The complex international situation threatens global trade, emphasizing the role of domestic industrial divisions. However, whether the economic linkage changes brought by thriving domestic divisions burden emission reductions hasn't received enough attention, though it's vital for carbon neutrality. To fill this gap, we developed a novel analytical framework by constructing a Global-Chinese-provincial Nested Multi-regional Input-Output (NMRIO) table, enabling comprehensive analysis across global, regional, and sub-national scales. We attempted to determine whether domestic divisions would impose a greater burden on sub-national emission reduction and how they function compared to participation in global divisions. We found that provincial participation in domestic divisions showed an upward trend during the study periods. However, compared with global divisions, domestic industrial divisions demonstrate a stronger effect increasing carbon emissions. Such emission growth is primarily driven by production scale expansion and carbonization of sub-sector structures within aggregate industries. Technology-driven reduction in carbon emission intensity is critical to mitigating the rise in emissions under domestic divisions, particularly between provinces in western and central regions and eastern regions. Global regional analysis shows that divisions with EU and North American countries will increase the carbon emissions, while those with the One Belt and One Road have no significant emission effects. Moreover, in the global divisions, a higher proportion of vertical specialization helps mitigate carbon emissions in provinces, while in the domestic divisions, a more downstream position can more significantly alleviate the carbon emissions driven by divisions.
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