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First Record: A Stem and Bulb Plant Parasitic Nematode at Garlic Area Centre Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia with Species Reference to Ditylenchus dipsaci 第一次记录:印度尼西亚爪哇岛中部Temanggung大蒜产区中心的一种茎球植物寄生线虫,物种参考Ditylenchus dipsaci
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/jpti.35321
S. Indarti, A. Wibowo, S. Subandiyah, Miftahul Ajri
A survey to investigate the stem and bulb plant parasitic nematode at one of garlic area centre, in Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia was conducted  from Januaryto February 2018. Infected plant with specific symptoms, morphological and morphometric characters both of female and male of adult nematodes were used  to describe  a A1 quarantine plant parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Seven from nine observed locations were postively infected with population in average 2.67 nematodes per 100 g of soil and 2.67–189.33 per bulb. This is the first report of D. dipsaci from Indonesia and  consequently further investigations were needed to know their distribution and also to confirm the origin of the nematode. IntisariSurvei keberadaan nematoda parasit batang dan umbi dilakukan pada bulan Januari–Februari 2018 pada satu sentra penangkaran bawang putih di Temanggung, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Tanaman terinfeksi dengan gejala serangan yang spesifik, karakter morfologi dan morfometri nematoda betina dan jantan dewasa dipergunakan dalam identifikasi Ditylenchus dipsaci yang merupakan nematoda parasit tanaman yang termasuk OPTK A1 (Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman Karantina A1) di Indonesia. Sebanyak tujuh dari sembilan lokasi yang diamati mengindikasikan positif sebagai daerah sebaran nematoda tersebut dengan populasi rata-rata 2,67 ekor per 100 gram tanah dan 2,67–189,33 nematoda per umbi. Laporan pertama tentang nematoda D. dipsaci ini membawa konsekuensi perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui daerah sebaran dan juga konfirmasi dari mana nematoda tersebut berasal.
2018年1月至2月,在印度尼西亚中爪哇省特芒贡市的一个大蒜产区中心进行了一项调查,以调查茎和球茎植物寄生线虫。用具有雌性和雄性成虫线虫特有症状、形态和形态计量特征的受感染植物[UNK]来描述[A1检疫植物寄生线虫Ditylenchus dipsaci。九个观察地点中有七个被阳性感染,平均每100克土壤中有2.67根线虫,每球茎中有2.67-189.33根线虫。这是来自印度尼西亚的第一份关于续断的报告,因此需要进一步的调查来了解它们的分布,并确认线虫的起源。2018年1月至2月,在印度尼西亚爪哇中部瓦隆的一个白洋葱排异中心进行了啮齿动物寄生虫线虫和雨伞的亲密调查。感染了雌性和成年线虫的特定攻击症状、形态和形态计量学的植物被用于鉴定Ditylenchus,Ditylencus是一种植物寄生虫线虫,包括印尼的OPTK A1(检疫植物干扰生物A1)。在观察到的9个地点中,多达7个表明线虫传播区呈阳性,平均每100克土地有2.67条尾巴,每伞有2.67–189.33条线虫。关于D.线虫的第一份报告发布了,因此需要进一步的研究来找出传播区域,并确认线虫的来源。
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引用次数: 8
Pengaruh Penambahan Beberapa Esens Buah pada Perangkap Metil Eugenol terhadap Ketertarikan Lalat Buah Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks pada Pertanaman Mangga di Desa Pasirmuncang, Majalengka Majalengka Pasirmuncang村Mangga植物对Dorsalis Bactrocera植物引诱复合体的Eugenol甲基捕获的多必需植物添加剂
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/JPTI.27001
A. Susanto, W. D. Natawigena, L. T. Puspasari, N. I. N. Atami
Fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex) is one of the major pests in horticultural commodities in Indonesia. In this present study, a control method of formulating methyl eugenol and the addition of fruit essences was tested to attract B. dorsalis Complex. The objective was to find out the effect of fruit essences addition in the performance of methyl eugenol in attracting fruit flies and to obtain the most effective fruit essences for attracting male and female fruit flies. The experiment was conducted on mango plantation in Pasirmuncang village, Majalengka, West Java from March 2016 until December 2016. Several synthetic fruit essences which were separately added to methyl eugenol in this experiment were mango, citrus, guava, and starfruit essences. The results showed that the addition of fruit essences on methyl eugenol traps had the same effectiveness  or as good as  any single methyl eugenol trap. Moreover, the additions of mango and orange essences  were not effective enough in attracting female fruit flies, although the number of female fruit flies that were caught were more than the other treatments. IntisariLalat buah Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks merupakan salah satu hama utama pada komoditas hortikultura. Pada penelitian ini, metode pengendalian dengan memformulasikan metil eugenol dan tambahan esens buah diuji untuk menarik B. dorsalis Kompleks. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui efek penambahan esens buah pada kinerja perangkap metil eugenol dalam menarik lalat buah serta untuk mendapatkan esens buah yang efektif untuk menarik lalat buah betina. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perkebunan mangga di desa Pasirmuncang, Majalengka, Jawa Barat dari bulan Maret 2016 hingga bulan Desember 2016. Beberapa jenis esens buah sintetik yang secara terpisah ditambahkan pada metil eugenol pada percobaan ini adalah mangga, jeruk, jambu biji, dan belimbing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan esens buah pada perangkap metil eugenol memiliki keefektifan yang sama baiknya dengan perangkap metil eugenol secara tunggal. Selain itu, penambahan esens mangga dan esens jeruk belum cukup efektif dalam menarik lalat buah betina meskipun jumlah lalat buah betina yang tertangkap lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
果蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis Complex)是印度尼西亚园艺商品中的主要害虫之一。本研究采用配制甲基丁香酚和添加水果香精的控制方法来吸引B.dorsalis复合体。目的是了解添加水果香精对甲基丁香酚引诱果蝇性能的影响,并获得最有效的引诱雄性和雌性果蝇的水果香精。该实验于2016年3月至2016年12月在西爪哇省马贾伦卡市Pasirmmunang村的芒果种植园进行。本实验中,在甲基丁香酚中分别添加了芒果、柑橘、番石榴和海星果等几种合成水果香精。结果表明,在甲基丁香酚诱捕器上添加水果香精具有与任何单一甲基丁香醇诱捕器相同或相同的效果。此外,添加芒果和橙子精华[UNK]对吸引雌性果蝇的效果不够,尽管捕获的雌性果蝇数量比其他处理多。桔小实蝇是园艺商品中的主要火腿之一。本研究采用配制丁香酚和添加水果香精的防治方法,对桔梗复合物进行引诱试验。目的是了解添加水果香精对丁香酚甲基诱捕器引诱果蝇性能的影响,并获得有效的引诱雌性果蝇的水果香精。本研究于2016年3月至2016年12月在Jawa West Majalenka的Pasirmuncang村进行红树林养殖。在这个实验中,一些单独添加到丁香酚甲基中的合成水果精华是芒果、橙子、种子和膀胱。研究表明,在丁香酚甲基诱捕器中添加水果精华与单一丁香酚甲酯诱捕器具有相同的效果。此外,尽管雌性果蝇的数量比其他处理多,但添加锰精和橙精对吸引雌性果蝇的效果不够。
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引用次数: 7
Viabilitas dan Virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense yang Dipreservasi dengan Liofilisasi 冻干保存的尖孢镰刀菌的活力和毒力
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/JPTI.25715
Iqna Khayatina Rusli, Arif Wibowo, Christanti Sumardiyono
Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is still pose as  constraint  to banana production  all over the world. The objective of this research was to examine the viability and virulence of Foc isolates which had been preserved with lyophilization for 18 years. The experiment used 19 isolates of Foc, which were Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidogede, Sidatan, Kemiri, Juwangen, A-17, A-11, PS-5, B4-3-1, Fo2.16.16., PS-10, A-2, and Irja. The results showed that 12 isolates could grow well on PDA medium, namely Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidatan, Juwangen, PS-5, B4-3-1, and Fo2.16.16. Meanwhile, seven isolates (Sidogede, Kemiri, A-17, A-11, PS-10, A-2, and Irja) could not grow or develop on PDA medium. The result of pathogenicity test showed that six tested Foc isolates had  very high virulences, with disease severity index of about 2.14–2.71. Other three isolates revealed high virulences with disease severity index around 2.01–2.07. Meanwhile, another three less virulent isolates demonstrated disease severity index in the range of 1.39–1.67. Intisari Penyakit layu yang disebabkan oleh jamur Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cubense (Foc) masih menjadi kendala dalam produksi pisang di seluruh dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji viabilitas dan virulensi isolat Foc yang telah dipreservasi dengan liofilisasi selama 18 tahun. Penelitian menggunakan 19 isolat Foc yaitu Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidogede, Sidatan, Kemiri, Juwangen, A-17, A-11, PS-5, B4-3-1, Fo2.16.16., PS-10, A-2, dan Irja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 12 isolat Foc mampu tumbuh dengan baik pada medium PDA yaitu Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidatan, Juwangen, PS-5, B4-3-1, dan Fo2.16.16. 7 isolat tidak mampu tumbuh pada medium PDA yaitu Sidogede, Kemiri, A-17, A-11, PS-10, A-2, dan Irja. Enam isolat Foc yang diuji memiliki virulensi sangat tinggi dengan indeks keparahan penyakit berkisar antara 2,14–2,71. Tiga isolat yang lain memiliki virulensi tinggi dengan indeks keparahan penyakit berkisar antara 2,01–2,07. Sedangkan 3 isolat lainnya memiliki virulensi yang lebih rendah dengan indeks keparahan penyakit berkisar antara 1,39–1,67. 
由尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Foc)引起的香蕉枯萎病(Wilt disease)至今仍是制约香蕉生产的一大病害。本研究的目的是检测冻干保存18年的Foc分离株的生存力和毒力。实验选用19株Foc分离株,分别为Pekulo、Sukorejo、Kali Sepanjang、Kalibaru、Purwojoyo、Prembun、Mulyosari、Sidogede、Sidatan、Kemiri、Juwangen、A-17、A-11、PS-5、B4-3-1、Fo2.16.16。PS-10, A-2和Irja。结果表明,12株菌株在PDA培养基上生长良好,分别为Pekulo、Sukorejo、Kali Sepanjang、Kalibaru、Purwojoyo、Prembun、Mulyosari、Sidatan、Juwangen、PS-5、B4-3-1和Fo2.16.16。同时,Sidogede、Kemiri、A-17、A-11、PS-10、A-2和Irja 7株分离株在PDA培养基上不能生长发育。致病性试验结果表明,6株Foc分离株具有很高的毒力,疾病严重程度指数约为2.14 ~ 2.71。其余3株毒株呈高毒力,疾病严重指数在2.01 ~ 2.07之间。另外3株毒力较弱的分离株的疾病严重程度指数在1.39 ~ 1.67之间。台湾尖孢镰刀菌(Foc),主要产自台湾,产自台湾,产自台湾。图juan dari penelitian, ini adalah, untuk, menguji, viabilitas and virulensis, Foc, yang, telah dipreservides, dengan, lifilisisselama, 18, tahun。Penelitian menggunakan 19 isolat Foc yaitu Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidogede, Sidatan, Kemiri, Juwangen, A-17, A-11, PS-5, B4-3-1, Fo2.16.16PS-10, A-2, dan Irja。yyitu Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidatan, Juwangen, PS-5, B4-3-1, dan Fo2.16.16。7分离株mampu tumbuh pada medium PDA yitu Sidogede, Kemiri, A-17, A-11, PS-10, A-2, dan Irja。中国农业科学学报(自然科学版)2,14-2,71。[j] .中国生物医学工程学报,2011,31(2):481 - 481。[j] .四川农业大学学报(自然科学版),1999,19(2):1 - 7。
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引用次数: 0
The Inhibition of Tobamovirus by Using the Extract of Banana Flower 香蕉花提取物对巴氏病毒的抑制作用
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/jpti.31595
Nurviani Nurviani, S. Somowiyarjo, S. Sulandari, S. Subandiyah
Some extract of the banana plants parts have been identified to produce a compound that has efficacy as traditional medicine and human virus inhibitor. There was no previous report  on the use of the banana flower as the plants antiviral sources for plant pathogen. The objective of this study was to identify the potency  of two types of the banana flower as the Tobamovirus inhibitor substance. The antiviral was prepared from the extract of Ambon banana (Musa acuminata Colla) flower and Klutuk banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) flower, as the comparison extract of Mirabilis jalapa L. leaf which is widely known to have antiviral on various plant viruses was used. This study applied the Complete Randomized Design with three replications. Collected data includes the virus incubation period and the inhibitor power upon the local necrotic symptom on indicator plant. Results of this study showed that the extract of Ambon and Klutuk banana flower was able to inhibit the Tobamovirus with inhibition levels of 86.34% and 91.22%.IntisariBeberapa ekstrak bagian tanaman pisang diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa yang berkhasiat sebagai obat tradisional dan zat yang dapat menghambat virus manusia. Belum pernah dilaporkan penggunaan bunga pisang sebagai sumber antiviral terhadap virus tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak bunga dua jenis pisang sebagai zat penghambat Tobamovirus. Antiviral disiapkan dari ekstrak bunga pisang Ambon (Musa acuminata Colla) dan pisang Klutuk (Musa balbisiana Colla), sebagai pembanding digunakan ekstrak daun Mirabilis jalapa L. yang sudah banyak diketahui mengandung antiviral pada berbagai virus tumbuhan. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi masa inkubasi virus dan daya hambat gejala nekrotik lokal pada tanaman indikator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak bunga pisang jenis Ambon dan Klutuk mampu menghambat Tobamovirus dengan tingkat penghambatan sebesar 86,34% dan 91,22%. 
香蕉植物部分的一些提取物已被鉴定为产生一种具有传统药物和人类病毒抑制剂功效的化合物。以前没有关于使用香蕉花作为植物病原体的抗病毒来源的报道。本研究的目的是鉴定两种类型的香蕉花作为Tobamovirus抑制剂的效力。该抗病毒药物是由安汶香蕉(Musa acuminata Colla)花和Klutuk香蕉(Musa-balbisiana Colla。本研究采用完全随机设计,三次重复。收集的数据包括病毒潜伏期和抑制剂对指示植物局部坏死症状的作用。本研究结果表明,安汶和克留图香蕉花提取物对Tobamovirus的抑制率分别为86.34%和91.22%。从未报道过使用香蕉花作为植物病毒的抗病毒来源。本研究旨在确定两种类型的香蕉作为Tobamovirus抑制剂的提取潜力。抗病毒药物由Ambon香蕉(Musa acuminata Colla)和Klutuk香蕉(Musa-balbisiana Colla。本研究采用三重贴片方案进行设计。收集的数据包括病毒孵化的时间和指示植物的局部坏死症状抑制。研究表明,Ambon和Klutuk香蕉提取物对Tobamovirus的抑制率分别为86.34%和91.22%。
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引用次数: 3
Respons Ketahanan Tembakau terhadap Tobamovirus dengan Agens Hayati sebagai Induser
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/JPTI.31241
Riska Awalia Putri, S. Sulandari, Christanti Sumardiyono, Triwidodo Arwiyanto
Tobamovirus is one of the important pathogen that  decrease   the quantity and quality  of cigar tobacco cultivation. One of the alternative control of this disease is by using rhizosphere biological agents such as Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., and mycorrhiza. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and mechanism of the biological agents singly and in combination to induce cigar tobacco plant resistance of the F1 (TV38xG) variety in the greenhouse. The biological agents were applied on the root of tobacco during nursery and transplanting. The virus inoculation was performed 10 days after transplanting. The results showed that the treatment with Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., and mycorrhizal were capable to decrease disease incidence by delaying mosaic symptoms  for 6-day in a single treatment and 3 days in combination treatment. The treatment of Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., and mycorrhiza both in single and in combination were capable to decrease the disease intensity for 26%, 23%, 15%, and 10%, respectively. Induced resistance was performed by increased peroxidase activity in the treatment of mycorrhiza as much as 29.27%, Bacillus spp. 20.65%, and Streptomyces spp. 11.10%. Protein analysis with SDS-PAGE of tobacco plants  showed the difference in profile and size of protein bands. Protein bands measuring 17 kDa and 30 kDa were found in tobacco infected Tobamovirus but was not found in healthy tobacco. The single application of Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., and mycorrhiza on tobacco infected Tobamovirus  increase plant growth including plant height as much as 53.71%, number of leaves 57%, stem diameter 29.40%, root length 60.77%, fresh weight of leaves 196.90%, and dry weight of leaf of 265.31%. IntisariTobamovirus merupakan salah satu patogen penting yang menyebabkan penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas pada budidaya tembakau cerutu. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian penyakit ini menggunakan agens hayati pengkoloni akar yaitu Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., dan Mikoriza. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan mekanisme agens hayati secara tunggal dan kombinasi dalam menginduksi ketahanan tanaman tembakau cerutu varietas F1 (TV38xG) di rumah kaca. Agens hayati diaplikasikan pada perakaran tembakau pada saat pembibitan dan pindah tanam. Inokulasi virus dilakukan 10 hari setelah pindah tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., dan Mikoriza dapat menurunkan insidensi penyakit dengan menunda munculnya gejala mosaik 6 hari pada perlakuan tunggal dan 3 hari pada perlakuan kombinasi. Perlakuan Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., dan Mikoriza secara tunggal, dan kombinasi dapat menurunkan intensitas penyakit mosaik berturut-turut 26%, 23%, 15%, dan 10%. Induksi ketahanan terbentuk melalui peningkatan aktivitas peroksidase pada perlakuan Mikoriza 29,27%, Bacillus spp. 20,65%, Streptomyces spp. 11,10%. Analisis protein dengan SDS-PAGE diperoleh adanya perbedaan profi dan ukuran
烟叶病毒是影响雪茄烟叶产量和质量的重要病原菌之一。另一种防治方法是使用根际生物制剂,如芽孢杆菌、链霉菌和菌根。本研究旨在确定生物制剂在温室内单独和联合诱导F1 (TV38xG)品种雪茄烟草植株抗性的有效性和机制。在烟草苗期和移栽期对烟草根部施用生物制剂。移植后10天接种病毒。结果表明,芽孢杆菌、链霉菌和菌根菌单独处理可使花叶病症状延迟6 d,联合处理可使花叶病症状延迟3 d,从而降低发病率。芽孢杆菌、链霉菌和菌根单独和联合处理可使病害强度分别降低26%、23%、15%和10%。通过提高过氧化物酶活性诱导抗性,菌根、芽孢杆菌和链霉菌分别提高了29.27%、20.65%和11.10%。利用SDS-PAGE对烟草植株进行蛋白质分析,发现蛋白质条带的形态和大小存在差异。在感染烟叶中发现了17 kDa和30 kDa的蛋白条带,而在健康烟叶中没有发现。单施芽孢杆菌、链霉菌和菌根对感染了托巴莫病毒的烟草,株高提高53.71%,叶数增加57%,茎粗增加29.40%,根长增加60.77%,叶片鲜重增加196.90%,干重增加265.31%。流行性感冒病毒(IntisariTobamovirus, merupakansalah)是一种病原体,它的致病性为:杨门叶病毒(menyebabkan penurunan kuantitas)和麻疹病毒(kualitas padadbudidaya tembakau cerutu)。Salah satu alternatifpengendalian penyakit ini menggunakan agenens hayati penkoloni akar yitu芽孢杆菌属,链霉菌属,dan Mikoriza。Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekktivitas dan mekanisme代理hayati secara tungal dan kombinasi dalam menginduksi ketahanan tanaman tembakau cerutu变种F1 (TV38xG) di rumah kaca。代理hayati diapplikasikan pada perakaran tembakau pada pbidbitan pindah tanam。猪瘟病毒是一种传染性病毒。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan芽孢杆菌,链霉菌,dan Mikoriza dapat menurunkan insidensi penyakit dengan menunda munculnya gejala mosaik 6 hari pada perlakuan tungal dan 3 hari pada perlakuan kombinasi。Perlakuan Bacillus spp, Streptomyces spp, dan Mikoriza secara tunggal, dan kombinasi dapat menurunkan intensitas penyakit mosaik berturut-turut 26%, 23%, 15%, dan 10%。Induksi ketahanan terbentuk melalui peningkatan aktivitas peroksidase pada perlakuan Mikoriza 29,27%,芽孢杆菌20,65%,链霉菌11,10%。分析蛋白dengan SDS-PAGE, diperoleh adanya perbedah和profi dan ukuran pita蛋白。白斑病蛋白,白斑病蛋白,白斑病蛋白,白斑病蛋白,白斑病蛋白,白斑病蛋白。应用卡西芽孢杆菌属,链霉菌属,小叶状芽孢杆菌属,小叶状芽孢杆菌属。Tinggi tanaman meningkat 53,71%, jumlah dawn 57%, diameter batang 29,40%, panjang akar 60,77%, berat segar dawn 196,90%, dan berat kering dawn 265,31%。
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引用次数: 1
Perancangan Primer Spesifik Subspesies Berbasis Gen Endoglukanase untuk Deteksi Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii 用内质质基因为检测叶子素的主要成分设计。syzygii
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/JPTI.32217
Bambang Trianom, Triwidodo Arwiyanto, Tri Joko
Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii that belong to Ralstonia solanacearum species complex is the cause of Sumateran disease of clove. The disease was reported to cause widespread devastation on clove plantings in Indonesia. One of the control strategies is to reduce the spread of the disease through early detection on clove seedlings. The study aimed to design the specific primers based on endoglucanase (egl) gene of R. syzygii subsp. syzygii as a tool for early diagnosis. The analyses were conducted on development of specific primers design using egl sequences retrieved from GenBank, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), primers sensitivity and specificity test. The pair of primers UGMRss-F (5’-GCTCACCATCGC CAAGGACAGCG-3’) and UGMRss-R (5’-TTCGATCGAACGCCTGGTTGAGC-3’) could amplify R. syzygii subsp. syzygii at ~378 base pairs with 0.8 ng/µl minimum concentration of DNA. The primers was specific to R. syzygii subsp. syzygii but not to other bacterial species even in the same phylotype. IntisariRalstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii merupakan bakteri yang termasuk dalam kelompok Ralstonia solanacearum species complex yang menyebabkan penyakit Sumatera pada tanaman cengkih. Penyakit ini menyebabkan kerugian yang sangat besar dan sampai saat ini belum ditemukan cara pengendalian yang efektif. Salah satu  upaya pencegahan penyakit adalah melalui deteksi dini dan mencegah penyebaran penyakit melalui peredaran bibit dari areal yang endemis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang primer spesifik berbasis gen endoglukanase (egl) sebagai upaya deteksi dini penyakit Sumatera. Analisis yang dilakukan  meliputi  desain primer spesifik dengan menggunakan data sekuens gen egl dari GenBank, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), uji kepekaan primer dan uji kekhususan primer. Desain primer yang berhasil dirancang terdiri dari UGMRss-F (5’- GCTCACCATCGCCAAGGACAGCG-3’) dan UGMRss-R (5’-TTC GATCGAACGCCTGGTTGAGC-3’) dengan amplikon ~378 pasang basa. Pada konsentrasi DNA 0,8 ng/µl, secara peka R. syzygii subsp. syzygii masih dapat teramplifikasi dengan baik. Primer ini juga hanya dapat mendeteksi R. syzygii subsp. syzygii dan tidak untuk bakteri lain bahkan pada filotipe yang sama.
裂谷菌亚种。丁香褐枯病是丁香褐枯病的病原菌。据报道,这种疾病对印度尼西亚的丁香种植造成了广泛的破坏。控制策略之一是通过对丁香幼苗的早期发现来减少疾病的传播。本研究旨在设计基于内切葡聚糖酶(egl)基因的特异性引物。Syzygii作为早期诊断的工具。利用GenBank检索到的egl序列进行特异性引物设计、聚合酶链反应(PCR)、引物敏感性和特异性测试。引物UGMRss-F(5′-GCTCACCATCGC CAAGGACAGCG-3′)和UGMRss-R(5′-TTCGATCGAACGCCTGGTTGAGC-3′)可扩增syzygii亚种。约378个碱基对,最低DNA浓度为0.8 ng/µl。引物对合胞菌亚种具有特异性。即使在同一种型中,对其他细菌也不具有Syzygii作用。印度石竹亚种。杨梅耶巴肯潘亚基苏门答腊帕达塔纳曼。Penyakit ini menyebabkan kerugian yang sangat besar dan sampai saat ini belum diemukan cara pengendalian yang efektif。Salah satu upaya penegahan penyakit adalah melalui deteksi dini dan menegah penyebaran penyakit melalui peredaran bibit dari areal yang endemis。Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang引物特异的基原内糖化酶(egl) sebagai upaya deteksi dini penyakit sumat腊。分析杨迪拉坎梅利普蒂设计引物特异性邓安孟古纳坎数据sekuens gen egl dari GenBank,聚合酶链反应(PCR), uji kepekan引物和uji kekhususan引物。设计引物UGMRss-F(5′- GCTCACCATCGCCAAGGACAGCG-3′)和UGMRss-R(5′- ttc gatcgaacgcctggttggagc -3′)的扩增子~378 pasang bason。Pada konsentrasi DNA 0,8 ng/µl, secara peka R. syzygii subsp。登干银行的Syzygii masih基因扩增。引物ini juga handa dapat mendeteksi . syzygii subsp。Syzygii Dan tidak untuk bakteri lain bakhan pada filotipe Yang sama。
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引用次数: 4
The Effect of Chitosan Application against Plant Growth and Intensity of Stunting Disease on Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Seedlings 壳聚糖对黑胡椒幼苗生长发育及矮化病强度的影响
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/jpti.25453
E. Uge, S. Sulandari, S. Hartono, S. Somowiyarjo
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is  an important estate crops in Indonesia. Some pathogens that have been known to infect black pepper plants include fungi, nematodes and viruses. The stunting disease on black pepper plants was caused by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Molecular detection using RT-PCR method showed that the samples were positively infected by CMV which were amplified by specific primers CMV 111 with bands of 111 bp in size. This virus can be carried by vegetative propagation material of plants. Many control strategies against this virus have been investigated, especially inducing plant resistance with chitosan. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer that play an important role in reducing disease incidence and severity and stimulate plant growth. The aim of this study was to figure out the inhibiting  ability of chitosan solution against infection of stunting virus on black pepper seedlings through spraying applications. Chitosan treatments were prepared in concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. The result showed that application of chitosan at all concentrations affected the decrease of disease incidence and intensity and improved plant growth with insignificant different amongst all treatments but significantly different with control. The highest decrease in incidence was found at 0.75% of chitosan concentration (26.37), while the highest decrease of intensity was expressed at 1% of chitosan (37.62). Application of chitosan also significantly affected to all parameters of plant growth either plant height or leaf diameter. Application of 1% of chitosan increased the percentage of plant growth rather than other treatments, with the increase of plant height 58.12 % and leaf diameter 54.74 %. IntisariLada (Piper nigrum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan penting di Indonesia. Beberapa patogen telah diketahui menginfeksi tanaman lada di antaranya jamur, nematoda, dan virus. Penyakit kerdil pada tanaman lada disebabkan oleh Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Deteksi molekuler menggunakan metode RT-PCR menunjukkan bahwa sampel positif terinfeksi CMV yang diamplifikasi menggunakan primer spesifik CMV 111 dengan ukuran pita band target 111 bp. Virus ini dapat terbawa bahan perbanyakan tanaman secara vegetatif. Banyak strategi pengendalian virus yang telah diuji, diantaranya induksi ketahanan tanaman dengan kitosan. Kitosan adalah biopolimer alami yang berperan dalam menurunkan insidensi dan intensitas penyakit dan menstimulasi pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan penghambatan dari larutan kitosan terhadap infeksi dari virus kerdil pada bibit lada dengan aplikasi penyemprotan. Konsentrasi kitosan yang digunakan adalah 0,5%; 0,75%; dan 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa apliksi kitosan pada semua konsentrasi berpengaruh dalam menurunkan insidensi dan intensitas penyakit dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dengan tidak berbeda nyata di antara perlakuan tetapi berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Penurunan
黑胡椒(Piper nigrum L.)是印度尼西亚重要的庄园作物。一些已知会感染黑胡椒植物的病原体包括真菌、线虫和病毒。黑胡椒植株发育迟缓病是由黄瓜花叶病毒引起的。用RT-PCR方法进行分子检测,结果表明样品被CMV阳性感染,特异性引物CMV 111扩增出大小为111bp的条带。这种病毒可以由植物的营养繁殖材料携带。已经研究了许多防治该病毒的策略,特别是用壳聚糖诱导植物抗性。壳聚糖是一种天然的生物聚合物,在降低疾病发生率和严重程度以及刺激植物生长方面发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是通过喷雾应用,了解壳聚糖溶液对黑胡椒幼苗发育迟缓病毒感染的抑制能力。以0.5%、0.75%和1%的浓度制备壳聚糖处理。结果表明,不同浓度的壳聚糖施用均能降低病害发生率和发病强度,改善植株生长,不同处理间差异不显著,但与对照组差异显著。壳聚糖浓度为0.75%时发病率下降幅度最大(26.37),而浓度为1%时发病率降低幅度最大(37.62)。壳聚糖的施用对植物生长的所有参数(株高或叶片直径)也有显著影响。施用1%的壳聚糖比其他处理提高了植株的生长率,株高增加了58.12%,叶片直径增加了54.74%。IntisariLada(Piper nigrum L.)是印度尼西亚最重要的植物之一。已知一些病原体会感染辣椒植物,包括真菌、线虫和病毒。由黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)引起的乳制品中的克迪尔病。使用RT-PCR方法的分子检测表明,使用靶带宽大小为111bp的特异性引物CMV 111复制的感染CMV的阳性样品。这种病毒可以以植物繁殖物质为食。已经测试了许多病毒控制策略,包括用壳聚糖诱导植物抗性。Kitosan是一种天然生物聚合物,在降低疾病发生率和强度以及刺激植物生长方面发挥作用。本研究的目的是通过推广应用来发现壳聚糖溶液对奶牛籽粒感染核病毒的抑制能力。所使用的壳聚糖的浓度为0.5%;0.75%;和1%。研究表明,施用各种浓度的壳聚糖都会降低疾病的发生率和强度,并通过处理之间的实际差异而与对照之间的实际区别来增加植物的生长。最低入射值为0.75%(26.37),而最低强度值为1%(37.62)。其他应用也对所有植物生长参数有显著影响,包括高植株大小和叶片直径。在其他应用中,1%使植物的百分比增加,高于其他应用,即58.12%和54.74%的叶子。
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引用次数: 4
Determination of Tolerance Threshold Level of Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in Irrigated Rice 灌溉水稻金蜗牛耐受阈值水平的测定
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/jpti.24820
Fatmawati Kalau, F. Wagiman, Witjaksono Witjaksono
Determination of tolerance threshold of golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata) infestation in irrigated rice had been studied at Sumbersari Village, Moyudan District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Teritory, in the growing season of June to October 2016. The water depth during the experiment was maintained at  1 cm. The snails of 2−3 cm in length were infested on rice plots at various ages. The snails were infested on rice plots with density rates of (1) 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 15, 30, (2) 0, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, and (3) 0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30  individuals/m2  at (1) 0 day after planting (DAP), (2) 7 and 14 DAP, and (3) 28 DAP, respectively. These treatments were replicated three times and arranged in the randomized complete block design (RCBD). In this study the tolerance threshold is defined as the highest snail density which causes no significant effect on rice damage and yield loss as compared to control or to the lowest snail density. Therefore, determination of the tolerance threshold was based on the significant difference of damage severity, panicle number per hill, and harvesting dry-weight of rice grain. Results showed that significant rice damage occurred on age of 0, 7, and 14 DAP olds, while on age of 21 and 28 DAP the rice showed no damage. More severe damage occurred to the younger rice. The tolerance threshold values of the snail on rice plots with 1 cm water depth at 0 DAP old was approximately 2 individuals/m2 while at age of 7 and 14 DAP were approximately 3 individuals/m2, respectively. IntisariPenentuan ambang toleransi serangan keong emas (Pomacea canaliculata) pada padi sawah telah dikaji di Desa Sumbersari, Kecamatan Moyudan, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam musim tanam Juni–Oktober 2016. Kedalaman air selama percobaan berlangsung dikondisikan sedalam 1 cm. Keong berukuran 2−3 cm diinfestasikan pada berbagai umur padi. Keong dengan kepadatan (1) 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 15, 30; (2) 0, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30; dan (3) 0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 ekor/m2 diinfestasikan berturut-turut pada plot padi (1) saat tanam (0 hari setelah tanaman (HST)), (2) umur 7 dan 14 HST, dan (3) serta umur 21, dan 28 HST. Perlakuan diulang tiga kali dan diatur dalam rancangan randomized complete block design (RCBD). Dalam penelitian ini ambang toleransi didefinisikan sebagai kepadatan keong tertinggi yang menyebabkan kerusakan tanaman padi dan kehilangan hasil tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol atau dengan kepadatan populasi terendah. Oleh karena itu nilai ambang toleranasi ditentukan berdasarkan signifikansi perbedaan kerusakan tanaman, jumlah bulir per rumpun, dan berat kering panen gabah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan signifikan terjadi pada padi umur 0, 7, dan 14 hari setelah tanam (HST), sedangkan pada umur 21 dan 28 HST padi tidak menunjukkan kerusakan. Kerusakan semakin parah pada padi semakin muda. Pada kondisi kedalaman air 1 cm, nilai ambang toleransi keong mas pada padi umur 0 HST sekitar 2 ekor/m2 sedangkan pada umur 7 dan 1
2016年6 - 10月,在日惹特别行政区Sleman Regency Moyudan区Sumbersari村研究了灌溉水稻对金螺(Pomacea canaliculata)侵染的耐受阈值测定。实验过程中水深保持在1cm。钉螺在不同年龄的稻田中孳生,长度为2 ~ 3 cm。分别在种植后(1)0天、(2)7天、14天、(3)28天、(1)0、1、2、3、5、15、30、(2)0、2、3、5、10、15、30、(3)0、3、5、10、15、20、30只/m2的稻田田块上进行钉螺侵染。这些治疗重复了三次,并按随机完全区设计(RCBD)进行安排。在本研究中,耐受阈值定义为与对照相比,对水稻危害和产量损失没有显著影响的最高蜗牛密度或最低蜗牛密度。因此,确定耐受阈值的依据是水稻的危害程度、每山穗数和收获干重的显著差异。结果表明,水稻在0、7、14 DAP龄发生了显著的病害,而在21、28 DAP龄未发生病害。幼龄水稻受到的损害更为严重。0 DAP龄时,1 cm水深稻田田块上螺的耐受阈值约为2只/m2, 7 DAP龄和14 DAP龄时,螺的耐受阈值约为3只/m2。IntisariPenentuan ambang toleransi serangan keong emas (Pomacea canaliculata) padi padi sawah telah dikaji di Desa Sumbersari, Kecamatan Moyudan, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa日惹dalam穆斯林tanam 2016年7月- 10月。Kedalaman air selama percobaan berlangsung dikondisikan sedalam 1厘米。Keong berukuran 2 - 3 cm diinfestasikan pada berbagai umur padi。姜登根的研究进展(1)0,1,2,3,5,15,30;(2) 0,2,3,5,10,15,30;丹(3)0,3,5,10,15,20,30 ekor/m2 diinfestasikan berturut-turut padi (1) saat tanam (0 hari setelah tanaman (HST)), (2) umur 7丹14 HST,丹(3)serta umur 21,丹28 HST。Perlakuan diulang tiga kali dan diatur dalam ranangan随机完全区设计(RCBD)。Dalam penelitian ini ambang容忍,didefinisikan sebagai kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan kepadatan berbeda显著,dengan控制,dengan kepadatan populasi terendah。Oleh karena itu nilai ambang toleranasi ditentukan berdasarkan signfikansi perbedaan kerusakan tanaman, jumlah buliper rumpun, dan beringpanen gabah。Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan signfikan terjadi padpadi umur 0,7, dan 14 hari setelah tanam (HST), sedangkan padumur 21 dan 28 HST padi tidak menunjukkan kerusakan。Kerusakan semakin parah padi padi semakin muda。Pada kondisi kedalaman空气1厘米,nilai ambang容忍keong mas Pada padi umur 0 HST sekitar 2 ekor/m2 sedangkan Pada umur 7丹14 HST sekitar 3 ekor/m2。
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引用次数: 1
Potensi Parasitoid Telur dalam Mengendalikan Wereng Batang Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) Pasca Ledakan Populasi di Kabupaten Banyumas Banyumas胶囊中处理巧克力蝙蝠波(Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)种群爆炸Pasca的潜在卵寄生虫
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/JPTI.28886
E. Minarni, Agus Suyanto, Kartini Kartini
This study aims to determine the type and potency of egg parasitoid in controlling brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) pests in Banyumas regency after the pest’s explosion. This research has been conducted in five districts of the endemic area of brown planthopper in Banyumas Regency, i.e. in  Jatilawang, Cilongok, Kebasen, Sumpiuh, and Kembaran. Each of the  districts was taken 5 sample villages. The testing and calculation of the level of parasitization  were done in the laboratory of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. The research  used nest plot design, where  the first factor was the district and the second factor was the village. Village nested in  district. The data were  analyzed using F 5% test,  followed by 5% DMRT, if there were  any differences found . The results of the study were as follows: (1) The parasitoids found in Banyumas Regency were Gonatocerus sp. and Oligosita sp. with the ability to parasite 26.8−64.73%, and 1.82−31.40%; (2) the presence parasitoid has the potency  to suppress the intensity of brown planthopper attack on the vegetative phase, the intensity of attacks ranged between 6.96−23.58%, with brown planthopper population ranged from 0.84 to 27.36 individuals per hill. IntisariPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan potensi parasitoid telur dalam mengendalikan hama wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) di Kabupaten Banyumas pasca terjadinya ledakan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lima kecamatan daerah endemik wereng batang cokelat di wilayah Kabupaten Banyumas yaitu Kecamatan Jatilawang, Cilongok, Kebasen, Sumpiuh, Kembaran. Masing-masing kecamatan diambil 5 desa sampel. Pengujian dan penghitungan tingkat pemarasitan dilakukan di laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak tersarang,  dengan kecamatan sebagai faktor pertama  dan desa sebagai faktor kedua. Desa tersarang pada kecamatan. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji F 5%, apabila ada perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan uji banding ganda DMRT 5 %. Adapun hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Parasitoid yang ditemukan di Kabupaten Banyumas adalah Gonatocerus sp. dan Oligosita sp. dengan kemampuan memarasit 26,8−64,73%, dan sebesar 1,82−31,40 %, (2) keberadaan parasitoid berpotensi menekan intensitas serangan hama wereng batang cokelat pada fase vegetatif, intensitas serangan berkisar antara 6,96−23,58%, dengan populasi wereng batang cokelat berkisar 0,84−27,36 individu per rumpun.
本研究旨在确定在香蕉县褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)害虫爆发后,卵寄生蜂的类型和防治效果。本研究在Banyumas Regency褐飞虱流行区的五个地区进行,即[UNK]Jatilawang、Cilongok、Kebasen、Sumpiuh和Kembaran。每个[联合王国]地区都抽取了5个样本村庄。寄生水平的测试和计算是在Purwokerto Jenderal Soedirman大学农业学院植物保护实验室进行的。研究[UNK]使用了嵌套地块设计,其中[UNK]第一个因素是地区,第二个因素是村庄。村庄嵌套在UNK区。如果发现有任何差异,则使用F5%检验对数据进行_BAR_分析,然后使用5%DMRT。研究结果表明:(1)在Banyumas Regency发现的寄生蜂为Gonatocerus sp.和Oligosita sp.,寄生能力分别为26.8−64.73%和1.82−31.40%;(2) 寄生蜂在营养期具有抑制褐飞虱攻击强度的作用,攻击强度在6.96~23.58%之间,褐飞虱种群数量在0.84~27.36只/丘之间。本研究旨在确定鸡蛋寄生蜂的类型和潜力,以控制爆炸后Banyumas橱柜中的褐棒(Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)。这项研究在Banyumas Cape地区的五个地方病脆弱性地区进行,即Jatilawang病、Cylonok病、Kebasen病、Sumpiuh病和Twin病。每起事故中有五个村庄被毁。在Purwokerto Soedirman大学农业植物保护学院实验室进行的设备水平测试和计算。研究使用嵌套映射计划,将限制作为第一因素,将村庄作为第二因素。村里有紧急情况。当存在差异时,使用5%的F检验分析的数据继续使用5%的DMRT双重检验。研究结果表明:(1)Banyumas Cape发现的寄生蜂是Gonatocerus sp.和Oligosita sp.,其压缩能力为26.8−64.73%,大小为1.82−31.40%;(2)潜在寄生蜂的存在抑制了营养期巧克力片的攻击强度,攻击强度在6.96−23.58%之间,*每株草本植物的种群数量为0.84–27.36个。
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引用次数: 3
Resistance Level of Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on Cypermethrin in the Regency of Kupang 库邦县小菜蛾(鳞翅目:小菜蛾科)对氯氰菊酯的抗性水平
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.22146/jpti.24750
N. Kotta, Y. Trisyono, A. Wijonarko
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is one of the major pests of the Brassicaceae family. Presently,  farmers  mostly use  insecticide to control this pest. The improper use of insecticide, however,  may lead to  target pest resistance. Resistance to pyrethroid (cypermethrin) insecticide cases  have been widely reported. This research aimed to know whether the farmers use  cypermethrin based on the recommended practices  and to determine the resistance level of P. xylostella collected from Tarus, Noelbaki, Oesao and Pukdale Villages collected from the Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, which were then compared to  the population of Cangkringan (Sleman, Yogyakarta) as a susceptible population. The survey showed that these four locations in Kupang, used insecticides intensively and did the mixing of two or three insecticides. Insecticide application in these four locations was mostly not scheduled as recommended on the label of insecticides. The susceptibility test showed that the RR (resistance ratio) value from Kupang (Tarus = 9.2, Noelbaki = 7.2, Oesao 7.3, and Pukdale = 3.8, respecively) was higher than susceptible population (Cangkringan = 1.0). Therefore, P. xylostella larvae collected from Kupang has been resistant to cypermethrin. IntisariPlutella xylostella L. merupakan salah satu hama utama pada tanaman Famili Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). Pengendalian dengan insektisida masih menjadi andalan petani di lapangan. Dampak negatif dari insektisida seperti resistensi, resurgensi dan munculnya hama sekunder tidak membuat efek jera karena minimnya pengetahuan tentang dampak negatif tersebut. Resistensi terhadap golongan piretroid sudah banyak dilaporkan. Salah satunya sipermetrin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat cara penggunaan insektisida oleh petani dan tingkat kepekaan dari populasi lapang asal Tarus, Noelbaki, Oesao, dan Pukdale (Kupang, NTT) dibandingkan dengan populasi Cangkringan (Sleman, DIY) terhadap insektisida sipermetrin. Data survei tentang cara penggunaan insektisida oleh petani diketahui bahwa penggunaan insektisida di keempat lokasi tersebut cukup intensif dan terjadi pencampuran insektisida yang tidak kompatibel. Penyemprotan dilakukan secara rutin di Desa Tarus; di Desa Noelbaki dan Oesao ada yang secara rutin dan ada yang kondisional; sedangkan penyemprotan secara kondisional di Desa Pukdale. Data uji kepekaan menunjukkan bahwa P. xylostella asal Kupang telah resisten terhadap sipermetrin dengan nilai RR (rasio resistensisi) tertinggi dari populasi Tarus (9,2), Noelbaki (7,2), Oesao (7,3), Pukdale (3,8) dibandingkan dengan populasi peka asal Cangkringan. 
小菜蛾是十字花科的主要害虫之一。目前,农民普遍使用杀虫剂来控制这种害虫。然而,杀虫剂的不当使用可能会导致对目标害虫产生耐药性。对拟除虫菊酯(氯氰菊酯)杀虫剂的耐药性案例已被广泛报道。本研究旨在了解农民是否根据建议的做法使用[联合王国]氯氰菊酯,并确定从东努沙登加拉Kupang区采集的Tarus、Noelbaki、Oesao和Pukdale村采集的小菜蛾的抗性水平,然后将其与作为易感人群的仓克里根(Sleman,Yogyakarta)的[联合王国)种群进行比较。调查显示,库邦的这四个地点都集中使用杀虫剂,并混合使用了两三种杀虫剂。这四个地点的杀虫剂施用大多没有按照杀虫剂标签上的建议进行。结果表明,库邦小菜蛾幼虫的RR值(Tarus=9.2,Noelbaki=7.2,Oesao7.3,Pukdale=3.8)高于感病群体(仓金根=1.0),表明库邦小菜虫幼虫对氯氰菊酯具有抗性。IntisariPlutellaxylostella L.是十字花科植物中的主要火腿之一。杀虫剂控制仍然是农民在田里的借口。杀虫剂的负面影响,如耐药性、死灰复燃和二次污泥的出现,不会产生急动效应,因为对这些负面影响的了解很少。对拟除虫菊酯类药物的耐药性已被广泛报道。上级之一。这项研究的目的是观察农民如何使用杀虫剂,以及Tarus、Noelbaki、Oesao和Pukdale(Kupang,NTT)本地人口与Cangkringan(Sleman,DIY)人口相比,对西丙三胺杀虫剂的贫困程度。关于农民如何使用杀虫剂的调查数据表明,这四个地方的杀虫剂使用非常密集,而且存在不相容的杀虫剂混合物。Tarus村定期进行喷洒;在Noelbaki和Oesao村,有规则的和有条件的;同时有条件地部署在Pukdale村。置信度检验数据表明,库邦小菜蛾对氯氰菊酯具有抗性,Tarus种群(9.2)、Noelbaki种群(7.2)、Oesao种群(7.3)、Pukdale种群(3.8)的RR(抗性比)最高。
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引用次数: 2
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Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
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