，草地的多功能化潜力提高了4.04%（地级为3.28±8.07%），草地恢复是最关键的策略和最有希望的途径。此外，构建的优化QTP揭示了当地社会公平和环境适宜性指标之间的重要空间相互作用，其中协同区域约有268万人居住，不耦合区域约有714万人居住，甚至还有328万人居住在“双输”区域。研究框架提供了空间分配的操作路径，旨在将居民的感知与QTP的生态系统管理策略联系起来，从而指导区域可持续发展规划的方向，以实现环境适宜性和社会公平。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental assessment in Estonia – A quest for an effective EA system 爱沙尼亚的环境评估-寻求有效的环境评估系统

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108230

Charlotta Faith-Ell , Heikki Kalle , Jos Arts

The effectiveness of Environmental Assessment (EA) has been intensively discussed in academia and practice. However, few studies provided a longitudinal analysis of a country or examined in-depth the interactions with the institutional context. This article aims to contribute to the understanding of EA-effectiveness by examining the interaction of EA with planning and decision-making institutions. Therefore, we present an in-depth historical analysis of how EA together with the planning and decision-making system evolved over time, using Estonia as a case. We developed an analytical framework to analyse the various effectiveness dimensions of EA (procedural, substantive, transactive, legitimacy, and knowledge& learning) and their interactions with the broader institutional setting of planning and decision-making, and conducted document analysis (of regulations, policies and evaluations), interviews and a focus group, reviewing the period between 1988 and 2024. Important findings include that the dominance of the effectiveness dimensions is dynamic characterized by the interaction between the EA-system and the broader institutional setting of the planning system. Furthermore, there is interaction between the different dimensions of effectiveness over time. This means that EA effectiveness cannot be fully understood by examining one single effectiveness dimension nor by considering EA in isolation; the broader institutional context must be considered. To improve EA effectiveness, it is crucial to acknowledge this, and to address multiple effectiveness dimensions as well as the broader institutional setting. Perhaps the key to enhancing EA effectiveness lies beyond EA itself, which aligns with its original role as an instrument to aid decision-making and planning.

环境评价的有效性在学术界和实践中都有广泛的讨论。然而，很少有研究对一个国家进行纵向分析或深入审查与体制背景的相互作用。本文旨在通过研究环境评估与规划和决策机构的相互作用来促进对环境评估有效性的理解。因此，我们以爱沙尼亚为例，对EA与计划和决策系统如何随着时间的推移而演变进行了深入的历史分析。我们开发了一个分析框架来分析EA的各种有效性维度（程序性、实体性、交互性、合法性和知识与学习）及其与更广泛的规划和决策机构环境的相互作用，并进行了文件分析（法规、政策和评估）、访谈和焦点小组，回顾了1988年至2024年这段时间。重要的发现包括有效性维度的主导地位是动态的，其特点是环境评估系统与规划系统的更广泛的机构设置之间的相互作用。此外，随着时间的推移，有效性的不同维度之间存在相互作用。这意味着，通过检查单一有效性维度或孤立地考虑环境评估，无法充分了解环境评估的有效性；必须考虑到更广泛的体制背景。为了提高EA的有效性，认识到这一点并处理多个有效性维度以及更广泛的制度设置是至关重要的。也许增强EA有效性的关键在于EA本身之外，它与它作为辅助决策和计划的工具的原始角色保持一致。

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引用次数: 0