Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.5.183-187
Muhammad Arif Ridho, None Martinius, None Fadli, Yenny Liswarni, Lailatul Najmi, Jumsu Trisno
Tanaman mentimun varietas lokal Padang merupakan tanaman sayuran unggulan bagi petani perkotaan karena umur panen yang pendek. Hasil survei menemukan adanya gejala bercak kuning dan klorosis dengan tulang daun hijau. Gejala ini mirip dengan infeksi Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV) yang menginfeksi mentimun di Jawa dan Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) yang menginfeksi mentimun pada umumnya. Deteksi virus dilakukan dengan teknik reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) menggunakan primer spesifik PRSV dan primer universal Potyvirus, perunutan dan analisis DNA. RT-PCR menggunakan primer spesifik PRSV DNA target tidak menghasilkan pita DNA, namun pita DNA dengan ukuran ±320 pb berhasil teramplifikasi dengan primer universal Potyvirus. Analisis sikuen nukleotida menunjukkan bahwa similaritas virus tertinggi sebesar 93.8% dan 93.5%, berturut-turut dengan ZYMV isolat Singapura dan India. Infeksi ZYMV merupakan kejadian pertama pada tanaman mentimun di Padang, Sumatera Barat.
{"title":"The First Occurrence of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus Infecting Cucumber in Padang, West Sumatra","authors":"Muhammad Arif Ridho, None Martinius, None Fadli, Yenny Liswarni, Lailatul Najmi, Jumsu Trisno","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.5.183-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.5.183-187","url":null,"abstract":"Tanaman mentimun varietas lokal Padang merupakan tanaman sayuran unggulan bagi petani perkotaan karena umur panen yang pendek. Hasil survei menemukan adanya gejala bercak kuning dan klorosis dengan tulang daun hijau. Gejala ini mirip dengan infeksi Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV) yang menginfeksi mentimun di Jawa dan Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) yang menginfeksi mentimun pada umumnya. Deteksi virus dilakukan dengan teknik reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) menggunakan primer spesifik PRSV dan primer universal Potyvirus, perunutan dan analisis DNA. RT-PCR menggunakan primer spesifik PRSV DNA target tidak menghasilkan pita DNA, namun pita DNA dengan ukuran ±320 pb berhasil teramplifikasi dengan primer universal Potyvirus. Analisis sikuen nukleotida menunjukkan bahwa similaritas virus tertinggi sebesar 93.8% dan 93.5%, berturut-turut dengan ZYMV isolat Singapura dan India. Infeksi ZYMV merupakan kejadian pertama pada tanaman mentimun di Padang, Sumatera Barat.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136102394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae merupakan salah satu penyakit yang merugikan bagi produksi padi Indonesia. Salah satu upaya untuk mengendalikan penyakit tersebut ialah menggunakan varietas tahan HDB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perkembangan penyakit HDB pada enam galur hasil rakitan dari petani (TCIPB202101, TCIPB202102, TCIPB202103, TCIPB202104, TCIPB202105, dan TCIPB202106) dan dua varietas pembanding, yaitu Ciherang dan Inpari 30. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Cikabayan Dramaga dengan inokulasi buatan. Pengamatan meliputi masa inkubasi, panjang lesio dan intensitas penyakit pada 7 dan 14 hari setelah inokulasi (HSI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua galur yang diuji merupakan galur yang tahan terhadap penyakit HDB dan memiliki ketahanan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan varietas pembandingnya. Galur TCIPB202105 dan TCIPB202106 memiliki respons ketahanan terbaik dengan rata-rata intensitas penyakit dibawah 1%, sedangkan TCIPB202101 dan TCIPB202102 memiliki intensitas penyakitnya yang paling tinggi namun masih dalam kategori agak tahan.
{"title":"Resistance of Six Lines from Farmers against Bacterial Leaf Blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae)","authors":"Andika Septiana Suryaningsih, Hermanu Triwidodo, Suryo Wiyono","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.4.176-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.4.176-181","url":null,"abstract":"Penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae merupakan salah satu penyakit yang merugikan bagi produksi padi Indonesia. Salah satu upaya untuk mengendalikan penyakit tersebut ialah menggunakan varietas tahan HDB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perkembangan penyakit HDB pada enam galur hasil rakitan dari petani (TCIPB202101, TCIPB202102, TCIPB202103, TCIPB202104, TCIPB202105, dan TCIPB202106) dan dua varietas pembanding, yaitu Ciherang dan Inpari 30. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Cikabayan Dramaga dengan inokulasi buatan. Pengamatan meliputi masa inkubasi, panjang lesio dan intensitas penyakit pada 7 dan 14 hari setelah inokulasi (HSI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua galur yang diuji merupakan galur yang tahan terhadap penyakit HDB dan memiliki ketahanan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan varietas pembandingnya. Galur TCIPB202105 dan TCIPB202106 memiliki respons ketahanan terbaik dengan rata-rata intensitas penyakit dibawah 1%, sedangkan TCIPB202101 dan TCIPB202102 memiliki intensitas penyakitnya yang paling tinggi namun masih dalam kategori agak tahan.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":"CE-23 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135267887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 19 No. 4, July 2023
这篇社论包含了2023年7月印尼《病理病理学杂志》第19卷第4期的封面、社论版和封底
{"title":"Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 19 No. 4, Juli 2023","authors":"None Editors Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.4.i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.4.i","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 19 No. 4, July 2023","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":"13 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135274230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.4.166-175
Iwe Cahyati, Tri Asmira Damayanti, Sugeng Santoso
Infeksi virus menjadi salah satu pembatas produksi kedelai di Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan menguji efektivitas kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, dan kombinasinya, serta insektisida dalam mengendalikan infeksi virus pada kedelai di lapangan. Efektivitas perlakuan diuji dalam petak utama tanpa dan dengan pembatas jagung. Peubah penyakit, populasi serangga, dan peubah agronomi diamati mingguan. Populasi kutudaun pada perlakuan kontrol dengan tanaman pembatas lebih rendah daripada perlakuan kontrol tanpa tanaman pembatas, menunjukkan tanaman pembatas mampu menghalangi kutudaun masuk ke pertanaman kedelai. Inkorporasi perlakuan kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, dan kombinasinya mampu menekan populasi kutudaun sebanding dengan perlakuan insektisida pada kedua petak utama. Area under population progress curve (AUPPC) kutudaun selaras dengan lebih rendahnya area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), insidensi dan keparahan penyakit serta AUDPC secara nyata dibandingkan dengan kontrol tanpa perlakuan. Efektivitas perlakuan pada petak dengan tanaman pembatas mampu menurunkan populasi kutudaun, insidensi dan keparahan penyakit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang sama pada petak tanpa tanaman pembatas. AUDPC antarperlakuan kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, kombinasi, dan insektisida secara umum berbeda nyata lebih rendah pada kedua petak utama dibandingkan dengan kontrol tanpa perlakuan. Hasil panen kedelai menunjukkan lebih tinggi secara signifikan daripada perlakuan kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, dan kombinasinya dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol pada kedua petak utama. Penggunaan tanaman pembatas yang disatukan dengan salah satu perlakuan kitosan dan ekstrak daun bugenvil dapat menjadi paket pengelolaan yang ramah lingkungan untuk mengendalikan infeksi virus pada tanaman kedelai di lapangan.
{"title":"Combination of Barrier Corp, Chitosan, Bougaivillea Leaf Extract to Manage Virus on Soybean","authors":"Iwe Cahyati, Tri Asmira Damayanti, Sugeng Santoso","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.4.166-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.4.166-175","url":null,"abstract":"Infeksi virus menjadi salah satu pembatas produksi kedelai di Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan menguji efektivitas kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, dan kombinasinya, serta insektisida dalam mengendalikan infeksi virus pada kedelai di lapangan. Efektivitas perlakuan diuji dalam petak utama tanpa dan dengan pembatas jagung. Peubah penyakit, populasi serangga, dan peubah agronomi diamati mingguan. Populasi kutudaun pada perlakuan kontrol dengan tanaman pembatas lebih rendah daripada perlakuan kontrol tanpa tanaman pembatas, menunjukkan tanaman pembatas mampu menghalangi kutudaun masuk ke pertanaman kedelai. Inkorporasi perlakuan kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, dan kombinasinya mampu menekan populasi kutudaun sebanding dengan perlakuan insektisida pada kedua petak utama. Area under population progress curve (AUPPC) kutudaun selaras dengan lebih rendahnya area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), insidensi dan keparahan penyakit serta AUDPC secara nyata dibandingkan dengan kontrol tanpa perlakuan. Efektivitas perlakuan pada petak dengan tanaman pembatas mampu menurunkan populasi kutudaun, insidensi dan keparahan penyakit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang sama pada petak tanpa tanaman pembatas. AUDPC antarperlakuan kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, kombinasi, dan insektisida secara umum berbeda nyata lebih rendah pada kedua petak utama dibandingkan dengan kontrol tanpa perlakuan. Hasil panen kedelai menunjukkan lebih tinggi secara signifikan daripada perlakuan kitosan, ekstrak daun bugenvil, dan kombinasinya dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol pada kedua petak utama. Penggunaan tanaman pembatas yang disatukan dengan salah satu perlakuan kitosan dan ekstrak daun bugenvil dapat menjadi paket pengelolaan yang ramah lingkungan untuk mengendalikan infeksi virus pada tanaman kedelai di lapangan.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.14692/jfi.16.6.235-242
Efi Toding Tondok, Desi Andini
Hot Water Treatment and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria to Suppress Seed-Borne Fungi on Rice Variety IPB-3S
IPB-3S is a new rice variety which was developed to improve national rice production in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine seed-borne fungi associated with IPB-3S variety and to determine the potential of hot water and PGPR treatment to suppress the fungal infection. The study consisted of five experiments, i.e. seed health test by dry seed observation and by blotter test, pathogenicity test, seed treatment using hot water and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Seven genera of fungi were found in IPB-3S seeds, namely Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Rhizoctonia, Curvularia, Fusarium and Colletotrichum. All of these fungi are pathogenic based on pathogenicity test. Seed treatment using hot water at 54 ℃ and PGPR reduced fungal infections and increased germination of IPB-3S seeds.
{"title":"Perlakuan Air Panas dan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria untuk Menekan Cendawan Terbawa Benih pada Padi Varietas IPB-3S","authors":"Efi Toding Tondok, Desi Andini","doi":"10.14692/jfi.16.6.235-242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.16.6.235-242","url":null,"abstract":"Hot Water Treatment and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria to Suppress Seed-Borne Fungi on Rice Variety IPB-3S
 IPB-3S is a new rice variety which was developed to improve national rice production in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine seed-borne fungi associated with IPB-3S variety and to determine the potential of hot water and PGPR treatment to suppress the fungal infection. The study consisted of five experiments, i.e. seed health test by dry seed observation and by blotter test, pathogenicity test, seed treatment using hot water and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Seven genera of fungi were found in IPB-3S seeds, namely Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Rhizoctonia, Curvularia, Fusarium and Colletotrichum. All of these fungi are pathogenic based on pathogenicity test. Seed treatment using hot water at 54 ℃ and PGPR reduced fungal infections and increased germination of IPB-3S seeds.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136241993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.4.156-165
Dini Sundari, Arif Wibowo, Tri Joko, Ani Widiastuti, Arlyna Budi Pustika
Twisted disease (Fusarium spp.) is an endemic disease that reduces shallot production in the coastal land area of Samas, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The application of Bacillus spp. can suppress the twisted disease by secreting secondary metabolites and enhancing soil suppressiveness. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of adding spraying Bacillus spp. on the disease incidence, production of shallots, and their effect on the diversity of rhizomicrobiome by culture microbe approaches. Bacillus spp. with a density 108 cfu mL-1, Trichoderma asperellum 106 cfu mL-1 was applied by spraying to the shallot. Fungicide chlorothalonil, propiconazole, and prochloraz were used to control the disease. The diversity of rhizobacteria and fungi was analyzed using the ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) method. Based on the analysis result, the addition of spraying B. velezensis B-27, combination B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76, and T. asperellum was unable to enhance the suppression of twisted disease, but it was able to enhance the production of shallot bulbs reaching 7.10, 7.80, and 8.43 ton ha-1. Furthermore, the result revealed the diversity of the rhizomicrobiome, spraying Bacillus sp. showed 39% differences in bacterial diversity with control while T. asperellum caused 43% difference in the diversity. Spraying Bacillus spp. has not been able to suppress the incidence of twisted diseases compared to control. However, the similar disease incidence on a spraying Bacillus spp. and control showed a higher production until 70% compared to control. This result showed that the addition of spraying Bacillus spp. able to increase the tolerance of shallot plants toward twisted disease.
{"title":"The Diversity of Shallot Rhizomicrobiome and Twisted Disease Suppression with The Applicationof Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma asperellum","authors":"Dini Sundari, Arif Wibowo, Tri Joko, Ani Widiastuti, Arlyna Budi Pustika","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.4.156-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.4.156-165","url":null,"abstract":"Twisted disease (Fusarium spp.) is an endemic disease that reduces shallot production in the coastal land area of Samas, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The application of Bacillus spp. can suppress the twisted disease by secreting secondary metabolites and enhancing soil suppressiveness. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of adding spraying Bacillus spp. on the disease incidence, production of shallots, and their effect on the diversity of rhizomicrobiome by culture microbe approaches. Bacillus spp. with a density 108 cfu mL-1, Trichoderma asperellum 106 cfu mL-1 was applied by spraying to the shallot. Fungicide chlorothalonil, propiconazole, and prochloraz were used to control the disease. The diversity of rhizobacteria and fungi was analyzed using the ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) method. Based on the analysis result, the addition of spraying B. velezensis B-27, combination B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76, and T. asperellum was unable to enhance the suppression of twisted disease, but it was able to enhance the production of shallot bulbs reaching 7.10, 7.80, and 8.43 ton ha-1. Furthermore, the result revealed the diversity of the rhizomicrobiome, spraying Bacillus sp. showed 39% differences in bacterial diversity with control while T. asperellum caused 43% difference in the diversity. Spraying Bacillus spp. has not been able to suppress the incidence of twisted diseases compared to control. However, the similar disease incidence on a spraying Bacillus spp. and control showed a higher production until 70% compared to control. This result showed that the addition of spraying Bacillus spp. able to increase the tolerance of shallot plants toward twisted disease.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135135625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 6, November 2022
这篇社论包含《印度尼西亚医学杂志》第18卷第6期的封面、社论页和封底，2022年11月
{"title":"Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 18 No. 6, November 2022","authors":"Editors Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","doi":"10.14692/jfi.18.6.i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.18.6.i","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 6, November 2022","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49492453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.14692/jfi.18.6.264-268
F. Parlindo, H. S. Khairani, S. W. Ardie
The use of fungi-free seeds is an important factor to increase the production of foxtail millet (Setaria italica). This study aims to develop a technique to eliminate seed-borne fungi of foxtail millet seeds from Buru Island through hot water treatment. Identification of seed-borne fungi showed that Boeremia sp. was the dominant fungus on foxtail millet seeds from Buru Island. Hot water treatment with a combination of temperature (50 ℃, 52 ℃, 54 ℃) and treatment period (15, 20, 25 minutes) was examined to determine the most effective treatment in suppressing the growth of fungi but not affecting seed germination. This study showed that hot water treatment at 50 ℃ for 25 minutes reduced fungal infestation in vitro and ad planta by 57% and 55%, respectively. This indicates that this method can be relied upon to save foxtail millet seed production losses due to the development of pathogenic fungi.
{"title":"Reducing the Risk of Seed-Borne Fungi Development of Foxtail Millet from Buru Island through Hot Water Treatment","authors":"F. Parlindo, H. S. Khairani, S. W. Ardie","doi":"10.14692/jfi.18.6.264-268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.18.6.264-268","url":null,"abstract":"The use of fungi-free seeds is an important factor to increase the production of foxtail millet (Setaria italica). This study aims to develop a technique to eliminate seed-borne fungi of foxtail millet seeds from Buru Island through hot water treatment. Identification of seed-borne fungi showed that Boeremia sp. was the dominant fungus on foxtail millet seeds from Buru Island. Hot water treatment with a combination of temperature (50 ℃, 52 ℃, 54 ℃) and treatment period (15, 20, 25 minutes) was examined to determine the most effective treatment in suppressing the growth of fungi but not affecting seed germination. This study showed that hot water treatment at 50 ℃ for 25 minutes reduced fungal infestation in vitro and ad planta by 57% and 55%, respectively. This indicates that this method can be relied upon to save foxtail millet seed production losses due to the development of pathogenic fungi.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46953969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.3.118-126
Gen Adi Wisanggeni, S. Suryanti, T. Joko
Cloves is one of the main plantation commodities and is native to Indonesia. Leaf spot disease with necrosis symptom is often found in clove plants. Interferences to photosynthesis caused by leaf spot disease can cause plant death. Bacillus is known to inhibit the development of pathogens through nutrient competition and antibiosis mechanism. This study aims to identify Bacillus sp. RJ09 through molecular approach and determine its potential in suppressing the development of Pestalotiopsis sp., the cause of clove leaf spot by in vitro examination. Identification of the fungus was carried out by observing the morphology which included the color of the colony, the shape and size of the conidium of the isolated fungus. Identification of Bacillus sp. RJ09 was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a pair of primers that amplified gyrB gene region of ±1400 bp, followed by sequence analysis. The ability of Bacillus sp. RJ09 as a biological agent against fungi associated with leaf spot was determined using an in vitro double culture method. Pestalotiopsis sp. was found as the fungus associated with leaf spot disease and can cause black necrotic spots on the leaves. Molecular identification of Bacillus sp. RJ09 showed the highest similarity value of 99.40% with B. subtilis subsp. subtitles. In vitro dual culture showed B. subtilis subsp. subtilis RJ09 can inhibit the growth of Pestalotiopsis sp. colonies by 75%.
{"title":"The Potential of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis RJ09 as a Biological Control Agent Against Leaf Spot Diseases on Clove","authors":"Gen Adi Wisanggeni, S. Suryanti, T. Joko","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.3.118-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.3.118-126","url":null,"abstract":"Cloves is one of the main plantation commodities and is native to Indonesia. Leaf spot disease with necrosis symptom is often found in clove plants. Interferences to photosynthesis caused by leaf spot disease can cause plant death. Bacillus is known to inhibit the development of pathogens through nutrient competition and antibiosis mechanism. This study aims to identify Bacillus sp. RJ09 through molecular approach and determine its potential in suppressing the development of Pestalotiopsis sp., the cause of clove leaf spot by in vitro examination. Identification of the fungus was carried out by observing the morphology which included the color of the colony, the shape and size of the conidium of the isolated fungus. Identification of Bacillus sp. RJ09 was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a pair of primers that amplified gyrB gene region of ±1400 bp, followed by sequence analysis. The ability of Bacillus sp. RJ09 as a biological agent against fungi associated with leaf spot was determined using an in vitro double culture method. Pestalotiopsis sp. was found as the fungus associated with leaf spot disease and can cause black necrotic spots on the leaves. Molecular identification of Bacillus sp. RJ09 showed the highest similarity value of 99.40% with B. subtilis subsp. subtitles. In vitro dual culture showed B. subtilis subsp. subtilis RJ09 can inhibit the growth of Pestalotiopsis sp. colonies by 75%.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48380192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.4.133-144
Maryani Nani, Elmira Oktaria Raihan Harahap, R. O. Khastini, Fajar Ahmad
Detection of Fusarium wilt on Local Bananas in Pandeglang Fusarium wilt of bananas or Panama disease, caused by Tropical Race4 (TR4), threatens the global banana industry. In Indonesia, the disease devastated Cavendish, an export variety, and many local bananas, such as Pisang Raja, Kepok, and Barangan. Nonetheless, TR4 incidence is unknown in many parts of Indonesia. This study aimed to detect TR4 in local bananas from Pandeglang, the most banana-produced area in Banten Province. A survey was conducted in nine Kecamatan i.e., Banjar, Cadasari, Jiput, Labuan, and Menes. In total, 13 banana accessions showed symptoms of fusarium wilt. Symptomatic pseudostem samples were plated on potato dextrose agar. The monosporic culture was derived from isolation and used for morphological identification and DNA extraction. Based on the morphological characteristics of Fusarium, 27 strains members of 3 species complexes were identified, i.e., F. cugenangense, F. foetens dan F. oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum species complex; FOSC), F. equiseti dan F. incarnatum (Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex) dan F. solani (Fusarium solani species complex, currently named as Neocosmospora). Molecular detection of TR4 was done using duplex PCR of translation elongation factor-1α (Tef-1α) and TR4 primer specific, giving positive results only on TR4 strains, members of FOSC. This study enhances our knowledge of the spreading of TR4 in an unidentified area in Indonesia. Many of the local bananas in Pandeglang is susceptible to TR4, thus threaten banana cultivation in this area. Further study on the molecular analysis using more genes will give insight into the expanding genetic diversity of Fusarium causing wilt in Banana in the Indonesian collection.
香蕉枯萎病或巴拿马病是由Tropical Race4 (TR4)引起的香蕉枯萎病，威胁着全球香蕉产业。在印度尼西亚，这种疾病摧毁了出口品种卡文迪什香蕉和许多当地香蕉，如Pisang Raja、Kepok和Barangan。尽管如此，TR4在印度尼西亚许多地区的发病率尚不清楚。本研究旨在检测来自万丹省香蕉产量最高的Pandeglang地区的当地香蕉中的TR4。在9个Kecamatan进行了调查，即班贾尔、卡达萨里、吉普特、纳闽和梅内斯。共有13份香蕉材料表现出枯萎病的症状。将有症状的假茎样品镀于马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂上。从分离中获得单孢子培养物，用于形态鉴定和DNA提取。根据镰刀菌的形态特征，鉴定出3个菌种复合体的27个菌株，分别为:F. cugenangense、F. foetens和F. oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum species complex);F. equiseti dan F. incarnatum (Fusarium incarnati -equiseti种复合体)dan F. solani (Fusarium solani种复合体，目前命名为Neocosmospora)。TR4分子检测采用翻译延伸因子-1α (Tef-1α)和TR4引物特异性双链PCR，仅对FOSC成员TR4菌株进行阳性检测。这项研究增强了我们对TR4在印度尼西亚一个未知地区传播的认识。攀德朗的许多当地香蕉对TR4易感，从而威胁到该地区的香蕉种植。利用更多的基因进行分子分析，将有助于深入了解印尼香蕉枯萎病镰刀菌的遗传多样性。
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