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Efektivitas Penerapan Persyaratan Pendirian Rumah Ibadat Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang Berlaku 建立礼拜场所的条件的有效应用
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.30652/JIH.V10I2.8091
Aulia Hestyara
Indonesia sebagai sebuah Negara yang mengakui adanya perbedaan agama dan melindungi kebebasan keberagamaan tersebut secara serius mengatur persoalan pendirian rumah ibadat dalam suatu Peraturan Bersama Menteri. Namun di dalam Peraturan Bersama Menteri ini yang dapat ditafsirkan secara luas dan justru menimbulkan konflik antar umat beragama berupa penolakan pendirian rumah ibadat agama tertentu. Adapun identifikasi masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah penerapan persyaratan pendirian rumah ibadat dan bagaimana efektivitas peran serta masyarakat dalam pendirian rumah ibadat sebagai salah satu persyaratan pendirian rumah ibadat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis sosiologis (socio-legal). Adapun spesifikasi penelitian ini untuk identfikasi masalah bersifat deskriptif analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan, pertama, pihak panitia pendirian rumah ibadat telah berusaha memenuhi seluruh persyaratan yang tercantum dalam PBM Pendirian Rumah Ibadat namun masih ditemukan poenolakan dalam hal pendiriannya. Selain itu pihak pemerintah tidak memfasilitasi pemindahan lokasi pendirian rumah ibadat yang menerima penolakan pendiriannya. Kedua, peran serta masyarakat  sebagai salah satu syarat pendirian rumah ibadat justru menghambat efektivitas PBM Pendirian Rumah Ibadat ini dikarenakan struktur social dan psikis masyarakat yang berbeda-beda dan tidak semua masyarakat mau menerima keberadaan rumah ibadat yang berbeda dari agam yang dianutnya.
印度尼西亚作为一个承认宗教差异并保护宗教自由的国家,认真地将建立礼拜场所的问题安排在与部长的一项规定中。但是,在这项与部长有关的法令中,拒绝建立一个特定的宗教崇拜场所可能会引起宗教人士之间的冲突。此外,确定本研究的问题是,建立敬拜之家的条件如何适用,以及社区参与建立敬拜之家的条件如何有效。这项研究采用的是社会学法学方法。至于本研究对问题识别的规范,则是分析描述性问题。这项研究的结果表明,首先,建立一个礼拜场所的委员会试图满足PBM所规定的所有要求,但在它的立场上仍然有适当的尊重。此外,政府不方便搬迁承认其放弃的礼拜场所。其次,公民作为建立礼拜场所的条件之一的参与阻碍了PBM建立礼拜场所的有效性,这是因为不同社会的社会和精神结构,并不是所有的公民都愿意接受不同宗教的礼拜场所。
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引用次数: 0
REKONSEPTUALISASI PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA SECARA LANGSUNG DIKAITKAN DENGAN KEDUDUKAN DESA SEBAGAI OTONOMI ASLI 对村长选举的重新概念化与该村作为原始自治的地位直接相关
Pub Date : 2021-08-30 DOI: 10.30652/JIH.V10I2.7976
N. Ainun
Based on Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, it states that the state recognizes and respects indigenous peoples and their traditional rights as long as they are still alive and in accordance with community development and the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, which are regulated in the Law. -Invit. Talking about the village cannot be separated from the original autonomy of the village and based on historical values, in which the village was formed based on the initiative of the local community with due regard to the rights of recognition or the origin of the village and the rights of subsidiarity. This study aims to determine the reconceptualization of village head elections that are directly related to the position of the village as genuine autonomy, which according to the authors that the concept of direct village head elections as regulated in Law Number 16 of 2014 concerning Villages is not properly related to the position of the village as autonomy. original. Therefore, a new concept or ideal concept is needed in the village head election system in Indonesia that takes into account the values that live in the local community and does not run away from the characteristics of the village as genuine autonomy. This research is a type of normative research, which is research conducted by examining library materials. The approach method used in this research is qualitative juridical data analysis, which is a description of the legal materials collected and because the data is not in the form of numbers that will be arranged logically and systematically and without using statistical formulas. . Furthermore, the researcher explains clearly and in detail through analysis based on applicable legal principles associated with the research topic. Keyword : Reconceptualization, Election, Village, Head, Direct, Autonomos, Original
根据1945年《宪法》第18B条第(2)款,国家承认和尊重土著人民及其传统权利,只要他们仍然活着,并按照社区发展和法律规定的印度尼西亚共和国统一国家的原则。-Invit。谈论村落,离不开村落原有的自治性,离不开基于历史价值的村落形成,村落的形成是基于当地社区的主动行动,同时兼顾了村落的承认权或起源权和辅助性权利。本研究旨在确定与村庄真正自治地位直接相关的村长选举的重新概念化,根据作者的观点,2014年第16号关于村庄的法律规定的村长直接选举的概念与村庄的自治地位没有适当的关系。原创。因此,印度尼西亚的村长选举制度需要一个新的概念或理想的概念,既要考虑到生活在当地社区中的价值观,又不偏离村庄作为真正自治的特点。这项研究是一种规范研究,即通过检查图书馆资料进行的研究。本研究使用的方法是定性的法律数据分析,它是对所收集的法律材料的描述,因为数据不是以数字的形式,将逻辑和系统地排列,不使用统计公式。此外,研究者根据与研究课题相关的适用法律原则,通过分析进行了清晰详细的解释。关键词:重构、选举、村、头、直接、自治、原创
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引用次数: 0
Urgensi Reformulasi Pengaturan Benih Tanaman Produk Rekayasa Genetik 植物种子重新排列的紧迫性是基因工程产品
Pub Date : 2021-08-30 DOI: 10.30652/JIH.V10I2.7994
Kessa Hendriyanto
Ketersediaan benih bermutu merupakan faktor penting dalam upaya peningkatan produksi pangan Indonesia. Salah satu persoalan yang dihadapi oleh Indonesia dalam rangka peningkatan produksi pangan yaitu terkait dengan ketersediaan benih tanaman yang bermutu. Sesuai dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, sudah dipandang perlu pengaturan yang komprehensif terhadap pegembangan varietas tanaman melalui rekayasa genetik. Varietas tanaman melalui rekayasa genetik ini umumnya dikenal dengan tanaman Produk Rekayasa Genetik (PRG). Pengembangan tanaman PRG bagi pertanian Indonesia bukan tanpa masalah. Pihak yang tidak setuju dengan teknologi rekayasa genetik, menganggap tanaman-tanaman rekayasa genetik yang dihasilkan dapat menyebabkan ancaman serius bagi kesehatan manusia dan juga bagi lingkungan. Padahal kenyataannya produk PRG sudah banyak beredar di Indonesia. Melalui tulisan ini hendak dibahas mengenai bagaimana pengaturan mengenai benih tanaman PRG di Indonesia serta bagaimana cara meningkatkan keberterimaan atas benih tanaman PRG. Melalui pengaturan benih tanaman PRG yang tepat dan responsif diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keberterimaan di masyarakat atas benih tanaman PRG.
高质量的种子获得是印尼粮食生产努力的重要因素。印度尼西亚面临的问题之一是提高粮食生产,这与作物可获得的高质量种子有关。随着科学技术的发展,人们认为有必要通过基因工程对植物种类的变化进行全面的安排。通过基因工程培育的植物品种通常被称为基因工程产品(PRG)。印尼农业PRG的发展并非一帆风顺。那些反对基因工程技术的人认为它们的基因工程作物可能对人类和环境构成严重威胁。事实上,PRG产品在印尼已经很畅销。通过这篇文章,我们将讨论如何安排PRG在印度尼西亚的种子,以及如何增加PRG种子的可行性。通过对PRG作物种子的适当和反应性安排,预计将增加社区对PRG作物种子的可行性。
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引用次数: 1
Authority for the Development and Supervision of Regional Legal Products from Regional Autonomy Perspective 区域自治视角下的区域法制产品开发与监管权限
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i2.21012
Sy Masyithah, Faisal A. Rani
Law Number 23 of 2014 requires local governments to obtain a register number in the formation of the Perda (regional regulation) as part of supervision. Furthermore, Law Number 15 Year 2019 requires Regional Governments to harmonize, unify, and implement conceptions of the formation of Regional Regulations as part of coaching. In the context of regional autonomy, the constitution gives authority to the regions to regulate and manage government affairs by themselves according to the principles of autonomy and duty of assistance as well as to carry out the broadest possible autonomy. The research aims to study and explain the methods and stages used by the central government in fostering and supervising regional legal products from the perspective of autonomy and their material boundaries. The method used in this research is normative legal research method.harmonizing, rounding off and stabilizing conception. While supervision by giving register numbers, clarifications, and cancellations.The limitation of guidance and supervision material is based on the category of legal products classified as facilitation or evaluation.
2014年第23号法律要求地方政府在形成Perda(区域法规)时获得一个注册号,作为监督的一部分。此外,2019年第15号法律要求地方政府协调、统一和实施区域法规形成的概念,作为指导的一部分。在区域自治的背景下,宪法赋予地方根据自治和协助义务的原则自主调节和管理政府事务的权力,实行最广泛的自治。本研究旨在从自治权及其物质边界的角度,研究和阐释中央政府培育和监管地方法律产品的方法和阶段。本研究采用的方法是规范法研究方法。协调、完善、稳定观念。同时通过登记号、澄清、注销等方式进行监督。指导和监督材料的局限性是基于法律产品的类别,分类为促进或评估。
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引用次数: 0
Reflection of the Concept of Sanctions and Law on the Tamambaloh Dayak Custom 制裁与法律观念对塔曼巴洛达亚克习俗的反思
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i2.20897
Efriani Efriani, Edy Agustinus
The phenomenon of sanctions encourages the custom to be labeled “Customary Law” is an interesting phenomenon to be reflected on. In this regard, it reflects on the tradition of the Tamambaloh Dayak ethnicity as social control, and provides a view on the tradition which has the sanctions. This article used an ethnographic qualitative study approach with in-depth observations and interviews. This study described the concept of sanctions on the customs and customary law of the Tamambaloh Dayak in West Kalimantan Province. The results of this study indicated that both customs and customary law in the Tamambaloh Dayak both had sanctions. Sanctions have a function as a symbol of balancing or re-harmonizing the condition of the universe that is experiencing chaos due to human actions. Therefore, sanctions are not interpreted as punishment but as a cultural process.
制裁现象促使习惯被贴上“习惯法”的标签,这是一个值得反思的有趣现象。在这方面,它反映了作为社会控制的Tamambaloh Dayak种族的传统,并提供了对具有制裁的传统的看法。本文采用民族志定性研究方法,进行深入观察和访谈。这项研究描述了对西加里曼丹省Tamambaloh Dayak的习俗和习惯法进行制裁的概念。这项研究的结果表明,Tamambaloh Dayak的习俗和习惯法都有制裁。制裁具有平衡或重新协调因人类行为而经历混乱的宇宙状况的象征作用。因此,制裁不能被理解为惩罚,而是一种文化过程。
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引用次数: 0
The Application of Final and Binding Principles in Sharia Economics Dispute Resolution Through Basyarnas 最终和约束性原则在伊斯兰经济学争议解决中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i2.20439
Dewi Nurul Musjtari, Riki Ali Nurdin
This study aims to determine the application of the final and binding principles in sharia economic dispute resolution through Basyarnas. This research method used empirical research with secondary and primary data. Secondary data was complemented by primary and secondary legal materials, while primary data was obtained through interviews. The data analysis was carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner. The results indicated that the final principle is applied to the settlement of sharia economic disputes through Basyarnas when the parties have received the sharia arbitration decision and do not object to the decision issued by Basyarnas, or when one of the parties submits an objection to the sharia arbitration decision, and the arbitrator re-signed the revised decision in accordance with Article 58 of Law Number 30 of 1999 and Article 20 of the 2017 Basyarnas Rules of Procedure. The final sharia arbitration decision will have binding power for the parties (binding) after the decision is registered with the Religious Court in accordance with the respondent’s regional laws.
本研究旨在通过Basyarnas确定最终和约束性原则在伊斯兰教经济争端解决中的应用。本研究方法采用了实证研究的方法,并结合了二手数据和一手数据。二手数据由一手和二手法律资料补充,而一手数据则通过访谈获得。数据分析以描述性定性的方式进行。结果表明,最终原则适用于通过Basyarnas解决伊斯兰教法经济纠纷,当当事人收到伊斯兰教法仲裁裁决且不反对Basyarnas发布的裁决时,或者当一方当事人对伊斯兰教法仲裁裁决提出异议时,仲裁员根据1999年第30号法律第58条和2017年Basyarnas程序规则第20条重新签署了修改后的裁决。最终的伊斯兰教法仲裁裁决在按照被申请人所在地区的法律向宗教法院登记后,对当事人具有约束力(约束力)。
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引用次数: 0
The Recommendation or the Adjudication Authority of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia 《印度尼西亚共和国申诉专员的裁决当局的建议》
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i2.21521
Musriza Musriza, Eddy Purnama, M. Mahfud
This research investigates the Ombudsman recommendations as the improvement of the maladministration’s prevention and the efforts that against government agencies which do not implemented their duties. This juridical-normative research uses four kinds of approach like statute, historical, conceptual and comparative approach. The Ombuds-man’s existence after 19 years establishment can be said hasn’t fully work as that institution expectation. The responsibility to accept all complaint about maladminis-tration especially in public services just relied only by issues the recommendations about conclusions and suggestions. Ombudsman doesn’t has the authority to execute the result of their investigations, so that the rules of recommendation’s implementation are weak. The 2016-2020 period’s recommendation haven’t implemented optimal enough. Therefore, recommendations as the improvement of the maladministration’s prevention need to equalizing the perspective and detailed the implementation rules, so that a stronger legal protection about the position and also the function of its recommen-dations can be achieving prosperity.
本研究调查了申诉专员建议作为预防行政失当的改进和对政府机构不履行职责的努力。本研究主要采用成文法、历史法、概念法和比较法四种研究方法。监察员制度成立19年来的存在,可以说并没有完全达到制度的预期。接受所有关于行政管理不善的投诉的责任,特别是在公共服务方面,仅仅依赖于发布关于结论和建议的建议。申诉专员没有权力执行他们的调查结果,因此建议的执行规则很弱。2016-2020年期间的建议执行得不够理想。因此,建议作为行政失当预防的完善,需要均衡化的视角和细化的实施细则,这样才能使建议的地位和功能得到更强有力的法律保护,从而实现完善。
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引用次数: 0
Traffic Compliance Index of Acehnese Community 亚齐社区交通合规指数
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i2.21014
M. Gaussyah, Dedy Yuliansyah
The purpose of this article is to analyze and discuss the correlation between the behavior of the Acehnese and the culture of traffic discipline. Every road user is obliged to obey the traffic rules, but the number of accidents is increasing every year, resulting in numerous deaths, injuries and property damage. This is an empirical legal research using a survey method with a qualitative approach. Interviews, observations, and file review is also used in this research. The results show that the traffic behavior of Acehnese remains poor, with the observation-based traffic compliance index having a value of 5.41 on a scale of 1-10. Most violations were committed by male drivers with 2 (two) wheels. The most common violations are not wearing a helmet, not turning on the main lights during the day, and not having a driver's license (SIM). Most traffic violations are committed by individuals between the ages of 17 and 40, most of whom have a high school education or equivalent. It is necessary to optimize the socialization of traffic discipline and the arrangement of traffic fiqh by the Aceh Provincial Police of Traffic Department (Ditlantas Polda Aceh), local authorities and related agencies.
本文的目的是分析和讨论亚齐人的行为与交通纪律文化之间的关系。每个道路使用者都有义务遵守交通规则,但交通事故的数量每年都在增加,造成许多人死亡、受伤和财产损失。这是一项采用调查方法和定性方法的实证法律研究。访谈、观察和档案回顾也被用于本研究。结果表明,亚齐人的交通行为仍然很差,基于观测的交通合规指数在1-10的范围内为5.41。大多数违规行为是由拥有两个轮子的男性司机犯下的。最常见的违规行为是不戴头盔,白天不开主灯,没有驾照(SIM)。大多数违反交通规则的人年龄在17岁到40岁之间,其中大多数人具有高中或同等学历。有必要优化亚齐省交警部门(Ditlantas Polda Aceh)、地方当局和有关机构的交通纪律社会化和交通安全安排。
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引用次数: 0
The Validity of the Electronic Signature in Electronic General Meeting of Shareholders S of the Limited Company’s 有限公司S电子股东大会电子签名的有效性
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i2.21044
Ikhsan Lubis
The enactment of electronic signatures, especially at the General Meeting of Share-holders (GMS) and responses to legal actions from electronic signatures in the deed of Decision of the General Meeting of Shareholders in a Limited Liability Company, will be confronted by the progress of the era and the legality of the deed. This research method is classified as normative research, the approach method is descriptive analytical. This study shows that the regulation of electronic signatures on the deed of the Statement of Shareholders' Meeting Resolutions is the development of the form of legal evidence. For this reason, the form of evidence is made in the form of electronic information or electronic documents. The effect of the signing if it is done through electronic media, namely the result of the GMS decision has a legal impact on the status of ratification in the law. If the GMS has an electronic signature so that the legality of the legal action is recognized, the government and especially the legislators make legal rules to regulate with certainty the validity of the results of the GMS electronically, so that legal certainty is formed.
电子签名的制定,特别是在股东大会(GMS)中,以及在有限责任公司股东大会决议契据中电子签名的法律行为的回应,将面临时代的进步和契据的合法性。本研究方法归为规范研究,研究方法为描述性分析。本研究表明,股东大会决议文件契约电子签名的规范是法律证据形式的发展。因此,证据的形式采用电子信息或电子文件的形式。通过电子媒体签署的效果,即GMS决定的结果,对批准在法律上的地位具有法律影响。如果GMS具有电子签名,使法律行为的合法性得到承认,政府特别是立法者制定法律规则,对GMS结果的电子有效性进行确定的规范,从而形成法律确定性。
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引用次数: 2
Social Empowerment for People with Disability as Aceh Social Department Responsibility 残疾人社会赋权作为亚齐社会部门的责任
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v23i2.21022
Nilda - Mutia, Iskandar A Gani, M. Syahbandir
The aims of this study is to analyze the implementation of empowerment by the Aceh Social Department for people with disabilities and the obstacles in its implementation, in accordance with government regulation No. 52 year 2019 about the welfare accomplishment for people with disabilities.This legal study employs the juridical-empirical method using primary data gathered from interviews and secondary data from literature review as supporting material. Afterward, the data is analyzed using a qualitative approach.The findings showed that the Aceh Social Service based on the Minister of Social Affairs Regulation No. 9 year 2018 concerning Basic Service Technical Standards on a Minimum Service Standardsin the Social Sector in Province and Regency/City only authorized to implement the empowerment for the disabled who were in the orphanage, where, Aceh currently has only one orphanage under Aceh Social Service which available special for the disabled-blind. The obstacles in its implementation are inaccurate data available, limited budget and limited human resources, resulted the empowerment has not implement optimally. A systematic planning and mapping should be done by related party, with the aim, every type of disability can be reached and the efforts can be performed properly, until the independent and the inclusive people with disabilities/disabled groups can be achieved.
本研究的目的是根据2019年第52号关于残疾人福利成就的政府法规,分析亚齐社会部门对残疾人赋权的实施情况及其实施中的障碍。本法律研究采用司法实证方法,使用从访谈中收集的主要数据和从文献综述中收集的次要数据作为支持材料。然后,使用定性方法对数据进行分析。调查结果显示,亚齐社会服务部门根据2018年第9号社会事务部长条例(关于省和县/市社会部门最低服务标准的基本服务技术标准),仅授权为孤儿院的残疾人实施赋权,其中亚齐目前只有一家亚齐社会服务机构为残疾人提供特别服务。在实施过程中存在数据不准确、预算有限、人力资源有限等障碍,导致赋权没有得到最优的实施。相关方应进行系统的规划和映射,以达到每一种残疾都能达到,努力都能做好,直到实现残疾人/残疾群体的独立和包容。
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引用次数: 1
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Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
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