This study evaluated three types of combustion type CO2 fertilization systems: The thermal storage type (excess heat energy is stored and used for heating), the heat waste type (excess heat is discharged outdoors), and the diffusion type (excess heat is discharged indoors). We analyzed the validity, energy-conserving, environmental load-reducing, and cost-reducing characteristics of these types, and reached the following conclusions.1)The excess heat generated by combustion type CO2 fertilization accounted for several percentages of the daily cumulative solar irradiation during the intermediate period under the standard condition in this study (amount of CO2 fertilization,48 g (CO2) m-2d-1). The thermal storage type is expected to prevent the aggravation of the thermal/humidity environment in the greenhouse and decrease the efficiency of supplied CO2.2)Using the thermal storage type,a maximal energy conservation of 8% and a reduction in CO2 discharge can be expected in large greenhouses (annual energy consumption in the entire greenhouse, about 3 GWh) under the standard conditions of this study (summer/intermediate period ratio, 0.33; thermal storage/discharge efficiency, 0.8).3)The unit cost of CO2 fertilization using this thermal storage type was about 25 yen kg-1 (during depreciation) and about 12 yen kg-1 (after depreciation) under the standard conditions of this study (summer/intermediate period ratio, 0.33; price of unit quantity of heat, 5.5 yen kWh-1; thermal storage/discharge efficiency, 0.8). To reduce the unit cost of CO2fertilization, improvement in thermal storage/discharge efficiency, a decrease in fuel cost, and an increase in the number of days in operation during the intermediate period are necessary.
本研究评价了三种燃烧型CO2施肥系统:蓄热型(储存多余热能用于加热)、余热型(将多余热量排放到室外)和扩散型(将多余热量排放到室内)。研究结果表明:①在本研究标准条件下(CO2施肥量为48 g (CO2) m-2d-1)，燃烧型CO2施肥产生的余热占中期日累积太阳辐照量的几个百分比;蓄热式可防止温室热湿环境恶化，降低供气CO2效率2.2)在本研究标准条件下(夏季/中期比0.33;3)在本研究标准条件下(夏季/中期比0.33)，采用该蓄热方式CO2施肥的单位成本约为25日元kg-1(折旧期间)，约为12日元kg-1(折旧后);单位热量价格5.5日元kWh-1;蓄热/放热效率0.8)。为了降低co2施肥的单位成本，必须提高蓄热/排放效率，降低燃料成本，增加中间阶段的运行天数。
{"title":"温室における燃焼式蓄熱型二酸化炭素施肥システムの省エネルギー性･環境負荷低減性･経済性評価","authors":"川村 淳浩, 秋澤 淳, 柏木 孝夫","doi":"10.2525/SHITA.17.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/SHITA.17.205","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated three types of combustion type CO2 fertilization systems: The thermal storage type (excess heat energy is stored and used for heating), the heat waste type (excess heat is discharged outdoors), and the diffusion type (excess heat is discharged indoors). We analyzed the validity, energy-conserving, environmental load-reducing, and cost-reducing characteristics of these types, and reached the following conclusions.1)The excess heat generated by combustion type CO2 fertilization accounted for several percentages of the daily cumulative solar irradiation during the intermediate period under the standard condition in this study (amount of CO2 fertilization,48 g (CO2) m-2d-1). The thermal storage type is expected to prevent the aggravation of the thermal/humidity environment in the greenhouse and decrease the efficiency of supplied CO2.2)Using the thermal storage type,a maximal energy conservation of 8% and a reduction in CO2 discharge can be expected in large greenhouses (annual energy consumption in the entire greenhouse, about 3 GWh) under the standard conditions of this study (summer/intermediate period ratio, 0.33; thermal storage/discharge efficiency, 0.8).3)The unit cost of CO2 fertilization using this thermal storage type was about 25 yen kg-1 (during depreciation) and about 12 yen kg-1 (after depreciation) under the standard conditions of this study (summer/intermediate period ratio, 0.33; price of unit quantity of heat, 5.5 yen kWh-1; thermal storage/discharge efficiency, 0.8). To reduce the unit cost of CO2fertilization, improvement in thermal storage/discharge efficiency, a decrease in fuel cost, and an increase in the number of days in operation during the intermediate period are necessary.","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132200066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Neural-Network Model for Predicting the Quality of 'Satsuma' Mandarin","authors":"Tetsuo Morimoto, Y. Ouchi, Masayuki Yoshinouchi","doi":"10.2525/SHITA.17.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2525/SHITA.17.90","url":null,"abstract":"本研究は，ニューラルネットワークを利用して，温州ミカンの収穫時期における品質（糖度とクエン酸含量）の値を，それまでの品質および気象の時系列データから予測するモデルを開発した．学習およびモデル検証用のデータは，7年間，8～11月にかけて収集された七つのデータセットであり，各データは4点（8～11月）の時系列からなる．このうち六つを学習用に，一つをモデル検証用に用いた．品質に大きな影響を与える気象要因は降雨量と日照時間であり，とくに降雨量が顕著であった．それで2入力（降雨量と日照時間）－2出力（糖度とクエン酸含量）モデルを構築した．入力（気象要因）と出力（果実の品質）の関係は，非線形特性が強く，また実測データのばらつきが大きいので数式によるモデル化は困難であるが，3層のニューラルネットワークを用いて，入力と出力の現在および過去の時系列データを使用し，最適な学習回数，システムパラメータ数，中間層ニューロン数を選ぶことにより，精度の高いモデルを構築できた．","PeriodicalId":315038,"journal":{"name":"Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128015721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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