Environmental Impact Assessment Review最新文献_第3页

Flash flood risk governance system in China and its governance effectiveness 中国山洪风险治理体系及其治理效果

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108345

Xinjun He , Yiping Fang , Xueyuan Huang , Liang Emlyn Yang , Yun Xu , Jia Liu , Yang Guo , Anqi Zhu

In mountainous regions worldwide, more than 1.1 billion people face the threat of flash floods, a risk exacerbated by climate change and intensified human activity, highlighting the urgent need for effective flash flood risk governance systems. This study examines flash flood risk governance in rural mountainous China by linking an institutional analysis of a state-led, multi-level governance system with a household-level assessment of governance effectiveness. Drawing on survey data from 811 households in flash flood-prone villages, we construct a latent index of flood safety cognition, grounded in the psychometric paradigm and institutional trust theory, and estimate a structural equation model to identify how mitigation measures at government, community and household scales jointly influence this outcome. Government-led measures have the strongest positive effect on flood safety cognition, while community and household actions also contribute but to a lesser extent. Structural interventions such as dikes, river channel restoration, infrastructure upgrades and resettlement, together with timely emergency relief, significantly enhance perceived safety.Community institutions such as village regulations and traditional knowledge reinforce these effects. By contrast, house foundation elevation is negatively associated with safety cognition, reflecting reverse causality and selection among the most exposed and constrained households rather than failure of the measure itself. Robustness checks and sensitivity analyses confirm that these patterns are stable. Beyond the model results, the analysis offers a dialectical perspective on China's flash flood governance system, highlighting both the strengths of strong leadership, responsibility arrangements and fiscal transfers and the tensions created by upgraded responses, early warning precision gaps and fragmented multi-hazard governance. The study suggests that lessons from this case are best understood as transferable principles, including multi-level accountability with matched authority and resources, integration of flood risk governance into broader development agendas, explicit attention to compound risks and the combination of structural measures with community institutions, nature-based solutions and regulated public-private partnerships.

在全球山区，超过11亿人面临山洪暴发的威胁，气候变化和人类活动加剧加剧了这一风险，因此迫切需要建立有效的山洪暴发风险治理系统。本研究通过将国家主导的多层次治理体系的制度分析与家庭层面的治理有效性评估联系起来，考察了中国农村山区的山洪风险治理。基于对811个易发洪水村庄家庭的调查数据，基于心理测量范式和制度信任理论，构建了洪水安全认知的潜在指数，并估计了一个结构方程模型，以确定政府、社区和家庭尺度上的减灾措施如何共同影响这一结果。政府主导的措施对洪水安全认知的正向影响最大，社区和家庭行为对洪水安全认知的正向影响较小。结构干预措施，如堤防、河道修复、基础设施升级和重新安置，加上及时的紧急救济，大大提高了人们的安全感。村庄规章和传统知识等社区制度加强了这些影响。相比之下，房屋基础高程与安全认知呈负相关，反映了最暴露和受约束家庭之间的反向因果关系和选择，而不是措施本身的失败。鲁棒性检查和敏感性分析证实这些模式是稳定的。除了模型结果之外，该分析还提供了对中国山洪治理体系的辩证视角，强调了强有力的领导、责任安排和财政转移的优势，以及升级的应对措施、早期预警精度差距和分散的多灾害治理所带来的紧张局势。该研究表明，从这个案例中吸取的教训最好被理解为可转移的原则，包括具有匹配权限和资源的多层次问责制、将洪水风险治理纳入更广泛的发展议程、明确关注复合风险、将结构性措施与社区机构、基于自然的解决方案和受监管的公私伙伴关系相结合。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the spatiotemporal dynamics of wildfire drivers in Southeast Asia: An explainable spatial machine learning framework 评估东南亚野火驱动因素的时空动态：一个可解释的空间机器学习框架

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108337

Lei Xia , Zhixian Yang , Yongling Yang , Liang Han , Chengwen Jia , Jie Li , Wenxuan Fan , Rui Liu

Southeast Asia (SEA), a global wildfire hotspot, faces environmental challenges profoundly influenced by the complex interactions among climate, human activities, and vegetation. However, the spatial heterogeneity and seasonal dynamics driving these wildfires remain poorly understood. To elucidate factors influencing wildfire intensity (WI), we established a spatially explicit analytical framework combining Geographical-XGBoost (G-XGBoost) with explainable AI (SHAP). We proposed the Spatial SHAP Hotspot Analysis (SSHA) and Driver Balance Index (DBI) to quantitatively assess driver contributions and system stability. The analysis revealed a distinct spatiotemporal decoupling between high-intensity and high-frequency fire regimes. The G-XGBoost model captured these patterns (annual R² = 0.937), confirming its robustness for driver assessment. Crucially, our SHAP analysis revealed the seasonal importance and interactions of contributing features. Results highlighted the multifaceted predictive importance of human activities in spring and autumn. They also emphasized the contribution of summer precipitation to WI and the strong interaction between spring agricultural activities and humidity. For example, shifting cultivation and relative humidity were the most critical predictors in spring, while leaf area and meteorological factors became the dominant features in summer. These patterns marked a transition in the fire system from ignition-dominated to fuel-climate-limited. The SSHA framework visualized the spatial non-stationarity of predictor effects, identifying regions where variables such as relative humidity switched from limiting to promoting factors. The DBI quantified the systemic balance of opposing forces, pinpointing promotion-dominated high-risk zones. This study provides a novel, systems-based perspective for understanding complex wildfire dynamics and offers a valuable foundation for developing targeted fire responses.

气候、人类活动和植被之间复杂的相互作用深刻影响着全球野火热点地区东南亚面临的环境挑战。然而，驱动这些野火的空间异质性和季节动态仍然知之甚少。为了阐明野火强度（WI）的影响因素，我们建立了一个结合地理xgboost （G-XGBoost）和可解释AI （SHAP）的空间显式分析框架。我们提出了空间SHAP热点分析（SSHA）和驾驶员平衡指数（DBI）来定量评估驾驶员贡献和系统稳定性。分析表明，高强度和高频火灾之间存在明显的时空解耦。G-XGBoost模型捕获了这些模式（年R2 = 0.937），证实了其对驾驶员评估的稳健性。至关重要的是，我们的SHAP分析揭示了贡献特征的季节性重要性和相互作用。研究结果强调了人类活动在春秋两季的多方面预测重要性。他们还强调了夏季降水对WI的贡献以及春季农业活动与湿度之间的强相互作用。在春季，轮作和相对湿度是最重要的预测因子，而在夏季，叶面积和气象因子是主要的预测因子。这些模式标志着消防系统从点火为主向燃料-气候有限过渡。SSHA框架可视化了预测效应的空间非平稳性，确定了相对湿度等变量从限制因素转变为促进因素的区域。DBI量化了对立力量的系统平衡，精确定位了晋升主导的高风险区域。这项研究为理解复杂的野火动态提供了一个新颖的、基于系统的视角，并为制定有针对性的火灾响应提供了有价值的基础。

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引用次数: 0

An analytical framework of quantifying carbon emission impacts of construction and demolition waste circularity and trading: A case study of the UK 建筑与拆除垃圾循环与交易的碳排放影响量化分析框架——以英国为例

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108343

Yifu Ou , Amos Darko , Alessandro Manzardo , Luca Mora , Zhikang Bao

Developing a circular economy (CE) for construction and demolition waste (CDW) presents a promising pathway to decarbonize the construction industry by reducing reliance on carbon-intensive primary material production. However, most existing studies rely on life cycle assessment (LCA) approaches and treat CDW flows as isolated processes, overlooking the broader economy-wide emission consequences and distributional effects arising from complex inter-sectoral and inter-regional material and energy flows. This limitation risks underestimating the full carbon mitigation potential of CDW circularity, thereby hindering progress toward the Net-Zero targets pledged by most global economies. This study introduces a novel analytical framework integrating LCA with environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) analysis to quantify the environmental impacts of CDW circularity, explicitly accounting for sectoral and regional trading linkages. Applying the framework to the United Kingdom (UK), this study estimates carbon emissions and potential savings under multiple CDW circularity scenarios for the year 2018. The results indicate that material use for domestic final demand and exports generates approximately 159 and 170 million tonnes of CO₂, respectively, while CDW circularity achieves only modest emission savings of 2–3 million tonnes (<1%). Reuse scenarios deliver greater reductions than recycling, with the most significant benefits observed in secondary and tertiary industries, particularly from the circular use of metallic and wood materials. Despite the UK's high CDW recovery rate, inefficient treatment pathways and weak alignment between recovered-material supply and industrial demand constrain the net-zero potential of CDW circularity. Enhancing recovery efficiency, advancing cleaner technologies, and improving material productivity are therefore critical for supporting the UK's net-zero transition. This study is novel in pioneering one of the first LCA–EEIO analytical frameworks for evaluating the economy-wide environmental impacts of CDW circularity, providing a scalable methodological foundation and system-level evidence for global economies seeking to accelerate their pathways toward Net-Zero targets.

通过减少对碳密集型初级材料生产的依赖，发展建筑和拆除垃圾的循环经济（CE）为建筑行业脱碳提供了一条有希望的途径。然而，大多数现有研究依赖于生命周期评估（LCA）方法，并将CDW流动视为孤立的过程，忽视了复杂的跨部门和跨区域物质和能源流动所产生的更广泛的经济范围内的排放后果和分配效应。这种限制可能会低估CDW循环的全部碳减排潜力，从而阻碍大多数全球经济体承诺的净零目标的进展。本研究引入了一个新的分析框架，将LCA与环境扩展投入产出（EEIO）分析相结合，量化CDW循环的环境影响，明确考虑部门和区域贸易联系。本研究将该框架应用于英国，估计了2018年多种CDW循环情景下的碳排放和潜在节约。结果表明，用于国内最终需求和出口的材料分别产生约1.59亿吨和1.7亿吨二氧化碳，而CDW循环仅实现了200 - 300万吨（1%）的适度减排。再使用方案比再循环方案减少的排放量更大，在第二和第三产业中观察到最显著的效益，特别是从金属和木材材料的循环使用中。尽管英国的CDW回收率很高，但低效的处理途径以及回收材料供应与工业需求之间的弱一致性限制了CDW循环的净零潜力。因此，提高回收效率、推进清洁技术和提高材料生产率对于支持英国的净零转型至关重要。本研究是首个LCA-EEIO分析框架之一，用于评估CDW循环对经济的环境影响，为寻求加速实现净零目标的全球经济体提供了可扩展的方法基础和系统级证据。

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引用次数: 0

Decoding the indirect impacts of built-up area expansion on habitat quality through cropland displacement 通过耕地置换解读建成区扩张对生境质量的间接影响

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108338

Qiaoling Luo , Youcheng Chu , Junfang Zhou , Xiangyun Zeng , Zhen Qi

China's Requisition-Compensation Balance of Farmland (RCBF) policy mandates the reclamation of new cropland to offset productivity losses caused by built-up area expansion (BAE). This process induces cropland displacement (CD), through which BAE generates indirect impacts (IDI) on natural habitats beyond direct impacts (DI) caused by occupation. However, the quantification of CD and IDI under RCBF remains unclear. Based on the theory of cropland productivity balance and an analysis of RCBF implementation, this study establishes a framework to quantify CD and IDI across 366 Chinese prefecture-level cities. By differentiating local and external CD, we identified cross-regional ecological coupling effects and evaluated the spatiotemporal dynamics of IDI across 2001–2010 and 2010–2022. Results showed that in 2001–2010 and 2010–2022, IDI accounted for 21.9% and 32.4% of total habitat quality loss caused by BAE, imposing 2.03 and 1.77 times greater damage on ecological land than DI. IDI intensity rose by 18.8% after 2010, while cities with newly reclaimed cropland of low productivity increased by 98.6%. Despite compensation efforts, 83 and 86 cities still faced grain production deficits in 2001–2010 and 2010–2022, mainly in central, eastern, and southern provinces, where external IDI concentrated ecological pressure within limited areas. Local IDI was 8.4 and 4.5 times higher than external IDI during the two periods, respectively. Natural resource status factors dominated IDI. This study advances understanding of the hidden ecological impacts of BAE and supports more sustainable cropland and ecological protection policies.

中国的耕地征收补偿平衡（RCBF）政策要求开垦新耕地，以抵消建成区扩张（BAE）造成的生产力损失。这一过程导致耕地位移（CD）， BAE通过这一过程对自然栖息地产生的间接影响（IDI）超出了占领造成的直接影响（DI）。然而，RCBF下CD和IDI的量化仍不清楚。基于耕地生产力平衡理论和RCBF实施情况分析，构建了中国366个地级市耕地生产力平衡和IDI量化框架。通过区分本地和外部CD，我们确定了跨区域的生态耦合效应，并评估了2001-2010年和2010-2022年IDI的时空动态。结果表明，2001-2010年和2010-2022年，IDI分别占BAE造成的生境质量损失总量的21.9%和32.4%，对生态土地的破坏分别是DI的2.03倍和1.77倍。2010年以后IDI强度增加了18.8%，而新开垦低生产力农田的城市增加了98.6%。尽管采取了补偿措施，但2001-2010年和2010-2022年仍有83个和86个城市面临粮食生产赤字，主要集中在中部、东部和南部省份，外部IDI在有限区域内集中了生态压力。在这两个时期，本地IDI分别是外部IDI的8.4倍和4.5倍。自然资源状况因素主导了IDI。该研究促进了对BAE潜在生态影响的认识，并为更可持续的耕地和生态保护政策提供了支持。

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引用次数: 0

Process-level impact assessment of wood waste pre-treatments: Isolating environmental trade-offs through a gate-to-gate life cycle approach 木材废料预处理的过程级影响评估：通过门到门的生命周期方法隔离环境权衡

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108340

Rosanna Leone , Manfredi Saeli , Giada La Scalia

Pre-treatment of wood waste represents a technically necessary but often methodologically underexplored stage in the life cycle of wood–plastic composites (WPCs). This study applies an attributional, gate-to-gate life cycle assessment to quantify the environmental implications of five representative laboratory-scale conditioning routes, including three chemical compatibilization pathways (SA1–SA3), thermo-mechanical pelletization (SB) and thermo-physical thermal modification (SC). Life cycle inventories were reconstructed from experimentally reported parameter ranges documented in laboratory-scale studies, and the resulting scenarios were modelled in SimaPro. Impact assessment was performed using three complementary methods, ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H), EF 3.0, and Cumulative Energy Demand, to capture climate, resources, and toxicity-related burdens. Main results indicate that chemically intensive scenarios generally exhibit higher impacts than energy-driven treatments, with SA1 showing the highest values across climate, toxicity, and resource-related categories (e.g., 0.91 kg CO₂-eq, 4.09 CTUe, 2.76 Pt). SB and SC, which rely primarily on electricity and moderate heat inputs, display comparatively lower burdens, although SC shows a more intermediate profile due to its exclusive dependence on electricity. To explore whether alternative reagent choices may offer environmental advantages, a set of substitution scenarios was developed based on options documented in experimental literature. The outcomes showed divergent effects: while the replacement of acetic anhydride with maleic anhydride in SA1 lead to modest reductions in several categories, other substitutions, such as those involving citric acid, exhibited mixed effects. Results suggested that the environmental performance of “lower-severity” or bio-based reagents strongly depends on their upstream production profiles and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Overall, the study highlights the relevance of conditioning steps within early-stage environmental assessment of WPC systems and emphasizes the importance of transparent boundary definition and scenario analysis when evaluating alternative pre-treatment strategies.

在木塑复合材料的生命周期中，木材废料的预处理是技术上必要的，但在方法上往往探索不足的阶段。本研究采用归因、门到门的生命周期评估来量化五种具有代表性的实验室规模调节途径的环境影响，包括三种化学增容途径（SA1-SA3）、热机械颗粒化（SB）和热物理热改性（SC）。根据实验室规模研究中记录的实验报告参数范围重建生命周期清单，并在SimaPro中对结果情景进行建模。采用ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H)、EF 3.0和累积能源需求三种互补方法进行影响评估，以捕捉气候、资源和毒性相关负担。主要结果表明，化学密集情景通常比能量驱动的处理表现出更高的影响，SA1在气候、毒性和资源相关类别中显示出最高的值（例如，0.91 kg CO₂-eq, 4.09 CTUe, 2.76 Pt）。SB和SC主要依靠电力和适度的热量输入，表现出相对较低的负担，尽管SC由于完全依赖电力而表现出更中间的状况。为了探索替代试剂的选择是否可以提供环境优势，我们根据实验文献中记录的选项开发了一套替代方案。结果显示出不同的效果：用马来酸酐替代SA1中的乙酸酐会导致几种类别的适度减少，而其他替代，如涉及柠檬酸的替代，则表现出混合效果。结果表明，“低严重性”或生物基试剂的环境性能在很大程度上取决于其上游生产概况，应根据具体情况进行评估。总体而言，该研究强调了在WPC系统的早期环境评估中调节步骤的相关性，并强调了在评估替代预处理策略时透明边界定义和情景分析的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Capturing IPBES diverse values of nature for EIA by surfacing community values: A demonstration in Nigeria 通过展示社区价值，为环境影响评估捕获IPBES不同的自然价值：尼日利亚的示范

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108336

Chike C. Ebido , Shehanas Pazhoor , Yanyan Huang , Marie K. Harder

An identified gap in existing Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) processes is neglect of human-nature interconnectedness: a lack of accommodation of less-tangible, cultural values of nature. This leads to poor mitigation outcomes and local discontent. Recently, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) established the crucial importance of consideration of diverse human-nature values and specifically intrinsic and relational values ones. This study explores the potential of a novel approach to capture such diverse values for input into EIA Scoping Stage: it starts with surfacing community values holistically, inclusive of less-tangible ones. We operationalize with a three-step process: (1) surfacing community shared values using a values crystallization method WeValue InSitu; (2) identifying values statements explicitly relating to human–nature relations; and (3) classifying those into instrumental, intrinsic, and relational IPBES categories. Field data collected with 17 local groups in Nigeria showed that all three IPBES value categories including hybrid forms were captured, suggesting usefulness of the approach, and a need to revise current valuation methods which assume instrumental values are dominant and sufficient for consideration. Retrospective analysis of previously published WeValue InSitu data from four other countries also identified relational values, suggesting generalizability. This proof-of-concept study took place outside of any EIA project, with research design for a subsequent study having this approach embedded in a formal EIA, and the impact of including diverse and thus relational values being tracked through all EIA Stages and the resulting Mitigation Measures, with careful consideration of operationalizability.

在现有的环境影响评估（EIA）过程中发现的一个差距是忽视了人与自然的相互联系：缺乏对自然的无形文化价值的适应。这导致了糟糕的缓解结果和当地的不满。最近，生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台（IPBES）确定了考虑多样化的人类-自然价值，特别是内在价值和关系价值的至关重要性。本研究探讨了一种新方法的潜力，以捕捉这些不同的价值，为环境影响评估的范围界定阶段提供输入：它从整体上呈现社区价值开始，包括不太有形的价值。我们通过三个步骤进行操作：(1)使用价值结晶方法WeValue InSitu来呈现社区共享价值；(2)明确与人与自然关系相关的价值表述；(3)将其分为工具性、内在性和关系性IPBES类别。从尼日利亚17个地方团体收集的实地数据表明，包括混合形式在内的所有三种IPBES价值类别都得到了捕获，这表明该方法是有用的，并且需要修订目前的估值方法，这些方法假设工具价值占主导地位并且足以考虑。对先前发表的来自其他四个国家的WeValue InSitu数据的回顾性分析也确定了相关值，表明了普遍性。这项概念验证研究是在任何环境影响评估项目之外进行的，后续研究的研究设计将这种方法嵌入到正式的环境影响评估中，并在所有环境影响评估阶段和由此产生的缓解措施中跟踪包括各种相关价值的影响，并仔细考虑可操作性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating prospective environmental impacts and market integration for enzymatic sugar beet pulp treatment against planetary boundaries 在地球边界下评估甜菜酶浆处理的潜在环境影响和市场整合

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108339

Georgios Manthos , Mikołaj Owsianiak , Gilberto Siqueira , Gustav Nyström , Michael Zwicky Hauschild , Daniel Fozer

Modern enzymatic biorefineries present promising potential for global decarbonization, offering value-added products from biological resources. However, their role within a sustainable societal trajectory remains unclear, particularly when evaluated against prospective environmental boundaries. This uncertainty stems from the lack of a robust methodology for allocating future impacts to biorefinery products. To bridge this gap, this study presents an innovative approach to achieve short- and long-term mitigation targets (2030–2050), as specified by a dynamic prospective Safe Operating Space (SOS). Different sharing principles are combined with shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) and the learning theory to project the environmental thresholds for pectin and Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs) produced via enzymatic and chemical routes. The analysis reveals that pectin production via enzymatic treatment exceeds the allocated SOS within the climate change Planetary Boundary by a factor of 238, while the conventional method surpasses it by 423 times. In comparison, CNFs show exceedances of 84 and 103 times for the enzymatic and the conventional routes, respectively. Products' penetration into the market is analyzed within the dynamic framework, capturing their internal progression towards meeting absolute sustainability targets. Pectin produced via enzymatic treatment can meet 2050 targets, with a 15% learning rate and 14.78% market penetration, whereas CNFs require no additional market penetration under the SSP1 and SSP2, remaining below the prospective threshold of 8.3 × 10⁻⁵ ppm CO₂ per functional unit. Overall, this study introduces an integrated methodology combining process design, prospective LCA, absolute sustainability, and market modeling to guide biorefinery development within the Planetary Boundaries.

现代酶法生物精炼厂为全球脱碳提供了巨大的潜力，从生物资源中提供了增值产品。然而，它们在可持续社会轨迹中的作用仍然不清楚，特别是在对未来环境边界进行评估时。这种不确定性源于缺乏一种可靠的方法来分配对生物炼制产品的未来影响。为了弥补这一差距，本研究提出了一种创新方法，以实现动态前瞻性安全操作空间（SOS）规定的短期和长期缓解目标（2030-2050）。不同的共享原则与共享社会经济途径（ssp）和学习理论相结合，以预测通过酶和化学途径生产的果胶和纤维素纳米纤维（CNFs）的环境阈值。分析表明，通过酶处理的果胶产量超过了气候变化行星边界内分配的SOS的238倍，而传统方法超过了它的423倍。相比之下，酶促和常规途径的CNFs分别超过84倍和103倍。在动态框架内分析产品对市场的渗透，捕捉其内部进展，以达到绝对的可持续性目标。通过酶处理生产的果胶可以达到2050年的目标，具有15%的学习率和14.78%的市场渗透率，而CNFs在SSP1和SSP2下不需要额外的市场渗透率，保持在8.3 × 10−5 ppm CO2 /功能单位的预期阈值以下。总体而言，本研究引入了一种综合方法，结合流程设计、前瞻性LCA、绝对可持续性和市场建模，以指导全球范围内的生物炼制发展。

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引用次数: 0

Social life cycle assessment of bio-based products from microbiomes: Additives, bioplastics, pigments and hydrogen 微生物群落生物基产品的社会生命周期评估：添加剂、生物塑料、颜料和氢

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108333

Kurt Ziegler-Rodriguez , Eva Gonzalez-Flo , Joan García , Marianna Garfí

In recent decades, interest in bio-based products from microbiomes has grown significantly, driven by increasing concerns over the sustainability of conventional and chemically derived products. Although significant technical progress has been made, limited awareness and comprehension of their social dimensions persist.

This study aimed to analyse the social performance of the production of 4 bio-based products for both food and non-food applications (i.e. additives (Exopolysacharides (EPS)), bioplastics (Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)), pigments (phycobiliproteins) and hydrogen) by means of novel bio-based routes based on microbiomes, using the Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) methodology. In total, 9 scenarios were considered, combining the sole or the co-production of different bio-products. The stakeholder groups were: workers, consumers, local community, value chain actors and society.

Results showed that the sole production of bioplastics and hydrogen had the best social performance (total normalised scores up to 2.5 times higher than the other scenarios). It was mainly due to the high acceptance level for consumers and the better performance in terms of public commitment to sustainability issues for society. In particular, the non-food products (bioplastics and hydrogen) seemed to have higher acceptability from consumers and higher interest in terms of regulation and policy development.

On the whole, all the scenarios showed good performance for workers (health and safety), consumers (quality and performance, acceptability) and the local community (number of jobs generated). More efforts should be made to develop specific regulations and policies (especially for additives and pigments) and implementation at full scale should be boosted to cover the technological development gap.

近几十年来，由于对传统和化学衍生产品的可持续性日益关注，人们对微生物组生物基产品的兴趣显著增长。虽然取得了重大的技术进步，但对其社会层面的认识和理解仍然有限。本研究旨在利用社会生命周期评估（S-LCA）方法，通过基于微生物组的新型生物基途径，分析食品和非食品应用的4种生物基产品（即添加剂（外多糖（EPS））、生物塑料（聚羟基烷酸酯（PHA））、色素（藻胆蛋白）和氢）生产的社会绩效。总共考虑了9种方案，分别是单独或联合生产不同的生物制品。利益相关者群体是：工人、消费者、当地社区、价值链参与者和社会。结果表明，单独生产生物塑料和氢气具有最佳的社会绩效（总标准化得分高达其他情景的2.5倍）。这主要是由于消费者的接受程度高，以及在公众对社会可持续发展问题的承诺方面表现较好。特别是，非食品产品（生物塑料和氢）似乎更容易被消费者接受，在监管和政策制定方面也更有兴趣。总的来说，所有情景对工人（健康和安全）、消费者（质量和性能、可接受性）和当地社区（创造的就业机会数量）都表现良好。应进一步努力制定具体的法规和政策（特别是添加剂和颜料），并推动全面实施，以弥补技术发展差距。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of the impact of establishing national key ecological function zones on land resource allocation 建立国家重点生态功能区对土地资源配置的影响评价

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108335

Nan Deng , Yaobin Liu , Shuoshuo Li , Yaxin Tan , Guoen Wei

Effective utilization of land resources is a global priority and a critical pathway toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As the world's most populous developing country, China faces severe challenges from the encroachment of ecological land driven by rapid urbanization and industrialization. The establishment of National Key Ecological Function Zones (NKEFZs) plays a pivotal role in optimizing land resource allocation (LRA) as a spatial regulatory instrument. Drawing on panel data from 1998 Chinese counties spanning 2007 to 2022, this study examines the impact of NKEFZs on LRA, with particular attention to incremental control and stock optimization. The findings show that establishing NKEFZs effectively improves LRA. It increases land-increment control (LIC) by 0.56% and enhances land-stock optimization (LSO) by 5.37%. These effects operate mainly through adjustments in local governments' land-supply strategies and firms' land-use demand. The policy effects are especially pronounced in central and western regions, economically less active areas, regions with stronger regulatory enforcement, and zones designated for water and soil conservation. Moreover, we find that government growth competition weakens the policy's impact on LIC, while a higher level of marketization enhances its effectiveness. Overall, the study offers policy insights for promoting more intensive and efficient land use within NKEFZs and for better coordinating environmental protection with economic development.

有效利用土地资源是全球优先事项，也是实现可持续发展目标的关键途径。作为世界上人口最多的发展中国家，中国面临着快速城市化和工业化带来的生态用地侵蚀的严峻挑战。国家重点生态功能区的建立作为一种空间调控手段，在优化土地资源配置中发挥着关键作用。利用2007 - 2022年1998年中国县域的面板数据，本研究考察了nkefz对LRA的影响，特别关注增量控制和存量优化。结果表明，nkefz的建立有效地改善了LRA。提高土地增量控制（LIC） 0.56%，提高土地存量优化（LSO） 5.37%。这些影响主要通过调整地方政府的土地供应策略和企业的土地使用需求来发挥作用。政策效果在中西部地区、经济不活跃地区、监管力度较强地区和水土保持定点区尤为明显。此外，我们发现政府增长竞争削弱了政策对低成本投资的影响，而较高的市场化水平则增强了政策对低成本投资的有效性。总体而言，该研究为促进nkefz内更集约和有效的土地利用以及更好地协调环境保护与经济发展提供了政策见解。

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引用次数: 0

Measurement, prediction, and interpretation of industrial carbon unlocking efficiency 工业碳释放效率的测量、预测和解释

IF 11.2 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Environmental Impact Assessment Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2026.108330

Shuai Feng , Guiwen Liu , Rui Li , Kaijian Li , Liu Chen , Xu Duan

Measuring industrial carbon unlocking efficiency (ICUE) has become a central concern in contemporary environmental management research and practice. However, the traditional super-efficiency slack-based measure (SBM) model faces two major limitations: its limited ability to forecast efficiency and the low interpretability of its efficiency scores. To address these shortcomings, this study proposes an integrated framework that combines super-efficiency SBM with machine learning and Shapley additive explanations to measure, predict, and interpret ICUE. Using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces spanning 2000–2021, the framework is empirically validated. The findings show that: 1) Gradient Boosted Decision Trees deliver the best predictive performance (R² = 0.924; MAE = 0.0315; RMSE = 0.0517; MAPE = 0.0463); 2) among input variables, the technological inputs contributes the most and exhibits a U-shaped relationship with ICUE; and 3) certain institutional inputs, such as investments in industrial pollution control and environmental protection, are negatively associated with ICUE. Within the super-efficiency SBM framework, these expenditures immediately inflate the total input vector, while their effect on reducing undesirable outputs is subject to considerable time lags, thereby suppressing efficiency scores. The proposed framework not only predicts ICUE but also demystifies the super-efficiency SBM “black box,” providing a tool for the measurement, prediction, and interpretation of ICUE.

工业碳释放效率（ICUE）的测量已成为当代环境管理研究和实践的核心问题。然而，传统的超效率基于懈怠测度（SBM）模型存在两大局限性：预测效率的能力有限，效率评分的可解释性较低。为了解决这些缺点，本研究提出了一个综合框架，将超效率SBM与机器学习和Shapley加性解释相结合，以测量、预测和解释ICUE。利用2000-2021年中国30个省份的面板数据，对该框架进行了实证验证。结果表明：1)梯度增强决策树具有最佳的预测性能（R2 = 0.924, MAE = 0.0315, RMSE = 0.0517, MAPE = 0.0463）；2)投入变量中，技术投入贡献最大，与icu呈u型关系；3)某些制度投入，如工业污染控制和环境保护方面的投资，与ICUE呈负相关。在超效率的SBM框架内，这些支出立即增加了总投入向量，而它们对减少不希望的产出的影响受制于相当长的时间滞后，从而抑制了效率得分。提出的框架不仅预测了ICUE，而且揭开了超效率SBM“黑箱”的神秘面纱，为ICUE的测量、预测和解释提供了一个工具。

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引用次数: 0