Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115054
Joon-Goo Lee , Muthuchamy Maruthupandy , ChulBeom Park , Seol-Hee Moon , Soyoung Yang , Misook Jung , Sun Hee Park , Beom Seok Han , Wan-Seob Cho
Biocides are used as preservatives in various household products, and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT) is one of the popular chemicals. Therefore, BIT is highly likely to be exposed to human skin, necessitating dermal toxicity evaluation. In this study, we aimed to investigate dermal toxicity, eyes and skin irritation, and skin sensitization of BIT. All studies were conducted according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development testing guidelines. In acute dermal toxicity using rats, no treatment-related responses were observed at the highest dose (2000 mg/kg). A 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study at 1, 4, and 12 mg/kg/day showed transient local skin irritation lesions, including erythema, exfoliation, and crust formation. Based on no systemic effects, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of BIT of the 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study was determined to be 12 mg/kg/day. Eye and skin irritation tests showed that BIT is a strong irritant and corrosive to the eyes and a mild irritant to the skin. However, BIT showed no skin sensitization reactions in a local lymph node assay. These dermal toxicity studies can provide valuable information for the risk assessment of BIT.
杀菌剂被用作各种家用产品的防腐剂，1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮（BIT）是其中一种常用化学品。因此，BIT 极有可能接触到人体皮肤，因此有必要进行皮肤毒性评估。本研究旨在调查 BIT 的皮肤毒性、眼睛和皮肤刺激性以及皮肤致敏性。所有研究都是根据经济合作与发展组织的测试指南进行的。在使用大鼠进行的急性皮肤毒性试验中，最高剂量（2000 毫克/千克）未观察到与治疗相关的反应。以 1、4 和 12 毫克/千克/天的剂量进行的为期 28 天的重复皮肤毒性研究显示，出现了短暂的局部皮肤刺激症状，包括红斑、脱皮和结痂。由于未出现系统性影响，28 天重复皮肤毒性研究中 BIT 的无观测不良效应水平 (NOAEL) 被确定为 12 毫克/千克/天。眼睛和皮肤刺激测试表明，BIT 对眼睛有强烈的刺激性和腐蚀性，对皮肤有轻微的刺激性。不过，在局部淋巴结试验中，BIT 未显示皮肤过敏反应。这些皮肤毒性研究可为 BIT 的风险评估提供有价值的信息。
{"title":"Dermal toxicity studies of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (CAS number: 2634-33-5) in Sprague-Dawley rats","authors":"Joon-Goo Lee , Muthuchamy Maruthupandy , ChulBeom Park , Seol-Hee Moon , Soyoung Yang , Misook Jung , Sun Hee Park , Beom Seok Han , Wan-Seob Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biocides are used as preservatives in various household products, and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT) is one of the popular chemicals. Therefore, BIT is highly likely to be exposed to human skin, necessitating dermal toxicity evaluation. In this study, we aimed to investigate dermal toxicity, eyes and skin irritation, and skin sensitization of BIT. All studies were conducted according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development testing guidelines. In acute dermal toxicity using rats, no treatment-related responses were observed at the highest dose (2000 mg/kg). A 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study at 1, 4, and 12 mg/kg/day showed transient local skin irritation lesions, including erythema, exfoliation, and crust formation. Based on no systemic effects, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of BIT of the 28-day repeated dermal toxicity study was determined to be 12 mg/kg/day. Eye and skin irritation tests showed that BIT is a strong irritant and corrosive to the eyes and a mild irritant to the skin. However, BIT showed no skin sensitization reactions in a local lymph node assay. These dermal toxicity studies can provide valuable information for the risk assessment of BIT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 115054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115044
A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton Jr. , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura
{"title":"RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, amyl salicylate, CAS Registry Number 2050-08-0","authors":"A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton Jr. , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 115044"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115036
A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton Jr. , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura
{"title":"Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 1-methyl-2-(1-methylpropyl)cyclohexyl acetate, CAS Registry Number 72183-75-6","authors":"A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton Jr. , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 115036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115034
A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton Jr. , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura
{"title":"RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, cis-3-hexenyl benzoate, CAS Registry Number 25152-85-6","authors":"A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton Jr. , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 115034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115042
Silvia Dominguez , Jérémie Théolier , Rouaa Daou , Samuel B. Godefroy , Maha Hoteit , André El Khoury
This study quantitatively assessed AFM1 exposure through consumption of cows' milk in Lebanese adolescents and adults. Lebanon-specific, non-aggregated data on (i) milk intake and body weight – from an existing survey for adults and from a new survey for adolescents, and (ii) AFM1 occurrence in milk, were fitted to distributions and incorporated into a probabilistic model. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for milk consumers was estimated considering the incidence of hepatitis B virus in Lebanon and characterized using the margin of exposure (MOE). All subgroups’ mean risk estimates, expressed as additional HCC cases per 100 000 population per year, were significantly different (p < 0.05), and ranged from 2.2x10−4 for adult males to 4.9x10−4 for adolescent males. This variation is attributed to significant differences in body weight and milk intake. MOE identified adolescent males and females as at-risk populations (mean 9628 and 8108, respectively). For adults, levels of concern were only reached with extreme consumption and/or contamination events. Considering that exposure from other sources (e.g., dairy) is cumulative, control of AFM1 in milk in Lebanon should be a risk management priority to ensure protection of younger populations.
{"title":"Stochastic health risk assessment of aflatoxin M1 in cow's milk among Lebanese population","authors":"Silvia Dominguez , Jérémie Théolier , Rouaa Daou , Samuel B. Godefroy , Maha Hoteit , André El Khoury","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study quantitatively assessed AFM<sub>1</sub> exposure through consumption of cows' milk in Lebanese adolescents and adults. Lebanon-specific, non-aggregated data on (i) milk intake and body weight – from an existing survey for adults and from a new survey for adolescents, and (ii) AFM<sub>1</sub> occurrence in milk, were fitted to distributions and incorporated into a probabilistic model. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for milk consumers was estimated considering the incidence of hepatitis B virus in Lebanon and characterized using the margin of exposure (MOE). All subgroups’ mean risk estimates, expressed as additional HCC cases per 100 000 population per year, were significantly different (p < 0.05), and ranged from 2.2x10<sup>−4</sup> for adult males to 4.9x10<sup>−4</sup> for adolescent males. This variation is attributed to significant differences in body weight and milk intake. MOE identified adolescent males and females as at-risk populations (mean 9628 and 8108, respectively). For adults, levels of concern were only reached with extreme consumption and/or contamination events. Considering that exposure from other sources (e.g., dairy) is cumulative, control of AFM<sub>1</sub> in milk in Lebanon should be a risk management priority to ensure protection of younger populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 115042"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115041
Claus Asger Lykkebo, Khanh Hoang Nguyen, Agnieszka Anna Niklas, Martin Frederik Laursen, Martin Iain Bahl, Tine Rask Licht, Martin Steen Mortensen
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) belongs to a large group of anthropogenic compounds with high persistency named per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS). Widespread use from industry to household appliances and food-contact materials contributes to PFAS exposure with food as the primary source. Association studies suggest that vegetables and fibre rich diet may reduce PFOS levels in humans, but experimental data remain limited. Here, we investigated PFOS uptake and wash-out after seven days of PFOS (3 mg/kg/day) in two groups of rats (N = 12 per group) fed diets either high (HF) or low (LF) in soluble dietary fibres. Two control groups (N = 12/group) were fed the same diets without PFOS. Changes in pH and transit time were monitored alongside intestinal and faecal microbiota composition. We quantified systemic and excreted, linear and branched PFOS. Results revealed significantly lower pH and faster intestinal transit in the HF groups. Importantly, HF rats had lower serum PFOS concentrations and higher PFOS concentrations in caecal content and faeces, indicating a more efficient excretion on the fibre rich diet. In both dietary groups, PFOS affected the gut microbiota composition. Our results suggest that a diet rich in soluble dietary fibres accelerates excretion of PFOS and lowers PFOS concentration in serum.
{"title":"Diet rich in soluble dietary fibres increases excretion of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in male Sprague-Dawley rats","authors":"Claus Asger Lykkebo, Khanh Hoang Nguyen, Agnieszka Anna Niklas, Martin Frederik Laursen, Martin Iain Bahl, Tine Rask Licht, Martin Steen Mortensen","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) belongs to a large group of anthropogenic compounds with high persistency named per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS). Widespread use from industry to household appliances and food-contact materials contributes to PFAS exposure with food as the primary source. Association studies suggest that vegetables and fibre rich diet may reduce PFOS levels in humans, but experimental data remain limited. Here, we investigated PFOS uptake and wash-out after seven days of PFOS (3 mg/kg/day) in two groups of rats (N = 12 per group) fed diets either high (HF) or low (LF) in soluble dietary fibres. Two control groups (N = 12/group) were fed the same diets without PFOS. Changes in pH and transit time were monitored alongside intestinal and faecal microbiota composition. We quantified systemic and excreted, linear and branched PFOS. Results revealed significantly lower pH and faster intestinal transit in the HF groups. Importantly, HF rats had lower serum PFOS concentrations and higher PFOS concentrations in caecal content and faeces, indicating a more efficient excretion on the fibre rich diet. In both dietary groups, PFOS affected the gut microbiota composition. Our results suggest that a diet rich in soluble dietary fibres accelerates excretion of PFOS and lowers PFOS concentration in serum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 115041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115039
Yanyi Zhao , Miaomiao Zhao , Qingyuan Li , Hanyue Li , Renjun Yang , Nuoya Yin , Francesco Faiola
In our daily lives, we are inevitably exposed to a variety of environmental pollutants in numerous ways. Fortunately, recent years have witnessed significant advancements in the field of stem cell toxicology, which have provided new opportunities for research in environmental toxicology. Applying stem cell technology to environmental toxicology, overcomes some of the limitations of traditional screening methods and we can more accurately predict the toxicity of environmental pollutants. However, there are still several aspects of stem cell toxicology models that require improvement, such as increasing the throughput of detection and simplifying detection methods. Consequently, we developed an environmental pollutant toxicity detection model based on TBXT-EGFP iPS cells and screened the developmental toxicity of 38 typical environmental pollutants. Our results indicate that TBBPA-BDBPE, TBBPA-BHEE, DG, and AO2246 may interfere with the expression of TBXT, a critical marker gene for early human embryo development, implying that these environmental pollutants could lead to developmental abnormalities.
{"title":"Development of a TBXT-EGFP iPS cell model for screening the early developmental toxicity of typical environmental pollutants","authors":"Yanyi Zhao , Miaomiao Zhao , Qingyuan Li , Hanyue Li , Renjun Yang , Nuoya Yin , Francesco Faiola","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In our daily lives, we are inevitably exposed to a variety of environmental pollutants in numerous ways. Fortunately, recent years have witnessed significant advancements in the field of stem cell toxicology, which have provided new opportunities for research in environmental toxicology. Applying stem cell technology to environmental toxicology, overcomes some of the limitations of traditional screening methods and we can more accurately predict the toxicity of environmental pollutants. However, there are still several aspects of stem cell toxicology models that require improvement, such as increasing the throughput of detection and simplifying detection methods. Consequently, we developed an environmental pollutant toxicity detection model based on <em>TBXT</em>-EGFP iPS cells and screened the developmental toxicity of 38 typical environmental pollutants. Our results indicate that TBBPA-BDBPE, TBBPA-BHEE, DG, and AO2246 may interfere with the expression of <em>TBXT</em>, a critical marker gene for early human embryo development, implying that these environmental pollutants could lead to developmental abnormalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 115039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging micropollutants, originating from diverse sources, including pharmaceutical, pesticides, and industrial effluents, are a serious environmental concern. Their presence in natural water bodies has negative effects on ecosystems and human health. To address this issue, the importance of a source-controlled approach has grown, highlighting the use of advanced technologies such as oxidation processes, membrane filtration, and adsorption to prevent micropollutants from entering the environment. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of emerging micropollutants, their analytical detection methods, and their environmental impacts, with a focus on aquatic ecosystems, human health, and terrestrial environments. It also highlights the importance of using a source-controlled approach and provides insights into the benefits and drawbacks of this strategy. The primary micropollutants identified in this review were erythromycin, ibuprofen, and triclocarban, originating from the pharmaceutical industries for their use as antibiotics, analgesic, and antibacterial drugs. The primary analytical methods used for detection involved hybrid techniques that integrate chromatography with spectroscopy. Thus, this review emphasizes the source-controlled approach's benefits and drawbacks, focusing on emerging micropollutants, their detection, and impacts on ecosystems and health.
{"title":"Environmental impact and source-controlled approaches for emerging micropollutants: Current status and future prospects","authors":"Madhu Sharma , Aarti Bains , Kandi Sridhar , Prince Chawla , Minaxi Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging micropollutants, originating from diverse sources, including pharmaceutical, pesticides, and industrial effluents, are a serious environmental concern. Their presence in natural water bodies has negative effects on ecosystems and human health. To address this issue, the importance of a source-controlled approach has grown, highlighting the use of advanced technologies such as oxidation processes, membrane filtration, and adsorption to prevent micropollutants from entering the environment. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of emerging micropollutants, their analytical detection methods, and their environmental impacts, with a focus on aquatic ecosystems, human health, and terrestrial environments. It also highlights the importance of using a source-controlled approach and provides insights into the benefits and drawbacks of this strategy. The primary micropollutants identified in this review were erythromycin, ibuprofen, and triclocarban, originating from the pharmaceutical industries for their use as antibiotics, analgesic, and antibacterial drugs. The primary analytical methods used for detection involved hybrid techniques that integrate chromatography with spectroscopy. Thus, this review emphasizes the source-controlled approach's benefits and drawbacks, focusing on emerging micropollutants, their detection, and impacts on ecosystems and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 115038"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115035
A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura
{"title":"Update to RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one, 8-(1-methylethyl)-, trans-, CAS Registry Number 4625-90-5","authors":"A.M. Api , A. Bartlett , D. Belsito , D. Botelho , M. Bruze , A. Bryant-Freidrich , G.A. Burton , M.A. Cancellieri , H. Chon , M.L. Dagli , W. Dekant , C. Deodhar , K. Farrell , A.D. Fryer , L. Jones , K. Joshi , A. Lapczynski , M. Lavelle , I. Lee , H. Moustakas , Y. Tokura","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 115035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115040
Arzu Gezer , Hilal Üstündağ , Ebru Karadağ Sarı , Gürsel Bedir , Cihan Gür , Ali Sefa Mendil , Lale Duysak
Alpha-amanitin (α-AMA), a toxic component of Amanita phalloides, causes severe hepato- and nephrotoxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of βeta-carotene (βC) against α-AMA-induced kidney damage in rats. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Control, βC (50 mg/kg/day), α-AMA (3 mg/kg), and βC+α-AMA. βC was administered orally for 7 days before α-AMA injection. Renal function, oxidative stress markers, histopathological changes, and enzyme activities were evaluated 48 h post-α-AMA administration. α-AMA significantly increased serum creatinine and urea levels, decreased glutathione and catalase activity, and increased malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.001). βC pretreatment attenuated these changes (P < 0.05). Histopathological examination revealed reduced tubular degeneration in the βC+α-AMA group (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased LC3B and Beclin-1 expression in α-AMA-treated rats, indicating enhanced autophagy, partially reversed by βC. Additionally, α-AMA reduced nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and increased aldose reductase (AR) activity, both normalized by βC pretreatment (P < 0.01). βC demonstrates protective effects against α-AMA-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant action, modulation of autophagy, and regulation of NOS and AR pathways, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in α-AMA poisoning.
{"title":"β-carotene protects against α-amanitin nephrotoxicity via modulation of oxidative, autophagic, nitric oxide signaling, and polyol pathways in rat kidneys","authors":"Arzu Gezer , Hilal Üstündağ , Ebru Karadağ Sarı , Gürsel Bedir , Cihan Gür , Ali Sefa Mendil , Lale Duysak","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fct.2024.115040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpha-amanitin (α-AMA), a toxic component of Amanita phalloides, causes severe hepato- and nephrotoxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of βeta-carotene (βC) against α-AMA-induced kidney damage in rats. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Control, βC (50 mg/kg/day), α-AMA (3 mg/kg), and βC+α-AMA. βC was administered orally for 7 days before α-AMA injection. Renal function, oxidative stress markers, histopathological changes, and enzyme activities were evaluated 48 h post-α-AMA administration. α-AMA significantly increased serum creatinine and urea levels, decreased glutathione and catalase activity, and increased malondialdehyde levels (<em>P</em> < 0.001). βC pretreatment attenuated these changes (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Histopathological examination revealed reduced tubular degeneration in the βC+α-AMA group (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased LC3B and Beclin-1 expression in α-AMA-treated rats, indicating enhanced autophagy, partially reversed by βC. Additionally, α-AMA reduced nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and increased aldose reductase (AR) activity, both normalized by βC pretreatment (<em>P</em> < 0.01). βC demonstrates protective effects against α-AMA-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant action, modulation of autophagy, and regulation of NOS and AR pathways, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in α-AMA poisoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":317,"journal":{"name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 115040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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