A technique for keeping a suitable pH value of nutrient solution without addition of acid and/or alkali examined. Cucumber plants were cultivated with various methods of NH4-N supply in ion concentration controlled hydroponic system. In the first experiment, plants were grown in solution culture for 6 days at 4 levels of initial NH4-N concentration. NH4-N absorption rate increases drastically and solution pH decreased as the NH4-N concentration increased.In the second experiment, cucumber were cultivated with nutrient solution controlled by the IIAS (Integrated IonAdjuster System) or the PEIS (Popular Edition of Intelligent System) to investigate the effects of NO3-N:NH4-N ratio, and concentrations of each N source on the growth and solution pH. Solution pH decreased severely under PEIS and IIAS (set value of NH4-N concentration 8 mg l-1), and increased under IIAS (NO3-N:NH4-N=30:1 or fuzzy) in this experiment. The results showed that pH of the nutrient solution for cucumber culture with IIAS management system could be stabilized by limiting NH4-N supply through the ratio basis control in which the ratio of NO3-N to NH4-N was kept at 30:1. However in the mid stage of cucumber growth with that system, the pH tended to increase gradually until harvesting stage, indicating that the relatively higher ratio of NH4-N supply in the mid stage than in other stages might be better to prevent the pH fluctuation.To maintain pH value of the nutrient solution, the control method through the NO3-N:NH4N ratio was more feasible than the method through keeping the concentration of NH4-N.
{"title":"イオン濃度制御キュウリ養液栽培における NH4-N供給方法の検討","authors":"雅昭 霧村, 晴久 位田","doi":"10.2525/SHITA.19.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/SHITA.19.123","url":null,"abstract":"A technique for keeping a suitable pH value of nutrient solution without addition of acid and/or alkali examined. Cucumber plants were cultivated with various methods of NH4-N supply in ion concentration controlled hydroponic system. In the first experiment, plants were grown in solution culture for 6 days at 4 levels of initial NH4-N concentration. NH4-N absorption rate increases drastically and solution pH decreased as the NH4-N concentration increased.In the second experiment, cucumber were cultivated with nutrient solution controlled by the IIAS (Integrated IonAdjuster System) or the PEIS (Popular Edition of Intelligent System) to investigate the effects of NO3-N:NH4-N ratio, and concentrations of each N source on the growth and solution pH. Solution pH decreased severely under PEIS and IIAS (set value of NH4-N concentration 8 mg l-1), and increased under IIAS (NO3-N:NH4-N=30:1 or fuzzy) in this experiment. The results showed that pH of the nutrient solution for cucumber culture with IIAS management system could be stabilized by limiting NH4-N supply through the ratio basis control in which the ratio of NO3-N to NH4-N was kept at 30:1. However in the mid stage of cucumber growth with that system, the pH tended to increase gradually until harvesting stage, indicating that the relatively higher ratio of NH4-N supply in the mid stage than in other stages might be better to prevent the pH fluctuation.To maintain pH value of the nutrient solution, the control method through the NO3-N:NH4N ratio was more feasible than the method through keeping the concentration of NH4-N.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114964861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Integrated IonAdjuster System" (IIA System) integrated an ion concentration control method with an EC control method for controlling nutrient solution in hydroponics was developed. The IIA System adopted the EC control method for real-time control of total ion concentrations, and adopted the ion concentration control system for preparation of the stock solutions which could adjust ion composition of nutrient solutions. Cultivation of cucumber using the IIA System led to laborsavings, sustained good condition of rhizosphere, and increased yields. Moreover saving initial and running cost should be possible in the IIA System, and consequently the IIA System may contribute to promotion of closed hydroponic system.
{"title":"Development of new ion adjuster system integrated with EC control method for controlling nutrient solution in hydroponics","authors":"M. Kirimura, H. Inden","doi":"10.2525/SHITA.18.261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/SHITA.18.261","url":null,"abstract":"\"Integrated IonAdjuster System\" (IIA System) integrated an ion concentration control method with an EC control method for controlling nutrient solution in hydroponics was developed. The IIA System adopted the EC control method for real-time control of total ion concentrations, and adopted the ion concentration control system for preparation of the stock solutions which could adjust ion composition of nutrient solutions. Cultivation of cucumber using the IIA System led to laborsavings, sustained good condition of rhizosphere, and increased yields. Moreover saving initial and running cost should be possible in the IIA System, and consequently the IIA System may contribute to promotion of closed hydroponic system.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125514181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a medicinal plant widely used for treatments of neurological disorders, depression, etc. Recently, studies have reported the production of St. John's wort plants under controlled environments with artificial light a promising technique to standardize and enhance the growth and medicinal contents. The present study investigated the effect of the light quality of fluorescent lamps on the growth of St. John's wort plants. The seedlings with 6-8 unfolded leaves were grown for 28 days under blue and red lamps in growth chambers under controlled environments. Dry weight of plants grown under the red lamps was greater compared with that of plants grown under the blue lamps.The CO2 absorption rate of plants grown under the red lamps was similar to that under the blue lamps. Absorption of red light (600-700 nm) by leaves was lower than that of blue light (400-500 nm). Leaf area, number of unfolded leaves, number of branches from the main stem, and number of nodes of plants grown under the red lamps were greater than those of plants grown under the blue lamps. These findings demonstrated that the difference in dry weight of plants grown under these conditions was not due to the spectral characteristic or photosynthetic ability of leaves but due to the amount of light actually absorbed by the leaves. In conclusion, controlling the light quality can be an important technique for enhancing production of St. John's wort plants.
{"title":"青色および赤色蛍光ランプの光質がセントジョーンズワート (Hypericum perforatum L.) の生長に及ぼす影響","authors":"徹郎 西村, S. M. A. Zobayed, 豊樹 古在, 英司 後藤","doi":"10.2525/SHITA.18.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/SHITA.18.225","url":null,"abstract":"St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a medicinal plant widely used for treatments of neurological disorders, depression, etc. Recently, studies have reported the production of St. John's wort plants under controlled environments with artificial light a promising technique to standardize and enhance the growth and medicinal contents. The present study investigated the effect of the light quality of fluorescent lamps on the growth of St. John's wort plants. The seedlings with 6-8 unfolded leaves were grown for 28 days under blue and red lamps in growth chambers under controlled environments. Dry weight of plants grown under the red lamps was greater compared with that of plants grown under the blue lamps.The CO2 absorption rate of plants grown under the red lamps was similar to that under the blue lamps. Absorption of red light (600-700 nm) by leaves was lower than that of blue light (400-500 nm). Leaf area, number of unfolded leaves, number of branches from the main stem, and number of nodes of plants grown under the red lamps were greater than those of plants grown under the blue lamps. These findings demonstrated that the difference in dry weight of plants grown under these conditions was not due to the spectral characteristic or photosynthetic ability of leaves but due to the amount of light actually absorbed by the leaves. In conclusion, controlling the light quality can be an important technique for enhancing production of St. John's wort plants.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132493695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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