Environmental Impact Assessment Review最新文献

{"title":"Individual mobility and heat exposure: Distinguishing residence-based and mobility-based assessments","authors":"Heng Wu,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human mobility is essential for accurately estimating individual heat exposure, yet most assessments still rely on residence-based measures that neglect daily movements. How mobility patterns influence heat exposure across different urban contexts remains underexplored. This study used mobile phone signaling data to capture individual mobility and employed a numerical model to simulate mean radiant temperature. Residence-based exposure (RBE) and mobility-based exposure (MBE) to heat were estimated in Chongqing and Chengdu, and the differences between the two were examined. Interpretable machine learning was then applied to explore the nonlinear effects of mobility indicators on estimated differences (|MBE–RBE|). Estimated results show that RBE can both overestimate and underestimate heat exposure, leading to biases relative to MBE. These differences were larger in Chongqing, reflecting its more complex mobility patterns. In Chongqing, human flows were more dispersed toward scattered subcenters, increasing exposure, whereas in Chengdu, flows concentrated toward a few employment centers, reducing exposure. Machine learning analysis revealed that mobility indicators substantially influenced the estimated differences. Out-of-home duration had a positive effect once exceeding 6 h, stabilizing beyond 12 h. Travel frequency exerted a positive effect within an effective range from 2 to 4 trips, particularly in Chongqing. Radius of gyration showed a positive effect beyond 3 km, with diminishing marginal effects after 10 km, especially in Chengdu. These findings highlight the methodological importance of incorporating mobility into heat-related assessments and provide evidence for designing targeted planning and adaptation strategies to reduce urban heat risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108292"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the assessors: A systematic review of neighbourhood sustainability assessment tool effectiveness","authors":"Tayyaba Riaz ,&nbsp;Aysin Dedekorkut-Howes ,&nbsp;Tony Matthews ,&nbsp;Scott Baum","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neighbourhood Sustainability Assessment Tools (NSATs) have been essential instruments for evaluating and guiding sustainable urban development. Despite insights provided into various aspects of sustainability assessment in the literature, limited research focuses on how effectively NSATs measure sustainability or what should be benchmarked in their assessment criteria. This study addresses this gap by identifying key factors that contribute to NSAT effectiveness. A systematic literature review, guided by PRISMA protocols, analyses 70 peer-reviewed articles from Scopus and Web of Science. Thematic analysis identifies three core dimensions that influence NSAT effectiveness: performance, applicability, and operational efficiency. Effective NSATs incorporate comprehensive assessment frameworks, standardised metrics, balanced sustainability dimensions, clear prerequisites, and long-term performance tracking. Applicability improves through policy alignment, institutional integration, and stakeholder engagement. Operational efficiency results from technological integration, cost-effective processes, and data-driven decision-making. The study proposes benchmark criteria to guide the development and evaluation of NSATs and demonstrates how standardised indicators and GIS-enabled workflows support benchmark-based planning decisions. It emphasises the need for tools that remain consistent, adaptable, and capable of driving measurable progress toward sustainable urban outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108295"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abandonment duration shapes reuse strategies and benefits of abandoned cropland in China","authors":"Yixin Liao ,&nbsp;Chenrui Luo ,&nbsp;Xue Wang ,&nbsp;Jialin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Huang ,&nbsp;Xinliang Xu ,&nbsp;Rui Qin ,&nbsp;Yuanwei Qin ,&nbsp;Luo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reuse potential of abandoned cropland is significantly affected by the duration of abandonment. Ignoring such variation may lead to inefficient resource allocation. However, a systematic understanding of how abandonment duration shapes reuse strategies and associated multi-objective benefits remains limited. To address this gap, we excluded ecological restoration areas and identified the spatial distribution of abandoned cropland of varying durations across China. We then applied an interpretable machine learning model to distinguish between recultivation and afforestation pathways and quantified their potential benefits in terms of food production and carbon storage. The results are as follows: (1) The total abandoned cropland area reached 126 thousand km², mainly located in China's second topographic step. Both abandonment area and recultivation probability decreased with longer abandonment duration, with 52.2 thousand km² abandoned for up to 10 years and 73.7 thousand km² for 11 to 33 years. (2) Abandoned cropland can be reused through two pathways: 70.2 thousand km² via recultivation and 34.5 thousand km² via afforestation. (3) Reusing abandoned cropland could yield 26.3 million tons of food, enough to feed 66 million people, and sequester 570 million tons of carbon, equivalent to 16.6 % of China's annual emissions. Recultivation of short-term abandonment offers higher production gains, as the per-area yield potential declines with increasing abandonment duration. This study emphasizes that abandonment duration should be taken into account when formulating land use policies for abandoned cropland reuse. The findings provide valuable insights for enhancing food security and supporting carbon neutrality goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108281"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existing gaps in understanding Sustainable Development Goals interactions: Insights from a systematic review","authors":"Utkarsh Ashok Khot ,&nbsp;Anne Warchold ,&nbsp;Prajal Pradhan","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most countries remain off track to fulfil the 2030 Agenda's 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets. One key challenge to achieving the 2030 Agenda lies in trade-offs arising from cherry-picking goals or targets at the expense of others. Overlooking these SDG interactions, i.e., synergies and trade-offs, risks creating conflicting policies that undermine the interconnected nature of sustainable development. Hence, there is a need to comprehensively understand how the interactions are being addressed in the growing body of literature. This study provides a systematic review of 272 articles selected from an initial search of 1818. The review reveals that interactions between targets within individual goals and occurring across different geographic boundaries are understudied. The fragmented representation of geographic scales in existing studies highlights another gap, emphasizing the need to understand local SDG interactions. Further, SDG interaction studies infrequently focus on low-income countries, revealing a geographic bias. Notably, an imbalance persists in SDG coverage, with SDGs requiring complex social, institutional, or political engagement (e.g., SDGs 5, 10, 16, and 17) remaining underrepresented in the literature. Most interaction studies focus on goal level rather than more granular target or indicator level analysis. By observing the trends and co-occurrence of methods used for interaction analysis, this study highlights the dominance of qualitative text-based and stakeholder-inclusive methods and a need to develop new approaches to analyze the interactions underlying causal mechanisms. By identifying key gaps and trends, this review can be leveraged to advance the research landscape, guiding the prioritization of SDGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108274"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing policies for health impact and cost reduction from PM2.5 formation","authors":"Maywalin Jumsai Na Ayudhya ,&nbsp;Shabbir H. Gheewala ,&nbsp;Vladimir Strezov ,&nbsp;Jitti Mungkalasiri ,&nbsp;Sirima Panyametheekul ,&nbsp;Ekbordin Winijkul ,&nbsp;Trakarn Prapaspongsa","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) poses significant health and economic burdens, particularly in developing regions, such as Southeast Asia. This study assesses the health impacts and economic costs of PM_2.5 formation in Thailand and evaluates mitigation policies to reduce these effects by 2037. Analyses at the city to national level examine major emission sources, including road transport, industry, power generation, household activities, open burning of agricultural waste, livestock, fertilizer application, and forest fires. Without intervention, health impacts are projected to increase by 22 % from 2022 levels, reaching 403,373 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) annually and resulting in an economic burden of 301 billion Thai Baht (THB) per year. Scenario analysis identifies the best integrated mitigation strategy, which includes <em>E</em>-Buses, reducing energy consumption in industry and power generation, banning agricultural residue open burning, and decreasing forest fire hotspots. This strategy could reduce health impacts by up to 70 % and could yield an economic benefit of approximately 211 billion THB annually. A ban on agricultural burning is identified as one of the most effective interventions, potentially eliminating 38 % of the health burden in Thailand. Findings highlight the urgency of comprehensive, multi-sectoral policies to mitigate PM_2.5 pollution, with emphasis on agricultural waste management and enhanced emission controls. These insights provide a framework for other Southeast Asian countries facing similar air pollution challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108265"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the evolution and mechanism of urban carbon emission efficiency: A perspective of urban scaling law","authors":"Jinfang Pu ,&nbsp;Yumeng Li ,&nbsp;Dawei Cai ,&nbsp;Songpei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving urban carbon emission efficiency (UCEE) is essential for achieving low-carbon city goals. However, traditional UCEE evaluation methods, relying on linear relationship assumptions, frequently fail to accurately capture the actual carbon emission performance of cities. To address this gap, this study proposes a novel UCEE evaluation framework based on the urban scaling law and investigates the transition pathways for improving UCEE using Generalized Structural Equation Modeling (GSEM). The results demonstrate that the UCEE evaluation framework based on urban scaling law can effectively assess UCEE by mitigating city size effects. This approach reveals the coexistence of “large and efficient” cities alongside “small and green” ones. Furthermore, spatiotemporal analysis of UCEE uncovers significant path dependence in its evolution. This study further identifies the transition mechanisms of UCEE based on the GSEM. The results indicate that economic development indirectly facilitates UCEE transition by positively moderating green innovation and environmental regulation intensity, while foreign direct investment exerts both positive and negative influences in this process. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis reveals that megacities possess scale advantages in promoting UCEE transition through green innovation and environmental regulations, whereas resource-based cities are trapped in a carbon lock-in effect. These findings underscore the critical role of UCEE evaluation framework based on urban scaling law in addressing inherent biases in conventional assessments and provide novel insights. Policymakers should effectively coordinate multiple drivers based on urban functional positioning to break the path dependency inertia of UCEE. This study offers valuable scientific insights for promoting sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108279"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation of life cycle-based emission factors for administrative services: A replicable framework for climate action in the public sector","authors":"Enrico Nocentini,&nbsp;Michela Marchi,&nbsp;Dario Caro,&nbsp;Fabiola Tropea,&nbsp;Nicoletta Patrizi,&nbsp;Federico Maria Pulselli","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Municipal services are rarely evaluated systematically for their environmental impacts. This study introduces an innovative life-cycle-based methodology for calculating emission factors for 21 municipal services, thereby filling a critical gap in public-sector impact assessment.</div><div>Services are classified into administrative office services (e.g., identity card issuance, residence changes, marriage licenses) and macro-services (e.g., school canteen management, green maintenance, bulky waste collection). While administrative office services are often considered intangible and underestimated in environmental terms, both types require significant resources and generate measurable impacts.</div><div>The methodology quantifies Carbon Footprints (CFs) of municipal services, producing emission factors per functional unit. Unlike previous fragmented assessments focused on specific sectors or public activities, this study applies a unified, systems-based framework. The results are consolidated into a structured database made of standardized emission factors (EFs), which serve as proxies when site-specific data are unavailable and facilitate replication across different institutions and geographic contexts. Applied in the Municipality of Grosseto (Italy), results show that macro-services account for 78.55 % of total emissions (particularly from school canteens and green maintenance), while site inspections and document processing are the most impactful administrative functions.</div><div>The approach helps local authorities identify emission hotspots and align services with strategic planning tools such as Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans (SECAPs).</div><div>By providing a flexible and transferable evaluation framework, this study advances environmental accounting practices in the public sector and supports evidence-based climate strategies with broader policy relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108294"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the nonlinear effects of traditional rural streetscape features on visual quality based on the XGBoost-SHAP model","authors":"Lanhong Ren ,&nbsp;Wei Xiong ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Aihemaiti Namaiti ,&nbsp;Jie Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of a global trend emphasizing livable environments and cultural heritage preservation, the “internal–external imbalance” in the visual quality of traditional village streetscapes has become a bottleneck constraining the development of China's “Beautiful and Livable Countryside”. Current research on rural streetscape features fails to effectively integrate neurocognitive mechanisms with local cultural attributes. Furthermore, its reliance on linear models limits the capture of complex nonlinear relationships. This study takes She Village, a traditional village in the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta region of China, as a case study. We established an indicator system comprising 23 streetscape features by integrating neurocognitive mechanisms and local cultural attributes. This indicator system adheres to the principles of human visual processing, offering a theoretical foundation for streetscape feature selection. We compared an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) linear model with five machine learning models and selected XGBoost model. This study uncovered nonlinear mechanisms underlying the effect of streetscape features on visual quality in traditional rural contexts, which differ from predominantly urban-focused studies. We further constructed the “dual-hierarchy” theory of streetscape visual quality. The findings demonstrate: The dominant factors affecting rural streetscape visual quality are, in sequence, culture, building, coordination of style, green, road, fence, streetlight, and color diversity. This confirms the critical role of cultural attributes in rural visual quality. It reveals threshold effects and interaction effects that influence the visual quality of rural streetscapes, which differ from those in urban areas. The thresholds for diminishing marginal benefits of green and road elements are 0.1 and 0.05, respectively. Building view index has a critical threshold at 0.6; beyond this value, its effect on visual quality shifts from positive to negative. Cultural attributes (coordination of style and culture) interact with building, green, Std-depth, and sky. Based on k-means clustering, we formulated targeted, precise improvement strategies for traditional villages focusing on optimizing streetscape configuration, emphasizing cultural characteristics, and strengthening threshold control. This study provides a reference method for identifying and optimizing rural streetscape visual quality in other regions, promoting the sustainable development of rural human settlements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108282"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating life cycle and techno-economic assessment for bio-based lactic acid production from industrial residues","authors":"Jesús Ibáñez ,&nbsp;David Blanco-Alcántara ,&nbsp;Jose Manuel Perales-Fernández ,&nbsp;María López-Abelairas ,&nbsp;Daniel Silva ,&nbsp;Tiago Ramos da Silva ,&nbsp;Helena Monteiro ,&nbsp;Agata Olszewska-Widdrat ,&nbsp;Joachim Venus ,&nbsp;Charilaos Xiros ,&nbsp;Anders Wallenius ,&nbsp;Sonia Martel-Martín ,&nbsp;Rocío Barros","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluating the economic viability and environmental impact of emerging technologies is crucial for the transition to a bio-based economy. This study proposes a methodology to assess the environmental and economic performance of bio-based lactic acid (LA) production by scaling up from pilot to industrial levels using fiber sludge, a residue from the pulp and paper industry, as a feedstock. Process design, Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) were conducted at pilot scale to identify key environmental and economic hotspots. External costs were estimated following the environmental Life Cycle Costing (eLCC) approach using the Environmental Prices (EP) method. At the pilot scale, the LCA indicated a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 3.87 kg CO₂-eq, which aligns with the values reported in previous studies. Scaling up to different plant capacities revealed the potential economies of scale. At a production rate of 50 kt per year, the Minimum Selling Price (MSP) was estimated at 1.71€/kg, which is comparable to that of other bio-based LA production routes. Assuming proportional environmental impacts from pilot to industrial scale, external costs were integrated into the MSP, resulting in adjusted values of 2.04€/kg (lower value), 2.21€/kg (central value), and 2.46 €/kg (upper value). Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses using Monte Carlo simulations indicated an 87.5 % probability of achieving a positive Net Present Value (NPV). This study highlights the need for standardised methodologies to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of emerging bio-based technologies, particularly when accounting for external costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108291"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of global Ramsar wetlands under intensifying precipitation extremes: Arid regions as emerging hotspots","authors":"Deepak Mishra,&nbsp;Nakka Naveen Kumar,&nbsp;Shekhar Singh,&nbsp;Manish Kumar Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wetlands are critical ecosystems sustaining ecological balance, climate regulation, water purification, and biodiversity, yet climate-induced precipitation extremes pose growing threats to their hydrological stability worldwide. This study investigates hydroclimatic regime shifts across 2490 Ramsar wetlands using a climate-informed framework integrating precipitation variability and extremes, assessed through a multi-model ensemble of 13 CMIP6 models for historical (1951–2024) and SSP585 future (2025–2100) periods. In arid regions, annual precipitation increased 9.3 % (337.3 to 368.7 mm) while Ramsar wetlands expanded 14.5 % (447 to 512 sites), reflecting spatial growth under evolving hydroclimatic regimes. Despite remaining driest, arid wetlands exhibit heightened hydrological stress with RR95 frequency rising 16.36 %, R95pTOT contributions increasing 7.74 % (11.21 % to 12.08 %), SDII rising 9.5 % (2.1 to 2.3 mm/day), and Rx1 climbing 11.9 % (12.6 to 14.1 mm), indicating greater event-scale intensity. Across all climate zones, wetland-year records exceeding extreme rainfall thresholds increased significantly, reaching 95 % for R95pTOT in temperate zones and over 80 % in arid regions, demonstrating a global shift toward clustered, intense precipitation events. The expansion of arid zone wetlands coupled with increasing extremes creates a paradoxical risk where short, intense water bursts undermine ecosystem resilience, intensify flash flooding, and disrupt fragile wetland hydrology. These findings underscore urgent needs for climate-resilient wetland management policies tailored to arid and vulnerable regions, with targeted adaptation strategies including early warning systems, sustainable land use, and nature-based solutions essential for preserving wetland integrity aligned with SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 14 (Life Below Water).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 108275"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}