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EVOLUTION OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION THROUGH ARBITRATION IN INDONESIA DURING COVID-19 2019冠状病毒病期间印度尼西亚仲裁争议解决的演变
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.7
M. Saleh
Settlement of disputes in civil cases is not only resolved by the Court, but also through arbitration and alternative dispute resolution if the disputing parties agreed. The selection of this arbitration must be stated in the clause of the agreement which expressly chooses the arbitration. Civil cases that become the authority of this arbitration are only within the scope of the trade sector. The procedure for settlement through arbitration is different from the court, among others, the trial is closed and flexible, the decision is final and binding, the arbitrator is chosen by the parties and the decision is carried out by the court.
民事纠纷的解决不仅由法院解决,还可以通过仲裁和争议双方同意的其他争议解决方式解决。选择仲裁必须在明确选择仲裁的协议条款中规定。成为本仲裁权威的民事案件仅在贸易领域范围内。通过仲裁解决的程序不同于法院,其中包括审判是封闭的和灵活的,裁决是终局的和有约束力的,仲裁员是由当事人选择的,裁决是由法院执行的。
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引用次数: 0
REKOGNISI PENGALAMAN PEREMPUAN: STUDI KASUS PELAKSANAAN PASAL 4 PERMA NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2017 对女性经验的重新认知:2017年第三期病例实施案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.4
Rika Saraswati
Article 4 Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) No. 3 of 2017 on Guidelines for Judging Cases of Women in Conflict with the Law determines that judges should consider gender equality and non-discrimination, by identifying the facts in court hearing. The research question is to what extent the implementation of the article to the case under this study and its influence to the court verdict. The qualitative method is implemented in this study. The primary data collection was gathered by attending an online trial and the secondary data was obtained through a literature study by using the main documents of an infanticide case namely: the case file No. Pol: Bp/01/I/2020/Reskrim and the court decision No.37/Pid.B/2020/PN.Pwd. The result has demonstrated that judges had applied article 4 of PERMA during the court hearing. Judges’ considerations have recognized the experience of the woman perpetrator as the victim of sexual violence; however, judges insisted their decision on the basis of the actions of the perpetrator and ignored the psychological, sociological and imbalance power relations factors which were experienced by the woman.
第4条最高法院2017年第3号《关于审理违反法律的妇女案件的指导原则的条例》(Perma)规定,法官应通过在庭审中查明事实,考虑性别平等和不歧视。研究的问题是本文对本案的执行程度及其对法院判决的影响。本研究采用定性方法。主要数据收集是通过参加在线审判收集的,次要数据是通过文献研究获得的,使用了一起杀婴案的主要文件,即:编号为Pol:Bp/01/I/2020/Reskrim的案件档案和编号为37/Pid.B/200/PN.Pwd的法院判决。结果表明,法官在庭审期间适用了《PERMA》第4条。法官的考虑承认了女性施暴者作为性暴力受害者的经历;然而,法官们坚持根据犯罪者的行为做出裁决,忽视了女性所经历的心理、社会和权力关系失衡因素。
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引用次数: 0
PRISON ESCAPE VIEWED FROM ISLAMIC LAW PERSPECTIVES (A Case Study at Muara Labuh Prison) 从伊斯兰法律的角度看监狱逃亡(以穆亚拉拉布监狱为例)
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum2023.01601.1
S. Salma, Riki Hamdi, Taufik Hidayat
In Indonesia, there have been numerous cases of people escaping from prison including the Muara Labuh Prison. This research analyze the prison conditions, the cases that occurred there, the motives behind the escape, the responsibility of the warden, and how Islamic law views escape. Data were collected through observation of prison conditions and interviews. Data analysis was performed in several stages, including data reduction, display, and verification techniques, then, narrated using a qualitative approach and Islamic law. The results revealed three cases of inmates escaping from this prison. They have a variety of reasons for this, including an inability to restrain sexual desires, being unable to serve very long sentences, depression, and poor prison security, which is the warden's responsibility. Prison escape is not justified in Islamic law due to the necessity to obey state rules that are not specifically regulated in the Qur'an and Sunnah.
在印度尼西亚,发生了许多人越狱的案件,包括穆亚拉拉布监狱。本研究分析了监狱条件、发生的案件、越狱背后的动机、监狱长的责任以及伊斯兰法律如何看待越狱。数据是通过观察监狱条件和访谈收集的。数据分析分几个阶段进行,包括数据缩减、显示和验证技术,然后使用定性方法和伊斯兰法进行叙述。调查结果显示,有三名囚犯逃离了这所监狱。他们有各种各样的原因,包括无法抑制性欲、无法长期服刑、抑郁症和监狱治安差,这是监狱长的责任。伊斯兰法律认为越狱是不正当的,因为必须遵守《古兰经》和《圣训》中没有具体规定的国家规则。
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引用次数: 0
EKSEKUSI PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA YANG BELUM INKRACHT BERKENAAN DENGAN HAK ASUH ANAK 宗教法庭对儿童监护权的判决
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.9
Chandra Darusman S, M. I. Adabi, Apri Rotin Djusfi, Phoenna Ath Thariq, Eza Aulia, Rahmat Jhowanda, Liza Agnesta Krisna
Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection emphasizes that in the event of separation due to divorce and other situations without eliminating the child's relationship with his parents, the child still has the right to meet and have permanent personal contact with both parents. However, the situation that occurs in society and the existence of a legal vacuum shows that often children cannot meet their parents who have been appointed as custodians because the divorce case decision has not yet become legally binding. This normative juridical research uses statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The concept of child protection regulated in the Child Protection Act and other laws and regulations also includes the protection of children in situations of parental household conflict and protection in situations where the legal process against parental household conflicts is still ongoing and has no permanent legal force. The researcher recommends a change to the Law on Religious Courts. In this case, it is necessary to add legal norms that stipulate those children must be handed over to parents who are holders of custody since the court decision is pronounced, or the issuance of a Supreme Court Rule as the legal basis for implementing execution.
2002年关于儿童保护的第23号法律强调,如果因离婚和其他情况而分居,但没有消除儿童与父母的关系,儿童仍然有权与父母双方见面并保持永久的个人联系。然而,社会上出现的情况和法律真空的存在表明,由于离婚案件的裁决尚未具有法律约束力,儿童往往无法与被指定为监护人的父母见面。本规范性司法研究采用了法定方法和概念方法。《儿童保护法》和其他法律法规规定的儿童保护概念还包括在父母与家庭发生冲突的情况下保护儿童,以及在针对父母与家庭冲突的法律程序仍在进行且没有永久法律效力的情况下提供保护。研究人员建议修改《宗教法院法》。在这种情况下,有必要增加法律规范,规定自法院判决宣布或发布最高法院规则作为执行死刑的法律依据以来,必须将这些儿童移交给监护权持有人的父母。
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引用次数: 0
THE LEGAL STANDING OF BUSINESS ACTORS IN A DIGITAL MARKET ACCORDING TO LAW NO. 5 OF YEAR 1999 ON THE PROHIBITION OF MONOPOLISTIC AND UNHEALTHY BUSINESS COMPETITION PRACTICES 数字市场中商业行为者的法律地位。1999年第5号关于禁止垄断和不健康商业竞争做法的条例
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.6
H. N. Widhiyanti, Pungki Febriana Dheyanoor
Through a Digital Market, the commercial activities of business actors are conducted virtually and can have a global reach. Commercial activities that no longer require face-to-face meetings in conducting transactional activities and that involve cashless payment methods have made it possible for business actors to transgress the jurisdictional boundaries of a state as they conduct their business activities. Digital Market becomes an inevitability as well as a legal matter in the application of Law No. 5 of Year 1999, particularly in relation to the legal standing of business actors. The consideration is that in the context of a virtual market, geographical boundaries no longer firmly limit the jurisdictional territory of a state. Therefore, the discussion regarding the characteristics of a Digital Market and the legal standing of business actors in a Digital Market becomes an urgent need. Through juridical normative research, this article intends to analyze the characteristics of a Digital Market and the legal standing of business actors in a Digital Market according to Law No. 5 of Year 1999.
通过数字市场,商业行为者的商业活动以虚拟方式进行,并可遍及全球。商业活动在进行交易活动时不再需要面对面的会议,并且涉及无现金支付方式,这使得商业行为者在进行商业活动时有可能越过国家的管辖边界。在1999年第5号法律的应用中,数字市场成为一个不可避免的法律问题,特别是在商业行为者的法律地位方面。考虑到在虚拟市场的背景下,地理边界不再严格限制一个国家的管辖范围。因此,迫切需要讨论数字市场的特征和商业行为者在数字市场中的法律地位。本文拟通过司法规范研究,根据1999年第5号法律,分析数字市场的特征和商业行为者在数字市场中的法律地位。
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引用次数: 0
FUNGSI AUDIT INVESTIGATIF PADA BUMN PERSERO UNTUK MENGHITUNG KERUGIAN NEGARA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM PERSERO国有企业调查审计功能,以积极的法律和伊斯兰法律的角度来计算国家的损失
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.3
S. Susanto
This study aims to discover the new role of investigative audit in BUMN Persero in calculating state losses in the perspective of positive law and Islamic law. The results of the study indicate that the investigative audit function of BUMN Persero to calculate state losses can be used as evidence. This makes the determination of state losses an important matter to determine whether a prosecution can be continued or not. Errors in determining state losses can result in failure in law enforcement. There is a difference in the concept of returning state losses due to corruption between positive law and Islamic law. In positive law, the state's recovery of losses cannot cancel the crime, and only mitigates the punishment. Whereas in the Islamic law, restitution of state losses is a good intention and is considered sufficient to resolve the problem of corruption.
本研究旨在从实证法和伊斯兰法的角度,发现BUMN Persero调查审计在计算国家损失方面的新作用。研究结果表明,BUMN Persero计算国家损失的调查审计功能可以作为证据。这使得国家损失的确定成为决定起诉是否可以继续的重要事项。确定国家损失的错误可能导致执法失败。积极法和伊斯兰法在归还因腐败而造成的国家损失的概念上存在差异。在实证法中,国家对损失的追偿不能取消犯罪,只能减轻处罚。而在伊斯兰法律中,归还国家损失是一个良好的意图,被认为足以解决腐败问题。
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引用次数: 0
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DALAM PERJANJIAN PERDAGANGAN MEGAREGIONAL: REGIONAL COMPREHENSIVE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP (RCEP) AGREEMENT 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.8
Rizky Banyualam Permana
In 2020, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement was signed. The RCEP Agreement is the largest regional trade agreement in the world in terms of total GDP. In the Asia-Pacific region, there are various regional and bilateral trade agreements that lead to not only overlapping of substantive provisions, but also overlapping of dispute settlement for a. It is important to review the procedural aspects RCEP agreement to as the means to enforce the rules and commitments in the RCEP for its member countries, especially with regard to Indonesia. This study concludes that although the RCEP has its own dispute resolution mechanism procedures, the formulation of the provisions in the RCEP shows compromise of the negotiation outcome, typical in ASEAN agreements. This would become the hindrance to the effective implementation and implementation of the agreement.
2020年,签署了《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》。就GDP总量而言,RCEP协定是世界上最大的区域贸易协定。在亚太地区,各种区域和双边贸易协定不仅导致实质性条款的重叠,而且导致争端解决的重叠。重要的是审查RCEP协定的程序方面,将其作为为其成员国,特别是对印度尼西亚执行RCEP中的规则和承诺的手段。本研究得出结论,尽管RCEP有自己的争端解决机制程序,但RCEP条款的制定显示出谈判结果的妥协,这在东盟协定中是典型的。这将成为有效执行和执行该协定的障碍。
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引用次数: 1
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBELA HAK ASASI MANUSIA PERSPEKTIF TEORI ALASAN PENGHAPUS PIDANA 法律保护人权倡导者的刑事橡皮推理理论
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.2
M. Rizal
Legal protection of human rights defenders in Indonesia is at an alarming point. This sociolegal study focused on the objective conditions of legal protection for human rights defenders and the legal protection for human rights defenders from a theoretical perspective on the reasons for erasers punishment. The results are human rights defenders still experience arrests, shootings, clashes and torture. There are also several criminal law policies that have the potential to violate the rights and guarantees of legal protection for human rights defenders. Second, "the theory of lesser evils" can be used as a basis for providing legal protection to human rights defenders. As long as the actions of human rights defenders are to implement Article 67 of Law No. 32 of 2009, for example, human rights defenders can be seen as "implementing the laws and regulations" and protected by Article 66 of Law No. 32 of 2009, so that Article 50 of the Criminal Code can be applied as an excuse to eradicate crimes. In the future, guidelines for the criminalization of human rights defenders when dealing with criminal case settlement processes are also needed.
印度尼西亚对人权维护者的法律保护正处于令人担忧的地步。这项社会学研究从理论角度探讨了人权维护者受到法律保护的客观条件以及对人权维护者的法律保护。结果是,人权维护者仍然遭受逮捕、枪击、冲突和酷刑。还有一些刑法政策可能侵犯人权维护者的权利和法律保护保障。第二,“恶轻论”可以作为为人权维护者提供法律保护的依据。例如,只要人权维护者的行动是为了执行2009年第32号法律第67条,人权维护者就可以被视为“执行法律和法规”,并受到2009年第三十二号法律第66条的保护,因此《刑法》第50条可以作为根除犯罪的借口。今后,在处理刑事案件解决程序时,还需要制定将人权维护者定罪的准则。
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引用次数: 0
HAK KREDITOR DENGAN TAGIHAN PIUTANG TERTOLAK DALAM PROSES PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG 债权人一直在批准外部增长过程中引入的MOUTANS
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.5
Sihabudin Sihabudin, Edo Adhitama
One of the stages in delaying payment of receivables obligations (PKPU) is the verification of receivables. There may be a possibility that the claim for receivables being rejected at the verification stage may occur, but there is no legal remedy that can be taken by the creditor, either ordinary or extraordinary legal remedies. This article aims to analyze the legal protection of creditors' receivables which are rejected at the receivables verification stage by administrators in the PKPU process and the authority of the supervisory judge in terms of the creditor's bill being rejected at the receivables verification stage. This normative research uses a statutory approach. The results show that Law Number 37 of 2004 does not regulate legal remedies if receivables are rejected in the accounts receivable verification. Efforts are made when this happens, the supervisory judge has the authority to reconcile creditors and debtors in determining. Thus, the debtor does not need to wait for the emergence of a settlement homologation if the bill is rejected in the verification of receivables to submit an appeal to the Supreme Court.
延迟支付应收款义务的一个阶段是核实应收款。可能会发生在核实阶段被驳回的应收款索赔,但债权人无法采取任何法律补救措施,无论是普通法律补救措施还是特别法律补救措施。本文旨在分析PKPU过程中管理人员在应收账款验证阶段拒绝的债权人应收账款的法律保护,以及监督法官在应收款验证阶段拒绝债权的权限。这项规范性研究采用了法定方法。结果表明,2004年第37号法律没有规定在应收账款核查中拒绝接受应收账款的法律补救办法。当这种情况发生时,监督法官有权对债权人和债务人进行调解。因此,如果票据在应收款核实中被驳回,债务人无需等待和解认可的出现,即可向最高法院提出上诉。
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引用次数: 1
KONFLIK PENGUASAAN DAN PENGUSAHAAN SUMUR TUA MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI DI KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO, JAWA TIMUR 《我的神》和《布米加斯》的总结与总结冲突
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2023.01601.10
Subadi Subadi
The conflict of control and exploitation of old oil and gas wells in Bojonegoro Regency is a latent conflict between the people or groups of miners and Pertamina EP Asset IV Field Cepu, which is latent and difficult to resolve. This normative legal research, supported by in-depth interviews, aims to find the legal aspects of control and exploitation by the people and the multiple conflicts that occur as well as ideas for their resolution. The results show: 1) Pertamina EP's control and exploitation of old wells is based on statutory regulations, while the control and exploitation by the people is only based on customary law. 2) Differences in perception between Pertamina EP can be settled through: a) legalizing, facilitating requirements and shortening the bureaucracy for licensing upstream and downstream activities by the people; b) reducing the ambiguity attitude of Pertamina EP which does not want to work on old wells but still hopes for the results; c) Pertamina EP, the Regional Government and Perhutani should continue to provide guidance, supervision.
Bojonegoro Regency旧油气井的控制和开采冲突是矿工个人或团体与Pertamina EP Asset IV Field Cepu之间的潜在冲突,这种冲突是潜在的,难以解决。这项规范性的法律研究得到了深入访谈的支持,旨在找到人民控制和剥削的法律方面、发生的多重冲突以及解决这些冲突的想法。结果表明:1)Pertamina EP对老井的控制和开采是基于法定法规,而人民对老井进行的控制和开发仅基于习惯法。2) Pertamina EP之间的认知差异可以通过以下方式解决:a)使要求合法化,并缩短人民许可上游和下游活动的官僚机构;b) 减少了Pertamina EP不想在老井上工作但仍希望结果的模糊态度;c) Pertamina EP、地区政府和Perhutani应继续提供指导和监督。
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引用次数: 1
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Arena Hukum
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